Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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SKIN CLEANSING COMPOSITION PROVIDING ENHANCED PERFUMED DEPOSITION
Fragrances have been employed in skin care compositions for hundreds of
years. These fra~ances have a number of uses. They provide a recognized aroma
to
the user of the composition or a person in close juxtaposition to that person.
Fragrances mask the odor produced by bacteria growing on the skin. Fragrances
can
IO work as a solubilizing agent for other organic materials in the
composition. However,
not infrequently the effects of fragrances in skin care compositions,
particularly those
of the "rinse-off' type are short lived. Assuming they stay on the skin during
the short
contact time and are not washed off during the skin care process, their
adherence to
the skin may be weak and/or their detachment from the skin occurs at too quick
a rate,
15 thereby leaving no significant odor after a short period of time following
rinse off.
Therefore in order to provide an appropriate fragrance to the head space above
the
skin, there must be a proper combination of quantity of fragrance on the skin,
adhesion to the skin and release from the skin over an appropriate time
period. This
combination will provide a "persistent" odor over a significant period of
time.
A new composition has been discovered which can provide these fraerance
benefits. The composition is a rinse-off cleansing composition which provides
an
improvement in fragrance benefits.
~
In accordance with the invention, there is a method for cleansing the skin and
providing an increased fragrance benefit after rinsing the skin from the
cleansing
composition which comprises, applying to the skin a composition having:
a. one or a mixture of surfactants in sufficient quantity to cleanse
skin;
b. a fragrance in sufficient quantities to provide aroma
c. a silicone or a hydrocarbonaceous component or mixtures
thereof in sufficient quantities to bring about increased
fragrance benefits
and rinsing off said composition.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TH INVENTION
By fragrance is meant any volatile perfume agent which provides an aroma to
the final composition in which the fragrance residues. Examples of such
materials are
those boiling at temperatures below about 500°C. The highly volatile,
low boiling,
perfume ingredients typically have boiling points of about 250°C or
lower. The
moderately volatile perfume ingredients are those having boiling points of
from about
250°C to about 300°C. The less volatile. high boiling, perfume
ingredients are those
having boiling points of about 300°C to about 500°C. Many of the
perfume
ingredients as discussed hereinafter along with their odor and/or flavor
characters, and
their physical and chemical properties, such as boiling point and molecular
weights
are given in "Perfume and Flavor Chemicals (Aroma Chemicals)," Steffen
Arctander,
published by the author, 1969, incorporated herein by reference. It is
preferred that the
personal cleansing products herein contain a fragrance having at least about
5% of its
components, more preferably at least about 25%, and most preferably at least
about
50% of the fragrance components as highly volatile perfume ingredients having
a
boiling point of 250°C or lower.
Examples of the highly volatile, low boiling, perfume ingredients are:
anethole, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl formate. iso-
bornyl
acetate, camphene, cis-citral (neral), citronellal, citronellol, citronellyl
acetate,
para-cymene, decanal. dihydrolinalool, dihydromyrcenol, dimethyl phenyl
carbinol,
eucalyptol. geranial, geraniol, geranyl acetate, geranyl nitrite, cis-3-
hexenyl acetate,
hydroxycitronellal, d-limonene, linalool, linalool oxide, linalyl acetate,
linalyl
propionate, methyl anthranilate, alpha-methyl ionone, methyl nonyl
acetaldehyde,
methyl phenyl carbinyl acetate, laevo-menthyl acetate, menthone, iso-menthone,
myrcene, myrcenyl acetate, myrcenol, nerol, neryl acetate, nonyl acetate.
phenyl ethyl
alcohol, alpha-pinene. beta-pinene, gamma-terpinene, alpha-terpineol, beta-
terpineol,
terpinyl acetate, and vertenex (para-tertiary-butyl cyclohexyl acetate). Some
natural
oils also contain large percentages of highly volatile perfume ingredients.
For
example, lavandin contains as major components: linalool; linalyl acetate;
geraniol;
and citronellol. Lemon oil and orange terpenes both contain about 95% of d
limonene.
