Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
214~681
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
This invention relates to the technology of formworks for
placing concrete in elements, structures, etc., in all kinds of
buildings: highrise, rasidenticll, industrial, public, bridges, etc.
In the existing technology the formworks for placing concrete are
made mostly of wood, steel, aluminium, etc. The wood forms are
made mostly of:
- panels comprising boards, and pieces 2x4, etc.
- panels of plywood strengthened with studs 2x4, etc.
- the widths and lengths may vary from one foot to many feet.
/o The steel formworks are made mostly of:
- panels (plates) with standard dimensions of several feet
reinforced with steel beams.
- flying formworks build in sets fitting the dimensions of whole
walls and floor slabs.
- self-erecting formworks for high structures like silo, chimney.
The aluminium formworks are similar to those made of steel.
All these kinds of formw~rk have many disadvantages:
- the cost of labour and materials for producing a formwork unit
is high because it requires high standards for processing it:
20 very costly materials and highly ~[ualified labour.
- the cost of erecting formworks made of wood, steel, aluminium
for a structure is high because:
The high ~[ualified labour re~uired.
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Many improvisations required.
The curve or other complicated shapes are time consuming.
Dismantling, cleaning an~ maintenance are time, r.n~llmin~.
The rhythm of erection is slow.
After dismantling the surface of the concrete needs many
corrections .
The inventive idea is a product called INTEGRATED FORMWORK
that is a thin plate of concrete or of other material that is
used as a formwork for placing concrete. The shape of this
product may be plane, curved or any three dimensional shape
according to necessities. In the process of its production
this plate gets, in most cases, a finished surface. The width
and length of this plate may be equal to those of a whole
element: wall, floor slab, etc. After placing the concrete in
this formwork the INTEGRATED FORMWORK remains integrated
permanently in the element or in the structure, etc.
The advantages of thi6 illvention are:
- the labour is cheap because all the operations may be
performed by low qualified workers.
20 - the material, usually concrete, is cheap and is included
in the element or the structure so there is no waste.
- the fact that the surf~ces of this formwork are already
finished is saving time and money, eliminating further
work .
468~
- the erection of the Integrated formwork is very simple and
fast .
The summary of the advantages:
- eliminates some operations: dismantling the formworks and
maintenance works.
- repairing the surface of the concrete.
- performing the f;n;Rh;rq works on concrete surface.
- it is very easy to place in the elements (walls, etc) all
kinds of materials (insulations, piping, cables, etc),
devices, inserts, etc.
- the rhythm of erection of a structure is fast therefore
the time is shortened.
- the works on the exterior side of the structure is
eliminated almost completely.
All these advantages lower the costs.
Summarv of drawinqs
In drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention
Figure 1 is a vertical section of an embodiment of the
invention where the product INTEGRATED FORMWORKS is made of
reinf orced concrete .
20 Figure 2 is a view of an intersection of two steel product U
channel shaped, over an insert.
Figure 3 is a view of an insert.
Figure 4 is a view of an INTEGRATED FORMWORK showing the
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distribution of the inserts.
Figure ~ is a view of a wllole INTEGRATED FORMWORK showing the
distribution of the steel proc~ucts U channel shaped.
Figure 6 is a section t~lrough an INTEGRATED FORMWORK and a
work table.
Figure 7 is a section through an assembly of two INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS that may be used for a concrete wall.
Figure 8 is horizontal section through an intersection T
shaped of two walls.
/o Figure 9 is a vertical section through an intersection of a
slab floor with a wall.
Figure 10 is a view of a INTEGRATED FORMWORK having an opening
f or a door .
Figure 11 is a horizontal section through an assembly of
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS for a column.
Figure 12 is a vertical section through an assembly of
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS for a bec~m.
Figure 13 is a horizontal section through a wall.
Figure 14 is a vertical section through a wall.
20 Figure 15 is a view of a very high concrete column showing the
rows of INTEGRATED FORMWORKS.
Figure 16 is a horizontal section through the assembly of
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS f or a concrete column .
Figure 17 is a view of a high concrete structure that may be
a silo or a; chimney or a resel-voir, etc.
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Figure 18 is a horizonta] section through the above concrete
structure: silo, chimney or reservoir, etc.
FigUre 19 is a vertical section through an INTEGRATED FORMOWRK
having the bottom side f inished with veneer bricks .
Figure 20 is a section through INTEGRATED FORMWORKS having the
upper side finished with veneer bricks.
Figure 21 is a section t~rough an Integrated formwork having
the bottom side finished v~ry smooth, being manufactured for a
f loor slab .
/o Figure 22 is a horizontal sections through an assembly of two
rNTEGRATED FORMWORKS (for a wall, etc) having a steel U channel
shaped product between them arld threaded rod f or f astening them .
Figure 23 is a horizontal section through an assembly of two
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS (for a wall, etc) having little external
concrete beams.
Figure 24 is a horizonta] section through an assembly of two
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS (for a wall, etc) having little internal
concrete beams.
All the items included in the above drawings are explained as
20 follows- The dimensions of the items are approximative"lF~p~nr~;ng
on many factors and conditions. The INTEGRATED FORMWORKS may have
standard sizes like l'x8', 2'x~', 4'x8', etc., or may have the size
of a whole element: wall, floor slab, etc.
The kind of materials used ma~r vary depending on cost, strengths,
availability, purpose, etc.
6 D~-,
21~68~
Details of th~ items which are shown in the drawings:
50 The table for production of INTEGRATED FORMWORK may have the
dimensions, widths and len~ths, big enough to accommodate a
w~lole element of a structu]-e that may be 5 . 00 meters wide and
10. 00 meters long or more, or may be smaller.
51 The surface of the table may have any shape that fits the
shape of the Integrated formwork: plane, curve or any other
three dimensional shape.
52 The shutters which may be of steel U channel shaped or of
wood, plastic or any other suitable material. Their
dimension have to f it the dimensions of the INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS .
54 This insert may be preferable of sheet metal or other
material. The preferred dimensions may be thickness 3mm,
widths 6-lOcm, length 6-lOcm.
56 Nut. The diameter may be preferable 8mm. The nut is
welded to sheet metal 54.
58 Rod. It preferably may be of steel, diameter 8mm to fit
the nut, the length may be 15-20cm.
20 60 The steel welded wire mesh. The preferable diameter of
the bars: 3mm. The distance between the bars may be 10-20cm
in both directions.
