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Sommaire du brevet 2198437 

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Disponibilité de l'Abrégé et des Revendications

L'apparition de différences dans le texte et l'image des Revendications et de l'Abrégé dépend du moment auquel le document est publié. Les textes des Revendications et de l'Abrégé sont affichés :

  • lorsque la demande peut être examinée par le public;
  • lorsque le brevet est émis (délivrance).
(12) Brevet: (11) CA 2198437
(54) Titre français: BORDURE EN ALUMINIUM REFLECHISSANTE
(54) Titre anglais: REFLECTIVE ALUMINUM TRIM
Statut: Périmé et au-delà du délai pour l’annulation
Données bibliographiques
(51) Classification internationale des brevets (CIB):
  • G8B 5/00 (2006.01)
(72) Inventeurs :
  • SERAFIN, DANIEL L. (Etats-Unis d'Amérique)
(73) Titulaires :
  • ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA
(71) Demandeurs :
  • ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA (Etats-Unis d'Amérique)
(74) Agent: SMART & BIGGAR LP
(74) Co-agent:
(45) Délivré: 2000-05-02
(22) Date de dépôt: 1997-02-25
(41) Mise à la disponibilité du public: 1997-08-27
Requête d'examen: 1997-03-21
Licence disponible: S.O.
Cédé au domaine public: S.O.
(25) Langue des documents déposés: Anglais

Traité de coopération en matière de brevets (PCT): Non

(30) Données de priorité de la demande:
Numéro de la demande Pays / territoire Date
08/607,061 (Etats-Unis d'Amérique) 1996-02-26

Abrégés

Abrégé français

ordure réfléchissante en aluminium pour utilisation sur les automobiles, les camions, les embarcations et un assortiment d'appareils industriels et électroménagers fabriquée en formant une bande d'aluminium en une forme désirée, suivi d'une application sélective d'un revêtement sur la surface exposée de la bande formée. La bordure ainsi formée comprend une surface exposée d'aluminium très réfléchissante recouverte d'un revêtement ayant une image réfléchie d'une grande netteté. Dans un modèle préféré, une partie de la bande d'aluminium formée est recouverte d'un thermoplastique tel qu'un plastique vinylique. Le thermoplastique est de préférence installé sur la bande d'aluminium par coextrusion en utilisant un adhésif pour coller le thermoplastique directement sur une partie non recouverte de la surface d'aluminium. Avant l'application du thermoplastique, une simple étape de traitement thermique peut être utilisée pour polymériser le revêtement et l'adhésif.


Abrégé anglais


Reflective aluminum trim for use in automobiles,
trucks, boats and a variety of household and industrial
appliances is produced by forming aluminum strip into a
desired shape, followed by selective application of a
protective coating to the show surface of the shaped strip.
The resultant trim piece includes a highly reflective
aluminum show surface covered with the protective coating
having a high distinctness of reflected image. In a
preferred embodiment, a portion of the shaped aluminum strip
is covered with a thermoplastic such as vinyl. The
thermoplastic is preferably co-extruded onto the shaped
aluminum strip using an adhesive to bond the thermoplastic
directly to an un-coated portion of the aluminum surface.
Prior to application of the thermoplastic, a single heating
step may be used to cure both the protective coating and the
adhesive.

Revendications

Note : Les revendications sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.


17
THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of making reflective aluminum trim
comprising:
providing a substantially flat aluminum strip having a
surface;
forming the aluminum strip into a shaped strip;
applying a protective coating comprising a fluoropolymer
to a selected portion of the surface of the shaped strip,
said selected portion comprising less than the entirety of
said surface; and
covering a portion of the shaped strip with a
thermoplastic selected from the group consisting of
copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile (SAN); terpolymers of
styrene, acrylonitrile, and diene rubber (ABS); copolymers of
styrene and acrylonitrile modified with acrylate elastomers
(ASA); copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile modified with
ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber (ASE);
polyvinyl chloride (PVC); chlorinated polyvinyl chloride
(CPVC); siloxane cross-linked to form silicone rubber; nylon;
polycarbonate (PC); polybutylene terphthalate (PBT);
polyethylene terephthalate (PET); aromatic polyesters;
polyetherester segmented copolymers; polyurethane (PUR);
polyphenylene oxide (PPO); polyacetals (POM); copolymer of
styrene and maleic anhydride (SMA); polymers of acrylic acid,
methacrylic acid, acrylic esters, and methacrylic esters;
polyolefins; polyamideimide; polyacrylonitrile;
polyarylsulfone; polyestercarbonate; polyetherimide;
polyether-ketone (PEK); polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK);
polyphenyl sulfide; and polysulfone, thereby to form
reflective aluminum trim having at least one show surface
comprising an aluminum surface covered with the protective

18
coating and not covered by said thermoplastic, and a layer of
said thermoplastic adhered directly to the aluminum surface.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the protective
coating is applied to a substantially uncoated surface of the
shaped strip.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially
flat aluminum strip comprises an aluminum alloy selected from
the group consisting of Aluminum Association 1XXX, 3XXX,
5XXX, 6XXX and 7XXX alloys.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the aluminum alloy
is selected from Aluminum Association alloys 1050, 3002,
3003, 5182, 5252, 5552, 5657, 6306 and 7029.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the aluminum strip
is formed into the shaped strip by roll forming to thereby
form at least one bend radius along the length of the strip.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the protective
coating is applied to the shaped strip by rolling.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the protective
coating is cured prior to covering the shaped strip with the
thermoplastic.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the protective
coating comprises a light permeable fluoropolymer.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the protective
coating is applied only to the show surface of the aluminum
trim.