Examples of moderately volatile perfume ingredients are: amyl cinnamic
aIdehyde, iso-amyl salicylate, beta-caryophyllene, cedrene, cinnamic alcohol,
coumarin, dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate, ethyl vanillin, eugenol, iso-
eugenol, flor
acetate, heliotropine, 3-cis-hexenyl salicylate, hexyl salicylate, filial
(para
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tertiarybutyl-alpha-methyl hydrocinnamic aldehyde), gamma-methyl ionone,
nerolidol, patchouli alcohol, phenyl hexanol, beta-selinene, trichloromethyl
phenyl
carbinyl acetate, triethyl citrate, vanillin, and veratraldehyde. Cedarwood
terpenes are
composed mainly of alpha-cedrene, beta-cedrene, and other C ,SHz~
sesquiterpenes.
The surfactants which can be used in the composition include the following
families: anionic, arnphoteric, nonionic and cationic, alone or in
combination. Soap, a
long chain alkyl or alkenyl, branched or normal carboxylic acid salt such as
sodium,
potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium salt, can be present in the
composition. Exemplary of long chain alkyl or alkenyl are from about 8 to
about 22
carbon atoms in length, specifically about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms in
length,
more specifically alkyl and most specifically normal, or normal with little
branching.
Small quantities of olefinic bonds) may be present in the predominantly alkyl
sections, particularly if the source of the "alkyl" group is obtained from a
natural
1 S product such as tallow, coconut oil and the like.
Examples of anionic surfactants other than soap include but are not limited to
alkyl sulfates, anionic acyl sarcosinates, methyl acyl taurates, N-acyl
glutamates, acyl
isethionates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl
phosphate esters, trideceth sulfates, protein condensates, mixtures of
ethoxylated alkyl
sulfates and the like.
Alkyl chains for these surfactants are Cg-C22, preferably C 10-C 1 g, more
preferably C12-C14. Anionic nonsoap surfactants can be exemplified by the
alkali
metal salts of organic sulfate having in their molecular structure an alkyl
radical
containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid or
sulfuric acid
ester radical (included in the term alkyl is the alkyl portion of higher acyl
radicals).
Preferred are the sodium, ammonium, potassium or triethanolamine alkyl
sulfates,
especially those obtained by sulfating the higher alcohols (Cg-Clg carbon
atoms),
sodium coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates and sulfonates; sodium or
potassium salts of sulfuric acid esters of the reaction product of 1 mole of a
higher
fatty alcohol e.g., tallow or coconut oil alcohols) and 1 to 12 moles of
ethylene oxide;
sodium or potassium salts of alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfate with 1
to 10
units of ethylene oxide per molecule and in which the alkyl radicals contain
from 8 to
12 carbon atoms, sodium alkyl glyceryi ether sulfonates; the reaction product
of fatty
acids having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms esterified with isethionic acid and
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neutralized with sodium hydroxide; water soluble salts of condensation
products of
fatty acids with sarcosine; and others known in the art.
Zwitterionic surfactants can be exemplified by those which can be broadly
described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and
sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight chain or
branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8
to 18
carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water-solubilizing group, e.g.,
carboxy,
sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. A general formula for these
compounds is:
(R3)x
R2-y(+)--CH2-R4-Z(-)
wherein R2 contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxy alkyl radical of from about
8 to
about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0
to I
glyceryl moiety; Y is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen,
phosphorus, and
sulfur atoms; R3 is an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group containing 1 to about 3
carbon atoms; X is I when Y is a sulfur atom and 2 when Y is a nitrogen or
phosphorus atom, R4 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene of from 0 to about 4
carbon
atoms and Z is a radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylate,
sulfonate,
sulfate, phosphonate, and phosphate groups.
Examples include: 4-[N,N-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-octadecylammonio]-butane-
1-carboxylate; 5-[S-3-hydroxypropyl-S-hexadecylsulfonio] -3 hydroxypentane-1-
sulfate; 3-[P,P-P-diethyl-P 3,6,9 trioxatetradecyl- phosphonio]-2-
hydroxypropane-1-
phosphate; 3-[N,N-dipropyl-N-3 dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropylammonio]-propane-1-
phosphonate; 3-(N,N-di- methyl-N-hexadecylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate; 3-
(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio}-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate; 4-(N,N-di(2-
hydroxyethyl)-N-(2 hydroxydodecyl) ammonio}-butane-1-carboxylate; 3-[S-ethyl-S-
(3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyl)sulfonio]-propane-1-phosphate; 3-(P,P-dimethyl-P-
dodecylphosphonio)-propane-1-phosphonate; and 5-[N,N-di(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-
hexadecylammonio]-2-hydroxy-pentane-1-sulfate.