62 The concrete may be regular strong concrete. It is
preferable to include additives for a faster hardening and for
improved qualities according to design.
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63 The INTEGR~TED FORMWOKK may have, preferable, the dimensions
of the whole element: wall, floor slab, column, etc., but may
have as well the size of half element, or standard dimensions
such as 2 ' x8 ', 4 ' x8 ', etc .
64 The upper surface of the Integrated formwork may be finished
according to design.
65 The protection layer may be of cardboard or plastic sheet,
etc .
66 The bottom surface of the Integrated formwork may be
/o f inished according to the design .
68 ~ 70 may be of steel U Challnel shaped or wood, etc. Preferred
dimension may be 4cm x 8cm The length may fit the length
of the Integrated f ormwork .
72 This nut may have a diameter of 6-8mm.
74 The washer may have a di~meter of 6-8mm.
76 The rod may have a diameter of 6-8mm. The length depends
on the thickness of the wall and may be 30-~Ocm.
78 The plastic pipe may have a diameter of 8-lOmm and must be
resistant .
20 80 The enlargement of the rod 80 may have the same dimensions
like the nut 84.
82 The steel welded wire mesh will have the dimensions
according to the design.
84 The nut has a diameter of 8-lOmm.
86 The washer will fit the nut 84.
214~681
88 The fresh concrete will k,ave the properties as designed.
go Shutters for openings (door, windows) similar to 52.
92 Integrated formworks for columns or beams. It is preferable
to have the dimensions of an entire element but may be also
less .
94 Horizontal steel U channel shaped similar to 68 and 70.
96 Vertical steel U channel shaped similar to 68 and 70.
98 Insulation should be preferably delivered in the form of
panels .
/o 100 Reinforcement of the concrete in floor slab. The
dimensions should be as designed. May be made of steel
bars or steel welded mesh, etc.
102 Pipes for water, etc.
104 Wire for electricity, telephone, etc.
106 CabIes for electricity, etc.
108 Vertical steel U channel shaped similar to 68 and 70.
110 Horizontal steel U chann!31 shaped similar to 68 and 70.
112 Integrated formworks mamlfactured for high columns. The
dimensions should be as designed.
2~7 114 A row of Integrated forml"orks in a high column structure.
115 Integrated formwork for the exterior side of a concrete
structure such as a silo.
116 Integrated formwork for the interior side of a concrete
structure such as a silo.
117 Reinforcement, steel bars, for the concrete in a structure
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2~4~681
.
such as a silo.
118 Ornamental bricks or tiles, or marble, etc., for a wall.
120 Steel or aluminium, etc., U channel shaped for assembling or
strengthening INTEGRATED FORMORRK.
122 Little exterior concrete beam for strengthening Integrated
f ormwork .
124 Little interior concrete beam for strengthening Integrated
f ormwork .
126 Piece of wood 2'x4' or l'x3', etc., for assembling or
o strengthing INTEGRATED FORMWORKS.
Summary of invention
According to one aspect the present invention relates to a
product called Integrated formwork. This is a trademark and will
be repeatedly used throughout this application under the name
TRADEMARK INTEGRATED FORrlWORK. The purpose of the T INTEGRATED
FORM~ORK is to be a part or the whole of a formwork for placing
concrete in products or in individual concrete elements or in
concrete elements of a structure and it will remain permanently
integrated in these products, elements, structure, etc.
The T INTEG~ATED FO.~-I.J~ consists of one or more plates that:
- may have any shape: plane or curved or any three dimensional
shape .
- may be made of concrete or reinforced concrete or pre-stressed
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21~81
concrete or posttensioned concrete or of any material with
suitable properties.
The T INTEGRATED FORMWOR~ may have one side, interior or
exterior, unfinished or may have both sides, interior or
exterior, unf inished .
The T INTEGRA~ED FORMWORK may have one side f acing the
interior or exterior of the structure finished: rough or
smooth surface, or imprinte(~ or as brick veneer or stone
veneer (as for a wall, ceiling, etc), etc. The T INTEGRATED
/~ FORMWORK may have 2 or more sides facing the interior and/or
the exterior of the structure finished: rough or smooth
surface, imprinted or as brick veneer or stone veneer, etc.
The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may also have inserts for various
purposes: strengthening t~lis product by various means and/or
assembling a group of two or more such products and/or transporting
it and/or connecting it to other products or elements of a
structure and/or securing pipes, cables, wires, steel bars, various
devises , etc., to this product . The T
INTEGRATED FORMWORK may also have insulation materials (like
thermic, acoustic, etc) attached to it. The T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK may have steel bars or steel welded wire mesh, etc.,
attached to it as reinforcement for the concrete in the future
element. The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may also have piping (for
water , etc), cables , wires , or other materials or devices secured
to it. The T INTEGRATED F~ ..J~K may also have openings for
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windows, doors, ducts, etc.
According to another aspect the present inventions relates to
a product whose purpose is to be a part or the whole formwork for
placing concrete in products or in individual concrete elements or
in concrete elements of a structure and it will remain permanently
integrated in these products, elements, structure, etc. This
product may consist of one or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS assembled
together and may have means for strengthening and/or assembling two
or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS and/or for connecting them to other
/O formworks, products and/or elements in the structure and/for
transportation, supporting, etc.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a product that my be a concrete product or an individual concrete
element or a concrete element of a structure.
This product may comprise:
- one or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS integrated permanently.
- materials and/or devices, etc., that may be attached to the
T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or introduced between the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS like: insulation materials, reinforcement (steel
20 bars, etc) for the fresh concrete placed between T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK, piping, cables, wires, etc.
- the concrete placed in one or more products or elements.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing the product called T INTEGRATED FORMWORK
defined as above, having on both sides, bottom and top, unfinished
12 ~
~ ~1446~1
surfaces. This process may comprise all or part of the following
steps:
- preparing a base surface ha~ing any shape: plane or curve or
any three dimensional shape.
- placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface
along the perimeter of T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS according to
its shape and dimensions.
- placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface
for openings (windows, doors, etc).
- placing reinforcement for t~le concrete or the other material
used: steel welded wire mes~l or steel bars, etc.
- placing inserts for various purposes and securing them.
- placing the fresh concrete or another material on the base
surf ace between the shutters and processing it .
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing the product T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS (defined
as above) having the upper face finished. This process may
comprise all or part of the f~ollowing steps:
- preparing a base surface having any shape: plane or curve
or any three dimensional shape.
- placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface
along the perimeter of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS according to
its shape and dimensions.
- placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface
along the perimeter of the openings (windows, doors, etc).
13 A
214~681
- placing reinforcement for the concrete or for the other
material used: steel welded wire mesh or steel bars, etc.
- placing inserts for various purposes and securing them.
- placing the fresh concrete or another material on the base
surface between the shutters and processing it.
- processing the top (upper) surface of the concrete or the ot~ler
material in order to make a finished face that may be in
variou$ ways: rough or smooth surface or imprinted pattern,
or placing brick veneer or stone veneer, etc.
¦O According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing a product T INTEGRATED FORMWORK having the
bottom face finished. This process may comprise all or part of the
following steps:
- preparing a base surface ha~ing any shape: plane or curved, or
any three dimensional shape.
- placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface
along the perimeter of the ~ INTEGRATED FORMWORKS according to
its shape and its dimensions.
- placing shutters (of steel or wood, etc) on the base surface
20 along the perimeter of the openings (windows, doors, etc).
- processing the f inish on the bottom side of the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK facing the base surface by getting a smooth surface or
imprinted pattern or by placing ornamental materials such as
bricks or tiles or stones or marble, etc., on the base surface,
etc .
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~ 214~681
- placing reinforcement for the concrete or for other material
used: steel welded wire mesh or steel bars, etc.
- placing inserts for various purposes and securing them.
- placing the fresh concrete or another material on the base
surface between t~le shutters and processing the upper surface.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing a product that comprises two or more
T INTEGRATED FOR~`~ORKS assembled together. This process may
comprise all or part of the following steps:
/0 - various means (steel product, wood product, etc) for
strengthening, assembling, connecting, supporting, transporting,
etc., will be fastened to several T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS.
- these T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be strengthened, assembled,
connected, supported, transported, etc., using the above means.
AcCording to another aspect the present invention relates to
the process f or producing a product that may be a concrete product
or an individual concrete ele~ent or a concrete element of a
structure. This process may comprise all or part of the following
steps:
20 - installing and connecting the formwork made of one or more
T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS, in the structure.
- supporting the formwork in the structure.
- attaching to the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or introducing between
the T INT~ TFn FORMWORKS materials and/or devices such as:
insulation materials, reinforcement (steel bars, etc) for the
~, L,,
~ '~,14~8:~
fresh concrete placed between the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS,
piping, cables, wires, etc.
- placing concrete inside the formworks.
- dismantling all the connections, supports, etc., after the
concrete has hardened enoug~l.
According to another asp~ct the present invention relates to
a process for producing an interior wall or an exterior wall (in a
residential or highrise building, office, etc). This process may
comprise all or part of the following steps:
o - two or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS having adequate structure will
be assembled and fastened to each other having a certain distance
between them where some materials , devices , etc ., may be
placed: steel U channel shaped, reinforcement for the
concrete, insulation, piping, cables, wires, etc. All
these operations may be executed in the structure or in another
convenient place.
- this assembly will be installed and connected to other elements
in the structure and will be supported.
- fresh concrete will be placed between the two T INTEGRATED
20 FORMWORKS and will be processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough all the supports,
devices, etc., will be dismantled.
- the holes left in the product by some devices will be filled.
- after all the accessories will be taken away the wall will
stand ready finished on both sides.
16
~14~681
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing a concrete slab for a floor such as in a
highrise, for a bridge, for a road, etc.
This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- one or more T INTEGRATED FO~MWORR having adequate structure and
one face finished will be strengthened with steel products, wood
products or other means f astened pref erable on the f inished
side .
- then the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be transported, placed in
the structure with the fini3hed face downwards, and supported.
The strengthening products fastened previously to T INTEGRATED
FORM~ORRS will now be supporting it from below.
- reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc), piping,
cables , etc., will be placed on the upper side of the
T INTEGRATED FORMwORKS and secured to it.
- the fresh concrete will be placed and processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough the supports, devices,
etc., wil~l be dismantled and the bottom face of the slab will
appear ready f inished . Only very minor corrections may be
20 needed.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing concrete beams and concrete columns (such
as in highrises). This process may comprise all or part of the
following steps:
- one or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS having adequate structure
17 ~
-
~ 68~
will be assembled and fastened to each other forming the shape
of a beam or a column.
- this assembly will be installed in the structure and supported.
- reinforcement bars for concrete, piping, cables, etc., may be
placed inside the beam or c~lumn.
- fresh concrete will be placed inside the beam or the column and
will be processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough all the supports, etc.,
will be dismantled.
/O The beam or the column will have finally all the sides completed
with very minor corrections needed.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing a bric]~ veneer wall or stone veneer wall or
marble veneer wall, etc. This process may comprise all or part of
the f o l l owi ng step s:
- on~ T INTEGRATED FORMWORK having ade~uate structure and th~
exterior side f inished as a brick veneer wall or stone veneer
wall will be strengthened with steels products or wood
products, etc. These products will preferably be fastened on
20 the finished side.
- then the ~ INTEGRATED FORM~RK will be transported, installed
in the structure with the finished side facing outside and
supported. The ends of the reini~orcement steel bars
incorporated in the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be connected
to the neighbouring elements of the structures: beams, columns,
18
21~4~gl
slabs, etc). The connections may be made in several ways
depending on the structure: by welding, anchor bolts, rods,
by placing concrete in neig~lbouring beams, columns, slabs, etc.
- af ter connecting the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK in the structure
all the temporary supports ~ill be dismantled.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
the process for producing a high concrete structure having a full
section, such as a column for a bridge or for a highway, etc. This
process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
~O - installing the first (base) row of T INTEGRATED FORM~ORKS,
having the adequate structure, in order to build the base
perimeter of the structure.
- connecting the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS to each other by using
various means: steel products, wood products, etc.
- supporting this structure.
- placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc), inserts,
piping, cables, etc.
- placing concrete inside the structure and processing it.
20 - installing the second row of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS similarly
to the f irst row and repeating the same operations .
- continuing to erect the structure row after row until the top.
- finally dismantling all the supporting materials, devices, etc.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing a high concrete structure having a hollow
19
2144681
section such as a silo, chimne'~, reservoir, etc. This process may
comprise all or part of t~he following steps:
- installing the first (base) row of the T INTEGRATED FORM~ORKS
in order to build the base perimeter of the structure.
- connecting the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS to each other by using
various means: steel products, wood products, etc.
- supporting this structure.
- placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc), inserts,
/o piping, cables, etc.