19
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the shaped strip is
conversion coated prior to applying the protective coating.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the shaped strip is
anodized prior to applying the protective coating.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the shaped strip is
covered with thermoplastic by co-extruding the shaped strip
and the thermoplastic.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic
comprises polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
14. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying
adhesive to at least a portion of the shaped strip before the
shaped strip is covered with the thermoplastic.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the adhesive is
cured before the shaped strip is covered with thermoplastic.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the adhesive is
applied only to a selected portion of the surface of the
shaped strip which is subsequently covered with the
thermoplastic.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein the adhesive
comprises an acrylate-based adhesive.
18. The method of claim 14, wherein the protective
coating is applied only to a first selected portion of the
surface of the shaped strip and the adhesive is applied only

20
to a second selected portion of the surface of the shaped
strip.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the first and
second selected portions of the surface of the shaped strip
do not overlap.
20. The method of claim 18, wherein the protective
coating and adhesive are cured before the shaped strip is
covered with the thermoplastic.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the protective
coating and adhesive are cured by heating the protective
coating and the adhesive at substantially the same time.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the protective
coating and the adhesive are heated to a temperature of from
about 450 to about 500° F.
23. The method of claim 1, further comprising cutting
the reflective aluminum strip to length after the shaped
strip is covered with the thermoplastic.
24. The method of claim 23, further comprising bending
the length of reflective aluminum trim to form a curved trim
piece.
25. A method of making reflective aluminum trim
comprising:
providing a substantially flat aluminum strip having a
surface;
forming the aluminum strip into a shaped strip having at
least one bend radius along the length thereof;

21
applying a fluoropolymer protective coating over a
selected first portion of the surface of the shaped strip,
said selected portion comprising less than the entirety of
said surface;
covering a second portion of the surface of the shaped
strip with a thermoplastic selected from the group consisting
of copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile (SAN); terpolymers
of styrene, acrylonitrile, and diene rubber (ABS); copolymers
of styrene and acrylonitrile modified with acrylate
elastomers (ASA); copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile
modified with ethylene propylene dime monomer (EPDM) rubber
(ASE); polyvinyl chloride (PVC); chlorinated polyvinyl
chloride (CPVC); siloxane cross-linked to form silicone
rubber; nylon; polycarbonate (PC); polybutylene terephthalate
(PBT); polyethylene terephthalate (PET); aromatic polyesters;
polyetherester segmented copolymers; polyurethane (PUR);
polyphenylene oxide (PPO); polyacetals (POM); copolymer of
styrene and malefic anyhydride (SMA); polymers of acrylic
acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic esters, and methacrylic
esters; polyolefins; polyamide-imide; polyacrylonitrile;
polyarylsulfone; polyester-carbonate, polyetherimide;
polyether-ketone (PEK); polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK);
polyphenyl sulfide; and polysulfone; and
cutting the shaped strip into a plurality of trim pieces
comprising at least one aluminum show surface covered with
the protective coating and not covered by said thermoplastic.
26. The method of claim 25, further comprising applying
adhesive on a selected longitudinally extending portion of
the shaped strip; and
applying said thermoplastic against the adhesive to bond
the thermoplastic on the shaped strip.

22
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the adhesive is
applied only to the portion of the shaped strip to which the
thermoplastic is subsequently applied.
28. The method of claim 26, wherein the protective
coating is applied to the shaped strip before the adhesive is
applied to the shaped strip, and the protective coating and
adhesive are cured simultaneously by passing the shaped strip
through a heating means.
29. The method of claim 25, wherein the show surface of
the reflective aluminum trim has a distinctness of reflected
image of at least 80%.
30. The method of claim 25, wherein the substantially
flat aluminum strip has a thickness of from about 0.01 inch
to about 0.05 inch.

Description

Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.


