Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
wo 95/15150 ~ 6 3 3 PCT/USg4/13223
ULTRA MILD LATHERING PERSONAL CLEANSING COMPOSITION
TECHNlCAL FIELD
The present invention is related to mild liquid personal cleanser compositions.
(More specifically, the present invention relates to mild, lathering compositions, espe-
cially those that are useful for application to the hands and face.)
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The cleaning of skin with surface-active cleaning preparations has become a
focus of great interest. Many people wash and scrub their skin with various surface
active preparations several times a day. Liquid cleansers are highly preferred,
especially for handwashing because of convenience and non-messiness. Mild
personal cleansers are desired to minimize skin irritation, dryness, etc. A personal
cleansing product having both of these preferred characteristics would be very
desirable.
Skin cleansers should cleanse the skin gently, causing little or no irritation, with-
out drying the skin after frequent routine use. Certain synthetic surfactants are
particularly mild. However, a major drawback of mild liquid synthetic surfactant sys-
tems when form~ ted for skin cleansing is poor lather performance. Compared to
the highest bar soap standards (bars which are rich in coconut soap and superfatted),
these prior art liquid surfactant formulations have either poor lather or poor skin
mildness performance. As may be expected, the lather performance is a function of
the choice of surfactant and its concentration. The conceivable number of liquidsurfactant compositions formulated with or without skin feel agents are numerous.
Rheological and phase properties exhibited by prototypes vary widely (i.e., thinliquids, gels, thick pastes, solutions, emulsions). The phase stability of prototypes is
for the most part acceptable over short time periods, but only a small fraction of them
will maintain their original properties and acceptability over an extended period of
time See, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos.: 4,338,211, Stiros, issued July 6, 1982; 4,310,433,
Stiros, issued Jan. 12, 1982; and 4,842,850, Vu, issued June 27, 1989, all of said
patents being incorporated herein by reference.
Optimization of lather as a single variable is a fairly straightforward process.The use of known high sudsing anionic surfactants with lather boosters yields
acceptable lather volume. Unfortunately, highest sudsing anionic surfactants are,
generally, also highest in skin irritation and are worst in clinical mildness. Surfactants
that are among the mildest with minimal skin irritation, such as ammonium laurvl
WO 95/15150 3 ~ PCTIIIS94/13223
~,
ether (12 EO) sulfate (NH4AE12S) are extremely poor in lather. These two facts
alone make the surfactant selection and the lather boosting optimization process a
delicate balancing act. See. e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,338,211, supra, incorporated herein
by reference.
In short, mildness is often obtained at the expense of effective cleansing and
lathering which may be sacrificed for either mildness, product stability, or both.
The present invention offers a valuable combination of desirable properties to
liquid skin-cleaning formulations.
Therefore, one object of this invention is the development of liquid skin cleaning
compositions which exhibit improved mildness with good cleaning and lathering.
Another object of the present invention is the development of low cost liquid
skin cleansers.
Other objects will become apparent from the detailed description below.
SUMMARY OF TTIE INVENTTON
A liquid skin cleanser composition with improved mildness and lathering charac-
terlstlcs, comprlsmg:
(a) from about 3 parts to about 10 parts, by weight, of an alkyl ethoxylated sulfateanionic surfactant having an average degree of ethoxylation of at least about 2.0;
(b) from about 3 parts to about 10 parts of an amphoteric surfactant selected from
the group consisting of betaine surf~t~nts, imidazoline surfactants, aminoalkanoate
surfactants, and iminodialkanoate surfactants, and mixtures thereof;
(c) from about 0 1 parts to about 3 parts, by weight of an N-acylamino acid surfac-
tant, or salt thereof;
(d) from about 0.01 parts to about 0.5 parts, by weight of the composition, of a cat-
ionic cellulose ether derivative.
DETAILED DESC~IPTION OF THE INVENTION
A liquid skin cleanser composition with improved mildness and lathering charac-
teristics, comprising:
(a) from about 3 parts to about 10 parts, by weight, of an alkyl ethoxylated sulfate
anionic surfactant having an average degree of ethoxylation of at least about 2.0;
(b) from about 3 parts to about 10 parts of an amphoteric surfactant selected from
the group consisting of betaine surfactants, imidazoline surfactants, aminoalkanoate
surf~.t~nts and iminodialkanoate surfactants~ and mixtures thereof;
(c) from about 0.1 parts to about 3 parts, by weight of an N-acylamino acid surfac-
tant, or salt thereof;
WO9Stl5150 ~ 1 7 4~ 3 3 PCT/US94113223
(d) from about 0.01 parts to about 0.5 parts~ bv weight of the composition of a cat-
ionic cellulose ether derivative, and
(e) water from 50 parts to 94 parts, and preferably
wherein said personal cleansing composition is substantially free of alkyl sulfate an-
ionic surfactant, primary amines, and ammonia.
Preferably said liquid cleanser composition has a transmittance value at 420 nm
in a 2.5 cm path length of no less than about 80 after storage at 38 c for 30 days.
Although it is not intended to necessarily limit the invention by theory, it is be-
lieved that ammonia, which is typically introduced into the compositions in the form
of ammonium ions, and/or primary amines react with carbonyl functionalities present
in compounds found in most perfume formulations to form Schiff bases. These
Schiff bases discolor the compositions. Insofar as it is desired to use conventional
perfume formulations in the present mild personal liquid cleanser compositions, the
compositions hereof contain carbonyl-containing perfume compounds but preferablyare essenti~lly free of primary amines and ammonia. For purposed hereof,
compositions substantially free of primary amines and ammonia includes the
protonated as well as unprotonated forms of the compounds.
Once ammonia and primary amines are eliminated from the compositions, it be-
comes possible to prepare substantially colorless personal liquid cleansers. However,
in order to formulate personal liquid cleansers which are also mild, it is desirable to
use certain amphoteric surfactants which typically add some degree of color, usually
a yellow tint, to the personal liquid cleanser. Whereas this is not significant in the
formulation of most personal liquid cleansers (inclu~ling the various-colored "clear"
personal liquid cle~ncers) it is undesirable in the formulation of substantially colorless
mild personal liquid cle~ncers. Thus, it is also a preferable aspect of this invention
that the amphoteric surf~rt~ntc utilized in the present mild personal liquid cleanser
compositions be sufficiently colorless and free of primary amines and ammonia such
that the mild personal liquid cle~ncer composition itself remains substantially
colorless.