- placing concrete inside the structure and processing it.
- installing the second row oE T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS similarly
to f irst row and repeating ~he same operations .
- continuing to erect the structure row after row until the top.
- f inally dismantling all the supporting materials .
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a product called "Reusable concrete form" whose purpose is to be a
part or the whole of a formwork for placing concrete in concrete
products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements
20 of a structure and is removable and reusable. This product may
consist of one or more concrete plates that:
- may have any shape: plane, curve or any three dimensional
shape .
- may be made of concrete or reinf oreed eoncrete or prestressed
concrete or posttensioned eoncrete, or other kinds of concretes.
~ 21~
- may have both sides unfinis~led.
- may have one face finished and one face unfinished.
- may have both sides finished.
The product may also comprise inserts for various purposes that may
be for reinforcing this product and/or for assembling a group of
two or more such products and/or for connecting, transporting this
product. The product may also comprise reinforcement of the
concrete that may be steel bars or steel welded wire mesh, etc.
The product may also have openings (for windows, doors, ducts,
~o etc),
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a product called "Reusable concrete form" whose purpose is to be a
part or the whole of a formwork for placing concrete in concrete
products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements
of a structure and is removable and reusable.
The product may consist of one or more products described above and
may have means for strengthening and/or assembling two or more such
products and/or for connecting, transporting, etc.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
20 a process for producing a product called "Reusable concrete form"
whose purpose is to be a part or the whole of a formwork for
placing concrete in concrete products or in individual concrete
elements or in concrete eleme~ts of a structure, and having on both
sides unfinished surfaces or on both sides finished surfaces or on
one side a finished surface and on the other side an unfinished
21
214~81
surface. This process may comprise all or part of the following
steps:
- preparing a base surface ha~ing any shapc: plane, curve or
any three dimensional shape.
- placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface
along the perimeter of the product.
- placing shutters on the base surface for openings (windows,
doors, etc).
- placing reinforcement for tlle concrete: steel bars, etc.
- placing inserts for various purposes and securing them.
- placing the fresh concrete on base surface between the
shutters, and processing it accQrding to the design that may
be:
- both sides, interior and exterior, unfinished surfaces; or
- both sides, interior and exterior, finished surfaces; or
- only on one side a finis]hed surface and the other side
unf inished.
According to another aspect the present inventions relates to
a process for producing a product called "Reusable concrete form"
20 whose purpose is to be a part or the whole of the formwork for
placing concrete in concrete products or in individual concrete
elements or in concrete elements of a structure. This process may
comprise all or part of the following steps:
- various means (steel products, wood products, etc) for
strengthening, assembling, connecting, supporting,
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~ 2~681
transporting, etc., are fastened to the concrete plates; and
- the concrete plates are strengthened and/or assembled and/or
supported and/or transportect, etc., by using the above means.
According to another asp~:ct the present invention relates to
a process f or producing a product that is a concrete product or an
individual concrete element or a concrete element of a structure by
usin~ the formworks called "Reusable concrete form" made of thin
concrete plates. This process may comprise all or part of the
following steps:
/0 - installing and connecting t~le ~ormworlcs, made of the concrete
plates, in the structure.
- supporting this formworks ill the structure.
- installing between the form~"orks materials and/or devices
such as: insulation materiaLs, reinforcement (steel bars, etc),
for the fresh concrete, piping, cables, wires, etc.
- placing fresh concrete and processing it.
- dismantling all the connections, supports, the formworks, etc.,
after the concrete has hardened enough.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
20 a process for producing an interior wall or an exterior wall (in a
residential or highrise building, office, etc). This process may
comprise all or part of the following steps:
- two or more Reusable concrete forms having adequate structure
will be assembled and fastened to each other having a certain
distance between them where some materials, devices, etc., may be
23
~ ~14~8~
placed: steel U channel shal~ed, reinforcement for the concrete,
insulation, piping, cables, ~ires, etc. All these operations may
be executed in the structure or in another convenient place.
- this assembly will be instal led and connected other elem~nts in
the structure and will be s~lpported.
- frcsh concrete will be placed between the two Reusable concrete
forms and will be processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough all t~le supports, devices,
etc., and the Reusable concrete forms will be dismantled.
the holes left in the product by some devices will be filled with
grout .
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing a concrete slab for a floor such as in a
highrise, for a bridge, for a road, etc.
This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- one or more Reusable concrete forms having adequate structure and
one face finished will be strengthened with steel productsj wood
products or other means fastened preferable on the unfinished
s ide .
20 - th~n the Reusable concrete forms will be transported, placed in
the structure with the finished face upwards, and supported.
The strengthening products fastened previously to the Reusable
concrete forms will now be supporting it from below.
- reinforcement for the conrete (steel bars, etc), piping, cables,
etc., will be placed on the upper side of the Reusable concrete
24
21~81
f orms and secured to it .
- tlle fresh concrete will be E~laced and processed.
- after the concrete has harderled enough the supports, devices, the
Reusable concrete forms, etc., will be dismantled.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing concrete beams and concrete columns (such
as in highrises). This process may comprise all or part of the
f ol lowing steps:
- one or more Reusable concrete forms having adequate structure
will be assembled and fastened to each other forming the shape of
a beam or a column.
- this assembly will be installed in the structure and supported.
- reinforcement bars for concrete, piping, cables, etc., may be
placed inside the beam or column.
- fresh concr~te will be placed inside the beam or the column and
will be processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough all the supports, Reusable
concrete forms, etc., will l~e dismantled.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
20 the process for producing a high concrete structure having a full
section, such as a column for a bridge or for a highway, etc.
This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- installing the first (base) row of Reusable concrete forms having
the adequate structure, in order to build the base perimeter of
the structure.
81
.
- connecting the Reusable concrete forms to each other by using
various means: steel products, wood products, etc.
- supporting this structure.
- placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc), inserts,
piping, cables, etc.
- placing concrete inside the structure and processing it.
- installing the second row of the Reusable concr~te forms
similarly to the first row and repeating the same operations.
~ continuing to erect the structure row after row until the top.
- finally dismantling all the supporting materials, devices, the
Reusable concrete forms, etc.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to
a process for producing a high concrete structure having a hollow
section such as a silo, chimney, reservoir, etc. This process may
comprise all or part of the following steps:
- installing the first (base) row of the Reusable concrete forms
in order to build the base perimeter of the structure.
- connecting the reusable concrete forms to each other by using
20 various means: steel products, wood products, etc.