._ -1- ;2198437
REFLECTIVE ALUMINUM TRIM
The present invention relates to a method of
making highly reflective metal strips, and in
particular to a method of making reflective aluminum
trim for use in automobiles, trucks, boats and a
variety of household and industrial appliances.
Decorative trim is widely used in
automobiles, trucks, boats and a variety of household .
and industrial appliances. Such decorative trim has
conventionally been made from stainless steel due to
its high reflectance, corrosion resistance and
durability. However, the relatively high cost of
.stainless steel has prompted its replacement with
aluminum trim. In addition to cost savings, the use of
aluminum trim instead of stainless steel can result in
weight savings for automobiles, trucks and the like.
U.S. Patent No. 5,290,424
discloses a method of
making shaped reflective aluminum strip protected by an
anodic oxide coating and a light-permeable
fluoropolymer coating. The method involves the steps
of bright rolling aluminum alloy sheet, anodizing to
prepare the surface of the sheet for subsequent
coating, applying a fluoropolymer protective coating to
the sheet, slitting the coated sheet to form strips,
and roll forming the coated strips. After roll
forming, adhesive is applied to the coated strips and
than cured. A co-extrusion process is then used to
apply a thermoplastic such as vinyl to the coated

y 21 9 84 37
- 2 -
aluminum strips. While the disclosed method produces
highly reflective aluminum trim with good durability,
it is relatively expensive due to the large number of
manufacturing steps involved. In addition, the
fluoropolymer protective coating must be applied to the
entire surface of the aluminum sheet instead of
selected portions of the formed strips, which adds to
the cost of the final product.
U.S. Patent No. 5,478,414
discloses a method of
making shaped reflective aluminum strip similar to the
process disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,290,424, except
the surface cleaning and protective coating steps are
combined into one operation. In this process, the
aluminum alloy sheet is cleaned, chrome conversion
coated, and roll coated with a fluoropolymer protective
coating, all in one operation. The coated aluminum
sheet is then slit to width and roll formed in a
similar manner as disclosed in Patent No. 5,290,424. A
corona discharge is used to treat the coated strip
prior to application of the adhesive.
Elsewhere there is disclosed a method of
making shaped reflective aluminum strip similar to that
set forth in Patent No. 5,478,414, with the.exceptiow
that a chrome-free conversion coating is used and
corona treatment is not necessary prior to application
of the adhesive.
In each of the above-referenced disclosures,
the fluoropolymer protective coating is applied to at
least one entire side of the aluminum sheet, followed
by slitting to width and subsequent roll forming.
Since a large portion of the aluminum strip is
subsequently covered with vinyl to form the final trim
piece, the application of the fluoropolymer protective
coating over the entire surface of the aluminum sheet
~: . ._ -. . . _ -

2198431
- 3 -
represents an unnecessary expense. In addition, it is
difficult to adhere vinyl to the fluoropolymer
protective coating. Corona discharge treatments and/or
specialized adhesives are thus preferably used to
adhere the vinyl to the fluoropolymer coating.
Furthermore, since the strips are roll formed after the
fluoropolymer protective coating is applied, the
protective coating must be able to withstand crazing,
debonding and other deleterious effects of the forming
operation, which may result in a final coating that has
less than optimum hardness.
Despite the above-noted processes, a need
still exists for producing low-cost reflective aluminum
trim with a minimum number of manufacturing steps. The
present invention addresses these needs as well as
other deficiencies of the prior art.
The present invention provides a method of
making reflective aluminum trim wherein substantially
flat aluminum strip is formed into a desired shape,
followed by application of a protective coating to a
selected portion of the shaped strip. This processing
sequence eliminates problems such as crazing and
debonding of the protective coating associated with
prior aluminum trim-forming processes.
In accordance with a preferred method, the
protective coating is applied only to the show surface
of the shaped aluminum strip, resulting in material
cost savings. As used herein, the term "show surface"
means the surface that is visible when the trim is
installed, and which is not covered with thermoplastic.
When the trim is installed part of the thermoplastic
may be visible, but is not considered part of the show
surface. The protective coating provides durability
and weatherability to the aluminum show surface while
not substantially degrading the highly reflective
characteristics of the aluminum surface.
After the protective coating is applied, a

v ,.2198437
- 4 -
thermoplastic material such as vinyl may be applied to
the shaped aluminum strip, preferably on a selected
portion of the surface which has not previously been
covered by the protective coating. In this manner, the
thermoplastic layer may be adhered directly to the
aluminum surface, thereby avoiding difficulties
associated with adhering the thermoplastic to the
protective coating.
aim of the present invention is to
provide an improved method of making reflective
aluminum trim.
Another aim of the present invention is to
provide a method of making reflective aluminum trim
including the steps of providing a substantially flat
15, aluminum strip, forming.the aluminum strip into a
shaped strip, applying a protective coating to the
shaped strip, and covering at least a portion of the
shaped strip with a thermoplastic to form reflective
aluminum trim having at least one aluminum show surface
covered with the protective coating.
Another aim of the present invention is to
provide a method of making reflective aluminum trim
including the steps of providing a substantially flat
aluminum strip, forming the aluminum strip into a
shaped strip having at least one bend radius along the
length thereof, applying a protective coating aver a
selected portion of the shaped strip, and cutting the
shaped strip into a plurality of trim pieces comprising
at least one aluminum show surface covered with the
protective coating.
Another aim of the present invention is to
provide reflective aluminum trim comprising a shaped
aluminum strip, a protective coating covering a
selected longitudinally extending portion of the shaped
aluminum strip, and a thermoplastic layer covering
another selected longitudinally extending portion of
the shaped aluminum strip.
~c,~,
.A ._ -. . . ._

