Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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VEHICLE FOR HANDLING VARIOUS MATERIALS OR OPERATING
UNITS IN SHEDS, AIRPORTS, MARKETS AND THE LIKE
The present invention relates to a vehicle for the
transportation and handling of various materials or
operating units in rooms wherein a high mobility and
l0 wide manoeuvre capacity is required in narrow spaces
and/or in the presence of obstacles, impediments or the
like, in particular in the insides of sheds,
warehouses, deposits, airports, markets, deposit and/or
manoeuvre areas for hs~avy means and the like.
As is known, in industrial plants, warehouses, deposits
and the like, it is necessary to handle various
materials, often heav5r and cumbersome due to their form
and size, usually in very narrow spaces or in the
presence of obstacles and utilising especially equipped
self-propelled vehicles, which have however to follow
tortuous and obliged runs. For instance, in warehouses
or deposits, it is necessary to arrange the various
goods according to a. pre-fixed order and to collect
then when needed, performing the manoeuvres with much
precision.
Instead, in other cases, it is necessary to transport
operating units from one to another place and to
position them suitably and exactly, so than such units
can perform their function.
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For instance, it is known that in airports it is
necessary to position near the leaving aircraft a
operating unit comprising the generator to start the
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engines; this operation requires a careful positioning
manoeuvre which must take in due account the presence
o:E the wings and the tail of the aircraft.
A;s is also known, in plants of the metallurgical, iron
s metallurgical types, in foundries and the like, it is
necessary to handle various materials, often heavy and
cumbersome due to the form and size, usually in very
narrow spaces and utilising suitably equipped self
propelling vehicles.
For instance, the plants for the electrolytic
production of aluminium require the periodic
replacement of anodes because of their wearing during
t:he working in electrol~~sis cells. Both the worn anodes
a:nd the new ones are prepared by groups positioned on
pallets, which are thereafter transported and handled
by means of a particular type of self-propelling
vehicle that can move in the inside of the plant,
between the rows of electrolytic cells.
The present types of self-propelling vehicles are
usually constituted by a tractor with two driving and
steering wheels and by a trailer; the tractor is
usually connected to t:he trailer through a vertical
axis joint, suitable to allow the steering of the
tractor with respect t:o the trailer according to an
angle, relatively to the longitudinal axis of the
vehicle, which is always very limited because of the
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presence of the front part of the trailer, which is
ve:ry approached to the tractor.
Object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle
for the transportation and handling of various
materials or operating units, so designed and
structured as to obviate the structural complexity and
manoeuvre and/or visibility limitations due to the
reduced steering angle of the present vehicles for the
handling of materials or transportation of operating
units in the inside of plants, sheds, markets, airports
and the like, and to allow the realisation of all the
necessary manoeuvres in perfect conditions of
visibility by the operator.
A further object is to provide a vehicle suitable for
handling any product and/or operating and/or service
equipment in areas wherein a high manoeuvre capacity is
needed, together with a full visibility of the
operations to be performed.
Another object of the invention is to provide a self
propelling vehicle of t:he type specified hereinabove,
so structured as to have longitudinal dimensions
markedly smaller than those of the known vehicles - the
dimensions of the loading or transportation structure
bEaing the same - with obvious advantages as concerns
ii~s movement possibilities in very narrows areas and/or
areas having obstacles, encumbrances and the like.
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A not least object of the invention is to provide a
self-propelling vehicle of high reliability and easily
drivable both in the forwards and the reverse motion.
These and still other objects, which will be more
clearly stressed hereinafter are achieved by a self-
propelling vehicle for the transportation and handling
of various materials or operating units in rooms
wherein a wide manoeuvre capacity and the utmost
visibility are required in narrow spaces and/or in the
presence of various obstacles and/or impediments, of
the type that comprises a trailer and a draft-tractor,
According to the present invention, there is provided a self-propelling
vehicle for
the transportation and handling of various materials and products or operating
and service units in rooms which require a wide maneuverability and visibility
in
a narrow space or in the presence of various obstacles and impediments,
wherein the vehicle comprises:
a) a trailer;
b) a front part on said trailer having a circular through-hole;
c) a driving and steering structure coupled to said trailer comprising:
(i) a revolving platform that is rotatable about a vertical axis
thereof up to 360° and beyond with respect to said trailer both in a
clockwise
and in a counter-clockwise direction;
(ii) a driver's cab coupled to said revolving platform;
(iii) a driving and steering axle rotatably mounted on said front
part of said trailer;
(iv) a series of wheels disposed on said driving and steering axle;
(v) a tubular element freely rotatably housed in said circular
through-hole, integrally connecting said revolving platform to said series of
wheels;
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d) means for connecting said driving and steering structure and said
front part of said trailer, suitable to allow a free endless rotation both in
a
clockwise and in a counter-clockwise direction of said driving and steering
structure relative to said front part of said trailer;
e) a driving means suitable to ensure a movement of the vehicle as
well as a rotation of said driving and steering structure, to allow an
operator to
perform the translation of the vehicle and the rotation of said driving and
steering
structure from only one driving place.