The invention, including plefel led embodiments thereof, is described in more de-
tail in the Detailed Description of the Invention, which follows.
The ecsenti~l as well as a variety of optional components of the compositions ofthe present invention are described below.
WO 95/15150 PCT/US94/13223
2~7~6~
Alkvl Ethoxvlated Sulfate
The mild personal liquid cleanser composition hereof comprises from about 3
parts to about 10 parts. by weight, preferably from about 4 parts to about 8 parts of
alkyl ethoxylated sulfate anionic surfactant.
Alkyl ethoxylated sulfate surfactants are well known in the art, and can be repre-
sented by the formula RO(C2H4O)XSO3M, wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl of from
about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is I to 12, preferably 2 to 6, and M is a water-
soluble cation such as an alkali or alkaline earth metal, preferably, sodium or potas-
sium. The average degree of ethoxylated, i e. the average value for x should be at
least about 2Ø
Exemplary alkyl ethoxylated sulfates are condensation products of ethylene
oxide and monohydric alcohols having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
Preferably, R has from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms. The alcohols can be
derived from fats, e.g., coconut oil or tallow, or can be synthetic. Lauryl alcohol and
straight chain alcohols derived from coconut oil are pl~relled herein. Such alcohols
are typically reacted with from about 2 to about 12, preferably about 2 to about 6,
more preferably about 3, molar proportions of ethylene oxide and the resulting
mixture of molecular species having, for example, an average moles of ethylene oxide
per mole of alcohol also within the above limits, is s~llf~ted and neutralized.
Specific examples of alkyl ethoxylated sulfates which may be used in the presentinvention are the salts, especially sodium and/or potassium salts, of coconut alkyl
triethylene glycol ethoxylated sulfate, tallow alkyl triethylene glycol ethoxylated sul-
fate, and tallow alkyl hexaoxyethylene sulfate. Typically the alkyl ether sulfates will
comprise a mixture of individual compounds, said mixture preferably having an aver-
age alkyl chain length of from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms, and an averagedegree of ethoxylation of from about 2 to about 6 moles of ethylene oxide
Fspeci~lly pre~lled are narrow range alkyl ethoxylated sulfates such as those having
ethoxylation levels primarily in the range of about 2. to about 6.
Amphoteric Surfactant
The amphoteric surfactant will be present in the mild personal liquid cleanser
compositions hereof at levels of from about 3 parts to about 10 parts, by weight of
the composition, preferably from about 4 parts to about 8 parts. The amphoteric
component hereof is selected from the group consisting of amphoteric betaine. imida-
zoline, aminoalkanoate, and iminodialkanoate surf~ct~nt~. Preferably, the ratio of the
alkyl ethoxylated surfactant to the amphoteric surfactant will be from about 3:1 to
about 1: 1.5, more preferably from about I .5: I to about I :1 5.
WOg5/15150 ~, ~7 ~6~3 PCT/US94/13223
The imidazoline amphoteric surfactants hereof are depicted by Formula 1:
l 3
R l CoN(cH2)nN+-cH2z (I)
R4 R2
wherein Rl is C8 - C~ alkyl or alkenyl, preferably C12-C16, R~ is hydrogen or
CH2CO2M, R3 is CH2CH2OH or CH2CH2OCH2CH2COOM, R4 is hydrogen,
CH2CH2OH, or CH~CH~OCH2CH2COOM, Z is CO2M or CH2CO2M, n is 2 or 3,
preferably 2, M is hydrogen or a cation, such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
Examples of"alkali metal" include lithium, sodium, and potassium. Examples of
"alkaline earth metal" include beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium.
This type of surfactant is classified herein as an "imidazoline" amphoteric surfactant
for convenience, although it should be recognized that it does not necessarily have to
be derived, directly or indirectly, through an imidazoline intermediate.
Suitable materials of this type are marketed under the tradename MIRANOL
and are understood to comprise a complex mixture of species, and can exist in
protonated and non-protonated species depending upon pH with respect to species
that can have a hydrogen at R2. All such variations and species are meant to be
encompassed herein.
Preferred surfactants of Formula I are monocarboxylates and dicarboxylates.
Examples of these materials include cocoamphocarboxypropionate, cocoamphocar-
boxypropionic acid, cocoamphocarboxyglycinate (alternately referred to as cocoam-
phodi~cet~te), and cocoamphoacetate (alternately, cocoamphomonoacetate).
Specific commercial products providing the amphoteric surfactant component of
the present compositions include those sold under the trade names MIRANOL C2M
CONC. N.P., MIRANOL C2M CONC. O.P., MIRANOL C2M SF, MIRANOL CM
SPECIAL (Miranol, Inc.); ALKATERIC 2CIB (Alkaril Chemicals);
AMPHOTERGE W-2 (Lonza, Inc.); MONATERIC CDX-38, MONATERIC CSH-
32 (Mona Industries); REWOTERIC AM-2C (Rewo Chemical Group); and
SCHERCOTERIC MS-2 (Scher Chemicals).
Suitable betaine surf~ct~nts hereof are depicted by compounds having the
Formula (II):
- O R4 - R~
Il I 1-
Rs- C-N-(CH2)m N+-Y RI (II)
R3
- n
WO 95/15150 PCT/US94/13223
~ 4~3~
wherein:
R I is a member selected from the group consisting of
COOM and CH-CH2SO3M
OH
R is lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl;
R3 is lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl;
R4 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl;
Rs is higher alkyl or alkenyl;
Y is lower alkyl, preferably methyl;
m is an integer from 2 to 7, preferably from 2 to 3;
n is the integer I or 0;
M is hydrogen or a cation, such as an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
The term "lower alkyl" or "hydroxyalkyl" means straight or branch chained,
saturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals and substituted hydrocarbon radicals having
from one to about three carbon atoms such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl,
isopropyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like. The term "higher alkyl or
alkenyl" means straight or branch chained saturated (i.e., "higher alkyl") and
unsaturated (i.e., "higher alkenyl") aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals having from about
eight to about 20 carbon atoms such as, for example, lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl, and
the like.