- supporting this structure.
- placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc), inserts,
piping, cables, etc.
- placing concrete inside the structure and processing it.
26
-
214~8i
- installing the second row of Reusable concrete forms similarly
to the f irst row and repeating the same operations .
- continuing to erect the structure row after row until the top.
- finally dismantling all the supporting materials and the
Reusable concrete forms.
4~1
Detailed description
Referring to the drawings, the embodiment of the invention shown a
T INTEGRATED FORM~ORK consists of one or more panels that may have
any shape, plane or curve or any three dimensional shape.
T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may he ~ade of concrete or reinforced
concrete or prestressed concrete or posttensioned concrete or of
any material with suitable properties. The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK
is a thin plate made of reinforced concrete having the dimensions,
widt~ and length, that may be e~ual to t~le dimensions of the whole
~element such as a wall, a fl~or slab, a beam, a column, etc., or
may be smaller depending on ~nany factors, conditions, etc. The
thickness may range, but is not limited to, between several
milimeters to several centimetres. A T INTEGRATED FOI~MWORIC may
comprise inserts made of a piece of sheet metal 54 fig. 1, 2, 3, 4
and a nut 56 fig. 1, 2, 3 welded together. The piece 54 has a hole
that will preferably be in the middle. The nut 56 will be centred
on this hole. The inserts, 54 and 56, may be placed on a base
surface 51 of a work table 50 f ig. 1 in a grid pattern as seen in
fig. 4. The T INTEGRATED FORI~WORK comprises also a reinforcement
20 for the concrete that may be a steel welded wire mesh 60 fig. 1.
The inserts 54 and 56 may be secured to the steel mesh 60 in order
to remain as positioned. The threaded rod 58 fig 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is
screwed into the nut 56 before the concrete 62 fig 1, 6, will be
placed. The threaded rod 58 i5 not a part of the T INTEGRATED
FORMWOR~C but it has a temporary purpose: to help attaching steel
28
~ ~1446~1
products (like U channel shaped) or wood pieces, etc., to the T
INTEGR~TED FORMWORK in order to strengthen it so it would be ready
for manipulations, installation, transportation, etc.
The process for producing a T INTEGRATED FORMWORK exemplified
by a preferred embodiment is described with reference to the
drawings and comprises the fo] lowing steps:
- preparing a base surface 50 fig 1, 6 having any shape: plane or
curved or any three dimensional shape, according to the shape
of T INTEGRATED PORMWORK. The base may have a r~e-hAni slll for
vibrating the fresh concrete placed on it. The base surface
may be covered with a layer that will not allow the fresh
concrete to stick to the base surface. For this purpose may
be used a special paint, etc.
- placing shutters 52 fig 4, !~, 6 made of steel products U
channel shaped, wood products 2x4', etc., on the base surface
50 along the perimeter of t]le T INTEGRATED FORMWORK according
to its shape and its dimens ions .
- placing also shutters 90 fig 10 made of steel, wood, etc.,
on the base surface along the perimeter of the opening (doors,
windows, ducts ) .
- placing the reinforcement for the concrete or for another
material used that may be a steel welded wire mesh 60 or
etc .
- placing the insert 54 and 56 and securing them preferably to
the wire mesh 6 0 .
29
4~ '
~ .=
~ ~14~68~
placing the fresh concrete 62 or other material on the base
surface between shutters and processing it. One face or both
faces of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may be unfinished. However
it is possible to finish the top face or the bottom face or
both sides, bottom and top. Finishing the upper surface of
the concrete may be performed in various ways according to the
des ign:
- getting a rough surface or a smooth fine surface.
- imprinting a pattern.
- placing ornamental lumber boards in patterns, etc.
_ placing tiles or marble, etc., in patterns, etc.
_ placing ornamental bricks 118 fig. 20 in order
to get a pattern similar to one used currently
for exterior walls in residential or highrise construction.
Such a T INTEGRATED FORM~ORK may be pre-manufactured
completely and installed in the construction. Many
other kinds of f inish may be executed on the
T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS top surface 6~ fig. 1.
To execute a finish on the bottom surface 66 fig. 1 of the
20 T INTEGR~TED FORMWORK the following steps may be necessary:
preparing a base surface 51 having a shape that fits the shape
of T INTEGRATED FORMWORK: plane or curved or any three
dimensional shape.
placing shutters 52 fig 5, 6 made of steel, wood, etc., on
the base surface 51 along the perimeter of the T INTEGRATED
~. ~
2144681
FOR~WORK according to its dimensions and shape.
- placing shutters 90 fig. 10 on the base surface along the
perimeter of the openings (doors, windows, etc).
- processing the f inish on the bottom side of T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK facing the base surface by:
_ placing ornamental bricks 118 fig. l9 or
_ placing tiles or ornamental stones or marble, or
_ placing ornamental lumber boards in patterns or
other materials on the l:~ase surface 51 fig. 19
- placing inserts 54 and 56 fig. 1 having threaded rods 58
screwed in.
- placing the reinforcement: steel welded wire mesh 60 fig. 1
or steel bars, etc.
- placing the fresh concrete 62 fig. 1, 19.
- processing the surface of tlle concrete as designed.
When the concrete has hardened enough the T INTEGR~TED
FORMWORK may be used. Genera lly a T INTEGR~TED FORMWORK is very
thin in comparison with its widths and lengths and therefore is
fragile and may need temporary reinforcement. This reinforcement
20 may have multiple purposes: for strengthening, manipulation,
transportation, assembling, installation, connections, support,
etc. First a thin protecti~e layer 65 fig. 1 of cardboard or
plastic sheet, etc., will be placed on the finished surface of
T INTEGRATED FORMWORK, then steel products (U channel shaped~
8 and 70 fig. 1 or wood 2x4, etc., will be placed in a grid
31
~ 2144~81
pattern f ig . 5 on the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK surface. The U channel
shaped pieces 68, 70 have hc~les centred on the rods 58. By
tightening the nuts 72 fig. 1 on the washers 74 fig. 1 the steel U
channel 63 and 70 (in both directio~s) will be fastened to the T
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS giving it enough strength to be manipulated
for further operations.