Other objects, preferred embodiments, variants and/or resulting advantages of
the present invention are briefly described hereinbelow.
Indeed, and preferably, said means connecting said driving and steering
structure and said front part are constituted by a fifth wheel having the
lower part
strongly connected to said driving and steering axle, and the upper part
rigidly
keyed on the lower plane of said front part of the trailer.
Besides, said driving means are associated to said
platform or said axle, or else they can be associated
to said trailer and transmit the motion to said axle by
means of suitable hydraulic, pneumatic means or the
like passing through suitable uprights and tie-rods.
The operating part of the vehicle according to the
invention is equipped with an own axle having two or
more wheels.
The chassis of said vehicle portion is provided with a
front part (extension), on whose lower surface a fifth
wheel, or like revolving element, is installed, which
is controlled by a special actuator and allows the
rotation of the elements connected to it. More in
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detail, in the lower part of said fifth wheel, a
driving axle is fastened, provided, as usual, with own
engines, reducers, wheels and whatever else is
necessary for the driving of a vehicle. By means of a
tubular element that goes through the central hollow
zone of the fifth wheel and the supporting front part
of the trailer, as said hereinabove, the driving axle
rigidly supports a platform which, in this way, lies
above said front part or extension and can freely
rotate together with the driving structure.
Said platform houses on the one hand the operator's cab
(complete with seat, console, controls, pedals,
accessories and whatever else is usually applicable),
while the engine (which may be of the electrical or
endothermic type according to the needs) may be
installed, preferably though not necessarily, on the
other side of the platform, together with all the
necessary accessories such as tanks, pumps or other
ones.
According to another embodiment of the present
invention, said revolving platform is constituted by a
first transmission element integral with said tubular
element, connected through suitable kinematic means,
to a second transmission element suitable to rotate
about an own vertical axis parallel to the rotation
axis of said tubular element off-centred relatively to
the latter and supporting said driver's cab.
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:Cn this way, the driver's cab may be positioned, always
associated to the driving and steering structure, but
off-centred relatively to the rotation axis of the same
:structure, so as to satisfy, for instance, particular
visibility requirements or for the purposes of a more
effective management of particular operating units or
i~he 1 ike .
:3aid transmission elements may be constituted by
pulleys connected to one another by a belt, a chain or
l0 i:.he like, or may be constituted by gearwheels or other
equivalent transmission kinematic means, suitable to
cause the rotation of said driver's cab synchronously
with the rotation of said driving and steering axle.
The electric or hydraulic feeding of the operating
devices located in the control part subject matter of
i~he invention need no particular connections as they
rotate integrally with the engine, while the feeding of
i:he devices located in the operating part of the
vehicle is obtained by drawing the energy source from
i~he rotation axis of t:he control module, for instance
(but not necessarily only in such way) by connecting
i~he mobile half-part of a common rotating joint to the
revolving platform and by installing the fixed half-
part of said joint on a portal-frame connected to the
operating part of the vehicle. The width and the height
of said portal are su~~h as to allow the rotation of
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said revolving platform and the structures connected to
the same without any interference.
According to another embodiment, the transmission of at
lcsast a part of the controls, in particular the
e:Lectric ones, from the control part to the operating
part, is obtained by means of radio signals.
Further characteristics and advantages of the present
invention will be better stressed by the following
detailed description, made with reference to the
aittached tables of drawings, solely given by way of non
limiting example, wherein:
Figure 1 shows schematically a side view the self-
propelling vehicle, realised according to the
invention;
Figure 2 shows, always ~;chematically, a top view of the
vehicle of Figure 1,
Figure 3 shows a front: view of the same vehicle of
Figure 1, while
Figure 4 shows, in front view, the self-propelling
vehicle according to an alternative embodiment of the
invention .
With reference to said figures, the self-propelling
vehicle for the transportation and handling of various
materials and operating units in the inside of sheds,
warehouses, airports, markets and the like, and
anywhere a high manoeuvre capacity is required in
narrow spaces and in the presence of obstacles and/or
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various impediments, is substantially constituted by a
driving unit, comprising a trailer 1 and a two-wheeled
tractor, globally indicated by 2 in Figure 2.
The front part 9 of t_he trailer (Figure 1) has a
circular hole, gone through by the tubular element 10
integral in the upper part with platform 8 and in the
lower part with the driving and steering axle 12. Said
a~:le forms a whole with the lower part of the fifth
wheel 12a, while the upper part of said fifth wheel is
rigidly keyed on the lower plane of the front part 9 of
trailer 1.