Examples of surfactant betaines of Formula II wherein n is zero which are usefulherein include the alkylbetaines such as cocodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryldi-
methylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryl dimethyl-alpha-carboxyethylbetaine, cetyldi-
methylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxymethylbetaine,
stearyl-bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)carboxymethylbetaine, oleyldimethyl-gamma-car-
boxypropylbetaine, lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethylbetaine, etc. The
sulfobetaines may be represented by cocodimethylsulfopropylbetaine, stearyldimeth-
ylsulfopropylbetaine, lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfopropylbetaine, and the like.
Arnido betaines and amidosulfo betaine surfactants useful in the present
invention are exemplified by compounds of Formula II wherein n is one but
otherwise corresponding to the above examples. Examples of surfactant betaines of
Formula II wherein n is one which are useful herein include the
amidocarboxybetaines, such as cocoamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine~
laurylamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, cetylamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine
laurylamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carboxymethylbetaine, cocoamido-bis-(2-
hydroxvethyl)-carboxvmethylbetaine, etc. The amido sulfobetaines may be repre-
wo 95/l5150 ~17 4 6~ 3 PCT/US94/13223
sented by cocoamidodimethylsulfopropylbetaine,stearylamidodimethylsulfopropylbetaine~ laurylamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-sulfopro-
pylbetaine, and the like.
The preferred betaine in the present invention is a member selected from the
group consisting of surfactant amidocarboxybetaines and amidosulfobetaines. Morepreferred betaines are the surfactant amidocarboxybetaines, particularly
cocoamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaines (cocomidopropylbetaine), such as those
sold by Goldschmidt Co. under the trade name Tegobetaine (F grade), and by
Hoechst-Celanese under the trade name Genagen CAB. These most preferred
betaines have the formula:
O CH3
R'3-C-NH-(CH 7)3-N-cH2-COOM
CH3
wherein R'3 is selected from C8 to C18 alkyl radicals and M is hydrogen or a cation
as defined above. In general, the plef~ d betaines hereof will have low levels of
residual amide and sodium monochloroacetate.
Suitable aminoalkanoates and iminodialkanoates are represented by the
Formulas (III) and (IV):
aminoalkanoates of the formula:
R-NH(CH2)nCOOM (III); and
iminodialkanoates of the formula:
R-N[(CH2)mcOoM]2 (IV)
wherein n and m are from I to 4, R is Cg - C22 alkyl or alkenyl, and M is hydrogen
or alkali or an alkaline earth metal as previously described.
Examples of amphoteric surfactants falling within the aminoalkanoate formula
include n-alkylamino-propionates and n-alkyliminodipropionates. Such material are
sold under the tradename DERIPHAT by Henkel and MIRATANE by Miranol, Inc
Specific examples include N-lauryl-beta-amino propionic acid or salts thereof, and N-
lauryl-beta-imino-dipropionic acid (DERIPHAT 160C) or salts thereof, and mixtures
thereof
The amphoteric surfactant provided as a raw material for use in the mild
wo 95/15150 ~ ~ 7 4 6 3 3 PCT/US94/13223
personal liquid cleanser compositions hereof should preferably be sufficientlv
colorless such that it does not impact enough color to the total composition remains
substantially colorless.
Amphoteric surfactants are often used in conventional personal liquid cleanser
compositions at a level and supplied in a form that tend to impart a degree of color in
excess of that which is preferred for the compositions herein. The amphoteric surfac-
tants utilized in the present compositions should preferably be sufficiently colorless
so that the overall transmittance value of the final product is within the limits set
forth herein. Reduced color amphoteric surfactants raw materials can easily be
produced by those skilled in the art, for instance, by the use of cleaner, purer raw
materials and minimizing the period of time the surfactant or reaction mixture is
exposed to elevated temperature during m~nllf~cture of the surfactant. Suitable
surfactants are currently commercially available. e. g Tegobetaine (F Grade) from
Goldschmidt.
Preferably, the amphoteric surfactant, as we!l as the other surfactants added tothe composition, will exhibit an absorbance value in a 30 parts aqueous solution at
440nm in a l.Ocm path length of no greater than about 0.1, more preferably no
greater than about 0.05, most preferably no greater than about 0.035.
N-Acylamino Acid Surfactant
The mild personal liquid cleanser compositions of the present invention comprisefrom about . I parts to about 3 parts, preferable from about .25 parts to about 1 parts
of N-acyl amino acid surfactant.
N-acyl amino acid surfactants. for purposes hereof, include N-acyl hydrocarbyl
acids and salts thereof, such as those represented by Formula V, as follows:
o R2
Il I
Rl -C-N-(R3)n-COOM (V)
wherein: Rl is a Cg-C24 alkyl or alkenyl radical, preferably C12-CIg; R2 is -H, Cl-
C4 alkyl, phenyl, or -CH2COOM, preferably Cl-C4 alkyl, more preferably Cl-C2
alkyl; R3 is -CR42- or C I -C2 alkoxy, wherein each R4 independently is -H or C l-C6
alkyl or alkylester, and n is from I to 4, preferably I or 2; and M is -H or a cation as
previously defined, preferably an alkali metal such as sodium or potassium.
A wide variety of N-acyl acid surfactants and their synthesis are described in
Anionic Surfactants, Part II. Surfactant Science Series. Vol. VIL edited by Warner
M. Linfield~ Marcel Dekker, Inc. (New York and Basel), 1976; pp 581-617.
Especially preferred are compounds of Forumla V wherein R~ is methyl and R3
wo gS/lSlSo ~ 1 ~ 4 6 3 3 PCT/US94/13223
is -CH~-~ an n is 1~ which are known as the N-acyl sarcosinates. and acids thereof
Specific examples include lauroyl sarcosinate, myristoyl sarcosinate, cocoyl sarcosi-
nate, and oleoyl sarcosinate, preferably in their sodium and potassium salt forms.
For the purposes of the surfactants described herein, it should be understood
that the terms "alkyl" or "alkenyl" include mixtures of radicals which may contain one
or more intermediate linkages such as ether or polyether linkages or non-functional
substitutents such as hydroxyl or halogen radicals wherein the radical remains of
hydrophobic character.
