Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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Description
Bar-type supporting frame with bar and means for
introducing or transmitting forces and/or bending
moments into the bar
The invention relates to a bar-type supporting
frame with a bar and with means for introducing or
transmitting forces and/or bending moments into the
bar.
A bar-type supporting game is understood in
terms of stati.cs as an arrangement of one or more bars
statica7,ly coupled to one another, on which ~rarious
load bodies or carrying or tensioning cables are
fastened. Bar-type supporting games may accordingly
comprise individual masts, as are used in overhead line
and contact line systems, yr else entire supporting
frameworks, as axe used for example in the construction
of factory buildings. The bar-type supporting frames
may be designed as metal. or reinforced-concrete types
of construction. Load bodies may be, for example,
extension arms or wheel tensioners, as are used in
catenary systems for the securing and end tensioning of
the contact wires and carrying cables. Load bodies may
also be roadway lights ar similar bodies which are
supported by masts. The aforementioned carx~y~.ng or
tensioning cables are not only used for the end
tensioning of the contact wires and carrying cables,
they can also be provided for back anchorage, for
example in the case of load transmission into a back
anchor. Similarly, they can be used for the suspension
ar end tensioning for example of the roadway lights
mentioned.
To introduce the {tensile) .forces and/or
bending moments occurring in such bar-type supporting
frames, in particular in those for high-power
catenaries, into a bar or mast, or to transmit them
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i~to a back anchor, relatively complex screwed and
welded eonstruCtions comprising angle section parts
were p7reviously required. These were fastened on
tensioning bands or oz~
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threaded bushes concreted into the mast. Since they
require special adaptors or angle sections, such
constructions are comparatively complex. Further
disadvantages are that the threaded bushes in the mast
only absorb or transmit point loads. Tensioning bands,
such as for example according to DE-U-9 J.00 863, act
with respect to the force trax~smissic~n like tensioning
cables and can therefore only introduce the forces
linearly into the mast.
DE-C 26 13 152 discloses a concrete mast for
high-voltage lines on which a plurality of reinforced
concrete bxackets are arranged one above the other.
'I~he brackets are precast concrete members which are
provided with steel reinforcements, placed onto the
concrete mast and concreted onto the concrete mast iri a
way known from concrete cross membexs. At, the ends of
the brackets are sheet-metal plates which are welded to
the steel reinforcements and have welded-on fastening
bolts, at which insulators caza be screwed on.
The forces can only be introduced or
transmitted in a punctzfo~cn manner by the fastening
bolts of the reinforced concrete brackets. The
document does not provide any suggestion of introducing
or transmitting forces and/or bending moments at any
desired location on the entire outer surface of a
sleeve slipped o~rer the bar of a bar-type supporting
frame .
Rs in the document mentioned above, DE-U
1 960 474 discloses a concxete mast with a plurality of
reinforced concrete cross members placed on it. The
aim pursued by this innovation is, in particular, to
simplify the mounting of the cross members on the
concrete mast. ~'or this purpose, it is proposed to
provide a layer of plastic, bitumen ox~ the like between
the wall of the opening of the cross member fitted onto
the concrete mast and the apnically designed concrete
mast. This layer is intended to allow compensation for
production tolerances of tMe surfaces of the two parts
to be connected to one another. The Iayer may consist
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of an adhesive capable o~ hardening in the free
atmosphere.
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US-A 2 593 255 describes a device for securing
rotatable antenna masts, as are usually provided for
antennas for receiving TV or short-wave programs. The
patent is primarily concerned with designing the
securing means in such a way that the rotary bearing is
largely protected against ingress of rainwater or other
weathering influences. Eor this purpose, the device
comprises an anchorage ring, which is fastened fixedly
in place at the installation site of the antenna by
1Q means of tensioning cables, and a likewise annular
receiving part for the antenna mast, which part is
rotatabl.y secured on the anchorage ring. The antenna
mast is fastened on the receiving part by means of a
plurality of clamping screws arranged at the
~.5 circumference. The securing of the receiving part on
the anchorage ring is performed in such a way that
there is zoo friction or little friction. For this
purpose, corresponding roller bearings or similar
'antifriction means' are provided.
20 Finally, DE-2~6 22 637 U1 discloses a mounting
aid for fitting out or converting devices at a distance
from the ground, in particular transformers on lattice,
concrete or waoder~ masts.