~ 2198437
These and other aims of the present invention will
become more readily understood by reference to the following
detailed description.
The invention provides a method of making reflective
5 aluminum trim comprising: providing a substantially flat
aluminum strip having a surface; forming the aluminum strip into
a shaped strip; applying a protective coating comprising a
fluoropolymer to a selected portion of the surface of the shaped
strip, said selected portion comprising less than the entirety
of said surface; and covering a portion of the shaped strip with
a thermoplastic selected from the group consisting of copolymers
of styrene and acrylonitrile (SAN); terpolymers of styrene,
acrylonitrile, and diene rubber (ABS); copolymers of styrene and
acrylonitrile modified with acrylate elastomers (ASA);
copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile modified with ethylene
propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber (ASE); polyvinyl chloride
(PVC); chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC); siloxane cross-
linked to form silicone rubber; nylon; polycarbonate (PC);
polybutylene terphthalate (PBT); polyethylene terephthalate
(PET); aromatic polyesters; polyetherester segmented copolymers;
polyurethane (PUR); polyphenylene oxide (PPO); polyacetals
(POM); copolymer of styrene and malefic anhydride (SMA); polymers
of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic esters, and
methacrylic esters; polyolefins; polyamideimide;
polyacrylonitrile; polyarylsulfone; polyestercarbonate;
polyetherimide; polyether-ketone (PEK); polyether-ether-ketone
(PEEK); polyphenyl sulfide; and polysulfone, thereby to form
reflective aluminum trim having at least one show surface
comprising an aluminum surface covered with the protective
coating and not covered by said thermoplastic, and a layer of
said thermoplastic adhered directly to the aluminum surface.
Fig. 1 is a general schematic illustration of a prior
art process for forming reflective aluminum strips wherein a
3

~. 2198437
5a
fluoropolymer protective coating is applied to the entire
surface of an aluminum sheet, followed by slitting of the
aluminum sheet to form strips having the desired width. Such
coated strips are then conventionally roll formed to provide
shaped pieces which are subsequently partially covered with
vinyl in a co-extrusion process to form the final trim piece.
Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of an aluminum
trim-forming process in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary
aluminum trim piece having an aluminum show surface. The trim
piece is partially covered with vinyl in accordance with an
embodiment of the present invention.
This invention relates generally to the production of
a shaped aluminum article having highly reflective, mirror-like
characteristics suitable for use as decorative trim in
automobiles, trucks, boats, appliances and the like. As used
herein, the term "highly reflective" means that the surface is
characterized by a high distinctness of reflected image (D/I).
For example, the distinctivesness of reflected image may be at
least 50% and preferably at least 70%. More preferably, the
distinctness of reflected image is at least 80%.
Processes for fabricating decorative trim as disclosed
in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,290,424 and 5,478,414 require the
application of a fluoropolymer protective coating to the entire
surface of an aluminum sheet, followed by

2198~~~
- 6 -
cutting the sheet into strips and roll-forming the
strips to the desired shape. Fig. 1 illustrates such a
process wherein an aluminum sheet 11 is unrolled from a
coil 12, conversion coated 13 and passed under a
protective coating applicator 14 which applies the
protective fluoropolymer coating. An oven 15 is then
used to cure the protective fluoropolymer
coating. Cutters 16 then slit the coated aluminum
sheet 11 into strips 17. Although not shown in Fig. 1,
the coated aluminum sheet is typically recoiled after
the curing step, transported to another location and
unwound before it is slit into strips. The resultant
coated strips are then roll-formed to the desired shape
and co-extruded with a thermoplastic to form the final
decorative trim piece.
The term "strip" is used herein to specify a
relatively narrow and thin sheet of aluminum or
aluminum alloy in the range of from about 1 cm to about
1 m wide, preferably from about 2 cm to 30 cm wide, and
from about 0.1 mm to about 5 mm thick, preferably from
about 0.25 to about 1.25 mm thick.
While the process shown in Fig. 1 produces
highly reflective aluminum trim with good durability,
several processing steps are involved. Furthermore,
since the fluoropolymer protective coating is applied
prior to the roll-forming operation, the coating must
be formulated to withstand the forming operation
without crazing or debonding. Such formability
requirements can result in a final coating with less
than optimum durability and light transmittance
characteristics. For example, forming constraints may
require the protective coating to be relatively soft,
which may reduce scratch and abrasion resistance in the
final trim product.
Another disadvantage of the prior art process
shown in Fig. 1 is the requirement for applying the
protective coating over the entire surface of the