Cationic cellulose ether derivatives
The mild personal liquid cleanser compositions of the present invention comprisefrom about 0.01 parts- to 0.5 parts, preferable from 0.02 parts - to 0.2 parts of a cat-
ionic cellulose ether derivative.
Cationic cellulose ether derivatives, for purposes hereof, is a polymeric
quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a trimethyl
ammonium substituted epoxide.
Foam enhancers are well known in the art. Polyquaternium- 10 (an industry term
designated by the Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CFTA) for a poly-
meric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a trimethyl
ammonium substituted epoxide is a prefered polymer for foam enhancement.
Polyquaternium-10 is commercially available from Union Carbide Corp. (Danbury,
Connecticut, USA) under their UCARE POLYMER JR series of materials, e.g.,
UCARE POLYMER JR-30M, JR-125, and JR400.
Water
The mild personal liquid cleanser composition hereof will also comprise water.
Generally, the composition will contain from about 50 parts to about 94 parts water,
and preferably about 76 parts to about 90 parts water.
Mild Personal liquid ~e^rl~er ComPositions
The mild personal liquid cleanser hereof is substantially free of alkyl sulfate sur-
fAct~nts since alkyl sulfates are relatively harsh to the skin. It is recognized that there
will generally be some alkyl sulfate present as a result of it being present in commer-
cially available alkyl ethoxylated sulfate raw materials. For example, commercially
available alkyl (3) ethoxylated sulfate typically contains about 20 parts by weight
alkyl sulfate; commercially available alkyl (2) ethoxylated sulfate, about 25 parts to
about 40 parts alkyl sulfate. For purposes hereof, substantially free of alkyl sulfate
means the compositions hereof should have an alkyl sulfate:alkyl ethoxylated sulfate
WO 95/15150 ~1~4 ~ 3 3 PCT/IIS94113223
(average degree of ethoxvlation of 2.5 and above) wei_ht ratio of no more than about
0.3 j, preferably no more than about 0.30. more preferably no more than about 0. 2 5.
For alkyl ethoxvlated sulfate with an average ethoxylation level of less than 2.5, the
ratio should be no more than about 0.40, preferably no more than about 0.35, more
preferably no more than about 0 30, most preferably no more than about 0.25. It is
preferred that no additional amount of alkyl sulfate be added other than that which
occurs inherently with the alkyl ethoxylated sulfate.
Narrow range ethoxylates can be used to lower the alkyl sulfate: alkyl
ethoxylated sulfate weight ratio. "Narrow range ethoxylates" refer to alkyl
ethoxylated sulfate surfactants that have been processed to reduce alkyl sulfates and,
optionally, alkyl ethoxylated sulfates outside of the desired range of ethoxylation.
The use of narrow range ethoxylates can be used to lower the alkyl sulfate:alkylethoxylated sulfate weight ratio, including to ratios as low as about 0.2 or even about
0.1, and less.
The present mild personal liquid cleanser compositions are preferably
substantially free of amide foam boosters such as fatty (e.g. C 12-c2o) mono-and di-
alkanol amides, since these materials can be harsh to the skin and are not needed in
the present compositions. "Substantially free of amide foam boosters" means the
compositions hereof can contain no more than about 1.0 parts, by weight of the
amide foam booster, preferably no more than about 0.5 parts, more preferably no
more than about 0.2 parts. Most preferably, no amide foam booster is added.
As a preferable aspect hereof, the mild personal liquid cleanser compositions are
substantially free of ammonia and primary amines. "Substantially free of ammonium
ions and free primary amines" means that the compositions hereof preferably contain
no more than about 0.1 parts, by weight, of ammonia (including ammonium ions) and
primary amines (including free amines and protonated primary amines), more prefer-
ably no more than about 0.05 parts.
It is also p,~r~lled that no other ingredients that are unduly harsh to the skin be
added to the mild mild personal liquid cleanser compositions hereof.
The mild personal liquid cleanser compositions of the present invention are pre-ferably colorless. and can remain substantially colorless over prolonged periods of
time. Subst~nti~lly colorless, as used herein, means the mild personal liquid cleansers
are both clear and are characterized by lack of color. More specifically, the mild per-
sonal liquid cleanser compositions hereof have a transmittance value at 420nm in a
2.5cm path length of no less than about 80 after storage at 38C for 30 days, prefer-
ably no less than about 85. Transmittance value is measured utilizing a spectropho-
tometer in accordance with conventional techniques known in the art.
WO 95/lS150 PCT/US94/13223
2~7463~
ll
Additional ln~redients
The compositions of the present invention can contain a wide variety of optionalingredients useful or known for use in the art for hand soaps and other mild personal
liquid cleanser compositions. Exemplary additional ingredients are described below.
Additional surfactants that can be used include other anionic, nonionic, and am-photeric surfactants, as well as zwitterionic and cationic surfactants.
Anionic Surfactants
A suitable class of anionic surfactants are the water-soluble, organic salts of the
general formula:
R I -SO3-M
wherein R I is chosen from the group consisting of a straight or branched chain, satu-
rated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 8 to about 24, preferably about
12 to about 18, carbon atoms; and M is a cation. Important examples are the salts of
an organic sulfuric acid reaction product of a hydrocarbon of the methane series, in-
cluding iso-, neo-, and n-paraffins, having about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, prefer-
ably about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms and a sulfonating agent, e.g., SO3, H2SO4,
oleum, obtained according to known sulfonation methods, including bleaching and
hydrolysis. Pref~ I ed are alkali metal sulfonated C 12- 18 pardlrms.
Additional examples of anionic surfactants which come within the terms of the
present invention are the reaction products of fatty acids esterified with isethionic
acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide where, for example, the fatty acids are
derived from coconut oil; sodium or potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl
tauride in which the fatty acids, for example, are derived from coconut oil. Other
anionic synthetic surfactants of this variety are set forth in U.S. Patents 2,486,921;
2,486,922; and 2,396,278; incorporated by reference.
Still other anionic surfactants include the class designated as succinamates. This
class includes such surface active agents as disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinamate,
tetrasodium N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecylsulfosuccinamate; diamyl ester of so-
dium sulfosuccinic acid; dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; dioctyl esters of
sodium sulfosuccinic acid.