The object of the present invention is to
25 ~.mprove a bar-type supporting frame of the type stated
at the beginn~.ng to the extent that an optimum
connection is Greeted between the bar and load or load
bearer, allowing a higher ~.oad-bearing capacity and
making it poasibJ.e for forces and/or bending moments of
30 any desired magnitude and direction to be introduced or
transmitted into the bar. Tt is also intended that the
means for introducing or transmitting the forces and/or
bending moments should be cast-effective to produce and
simple to mount,
35 The object set is achieved according to the
invention by providing a metal sleeve which is
resistant to bending, adjusted to the bar cross
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section, can be s~.~,pped over the bar,
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by providing between bar and sleeve a bonding coat for
fastening the sleeve on the bar with a non,-positive
fit, and by the sleeve including on the outer
circumference at least one connectiz~g means, at which
the forces andJor bending moments can be introduced.
In tho case of tha bar-t~rpe suppoz~ting frame
according to the invention, the loads or forces are
introduced zx~.to tY~e s7.eeve and into the bar on a direct
path via the connecting nodes. Since the bending-
1G resistant sleeve is connected to the bar in a shearing-
resistant manner, the two form from a statics viewpoint
a composite cx'oss section. This can reliably absorb at
any des~.red J.ocation along the circumferential line,
via welded-on or adhesively attached connecting plates
or profiles, a~.l foxces occurring, even bending moments
from end tensioning means, anchorages, tension
regulating devices, bxackets or the like.
The bending-resistant sleeve is advantageous~.y
designed in a one-part form, being formed according to
2a a particularly advantageous design by a closed metal
ring. The Connecting means at the connecting nodes may
be adapted in a way corresponding to the circumstances,
i.e., for the connection of tensioning or end-
tensioning cables, corresponding connecting plates may
be fastEned on the sleeve. For the articulation of a
tension regulating device, the sleeve may also be
provided with a [ section. The sleeve may
advantageously also serve at the same time for the
connect~.vzz of ground lines. For this purpose,
3G connecting bolts are provided on tk~.e outex
circumference of the sleeves, interactir~g with openings
in the ground line which are preferably made in the
form of an elongate hole.
The bonding coat provided between the sleeve
and the bar or mast serves on the one hand to
compensate for possible tolerances and on the other
hand to ensure a defined force transmission between bar
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dr mast and sleeve: in this way, the non-positive and
positive fit can be optimize~9 and a shearing-resistant
connecting joint can be produced. Suitak~~.e adhesives
or sealing mortars come ~.nto consideration as the
bonding coat.
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Further advantages emerge from the following
description of several exemplary embodiments. In the
drawing:
Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a bar-type
supporting frame with a conical bar, in side view, for
the connection of a swinging extension arm.
Figure 2 shows a section along line II-II in
Figure 1,
Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of a bar
type supporting frame for the connection of cables and
back anchors,
Figure 4 shows a section along line IV-IV in
Figure 3,
Figure 5 shows a third embodiment of a bar-type
supporting frame for the securing of tension regulating
devices,
Figure 6 shows a section along lzne VI-VI xxi
Figure 5,
Figure 7 shows a fourth embodiment of a bar
type supporting frame likewise for securing tension
regulating devices,
Figure 8 shows a section along line VIII-VIII
in Figure 7,
Figures 9 and 10 show details of the connecting
means on the sleeve according to Figures 7 and 8 in
front and side view,
Figure 11 shows a fifth embodiment of a bar-
type supporting frame with a grounding system,
Figure 12 shows a section along line xII-xII i.rz
Figure 11,
Figure 13 shows a detail from Figure 11.
Figure 1 shows in a schematized representation
and in side view a detail of a first embodiment
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of a bar-type supporting frame. The bar-type
supporting frame 1 comprises a conically shaped, cross
sectianally round bar 2, on which a swinging extension
arm 3 for securing contact wires and carrying cables of
a catenary system (not explained in any more detail) is
secured. The bar 2 may be, for example, a concrete
mast. The securing of the swinging extension arm 3 on
the bar 2 takes place by means of two sleeves 4, 5,
which have at node points (not designated in any moxe
detail) connecting elements in the form of welded-on
connecting plates 6, 7. The sleeves 4, 5 are formed by
bending-resistant, closed steel rings 8, which have a
wall tl~icknese of approximately 5 to 8 mm and - with
the customary mast diameters of approximately 200 to
500 mm - an overall height of 60 to 200 z~un.
To obtain a shearing-resistant composite joint
and consequently optimised force transmission from the
sleeves 4, 5 to the bar 2, tk~e intermediate space
between bar and inner circumference of the steel rings
8 is filled with a bonding coat 9 in the form far
example of an adhesive or cement or plastics mortar.