Examples of amphoteric surfactants which can be used in the compositions of
the present invention are those which can be broadly described as derivatives
of
aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical can be
straight
chain or branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from
about 8
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to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group,
e.g.,
carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples of compounds
_
falling within this definition are sodium 3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium 3-
dodecylaminopropane sulfonate, N-alkyltaurines, such as the one prepared by
reacting
dodecylamine with sodium isethionate according to the teaching of U.S. Patent
No.
2,658,072, N-higher alkyl aspartic acids, such as those produced according to
the
teaching of U.S. Patent No. 2,438,091, and the products sold under the trade
name
"Miranol" and described'in U.S. Patent No. 2,528,378. Other amphoterics such
as
betaines are also useful in the present composition.
Examples of betaines useful herein include the high alkyl betaines such as
coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, 1 auryl dimethyl carboxy-methyl betaine,
lauryl dimethyl alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl
betaine,
lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxy methyl betaine, stearyl bis-(2-
hydroxypropyl)
carboxymethyl betaine, oleyl dimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, lauryl bis-
(2-
hydro-xypropyl) alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, etc. The sulfobetaines may be
represented by coco dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, stearyl dimethyl sulfopropyl
betaine, amido betaines, amidosulfobetaines, and the like.
Many cationic surfactants are known to the art. By way of example, the
following may be mentioned:
- stearyldimenthylbenzyl ammonium chloride;
dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride;
nonylbenzylethyldimethyl ammonium nitrate;
- tetradecylpyridinium bromide;
- laurylpyridinium chloride;
cetylpyridinium chloride
- laurylpyridinium chloride;
- laurylisoquinolium bromide;
- ditallow(Hydrogenated)dimethyl ammonium chloride;
- dilauryldimethyl ammonium chloride; and
- stearalkonium chloride.
Additional cationic surfactants are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,303,543 see
column 4, lines 58 and column 5, lines 1-42, incorporated herein by
references. Also
see CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 4th Edition 1991, pages 509-514 for
various long chain alkyl cationic surfactants; incorporated herein by
references.
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Nonionic surfactants can be broadly defined as compounds produced by the
condensation of alkylene oxide groups (hydrophilic in nature) with an organic
hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature.
Examples of preferred classes of nonionic surfactants are:
1. The polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, e.g., the condensation
products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 6 to 12
carbon atoms in either a straight chain or branched chain configuration, with
ethylene oxide, the said ethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to 10
to 60
moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol. The alkyl substituent in
such
compounds may be derived from polymerized propylene, diisobutylene, octane, or
nonane, for example.
2. Those derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with the product
resulting
from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine products which may
be
varied in composition depending upon the balance between the hydrophobic and
hydrophilic elements which is desired. For example, compounds containing from
about 40% to about 80% polyoxyethylene by weight and having a molecular
weight of from about 5,000 to about 11,000 resulting from the reaction of
ethylene oxide groups with a hydrophobic base constituted of the reaction
product
of ethylene diamine and excess propylene oxide, said base having a molecular
weight of the order of 2,500 to 3,000, are satisfactory.
3. The condensation product of aliphatic alcohols having from 8 to 18 carbon
atoms,
in either straight chain or branched chain configuration with ethylene oxide,
e.g., a
coconut alcohol ethylene oxide condensate having from 10 to 30 moles of
ethylene oxide per mole of coconut alcohol, the coconut alcohol fraction
having
from 10 to 14 carbon atoms. Other ethylene oxide condensation products are
ethoxylated fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols (e.g., Tween 20-
polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate).
4. Long chain tertiary amine oxides corresponding to the following general
formula:
R1 R2R3N~4
wherein R1 contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxy alkyl radical of from
about
8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties, and
from
0 to 1 glyceryl moiety, and, R2 and R3 contain from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms
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and from 0 to about 1 hydroxy group, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxy
ethyl,
or hydroxy propyl radicals. The arrow in the formula is a conventional
representation of a semipolar bond. Examples of amine oxides suitable for use
in
this invention include dimethyldodecylamine oxide, oleyl-di(2-hydroxyethyl)
amine oxide, dimethyloctylamine oxide, dimethyldecylamine oxide,
dimethyltetradecylamine oxide, 3,6,9 trioxaheptadecyldiethylamine oxide, di(2-
hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine oxide, 2-dodecoxyethyldimethylamine oxide, 3-
dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi(3-hydroxypropyl)amine oxide,
dimethylhexadecylamine oxide.