__ .2198437
aluminum sheet, including the surface areas which are
subsequently covered by thermoplastic. Thus, the
fluoropolymer coating is applied to areas where it is
not needed. In addition to increased material costs,
this application of fluoropolymer protective coating to
more than just the show surface means that special
treatments and/or adhesive compositions may be required
in order to adhere the thermoplastic to the coated
areas of the aluminum strip.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates a process
for forming aluminum trim in accordance with a
preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this
process, coiled aluminum strip 21, which preferably
does not have a protective coating, is fed through an
accumulator 22 into a roll former 23. The resultant
shaped strip 24, which has at least one bend radius
along the length'of the strip, is then preferably fed
through a straightening block 25 and into a cleaning
tank 26. After the shaped strip is cleaned, it is
preferably conversion coated and a protective coating
applicator 28 applies a protective coating over a
selected surface area of the strip, typically over a
longitudinally extending portion of the strip. In a
preferred embodiment, an adhesive applicator 29 applies
adhesive over a selected longitudinally extending
portion of the surface of the strip. The strip is then
passed through an oven 31 which cures the protective
coating and the adhesive. In a preferred embodiment, a
plastic extruder 32 is then used to form a
thermoplastic layer over a selected portion of the
shaped aluminum strip. The resultant coextruded strip
33 is then cut. to length.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of
the present invention, the protective coating is
applied after the roll-forming operation and prior to
the co-extrusion step. This sequence avoids the
requirement of applying the protective coating over the
::, _

2198437
_8_
entire surface of the aluminum sheet before the sheet
is cut into strips. By eliminating the
requirement that the protective coating be applied
prior to the roll-forming operation, the properties of
the final protective coating such as durability,
hardness and clarity can be optimized, without the
necessity of providing a coating that resists crazing,
debonding and other deleterious effects of the roll
forming operation. In addition, in accordance with a
preferred embodiment of the present invention, the
protective coating may be applied to only a selected
portion of the formed aluminum strip, rather than the
entire surface thereof. In this manner, the protective
coating may be selectively applied only to the visible
or show surface of the formed aluminum strip which is
not subsequently covered with thermoplastic. This
selective application of protective coating not only
reduces the amount of coating required, but also
results in improved adhesion of the thermoplastic to
the non-show surface portions of the aluminum strip.
Such a selective application of protective coating
therefore eliminates the requirement of special
treatments and/or special adhesive compositions
previously required in order to adhere the
thermoplastic to the coated aluminum strip.
In addition to the selective application of
the protective coating, adhesive is also preferably
applied to a selected portion of the aluminum strip
which is subsequently covered with the thermoplastic
layer during the co-extrusion step. This selective
application of the protective coating to the show
surface and selective application of the adhesive to
the thermoplastic-covered surface allows the
thermoplastic layer to be adhered directly to an
uncoated aluminum surface during the co-extrusion
process. Thus, in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, the final aluminum

2198437
- 9 -
trim piece has a protective coating only on the
aluminum show surface, and has at least one
thermoplastic layer adhered directly to the aluminum
surface of the shaped strip.
Fig. 3 illustrates a cross-section of an
exemplary trim piece produced in accordance with the
present invention. The trim piece 40 includes a shaped
aluminum strip 41 having a show surface 42 which
extends from point A to point 8. Thermoplastic layers
43 and 44 cover portions of the shaped aluminum strip
41. In a typical application, such as automotive trim,
the show surface 42 of the aluminum trim piece 40 would
be visible when the trim is installed. In addition, in
many applications, at least a portion of the
thermoplastic layers may also be visible when the trim
is installed. For many applications, only one side of
the installed trim piece may be visible. For example,
when a trim piece as shown in Fig. 3 is installed, the
only visible aluminum surface may be the show surface
42 extending from point A to point B, with the opposite
side of the shaped aluminum strip 41 being hidden from
view. Much of the surface of the aluminum strip is
therefore either concealed from view or covered with a
thermoplastic layer.
In accordance with an alternative embodiment
of the present invention, the protective coating is
selectively applied to the show surface of the aluminum
trim, without subsequent application of a thermoplastic
layer. In this embodiment, the protective coating may
be selectively applied over a longitudinally extending
portion of the shaped strip comprising the show surface
of the trim. Material cost savings are achieved by
selectively applying the protective coating only to the
show surface of the aluminum trim. In addition, since
the protective coating is applied after the aluminum
strip is formed into shape, problems such as crazing
and debonding are avoided.

2198437
- 10 -
In accordance with the present invention, the
composition of the aluminum strip is selected in order
to provide the desired level of reflectivity. In
addition to commercially pure aluminum, suitable alloys
for use in accordance with the present invention
including Aluminum Association 1XXX, 3RXX, SXXX, 6XXX
and 7XXX alloys such as 1050, 3002, 3003, 5182, 5252,
5552, 5657, 6306 and 7029.
In accordance with the present invention, the
protective coating is substantially transparent such
that it is preferably at least 80% permeable to visible
light. The thickness of the protective coating may
range from about 0.003 to 0.09 mm, more preferably from
about 0.008 to about 0.025 mm. The protective coating
is typically substantially colorless. However, in some
applications the protective coating may be colored by
dyes, pigments and the like. The protective coating is
preferably selected such that it maintains the desired
level of distinctness of reflected image of the
aluminum show surface after exposure to alternating
cycles of ultraviolet light and humid conditions for
extended periods of time, co~only referred to as
QUV/ITVCON'exposure as set forth in the 2500 hour SAE
J2020 test. Thus, the protective coating preferably
has sufficient weatherability, environmental durability
and adhesion for automotive and marine uses.
The composition of the protective coating is
selected in order to provide sufficient durability,
weatherability, tight permeability and hardness.
Suitable protective coatings include fluoropolymers
such as that sold by PPG under the name Dura Hrite C.
In addition to_fluoropolymers, other types of
protective coatings may be used such as polyurethanes,
polyesters, acrylics, epoxies and enamels.
Preferred fluoropolymer protective coatings
comprise a curable fluorocopolymer including 40 to 60
mol % fluoroolefin units, 5 to 45 mol % cyclohexyl
*Trade-mark
___-. - _ ._ _ _ -