Figures 3 and 4 show an embodiment of a bar-
type supporting frame with only one sleeve 10, which
preferably serves for the connection of tensioning
cables ar back-anchor cables and, for this purpose,
includes two connecting plates 12 welded onto the
sleeve 10. In the case of this variant also, a bonding
coat 9 is provided between the con.ieal bar 2 and the
sleeve 10. The embodiment described may also be
provided for the bearing or end te~,sianing of roadway
lights.
The path of the cables is indicated in the
figures by lines provided with an arrow, the
abbreviations having the following meanings:
HA = back-anchor cable
CC = carrying cable and
CW = contact wire.
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Figures 5 and 6 show an embodiment of a bar-
type supporting frame in which two wheel tensioners for
tensioning or regulating the tension of a contact wire
and a carrying cable are secured next to one another on
the bar 2 with the aid of two sleeves 13, 14 arranged
such that they are spaced one above the other. For the
sake of better overall clarity, only one is represented
in Figure 5, denoted by 15. The wheel tensioners are
secured on the two sleeves 13, 14 by halts 15. As can
be seen from Figure 6, fastened on the circumference of
the sleeves are pairs of connecting plates 17, 18,
which are arranged offset and, for inserting the wheel-
tensioner spindle 16 or back-anchor cables, have
corresponding drilled holes.
Figures 7 to 10 show an embodiment which
likewise serves for securing two wheel tensioners, with
the contrast compared to the design explained above
that the two wheel tensioners are carried only by a
single sleeve 19. Fastened on a closed load-carrying
ring 20 there are on the one hand two [ sections 21
with welded-on end plates 22 and on the other hand two
connecting plates 23 for the fastening of back-anchor
cables. The end plates 22 are provided with
corresponding drilled holes for receiving the
wheel-tensioner spindle 24.
Figures 11 to 13 show an embodiment in which,
instead of the relatively complex internal grounding
used previously in the case of such bar-type supporting
frames, a ground line laid on the outside along the bar
or mast is provided. Both the sleeves 25, 26 provzded
for securing the extension arm 3 and a further sleeve
27 serve at the same time for securing a ground line
30. As Figures 12 and 13 reveal, fastened on the load-
carrying rings of the sleeves 25, 26, 27 for this
purpose are threaded halts 28, which pass through
openings 29, preferably designed as an elongate hole,
in the earth line 30, designed as a flat-ribbon line.
The fastening of the ground line 30
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then takes place as a customary screw connection. For
the grounding connection to the running raiJ., indicated
by 31, the load-carrying ring of the lowermost sleeve
27 includes a welded-on gusset plate 32.
Particular advantages of the bar-type
supporting franne are that not only tensile and
compressive forces occurring, but also bending moments,
can be optimally z.x~,troduoed into tho bar at any desired
location of the bar-type supporting frame through a
sleeve adapted to the cross sectp_on bf the bar or mast.
The fact that connecting plates are welded directl~r
onto the sleeve makes it possible to dispense with the
otherwise customarily provided cantilevered blocks,
which can be fastened on the bar ox mast by means of
threaded bushes and screws and are intended for
receiving for example a swivelling extension arm. By
connection at the wheel tens~.ox~ers directly to the
sleeve, there is na longer any need for the relatively
complex screwed and welded constructions of angle
2Q section parts. To be regrarded as a further advantage
is the fact that the sleeves can be prefabricated
complete with connecting nodes in a workshop, so that
work in this respect is no longer needed in situ at the
mounting site. $avings of up to 50~ of the mast costs
and also simplifications in the production at the masts
are obtained, because it is possible to dispense with
the initial2,y~ mentioned threaded bushes machined into
the bars or masts for fastening the attachment parts
and for grQUnd connectlpz~s ~s weld. as the grQUnd rods
on the inside. The external grounding system also has
tlae advantage that ~.t is not only more cost--effective
but also allows the quality of the grounding
connections to be Checked from t.hg o~,~,tsj~de in a, simple
way.
Finally, it should be point~?d cut that, as an
alternative to the embodiments represented, in which a
closed load-carrying ring, preferably in the form of a
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steel ring, is used as the sleeve, it is also
conceivable and with~.7r1 the Scape of the claims to
design the load~carrying ring as one part but wa.th
slots arid to fasten it on the ba.r by means o~
corresponding
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connecting elements. In both cases, mounting is
comparatively simple, since the complete sleeve need
only be slipped over the bar or mast. Also
conceivable, however, is a two-paxt embodiment, with in
each case two connecting elements on the bar.
Different variants are also conceivable with regard to
the design of the bars. Far instance, instead of the
concrete masts customarily used, metal constructions
may also be used. Instead of the conical bars
described, cylindrical bars may also be used.
Different forms are also cpnceivable with regard to the
bar cross sections.