Other suitable anionic surf~ct~ntc utilizable herein are olefin sulfonates having
about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms. The term "olefin sulfonates" is used herein to
mean compounds which can be produced by the sulfonation of a-olefins by means ofuncomplexed sulfur trioxide, followed by neutralization of the acid reaction mixture
in conditions such that any sulfones which have been formed in the reaction are
hydrolyzed to give the corresponding hydroxy-alkanesulfonates. The sulfur trioxide
21 746~3
WO 95/15150 PCT/US94/13223
can be liquid or gaseous. and is usually~ but not necessarily. diluted by inert diluents~
for example by liquid SO~, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc., when used in the liquid
form. or by air, nitrogen, gaseous SO2, etc., when used in the gaseous form.
Another class of anionic surfactants are the b-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates. Thesecompounds have the following formula: -
OR2 H
l l
Rl - C - C - SO3M
l l
H H
where Rl is a straight chain alkyl group having from about 6 to about 20 carbon at-
oms, R2 is a lower alkyl group having from about 1 (preferred) to about 3 carbon at-
oms, and M is a water-soluble cation.
Many additional synthetic anionic surfactants are described in McCutcheon's~
Emulsifiers and Deter~ents~ 1989 Annual~ published by M. C. Publishing Co., which
is incorporated herein by reference. Also U.S. Patent 3~929,678, Laughlin et al.~
issued December 30, 1975, discloses many other anionic as well as other surfactant
types and is incorporated herein by reference. Soaps, of course, also fall within the
scope of anionic detersive surfactants that can be used.
Nonionic Surfactants
A wide variety of nonionic surfactants can be used. Nonionic surfactants includethose broadly defined as compounds produced by the condensation of alkylene oxide
groups (hydrophilic in nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound, which may be
aliphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature. Examples of classes of nonionic surfactants are:
1. The polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, e.g., the
condensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about
6 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably from about 6 to about 12, in either a straight
chain or branched chain configuration, with ethylene oxide, the said ethylene oxide
being present in amounts equal to from about 10 to about 60 moles of ethylene oxide
per mole of alkyl phenol. The alkyl substituent in such compounds may be derivedfrom polymerized propylene, diisobutylene, octane, or nonane, for example.
2. Those derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with the product
resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine products which
may be varied in composition depending upon the balance between the hydrophobic
and hydrophilic elements which is desired. For example~ compounds containing from
about 40 parts to about 80 parts polyoxyethylene by weight and having a molecular
wo 9S/15150 ~ ~ 7 ~ 6 3 3 PCT/US94/13223
weight of from about 5 000 to about 11~000 resulting from the reaction of ethvlene
oxide groups with a hydrophobic base constituted of the reaction product of ethylene
diamine and excess propylene oxide. said base having a molecular weight of the order
of about ',500 to about 3,000, are satisfactory.
3. The condensation product of aliphatic alcohols having from about 8 to
about 18 carbon atoms, in either straight chain or branched chain configuration~ with
ethylene oxide, e.g., a coconut alcohol ethylene oxide condensate having from about
10 to about 30 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of coconut alcohol, the coconut
alcohol fraction having from about 10 to about 14 carbon atoms.
4. Long chain tertiary amine oxides corresponding to the following general
formula:
RIR2R3N ~ O
wherein Rl contains an alkyl. alkenyl or monohydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8
to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties, and from 0 to
about I glyceryl moiety, and R2 and R3 contain from about I to about 3 carbon
atoms and from 0 to about I hydroxy group, e.g., methyl. ethyl, propyl,
hydroxyethyl, or hydroxypropyl radicals. The arrow in the formula is a conventional
representation of a semipolar bond. Examples of amine oxides suitable for use in this
invention include dimethyl-dodecylamine oxide, oleyldi(2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide,
dimethyloctylamine oxide, dimethyl-decylamine oxide, dimethyl-tetradecylamine
oxide, 3,6,9-trioxaheptadecyldiethylamine oxide, di(2-hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine
oxide, 2-dodecoxyethyldimethylamine oxide, 3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi(3-
hydroxypropyl) amine oxide, dimethylhexadecylamine oxide.
5. Long chain tertiary phosphine oxides corresponding to the following gen-
eral formula:
RR'R"P ' O
wherein R contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxyalkyl radical ranging from about
8 to about 18 carbon atoms in chain length, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide
moieties and from 0 to about I glyceryl moiety and R' and R" are each alkyl or
monohydroxyalkyl groups containing from about I to about 3 carbon atoms. The
arrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semipolar bond. Examples
of suitable phosphine oxides are:
dodecyldimethylphosphine oxide, tetradecyldimethylphosphine oxide, tetradecylmeth-
ylethylphosphine oxide. 3,6,9,-trioxaoctadecyldimethylphosphine oxide,
cetyldimethylphosphine oxide, 3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)
phosphine oxide, stearyldimethylphosphine oxide, cetylethylpropylphosphine oxide,
oleyldiethylphosphine oxide. dodecyldiethylphosphine oxide,
WO 95/15150 ~ 1 7 4 6 ~ ~, PCT/US94/13223
14
tetradecvldiethvlphosphine oxide. dodecyldipropvlphosphine oxide
dodecyldi(hydroxymethyl)phosphine oxide, dodecyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)phosphine
oxide, tetradecylmethyl-2-hydroxypropylphosphine oxide, oleydimethylphosphine
oxide, 2-hydroxydodecyldimethylphosphine oxide.
6. Long chain dialkyl sulfoxides containing one short chain alkyl or hydroxy
alkyl radical of from about I to about 3 carbon atoms (usually methyl) and one long
hydrophobic chain which include alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy alkyl, or keto alkyl radicals
containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene
oxide moieties and from 0 to about I glyceryl moiety. Examples include: octadecyl
methyl sulfoxide, 2-ketotridecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3,6,9,-trixaoctadecyl 2-
hydroxyethyl sulfoxide, dodecyl methyl sulfoxide, oleyl 3-hydroxypropyl sulfoxide,
tetradecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3-methoxytridecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3-hydroxytridecyl
methyl sulfoxide, 3-hydroxy-4-dodecoxybutyl methyl sulfoxide
7. Polysorbates, e.g., sucrose esters of fatty acids. Such materials are described
in U S. Patent 3,480,616, e.g., sucrose cocoate (a mixture of sucrose esters of a
coconut acid, consisting primarily of monoesters, and sold under the tradenames
GRILLOTEN LSE 87K from RITA, and CRODESTA SL-40 from Croda).