5. Long chain tertiary phosphine oxides corresponding to the following general
formula:
RR'R"P ~ 0
wherein R contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxyalkyl radical ranging from
8
to 20 carbon atoms in chain length, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties
and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety and R' and R" are each alkyl or
monohydroxyalkyl groups containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. The arrow in the
formula is a conventional representation of a semipolar bond. Examples of
suitable phosphine oxides are: dodecyldimethylphosphine oxide,
tetradecylmethylethylphosphine oxide, 3,6,9-trioxaoctadecyldimethylphosphine
oxide, cetyldimethylphosphine oxide, 3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi(2-
hydroxyethyl) phosphine oxide stearyldimethylphosphine oxide, cetylethyl
propylphosphine oxide, oleyldiethylphosphine oxide, dodecyldiethylphosphine
oxide, tetradecyldiethylphosphine oxide, dodecyldipropylphosphine oxide,
dodecyldi(hydroxymethyl)phosphine oxide, dodecyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)phosphine
oxide, tetradecylmethyl-2-hydroxypropylphosphine oxide,
oleyldimethylphosphine oxide, 2-hydroxydodecyldimethylphosphine oxide.
6. Long chain dialkyl sulfoxides containing one short chain alkyl or hydroxy
alkyl
radical of 1 to about 3 carbon atoms (usually methyl) and one long hydrophobic
chain which contain alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy alkyl, or keto alkyl radicals
containing
from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide
moieties and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety. Examples include: octadecyl methyl
sulfoxide, 2-ketotridecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3,6,9-trioxaoctadecyl 2-
hydroxyethyl
sulfoxide, dodecyl methyl sulfoxide, oleyl 3-hydroxypropyl sulfoxide,
tetradecyl
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methyl sulfoxide, 3 methoxytridecylmethyl sulfoxide, 3-hydroxytridecyl methyl
sulfoxide, 3-hydroxy-4-dodecoxybutyl methyl sulfoxide.
7. Alkylated polyglycosides wherein the alkyl group is from about 8 to about
20
carbon atoms, preferably about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and the degree of
polymerization of the glycoside is from about 1 to about 3, preferably about
1.3 to
about 2Ø
Component a can be a typical hydrocarbonaceous material such as a wax,
pertrolatum,
mineral oil, beeswax, a "permethyl" made up of longer chain branched
hydrocarbons
available from Permethyl Corporation. Permethyls are of the general formula
CH3 CH3
CH3 (--~--CH-)n CH--CH3
CH3
where n can vary from about 4 to over 200. Products were n = 4, 16, 38, 214,
respectively, are marketed as Permethyl 102A, 104A, 106A and 1082A.
Additional hydrocarbonaceous materials include shea butter, coco butter,
lanolins, lanoleic materials, such as long chain esters and ethers of lanolins
and the
like.
The petrolatum useful in the present invention can be any grade of white or
yellow petrolatum recognized in the art as suitable for human application.
Preferred
petrolatum are those with a melting point in a range of from about 35°C
to about
70°C, preferably about 50 to 60°C. The petrolatum of the
composition can include
hydrocarbon mixtures formulated with mineral oil and/or in combination with
paraffin
waxes of various melting points; all in small quantities compared to the
petrolatum. A
petrolatum without additional materials is preferred. Examples of waxes,
particularly
useful in solid compositions are microcrystalline waxes, generally those waxes
which
are known as paraffin wax, beeswax, and natural waxes derived from vegetables.
Silicone as used herein is preferably a silicone fluid, as opposed to a
silicone
gum. A silicone fluid is defined herein as silicone with viscosities ranging
from about
5 to about 600,000 centistokes, more preferably from about 350 to about
100,000
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centistoke at 25°C. Polyalkyl siloxanes such as polydimethyl siloxane
generally
known as "dimethicone", are preferred for use as the silicone.