Buildinq an interior or exterior wall
The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may be put in a vertical position or
in any other conyenient position in order to attach to it
insulation material 98 fig. 13, 14 and/or reinforcement steel bars
82 fig. 13, 14 or steel welded wire mesh and/or piping 102 fig. 13,
14 and/or cables 106 fig. 13, wires 104 fig. 13 and/or
shutters for openings 90 fig. 10 and/or steel U channel shaped 120
and/or wood 2x4 126. etc. After placing all this materials,
devices, etc., a second T INTEGRATED FORMWORK will be placed at a
certain distance near the first T INTEGRATED FORMWORK as seen in
fig. 7, 13, 14. The threaded rods 58 will be removed in both
T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS and longer threaded rods 76 fig. 7 will be
introduced instead as wall ties. The rods 78 will pass through
2,~ both T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS 63 fig. 7 and their steel U channel
shaped 68 and 70 fig. 7. The threaded rod 76 will be placed inside
the plastic pipe 78 fig. 7 so it will not come in contact with the
fresh concrete and so the rod will be removable. The plastic pipe
78 will act as a spacer maintaining the distance between the two T
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS while t~ey are tightened to each other when
32
4~
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2~4~681
the nut 84 fig. 7 is fastened against t~e washer 86 fig. 7. At the
other end of the rod may be either another nut 84 fig. 7 or a fixed
head 80 fig. 7 and a washer 86 fig. 7. After the two T INTEGRATED
FOR~WORKS are fastened they canstitute a strong assembly that may
be transported to be installed in the structure by connecting it to
neighbouring elements. Th~ procedure of assembling the two T
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS may be executed also in the structure bringing
there T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS separately and tightening them
together as explain above. Assembling two T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
in order to produce a wall or other element may be performed also
by placing steel products U channel shaped 120 fig 22 or wood
products 126 fig 22 2x4~, etc., between the two T INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS. By tightening the nuts 84 on the threaded rod 76 fiq.
22 the two T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be fastened to each other.
Another possibility to p]-oduce a wall, etc., is to use
T INTEGRATED FORMWORK having little exterior concrete beams 122
fig. 23 or having little interior concrete beams 124 fig. 24.
These little beams are intended to strengthen the T INTEGRATED
FORM~ORKS. The two T INTEGRATED FORMWOF~KS will be fastened to each
20 other by tightening the nuts 84 on the threaded rod 76 fig. 23, 24.
After the assembly of the T ïNTEGRATED FORMWORK is installed and
supported the fresh concrete 88 ~ig. 7 will be placed inside and
processed. After the concrete has hardened enough according to the
regulations, the rod 76 and the U channel shaped pieces 68 and 70
33
21~81
and all the supports will be dismantled and removed. The inside of
the plastic pipe 78 may be f illed with grout . The two T INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS 63 fig. 7 will remain integrated permanently in the wall
having the faces already finished so that money and time are saved.
Buildinq a floor slab
While processing the surface of the fresh concrete the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK may get the upper face finished as a smooth fine surface
similarly to the quality of a dry wall panel. Then this finished
face will be protected with a thin layer of cardboard or paper or
plastic sheet, etc. Then the following steps may be performed:
- placin~ steel U channel shaped 68 and 70 fig. 5 on the
protective layer and tightening them to the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS by using rods 58 fig. l, nuts 72 and washers 7
fig. 1.
- transporting, installing and supporting the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK in the structure.
- installing reinforcement lOO fig. 9 for the fresh concrete
that will be placed on the upper side of the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS .
20 - connecting the steel welded wire mesh 60 fig. 1 with the
reinforcement bars lOO fig. 9 in order tQ achieve cooperation
between the T INTEGRATED ~'Ul~ .JI~< 67 fig. 9 and the concrete
88 fig. 9 in the slab.
- installing cables 106 fig. 9, piping 102 fig. 9, wiring, etc.,
on the upper f ace of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK .
34
2141~81
- placing fresh concrete and E~rocessing it.
- f inishing the upper face of the fresh concrete as designed.
- dismantling the steel U charlnel shaped 68 and 70 that
supported the T INTEGRATED I~ORMWORK from below, by removing
the rod 58, etc.
- f illing with grout the hole~; left after removing the rod 58 .
8uildinq a column or a beam
According to the conditions the process may comprise the
following steps:
o - manufacturing T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS having the shape fitting
the sections of the column. For instance: for a rectangular
section the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK may be shaped as follows:
4 T. INTEGRATED FORM~ORKS 92 fig. 11, 12 assembled in
a rectangular shape; or
2 L shaped T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS assembled in a
rectangular shape: or
1 U shaped T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS assembled together
with one plane shaped T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS in a
rectangular shape.
20 There may be other ways, too, for forming the columns or the
beams .
- before assembling the parts all the reinforcing steel bars,
piping, wiring, etc., may be attached to one or more
T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or introduced between them.
The T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be assembled by using
35 4,
~ 21~468~
steel products, rods 76 fig 11, 12, etc., to form the column or the
beam that will be installed irl the structure and supported in the
final position.
Fresh concrete 88 fig. 11, 12 will be placed inside the hollow
section .
After the concrete has ha~-dened enough all the supports, etc.,
will be dismantled. The T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will remain
integrated having all the exterior sides already finished.
Buildinq a hiqh column such as for a bridqe or a hiqhwav or TV
antenna
The height of such a strllcture may range, but is not limited
to, 60-100 m high or more. The structure may have a rectangular or
circular, etc., shaped section with a surface of several meters
square. According to the shape and the dimensions of the structure
the following steps may be necessary:
- manuf acturing T . INTEGRATED FORMWORKS having the shape of
the structure: plane, curve, etc., such as in the procedure
explained above for building a wall in any concrete structure.
The height of T. INTEGRATEI~ FORM~ORKS may be chosen
2~ conveniently and may be about 100 cm but may be also another
dimension .
- after having the base floor ready the erection of the wall will
begin, see the fig 15, 16.
- the first base row of the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS 114 fig 15
will be installed to build the base perimeter of the structure.
36 9~
81
Th~ row comprises the T . INTEGRATED FORMWORKS 112 f ig 16
assembled together by using steel U channel shaped in both
directions: horizontal ~ieces 110 fig 16 and vertical pieceS
108 fig 16, or other~means. All the pieces are tightened with
rods 7 6 f ig 16 , nuts , etc ., as seen in f ig 7 .
- after having the first row of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK placed and
supported, the reinforcement steel bars 117 fig 16 for the
concrete will be installed in the section. Also inserts,
piping 102 fig 16, cables 106 fig 16, etc., will be introduced.
~G Thc fresh concrete 88 fig 16 will be placed inside and
processed so it will fill t~e section until about 15-20 cm
under the top.