8. Alkyl polysaccharide nonionic surf~ct~nts are disclosed in U. S. Patent
4,565,647, Llenado, issued January 21, 1986, having a hydrophobic group containing
from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 16 carbon
atoms and a polysaccharide, e.g., a polyglycoside, hydrophilic group. The polysac-
charide can contain from about 1.0 to about 10, preferably from about 1.3 to about 3,
most preferably from about 1.3 to about 2.7 saccharide units. Any reducing
saccharide cont~ining 5 or 6 carbon atoms can be used, e.g., glucose, galactose and
galactosyl moieties can be substituted for the glucosyl moieties. (Optionally the
hydrophobic group is attached at the 2-, 3-, 4-, etc. positions thus giving a glucose or
galactose as opposed to a glucoside or galactoside.) The intersaccharide bonds can
be, e.g., between the one position of the additional saccharide units and the 2-, 3-, 4-,
and/or 6-positions on the preceding saccharide units.
Optionally, and less desirably, there can be a polyalkyleneoxide chain joining the
hydrophobic moiety and the polysaccharide moiety. The p~erelled alkyleneoxide isethylene oxide. Typical hydrophobic groups include alkyl groups, either saturated or
unsaturated, branched or unbranched containing from about 8 to about 18, preferably
from about 10 to about 16, carbon atoms. Preferably, the alkyl group is a straight
chain saturated alkyl group. The alkyl group can contain up to about 3 hydroxy
groups and/or the polyalkyleneoxide chain can contain up to about 10, preferably less
than 5, alkylene moieties. Suitable alkyl polysaccharides are octyl, nonyldecyl, un-
wo 95/15150 ~ 1 ~ 4 ~ 3 3 PCTIUS94113223
decyldodecyl, tridecvl. tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, and octadecyl,di-. tri-, tetra-, penta-. and hexaglucosides, galactosides, lactosides, glucoses, fructo-
sides, fructoses and/or galactoses. Suitable mixtures include coconut alkyl, di-. tri-,
tetra-, and pentagluscosides and tallow alkyl, tetra-, penta-, and hexaglucosides.
9. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) glyceryl fatty esters, as depicted by the formula
RC(O)OCH2CH(OH)CH2(OCH2CH2) OH wherein n is from about 5 to about 200,
preferably from about 20 to about 100, more preferably from about 30 to about 85,
and RC(O)- is an ester wherein R comprises an aliphatic radical having from about 7
to 19 carbon atoms, preferably from about 9 to 17 carbon atoms, more preferably
from about ll to 17 carbon atoms, most preferably from about 11 to 14 carbon
atoms. The combinations of n from about 20 to about 100, with C12-CIg,
preferably C 1 2-C 15 fatty esters, for mi~ i7ed adverse effect on foaming, is
preferred.
Suitable glyceryl fatty ester portions of these surfactants include glyceryl
cocoate, glyceryl tallowate, glyceryl palmate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl laurate,
glyceryl oleate, glyceryl ricinoleate, and glyceryl fatty esters derived from
triglycerides, such as palm oil, almond oil, and corn oil.
Other surfactants that can be used include soluble cationic surfactants, such asquaternary ammonium surfactants, and other amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants
known to those in the art.
Conditionin~ A~ent
Optional components include from 0.1 to 1.5 parts of conditioning agents such
as vegetable oils prepared from non-conjugated polyunsaturated fatty esters which
are conjugated and elaidinized then modified by Dies-Alder addition with a member
of the group consisting of acrylic acid, fumaric acid and maleic anhydride. The
adducts and their preparation are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,740,367, Force, et
al., April 26, 1988, incorporated herein by reference, the adducts being marketed
under the trade name Ceraphyl GA (Van Dyke). Preferred vegetable oil adducts arethose prepared from soybean oil and adducts derived by Dies-Alder addition of vege-
table oils with fumaric acid. A plerelled method of preparing adducts herein is to
react two moles of vegetable oil with one mole of the dienophile in the presence of
catalytic amounts of iodine, the conjugation and elaidinization agent. This produces
a 50:50 blend of adduct together with the disproportionated (conjugated) vegetable
oil.
Another component includes the addition of petrolatum. Petrolatum can be any
grade of white or yellow petrolatum recognized in the art as suitable for human appli-
WO 95/15150 ~ 1 7 ~ 6 3 ~ PCT/US94/13223
16
cation. The preferred type is USP Class III with a melting point between 122 and135 F (50 and 57 C). Such a material is commercially available as Penreco SnowWhite Pet USP. The petrolatum in this invention includes hydrocarbon mixtures
formulated with mineral oils in combination with paraffin waxes of various meltin,g
points. Preferred conditioning agents of this type are disclosed in U.S. Patent
Application Serial No. 07/909,834, Dias, et al., filed July 7, 1992, and U.S. Patent
Application Serial No. 07/909,877, Kacher, et al., filed July 7, 1992, allowed and
incorporated herein by reference.
Examples of other moisturizers include the water soluble hexadecyl, myristyl,
isodecyl or isopropyl esters of adipic, lactic, oleic, stearic, myristic or linoleic acids,
as well as many of their corresponding alcohol esters (sodium isostearoyl-2-lactylate,
sodium capryl lactylate), polyethyleneglycol esters such as PEG (6) caprylic/capryl
glycerate (Softigan 767), hydrolyzed protein and other collagen-derived proteins,
aloe vera gel and acetamide MEA.
An optional component hereof is a soluble conditioning agent suitable for condi-tioning hair or skin. Skin conditioning proteolytic enzyme can also be used.
Suitable conditioners include, for example, soluble polyether siloxane
copolymer, such as a polypropylene oxide modified dimethylpolysiloxane (e.g., Dow
Corning DC-1248), although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and
propylene oxide may also be used. The ethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide level
must be sufficiently high to provide solubility in water and the composition hereof.