The axle, to which wheels 11-lla are rigidly connected,
is also provided with own engines, reducers and
whatever else is ne~~essary to allow both the
translation of the vehicle and the rotation of said
wheels about the axis of the tubular element, in order
to allow steering.
BESSides, in order to ensure the necessary hydraulic and
e:Lectrical controls to the activation systems housed in
the trailer, a bridge-like structure is anchored to the
front part of said trailer, said structure being
constituted by the uprights 3-3a, inclined towards the
median longitudinal axis of the trailer, with whose top
two tie-rods 4-4a are integral (i.e. they form a whole
body), arranged substantially in horizontal position
and united to each other by a further tie-rod 5, which
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is cantilever-supported by the bridge constituted by
uprights 3-3a and tie-rods 4-4a.
On the median line of said tie-rod 5 a vertical axis
cylindrical shaft 6 is rigidly keyed (Figures 1 and
5 3), whose lower end is. fitted in a bush or sleeve
freely rotatable, without translation, around the same
shaft. Said bush is then connected to platform 8, which
is therefore free to rotate about the vertical axis
cylindrical shaft 6.
10 To the revolving platform 8 there are also stably
associated the driver's cab 13 (with seat 13a, steering
wheel 13b and control dashboard) and the direct current
driving means 14 of a known type electrically operated
anal the related diesel or gasoline accumulator.
As. the supports of the front wheels 11-lla are rigidly
associated to said revolving platform, the motion
transmission by engine 14 to said wheels may be
obtained by known means, such as gears and the like,
for instance by means of gearwheels or pulleys, as
schematically shown in Figure 2 and indicated by 16-
16.a.
Lastly, in the figures there are generally indicated by
1T the products loaded on pallet la (for instance,
anodes for electrolysis cells for the production of
primary aluminium) or the operating units (for
instance, the generator in case of an airport service
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ve.hicles), and by 18 a sheet apron for the trailer and
th.e front part .
According to the embodiment of Figure 4, the driver's
ca.b 13 is off-centred relatively to the rotation axis
of the driving and steering axle 12; a first
transmission element, generically indicated by 20,
rotating integrally with said axle 12, causes the
dr'iver's cab 13 to rotate synchronously with said axle
by means of the second transmission element generically
indicated by 21 and rotating integrally with said
dr'iver's cab, by means of a belt or chain or by an
eg~uivalent suitable gear' system.
From what has been expounded hereinabove and what is
illustrated by the figures, it clearly appears that the
presence of a driving and steering structure allows to
obtain a vehicle constituted by one only four-wheeled
unit - the front ones being the driving wheels - as
sand structure connects the trailer to the driver's cab
with the related engine and allows the rotation of
these latter; besides, it allows the operator to pass
from the forwards (Figures 1 and 4) to the reverse
motion by activating the suitable devices located in
the inside of the one only driving place (power
st:eering); besides, again, to perform the reverse
motion, the whole cab rotates by 180° about its
vEartical axis, whereby there is obtained at the same
time a correct and complete view of the manoeuvre to be
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ps:rformed, relatively to the different functions of the
operating units, or the: approach to shelvings or pits
to load and unload materials, positioning a generator
near an aircraft, and the like. Said rotation of the
cab may be continuous either in one direction and in
the opposed one, according to the manoeuvre
reaquirements, and may be also carried out for a whole
turn angle and even more.
The vehicle described hereinabove allows also to obtain
the advantage of a marked shortening of the same
vEahicle compared with t:he known vehicles for the same
uses. Besides, the vehicle allows a drastic improvement
oi= manoeuvre capacity (reduction in steering radius), a
bE_tter drivability ensuing from cab's moving
synchronously with the. driving and steering axle,
whereby the operator has the maximum visibility both in
the forwards and the reverse motion, as well as when
manoeuver ing .
The absence of any constraint relatively to the angle
between the driving unit and the vehicle allows an
unlimited width for said angle.
Obviously, in the concrete realisation, structurally
and functionally equivalent modifications and variants
m<~y be introduced in the invention, as described
h~sreinabove and illustrated according to a preferred
embodiment, without falling outside the protection
scope of said invention.
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It is clear that the vehicle according to the invention
may be utilised to perform all the operations required
in metallurgical plants, besides those necessary for
the transportation and handling of anodes and ladles,
by simply using a trailer type provided with a suitable
containment and support structure.
For instance, for the transportation and handling of
ladles, a trailer may be used provided with a bridge-
structure, such as, for instance, the one described in
European Patent no. 021:1846 by the same applicant, or
equivalent bridge-structures.
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