- the second row of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK will be installed over
the first one and the same operations will be performed as in
the first row and so on. T~le structure will be erected row
after row until the top. The speed of the erection of the
structure will depend on the strengths of each row that have
to support the weight of all the rows above it. The steel
U channel shaped that strengthen the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
2a Will not be dismantled until the concrete of a row has reached
the necessary strength to support the weight of the structure
above it. The shutters for the openings, the inserts, etc.,
will be placed in the regular way similarly to the highrises.
When finally all the supports, etc., will be dismantled all the
concrete surface will be already finished, saving money and
A `
~144681
time .
Buildinq a hiqh (or low) structure such as a silo chimnev,
reservoir, water tower, etc.
The height of such a structure may range, but is not limited
to, between 50-200 m. The diameter of such a structure may range,
but is not limited to, between 10-100 m. The structure may have a
rectangular or circular, etc., section. According to the shape and
dimensions of the structure the following steps may be necessary:
- manufacturing T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK having the shape of the
structure: plane, curve, etc., like in the procedure
explained above for buildin~ a wall in any concrete structure.
Th~ height of the T. INTEGRl~TED FORMWORK may be chosen
conveniently and may be about 100 cm but may also be other
dimensions .
- after having the base floor ready, the erection of the wall
will begin as seen in f ig 17, 18 .
- the first row of T. INTEGRA~ED FORMWORK 116 fig 17 will be
installed to build the base perimeter of the structure. The
row comprises the interior 116 f ig 18 and the exterior 115
2C~ fig 18 T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS assembled together by using
horizontal U channel shaped 110 fig 18 and vertical steel
U channel 108 tightened with rods 76 fig 18, nuts, washers,
etc ., as seen in f ig 7 .
- After having the f irst row of T. INTEGRATED FOR~WORKS placed
and supported, the reinforcement steel bars 117 fig 18 for
38
;~14~81
th~ concrete will be installed in the wall from the upper side.
Also piping 102 fig 18, cables 106 fig 18, etc., will be
introduced .
the fresh concrete 88 fig 18 will be placed inside the wall
all along the whole perimeter and processed so that it will
f ill the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK until about 15-20 cm under
the top.
the second row of T. INTEGRP~TED FORMWORKS will be installed
ov~r the f irst one and the same operations will be repeated
as in the first row and so c~n. The structure will be erected
row after row until the top. The speed of the erection of
the structure will depend on the strength of each row that
have to support the weight c~f all the rows above it. The
steel U channel shaped that strengthens the T. INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS of one row will not be dismantled until the
concrete has reached the necessary strength to support the
weight of the structure abo~e it. In high structures that
have openings, inserts, floors, they will be placed and
executed in the regular way similarly to the highrises. When
finally all the supports, etc., will be dismantled all the
concrete surface will be already finished saving money.
39
2144681
Reusable çsncrete form
Ref erring to the drawin~s the embodiment of the invention
shown REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM consists of one or more panels that
may have any shape, plane or curve or any three dimensional shape.
REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be made of concrete or reinforced
concrete or prestressed concrete or posttensioned concrete or of
any material with suitable properties.
The REUSABLE CONCRETE ]?ORM is a thin plate having the
dimensions, widths and lengths, that may be equal to the dimensions
of t~le whole element such as wall, a floor slab, a beam, a column,
etc., or may be smaller depenc~in~ on many factors and conditions,
etc. The thickness may range, but is not limited, between several
millimetres to several centimetres. A REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may
comprise inserts made of a piece of sheet metal 54 fig 1, 2, 3, 4,
and a nut 56 fig 1, 2, 3 welded together. The piece 54 has a hole
that will be preferably in the middle. The nut 56 will be centred
on this hole. The inserts 54 and 56 may be placed on a base
surface 51 of a work table 50 fig 1 in a grid pattern as seen in
fig 4. The REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM comprises also a reinforcement
2~ for the concrete that may be a steel welded wire mesh 60 fig 1.
The inserts 54 and 56 may be secured to the steel welded wire mesh
in order to remain stable as l?ositioned . The threaded row 58 f ig
1, 2, 3, 4 is screwed into the nut 56 before the concrete 62 fig 1,
6, will be placed. The threaded rod 58 is not a part of the
REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM but it has a temporary purpose: to help
214~68~
attaching steel products or wood pieees, ete., to the REUSABLE
CONCRETE FORM in order to strengthen it so it would be ready for
manipulations, installation, transportation, etc.
The process for producing REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM exemplified
by a preferred embodiment is described with reference to the
drawings and comprises the following steps;
- preparing a base surface 50 fig l, 6 having any shape: plane
or curved or any three dimensional shape aceording to the shape
of REUSA8LE CONCRETE FOR~. The base may have a meehanism for
lo vibrating the fresh eonerete plaeed on it. The base surfaee may
be eovered with a layer that ~ill not allow the fresh eonerete to
stic}; to the base surface. For this purpose may be used a special
paint, etc.
- placing shutters 52 fig 4, 5, 6 made of steel produets U
channel shaped, wood product:s 2x4~, etc., on the base surface
50 along the perimeter of tlle REUSABLE CONCRETE FOR~ aeeording
to its shape and dimensions.
- plaeing also shutters 9o fig 10 made of steel, wood, ete., on
the base surfaee along the perimeter of the opens (doors,
20 windows, duets ~ .
- placing the reinforcement for the conerete that may be a steel
welded wire mesh 60 or ete.
- plaeing the fresh eonerete 62 on the base surfaee between
shutters and processing it. One faee or both faces of the
REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be unf inished. E~owever it is
41
~ 2144681
possible to finish the top face or thc bottoln face or both
sides, bottom and top. Fini shing the upper surface of the
conc~ete may be performed in various ways according to t~le
des ign
- Getting a rough surface or a smooth, fine surface
- Imprinting a pattern
Such a REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be pre-manufactured
complctely and installed in the corlstruction. To
execute a finish on the bottom surface 66 fig 1 of
the REUSABLE CONCRETE FOI~M the following steps may
be necessary:
preparing a base surface 51 having a shape that fits the
shape of REUSABLE CONCRETE ]~ORM: plane or curve or any
three dimensional shape. The base surface may be smooth
or rough or may have a pattern imprinted or sticking out.
placing shutters 52 fig 5, ~ made of stee~l, wood, etc.,
on the base surface 51 along the perimeter of t~le REUSABLE
CONCRETE FORM according to its dimensions and shape. The
base surface will be prepared to have the job of a mold:
the surface may be smooth or rough, may have a pattern
imprinted or sticking out according to design.
placing shutters 90 fig 10 on the base surface along the
perimeter of the openings (doors, windows, etc).
placing inserts 54 and 56 f ig 1 having threaded rods
58 screwed in.