Antibacterial A~ent
The antibacterial agent when used can be present at a level of from about
0.01% to about 4%, typically from about 0.1% to about 2%, and preferably from
about 0.5% to about 1%. The level is selected to provide the desired level of
antibacterial activity and can be modified as desired. The preferred antibacterial
agent is 2-hydroxy-4,2',4'-trichlorodiphenylether (TCS). Other halogenated
antibacterial agents are set out below. Many antibacterial agents, known to those
skilled in the art and disclosed in, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,835,057 and 4,714,S63, both
incorporated hereinbefore by reference, may be used.
Suitable antibacterial agents include:
2-hydroxy-4.2',4'-trichlorodiphenylether (TCS);
2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxychlorobenzene (PCMX);
3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TCC);
3-trifluoromethyl-4,4'-dichlorocarbanilide (TFC);
2,2'-dihvdroxy-3~3',5~5',6,6'-hexachlorodiphenylmethane;
wo 95/15150 2 ~ 7 4 6 3 3 PCT/US94/13223
dihydroxv-3 3 '. 5 . 5 '-tetrachlorodiphenylmethane;
~,2'-dihydroxy-3.3',dibromo-5,5'-dichlorodiphenylmethane;
2-hydroxy-4,4'-dichlorodiphenylether;
2-hydroxy-3,5',~-tribromodiphenylether; and
I -hydroxyl-4-methyl-6-(2,4~4-trimethylpentyl)-2( I H)-pyridinone
(Octopirox).
Other OPtional Components
The skin cleansers herein can contain a variety of nonessential, optional
ingredients suitable for improving such compositions in a variety of ways. Such
conventional, optional ingredients are well known to those skilled in the art, e.g.,
antibacterial agents and preservatives such as ~IDM Hydantoin, benzyl alcohol,
methyl paraben, propyl paraben, 3-isothiazolines (Kathon CG sold by Rohm and
Haas), imidazolidinyl urea, methylchloroisothiazolinone, and methylisothiazolinone
can be used in amounts of from I to 5,000 ppm; thickeners and viscosity modifiers
such as sodium sulfate, polyethylene glycols, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride,
carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and ethyl alcohol;
suspending agents such as magnesium/aluminum silicate; perfumes, dyes; opacifiers
such as ethylene glycol distearate, glycol monostearate, styrene acrylate copolymer,
mica, behenic acid, and calcium stearate; sequestering agents such as disodium
ethlyenediamine tetr~cet~te; emollients, moisturizers and various other skin treating
ingredients such as glycerin; buffers and builders such as citrates and phosphates. If
present, such agents individually generally comprise from about 0.01% to about 5%
by weight of the composition.
ImPlement
A body puff or sponge which is made of nylon mesh in the shape of a round sponge(about 4.5 inches in diameter) which when used in conjunction with this invention, is
an effective system which enhances the delivery of mild skin cleansing and skin
conditioning benefits. Such a puff is manufactured by the sponge factory (Bilange).
The puff is comprised of three pieces of extruded tubular netting (scrim) which is
folded numerous times to form a soft ball-like sponge, with a nylon rope attached. A
suitable system of this type is disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Serial No.
08/080,668. filed June 18, 1993, Gordon, et al.
Preferences
This lists the preference levels of the raw materials from a low level to a mid
3~J
WO 95/15150 PCT/US94/13223
i~
level to a high level as used in the preferred bar of the present invention: . .
Water/Solvent is low at 50 - 76 parts; medium at 76 - 90 parts and high at 90- 94
parts.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is an Amphoteric and is low at 3 - 4 parts; midium at 4 -8 parts and high at 8 - 10 parts.
MES*/Anionic is low at 3 - 4 parts; mid at 4 - 8 parts and high at 8 - 10 parts.N-acylamino acid surfactant/Anionic lather booster is 0.1 - 0.25; 0 25 - 1; and I -
3 parts, respectively.
Polymer JR**/Polymeric lather booster: 0.01- 0.02; 0.02 - 0.2; and 0.2 - 0.5 parts
respectively.
Sodium Sulfate/Thickener #2: 0.1 - 1; 1 - 3; 3 - 5 parts respectively.
Polyol Alkoxy Ester/Thickener # 1: 0.0 - 0.1; 0.1 - 0.5; 0.5 - 1.0 parts respectively
Citric Acid/pH adjuster
DMDM Hydantoin~Preservative
Tetra Sodium EDTA~Preservative
Fragrance~Perfume
* Mild ethoxylated surfactants
** A cationic cellulose ether derivative
METHOD OF USE
In its method aspect, the present invention comprises a method of washing the
skin by contacting the skin with an amount of the cleanser compositions herein which
is effective to clean the skin and rinsing the excess cleanser from the skin. Aneffective amount for any individual will depend upon variable factors such as amount
of soil on the skin, type of soil on the skin, level of surfactant in the cleanser
composition, etc. Generally, an effective amount will be from about 0.5 to about 5
grams per use.
EXAMPLES
The following Examples further describe and demonstrate the p, t:rel, ed embodi-ments within the scope of the present invention. The Examples are given solely for
the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present
invention as many variations thereof are possible without departing from its spirit and
scope.
WO 95/15150 217 ~ ~ ~ 3 PCT/US94/13223
19
Table 1:
Example 1: This example has ultra mildness because the relative levels of
Cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium laureth sulfate are close to one another.
Mildness is optimized when these two surfactants are close to a one to one anionic to
amphoteric ratio on a molar basis. These two surfactants have comparable molecular
weights.
Example 2: This example shows that mildness can be sustained even when raising
surfactant levels of sodium laureth sulfate and sodium lauroyl sarcosinate. It is
important to keep the relative ratio of cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium laureth
sulfate close to one another (e.g., this ratio can range from 2:1 to 1:1.5; preferably
1:5:1 to 1:1.5).
Example 3: This example shows mildness being further enhanced by the further addi-
tion of polymer. Polymer acts as a humectant, preventing moisture loss from the
skin. It also reduces the penetration of surfactant into the stratum corneum.
Comparative Example A: A leading commerically available liquid hand soap.