2198437
11 -
vinyl ether units, 5 to 45 mol % alkyl vinyl ether
units and 3 to 15 mol % hydroxalkyl vinyl ether units,
the polymer having an inherent viscosity of 0.05 to 2.0
dl/g in tetrahydrofuran at 30°C. Such a fluoropolymer
is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,345,057 to Yamabe et
al.
Coamaercially available fluoropolymers include those
sold under the names ICI 302, ICI 504 and ICI 916.
The ccmposition of the protective coating may
be selected such that it can be applied directly to the
bare or non-treated surface of the shaped aluminum
strip, thereby avoiding the necessity of conversion
coating or anodizing the aluminum prior to application
of the protective coating. However, in some
applications the shaped aluminum strip may be
conversion coated and/or anodized prior to application
of the protective coating in accordance with the
present invention. .For example, a conversion coating
may be produced by immersing the shaped strip in a bath
of Parker-Amchem~ 401-45, Hetz Metchem~ Chrome Free
1904 at approximately 60-100°F. for 10-45 seconds, or
Betz Metchem° Chrome Free 1903 at approximately 100-
180°F. for 60-180 seconds, or Circle-Prosco° Chrome
Free at approximately 70-100°F. for about 1-15 seconds.
The conversion coating comprises a thin porous layer
ranging in thickness from about 0.1 to 5 microns. The
use of a conversion coating may provide increased grip
for certain fluoropolymer protective coatings. _
Suitable thermoplastics for use in accordance
with the present invention include vinyls such as PVC,
as well as other synthetic polymers, and rubber such as
EPDM rubber. - The following are among the commercially
available thermoplastic materials (identified by
standard symbols set forth in ASTM D4000) which may be
applied to the shaped aluminum strip in accordance with
the present invention: copolymers of styrene and/or a-
methyl styrene and acrylonitrile such as copolymers of
:i~ . - _.r_
,. --.

2198437
- 12 -
styrene and acrylonitrile (SAN); terpolymers of
styrene, acrylonitrile and diene rubber (ABS);
copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile modified with
acrylate elastomers (ASA); copolymers of styrene and
acrylonitrile modified with ethylene propylene diene
monomer (EPDM) rubber (ASE); polyvinyl chloride (PVC);
chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC); siloxane cross-
linked to form silicone rubber; nylon
(a polyamide); polycarbonate (PC); thermoplastic
polyesters (TPES), including polybutylene terephthalate
(PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), aromatic
polyester and polyether-ester segmented copolymers;
polyurethane (PUR); polyphenylene oxide (PPO);
polyacetals (POM); copolymer of styrene and malefic
anhydride (SMA); polymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic
acid, acrylic esters, and methacrylic esters;
polyolefins; polyamide-imide; polyacrylonitrile;
polyarylsulfone; polyester-carbonate; polyetherimide;
polyether-ketone (PEK); polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK);
polyphenyl sulfide; and polysulfone.
Most preferred are the co-extrudable
thermoplastic polymers such as PVC, CPVC, polyolefins,
particularly grafted polypropylene, thermoplastic
polyurethane, silicone rubber, PET and polysulfone. A
specific polyvinyl chloride co-extrudate made from
pigmented Geon PVC having a specific viscosity of at
least 0.20, and an intrinsic viscosity in the range
from 0.95 to 1.2, exhibits exceptional physical
properties.
Where a thermoplastic layer is to be applied
to the shaped aluminum strip, an adhesive may be used
to adhere the thermoplastic to the aluminum surface.
Preferred adhesives include acrylate-based adhesives
such as those manufactured by BFGoodrich Company and
sold under the designations BFG 1617 and BFG 1610.
Another suitable acrylate-based adhesive is sold under
the designation AO-420 by ITW. An additional adhesive