42
~ '.
:
2144~81
- placing the reinforcement: steel welded wire mesh 60 fig 1
or steel bars, etc.
- placing the fresh concrete 62 fig 1, 19 and processing it.
- wh~n the concrete has hardened enough the REUSABLE CONCRETE
FORMWORK may be used. Generally a REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM is
very thin in comparison with its widths and lengths and
th~refore is fragile and may need temporary reinforcement.
This reinforcement may have multiple purposes: for strengthening,
manipulation, transportation, assembling, installation,
/o connections, support, etc. First a thin protective layer 65
fig 1 of cardboard or plastic sheet, etc., will be placed on the
f inished surface of the REUSAE~LE CONCRETE FORM. Then steel
products such as U channel shape 68 and 70 fig 1 or wood
2x4 will be placed in a grid pattern fig 5 on the REUSABLE
CONCRETE FORM surface. The U channel shaped pieces have holes
centred on the rods 58. By tightening the nuts 72 fig 1 on
the washers 74 fig 1 the steel U channel shaped 68 and 70
(in both directions) will be fastened to the REUSABLE CONCRETE
FOI?M giving it enough strenqth to be manipulated for
20 further operations.
Buildinq an interior or exterior wall
The REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be put in a vertical position
or in any other convenient position in order to attach to it
reinforcement steel bars 82 f ig 13, 14 or steel welded wire mesh,
piping 102 fig 13, 14, cables 106 fig 13, wires 104 fig 13,
43
~,
_
~14~68~
shutters for openings 90 fig 10, etc. After placing all these
materials, devices, etc., a second REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM will be
placed at a certain distance near the first one as seen in fig 7,
13, 14. The threaded rods 58 will be removed in both REI~SABLE
CONCRETE FORM and longer threaded rods 76 fig 7 will be introduced
instead as wall ties. The rods 78 will pass through both REUSABLE
CONCRETE FORM 63 f ig 7 and through their steel U channel shaped 68
and 70 fig 7. The threaded row 76 will be placed inside the
plastic pipe 78 fig 7 so it will not come in contact with the fresh
concrete and so the rod will be removable. The plastic pipe 78
will act as a spacer maintaining the distance between the two
REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS while ~hey are tightened to each other when
the nut 84 fig 7 is fastened against the washer 86 fig 7. At the
other end of the rod may be either another nut 84 fig 7 or a fixed
head 80 fiq 7 and the washer 86 fig 7. After the two REUSABLE
CONCRETE FORMS are f astened they constitute a strong assembly that
may be transported to be installed in the structure by connecting
it to neighbouring elements. The procedure of assembling the two
REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be executed also in the structure
2O bringing them there separately and tightening them together as
explained above. Assembling two REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS in order
to produce a wall or other element may be performed also by
placing steel products 120 fig 22 U channel shaped or wood 2x4 126
f ig 22 or etc., between the two REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM. By
tightening the nuts 84 on the threaded rod 76 fig 22 the two
44
D~
~1446gl
REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM will be fastened to each other.
Another possibility to produce a wall, etc., is to use
REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS havin~ little exterior concrete beams 122
fig 23 or having little interior concrete beams 124 fig 24. This
little beams are intended to strengthen the REUSABLE CONCRETE
FORMS. The two REUSABLE CONC12ETE FORMS will be fastened to each
other by tightening the nuts 84 on the threaded rod 76 fig 23, 24.
After the assembly of the REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS is installed and
supported the fresh concrete 88 fig 7 will be placed inside and
rc? processed. After the concrete has hardened enough according to the
regulations, the rod 76 and the U channel shaped pieces 68 and 70
and all the supports will be dismantled and removed. The inside of
the plastic~pipe 78 will be filled with grout. The two REUSABLE
CONCRETE FORMS 63 fig 7 will be removed and prepared to be reused.
In a similar way, with some variation according to the nature
of the structure, the REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS may be used in
processes for producing all kinds of structures: floor slabs,
columns, beams, very high columns, silo, chimney, etc. All these
processes are similar to the processes for producing floor slabs,
20 columns, beams, very high columns, silos, chimneys, etc., that use
the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS. The basic difference is that in the
last stage the Reusable concrete forms are dismantled and removed.
Although a f ew embodiments of the present invention has been
described and illustrated, the present invention is not limited to
the features of these ~;r-l~ts but includes all variations and
4s
,~
214~681
modif ications within the scopc- of the claims .
The assembly of two or more T. INTEGRATED FORMWORRS or
REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS in order to produce a wall or any other
element of a structure may be performed in a convenient place and
then transported to the str~lcture or may be perf ormed in the
structure itself or close to it.
The base surf ace used to produce a T . INTEGRATED FORMWORK or
a REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be the f ace of a table or may be
prepared on the ground on a concrete slab, etc.
The order and the nature of the steps for producing a T.
INTEGRATED FORM~ORKS, a REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM or a concrete
element may be changed according to neccessities.
The T. INTEGRATED FORM~OR~C and REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may have
standard sizes such as 2'x8', 4'x8', etc., or may have the size of
half or a whole element: wall, floor slab, etc.
In order to get a strong connection between the neighbouring
elements in a structure it is highly recr~ n~ that the
reinforcement (steel bars, etc.) from one T. INTEGRATED FORM~ORK or
REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM will be long enough to enter into the core
20 of the fresh concrete placed in the neighbouring elements (walls,
floor slab, beams, columns, etc.~. Also it is recommended that the
reinforcement (steel bars, etc. ) of a T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK or
REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM will be connected to the reinforcement of
the fresh concrete in the same element. This is very important
especially in a f loor slab .
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2t 4468~
In accordance with some conditions, sizes, etc., there may be
no need for: inserts, reinforcements for the concrete, etc., in
the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or the REUSUABLE CONCRETE FORMS.
The operations of assembling, strengthening, transporting,
etc., may be done by different means 80 that the processes
described above may be changed su~stantially and there would be no
need for rods, nuts, and other means.
The inserts and the reinforcement for the concrete may be made
of different materials, may ha~e different sizes and may be placed
in different locations.
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