Table 1: Mildness examples
Example I Example 2 Example 3
Water 84.10 83.15 84.05
Cocamidopropyl Betaine 6.0 6.0 6.0
SodiumLaureth Sulfate 5 8 6.3 5.8
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate 0.5 1.0 0.5
Lauryl Polyglucose -- -- --
PEG-120 Methylglucose Dioleate -- -- --
Polyquaternium 10 0.05 0.01 0.1
Sodium Sulfate 2.5 2.5 2.5
Sodium Chloride -- -- --
Polyol Alkoxy Ester 0.3 0.3 0.3
Citric Acid 0.25 0.25 0.25
DMDM Hydantoin 0.2 0.2 0.2
Tetra Sodium EDTA 0.1 0.1 0.1
Fragrance 0.2 0.2 0.2
Mildness rating 1 103 102 131
Table IA:
Comparative
Ex. I Example A
~17~33
WO 95/15150 ~ ~ PCT/US94/13223
~0
Water 84.10 86.70
Cocamidopropyl Betaine 6.0 3.1
Sodium Laureth Sulfate 5 . 8 7 5
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate 0. 5 --
Lauryl Polyglucose I . I o
PEG-120 Methylglucose Dioleate -- 0.80
Polyquaternium 10 0.05
Sodium Sulfate 2. 5 2 . 5--
Sodium Chloride -- 0.20
Polyol Alkoxy Ester 0.3 0.3--
Citric Acid 0.25 0.20
DMDM Hydantoin 0.2 0.20
Tetra Sodium EDTA 0. 1 0. 10
Fragrance 0.2 0.1 0
Ex. 4 Ex. S
Mildness ratingl 103 53
As tested by a luminescent bacteria toxicity test (LBT), provided under the trade
name of Microtox(~). The higher the number rating implies elevated mildness.
References include:
Wilcox,K.W, Bruner, L.H. (1990). The Luminescent Bacteria Toxicity Test: Its
Potential as an in Vitro Alternative. ATLA 18, 1 17-128.
Table 2:
Example 4: This example shows that the product can have more sodium laureth sul-
fate than cocamidopropyl betaine.
Example 5: This example shows that the product can have more cocamidopropyl
betaine than sodium laureth sulfate.
Table 2:
Example 4 Example 5
Water 84.40 85.40
Cocamidopropyl Betaine 4 6
Sodium Laureth Sulfate 6 4
SodiumLauroyl Sarcosinate 2
Polyquaternium 10 0.05 0.05
Sodium Sulfate 2. 5 2. 5
Polyol Alkoxy Ester 0.3 0.3
Citric Acid 0.25 0.25
D~vIDM Hydantoin 0.2 0.2
WogS/lSlSO 2 ~ i: 463 3 PCT/US94/13223
~1
Tetra Sodium EDTA 0.1 0.1
Fragrance 0.2 0.2
Table 3:
Example 6: This example shows increased the lather generation when
Polyquaternium- 10 is in the presence of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate. These two
materials interact in such a way as to unexpectedly boost lather volumes. The full
volume potential is not reached when both of these materials are not present.
Example 7: This example shows the low lather generation when both Sodium
Lauroyl Sarcosinate and Polyquaternium- 10 are not present.
Example 8: This example shows low lather generation when Sodium Lauroyl
Sarcosinate is not present.
Example 9: This example shows low lather generation when Polyquaternium-10 is
not present.
Co~pa~alive Example A: A leading commercially available liquid hand soap.
Table 3: Lather examples
Example6 Example 7 Example 8 Example9
Water 83.65 84.75 84.65 83.75
Cocamidopropyl Betaine 6.0 5.8 5.8 6.0
Sodium Laureth Sulfate 5.8 6.0 6.0 5.8
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate 1.0 -- -- 1.0
Lauryl Polyglucose -- -- -- --
PEG-120 Methylglucose Dioleate -- -- -- --
Polyquaternium 10 0.1 -- 0.1 --
Sodium Sulfate 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
Sodium Chloride -- -- -- --
Polyol Alkoxy Ester 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Citric Acid 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
DMDM Hydantoin 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Tetra Sodium EDTA 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. I
Fragrance 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Lather in ml2 440 280 310 300
Table 3A Comparative Example A:
WO95/15150 ~7 4~3 PCT/US94/13223
A leadin_ commericallv available liquid hand soap.
Table 3A: Lather examples
Comparative
Example 6 Example A
Water 83.65 86.70
Cocamidopropyl Betaine 6.0 3.1
Sodium Laureth Sulfate 5 . 8 7. 5
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate 1.0 --
Lauryl Polyglucose -- 1. 10
PEG-120 Methylglucose Dioleate -- 0.80
Polyquaternium 10 0.1 --
Sodium Sulfate 2.5 --
Sodium Chloride -- 0.20
Polyol Alkoxy Ester 0.3 --
Citric Acid 0.25 0.2
DMDM Hydantoin 0.2 0.2
Tetra Sodium EDTA 0.1 0.1
Fragrance 0.2 0.1
Lather in ml2 440 300
Lather generation in milliliters resulting in rotating cylinders with the test substance
in the presence of water and a soil load.
Example 10: This example shows lather generation can be increased by increasing
the level of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate. The presence of Polyquaterrlium 10 is
needed to see an unexpected lather boost.
Example I 1: This example shows higher levels of Polyquaternium 10.
Table 4:
Example 10 Example 1 1
Water 81.60 83.95
Cocamidopropyl Betaine 6 . 0 6 . 0
Sodium Laureth Sulfate 5.8 5.8
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate 3.0 0.5
Polyquaternium 10 0.05 0.2
wo 95/15150 ~1 7 ~ 6 3 3 PCT/US94/13223
Sodium Sulfate 2 5 2 5
Polyol Alkoxy Ester 0.3 0 3
Citric Acid 0.25 025
DMDM Hydantoin 0 2 0 2
Tetra Sodium EDTA 0 1 0 1
Fragrance 0 2 0 2
Table 5:
Example 12: This table gives an example of a possible use for this product as anantibacterial.
Table 5: Antibacterial example
Example I I
Water 84 40
Cocamidopropyl Betaine 5 0
Sodium Laureth Sulfate 5.0
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate 2 0
Polyquaternium 10 0.05
Sodium Sulfate 2.5
Polyol Alkoxy Ester 0 3
Citric Acid 0.25
DMDM Hydantoin 0.2
Tetra Sodium EDTA 0 1
Fragrance 0.2
Triclosan 0 2
Antibacterial liquid cleansers made in accordance with this invention are ultra mild