21-98437
- 13 -
is sold under the designation Chemlok 250 by Lord
Corporation.
Referring to Fig. 2, substantially flat
aluminum strip may be fed into a conventional roll
former 23 in which progressive rolling dyes form the
strip into the desired shape. The shaped strip
typically includes at least one bend radius extending
along the length thereof in the longitudinal direction.
After the aluminum strip is formed into the
desired shape, it may be cleaned to remove lubricants
and other contaminants by conventional means including
the use of alkaline or acid cleaners which avoid
excessive etching of the aluminum surface such as
Novaclean, 120LF sold by Novamax or Penwalt~'A40 sold by
Penwalt.
After cleaning, the aluminum surface is
preferably conversion coated or anodized by
conventional techniques in order to provide ir_creased
grip for the protective coating. The protective
coating may then be applied to the shaped strip by
means such as spraying, rolling, sponging, curtain
coating or the like. In order to apply the protective
coating on a selected longitudinally extending portion
of the shaped strip, application techniques such as
rolling or the use of a sponge applicator pad are
preferred.
After the protective coating is applied, it
may be cured by heating or any other suitable method.
The cure temperature is based upon the particular
protective coating composition selected. For example,
fluoropolymer protective coatings may be cured at a
preferred temg~erature of from about 450-500°F.
The adhesive may be applied to the shaped
aluminum strip by means such as spraying, rolling,
sponging and curtain coating. In order to apply the
adhesive to.a selected longitudinally extending portion
of the shaped strip, techniques such,as rolling or the
*Trade-mark -
::~~a

2198437
- 14 -
use of a sponge applicator pad are preferred. In
accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present
invention, the adhesive is applied to the shaped strip
after the protective coating has been applied. The
protective coating and adhesive are preferably cured at
substantially the same time using a single heating
operation. Thus, the compositions of the protective
coating and adhesive may be selected such that they are
capable of being cured at substantially the same
temperatures. For example, a cure temperature of from
about 450 to about 500°F. may be used to cure both a
fluoropolymer protective coating and a BFG 1617
adhesive.
After application and curing of the
protective coating and adhesive, at least one
thermoplastic layer may be. applied to the shaped strip.
Conventional co-extruding techniques are preferably
used to adhere the thermoplastic layer on the selected
portion of the shaped strip. The term "co-extruding"
is used herein to describe the process of extruding the
thermoplastic onto the surface of the previously shaped
aluminum strip. Co-extrusion may be performed in a
commercially available roll-former such as one fitted
with an extrusion die, for example, in a Tishken or
Yoder Y-line roll-former.
The following examples are intended to
illustrate various aspects of the present invention,
and are not intended to limit the scope thereof.
EXAMPLE 1
A reflective aluminum trim piece is
fabricated with a cross-section similar to that
illustrated in Fig. 3. Coiled AA 5182 aluminum strip
5.0 cm wide and 0.5 mm thick is fed through an
accumulator into a roll former where it is
progressively formed into shape as shown in Fig. 3.
The shaped strip is cleaned to remove lubricants and
other contaminants introduced during the forming

219837
- 15 -
operation. The shaped strip is then conversion coated
by a conventional spray application technique. A
sponge pad is used to apply a protective coating along
a selected longitudinally extending portion of the
shaped strip corresponding to the show surface of the
final trim piece. The protective coating comprises a
fluoropolymer sold by PPG under the name Dura Brite C.
Sponge pads are then used to apply adhesive to selected
longitudinally extending portions of the shaped strip
which have not been previously covered with the
protective coating. The adhesive is an acrylate-based
adhesive manufactured by HFGoodrich Company and sold
under the designation BFG 1617. The shaped strip is
passed through an oven to achieve a peak metal
temperature between 450 and 500°F. to cure both the
protective fluoropolymer coating and the adhesive. The
shaped strip is then passed through a plastic extruder
which applies a PVC thermoplastic against the adhesive-
covered longitudinally extending portions of the
aluminum strip. The resultant co-extruded strip is cut
to length to form a trim piece comprising an aluminum
show surface covered with the protective coating and
thermoplastic layers adhered directly to selected
surfaces of the aluminum strip. The coated aluminum
show surface is highly reflective and exhibits a
distinctness of reflected image of greater than 80~.
EXAMPLE 2
Example 1 is repeated except AA alloys 1050,
3002, 3003, 5252, 5552, 5657, 6306 and 7029 are used as
the aluminum strip. Each trim piece comprises a highly
reflective aluminum show surface having a distinctness
of reflected image of greater than 80~.
EXAMPLE 3
Example 1 is repeated except no adhesive is
applied to the aluminum strip and no thermoplastic
layers are applied. The resultant aluminum trim piece
comprises a show surface covered with the fluoropolymer

219~43~
- 16 -
protective coating having a distinctness of reflected
image greater than 80%.
EXAMPLE 4
Example 1 is repeated except no conversion
coating is applied to the shaped strip, and a
polyurethane protective coating is used rather than a
fluoropolymer protective coating. The resultant trim
piece comprises a reflective aluminum show surface
having a distinctness of reflected image greater than
80%.
It is to be understood that the above
description of the present invention is capable of many
changes, modifications and adaptations by those skilled
in the art, and that such modifications, changes and
adaptations are to be considered within the scope of
the invention, as set forth by the following claims.

Dessin représentatif
Une figure unique qui représente un dessin illustrant l'invention.
États administratifs

2024-08-01 : Dans le cadre de la transition vers les Brevets de nouvelle génération (BNG), la base de données sur les brevets canadiens (BDBC) contient désormais un Historique d'événement plus détaillé, qui reproduit le Journal des événements de notre nouvelle solution interne.

Veuillez noter que les événements débutant par « Inactive : » se réfèrent à des événements qui ne sont plus utilisés dans notre nouvelle solution interne.

Pour une meilleure compréhension de l'état de la demande ou brevet qui figure sur cette page, la rubrique Mise en garde , et les descriptions de Brevet , Historique d'événement , Taxes périodiques et Historique des paiements devraient être consultées.

Historique d'événement

Description Date
Le délai pour l'annulation est expiré 2005-02-25
Lettre envoyée 2004-02-25
Accordé par délivrance 2000-05-02
Inactive : Page couverture publiée 2000-05-01
Préoctroi 2000-01-28
Inactive : Taxe finale reçue 2000-01-28
Un avis d'acceptation est envoyé 1999-12-08
Lettre envoyée 1999-12-08
month 1999-12-08
Un avis d'acceptation est envoyé 1999-12-08
Inactive : Renseign. sur l'état - Complets dès date d'ent. journ. 1999-12-06
Inactive : Dem. traitée sur TS dès date d'ent. journal 1999-12-06
Inactive : Demande ad hoc documentée 1999-11-03
Inactive : Approuvée aux fins d'acceptation (AFA) 1999-11-03
Inactive : Dem. de l'examinateur par.30(2) Règles 1999-06-11
Inactive : Acc. réc. RE - Pas de dem. doc. d'antériorité 1998-06-10
Inactive : Demandeur supprimé 1997-12-03
Inactive : Demandeur supprimé 1997-09-03
Demande publiée (accessible au public) 1997-08-27
Exigences pour une requête d'examen - jugée conforme 1997-03-21
Toutes les exigences pour l'examen - jugée conforme 1997-03-21

Historique d'abandonnement

Il n'y a pas d'historique d'abandonnement

Taxes périodiques

Le dernier paiement a été reçu le 2000-01-26

Avis : Si le paiement en totalité n'a pas été reçu au plus tard à la date indiquée, une taxe supplémentaire peut être imposée, soit une des taxes suivantes :

  • taxe de rétablissement ;
  • taxe pour paiement en souffrance ; ou
  • taxe additionnelle pour le renversement d'une péremption réputée.

Les taxes sur les brevets sont ajustées au 1er janvier de chaque année. Les montants ci-dessus sont les montants actuels s'ils sont reçus au plus tard le 31 décembre de l'année en cours.
Veuillez vous référer à la page web des taxes sur les brevets de l'OPIC pour voir tous les montants actuels des taxes.

Historique des taxes

Type de taxes Anniversaire Échéance Date payée
Enregistrement d'un document 1997-02-25
Requête d'examen - générale 1997-03-21
TM (demande, 2e anniv.) - générale 02 1999-02-25 1999-02-01
TM (demande, 3e anniv.) - générale 03 2000-02-25 2000-01-26
Taxe finale - générale 2000-01-28
TM (brevet, 4e anniv.) - générale 2001-02-26 2001-01-18
TM (brevet, 5e anniv.) - générale 2002-02-25 2002-01-07
TM (brevet, 6e anniv.) - générale 2003-02-25 2003-01-06
Titulaires au dossier

Les titulaires actuels et antérieures au dossier sont affichés en ordre alphabétique.

Titulaires actuels au dossier
ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA
Titulaires antérieures au dossier
DANIEL L. SERAFIN
Les propriétaires antérieurs qui ne figurent pas dans la liste des « Propriétaires au dossier » apparaîtront dans d'autres documents au dossier.
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Description du
Document 
Date
(yyyy-mm-dd) 
Nombre de pages   Taille de l'image (Ko) 
Page couverture 1997-10-02 1 53
Dessin représentatif 1997-10-02 1 7
Page couverture 1997-05-21 1 15
Description 1997-05-21 16 674
Abrégé 1997-05-21 1 22
Page couverture 1998-08-25 1 53
Dessin représentatif 2000-04-04 1 8
Description 1999-11-02 17 782
Revendications 1999-11-02 6 213
Revendications 1997-05-21 4 151
Dessins 1997-05-21 2 32
Page couverture 2000-04-04 2 62
Accusé de réception de la requête d'examen 1998-06-09 1 173
Rappel de taxe de maintien due 1998-10-26 1 110
Avis du commissaire - Demande jugée acceptable 1999-12-07 1 164
Avis concernant la taxe de maintien 2004-04-20 1 173
Correspondance 2000-01-27 1 36
Correspondance de la poursuite 1997-03-17 1 34
Correspondance de la poursuite 1999-10-11 2 82
Courtoisie - Lettre du bureau 1997-03-31 1 22
Correspondance de la poursuite 1997-03-20 1 39
Correspondance reliée aux formalités 1998-01-20 1 22
Correspondance reliée aux formalités 1997-11-20 1 21
Demande d'entrée en phase nationale 1997-03-06 1 40
Correspondance de la poursuite 1997-02-24 38 1 572