The silicone materials useful in the present invention are generally non-
volatile
and may be either a polyalkyl siloxane, a polyaryl siloxane, a polyalkylaryl
siloxane, a
polysiloxane with amino functional substitutions, an alkoxylated silicone,
such as
ethoxy or propoxy, and a polyether siloxane copolymer. The silicones useful in
the
present invention may be endcapped with any number of moieties, including, for
example, methyl, hydroxyl, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, amino, trialkyl
silane
(preferably methyl), carboxyl, and the like. Mixtures of these materials may
also be
used and are preferred in certain implementations. Additionally, volatile
silicones
may be used as part of the silicone mixture so long as the final mixture is at
least
essentially non-volatile.
The polyalkyl silicones that may be used herein include, for example,
polydimethyl siloxanes with viscosities ranging from about 5 to about 600,000
centistokes at 25°C. These siloxanes are available, for example, from
General Electric
Company as the Viscasil series and from Dow Corning as the Dow Corning 200
series. The viscosity can be measured by means of a glass capillary
viscosmeter as set
forth in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM0004, Jul. 20, 1970. Preferably
the viscosity ranges from about 50 centistokes to about 150,000 centistokes
and most
preferably from about 350 centistokes to about 100,000 centistokes.
The polyallcylaryl silicones that may be used include, for example,
polymethylphenylsiloxanes having viscosities of from about 15 to about 65
centistokes at 25°C. These siloxanes are available, for example, from
the General
Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluid or from Dow Corning as 556
Cosmetic Grade Fluid. Additionally, poly(dimethyl siloxane) (diphenyl
siloxane)
copolymers having a viscosity in the range of from about 10 to about 100,000
centistokes at 25°C are useful. The polyether siloxane copolymer that
may be used is,
for example, a polypropylene oxide modified dimethylpolysiloxane (e.g., Dow
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Coming DC-1248, although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and
propylene oxide may also be used.
References disclosing suitable silicones include U.S. Patent No. 2,826,551,
issued March 11, 1958; Green; U.S. Patent No. 3,964,500, issued June 22, 1967,
Drakoff; U.S. Patent No. 4,364,837, issued December 21, 1982, Pader; and
British
Patent No. 849,433, Wooston, published September 28, 1960. All of these
patents are
incorporated herein by reference. Also incorporated herein by reference is
Silicon
Compounds, distributed by Petrarch Systems, Inc., 1984. This reference
provides a
good listing of suitable silicone material.
Although not essential and can be omitted the presence of a cationic polymer
in the composition is preferred.
Cationic polymers includes but are not limited to the following
groups:
(i} cationic polysaccharides;
(ii) cationic copolymers of saccharides and synthetic
cationic monomers, and
(iii) synthetic polymers selected from the group consisting
of:
a. cationic polyalkylene imines
b. cationic ethoxy polyalkylene imines
c. cationic
poly[N-[3-(dimethylammonio)propyl]
N'[3-(ethyleneoxyethylene
dimethylammonio)propyl]urea dichloride]
d. in general a polymer having a quaternary
ammonium or substituted ammonium ion.
The cationic polysaccharide class encompasses those polymers based on 5 or
6 carbon sugars and derivatives which have been made cationic by engrafting of
cationic moieties onto the polysaccharide backbone. They may be composed of
one
type of sugar or of more than one type, i.e. copolymers of the above
derivatives and
cationic materials. The monomers may be in straight chain or branched chain
geometric arrangements. Cationic polysaccharide polymers include the
following:
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cationic cell uloses and hydroxyethylcelluloses; cationic starches and
hydroxyalkyl
starches; cationic polymers based on arabinose monomers such as those which
could
be derived from arabinose vegetable gums; cationic polymers derived from
xylose
polymers found in materials such as wood, straw, cottonseed hulls, and corn
cobs;
cationic polymers derived from fucose polymers found as a component of cell
walls
in seaweed; cationic polymers derived from fructose polymers such as Inulin
found
in certain plants; cationic polymers based on acid containing sugars such as
galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid; cationic polymers based on amine sugars
such
as galactosamine and glucosamine; cationic polymers based on 5 and 6 membered
ring polyalcohols; cationic polymers based on galactose monomers which occur
in
plant gums and mucilages; cationic polymers based on mannose monomers such as
those found in plants, yeasts, and red algae; cationic polymers based on
galactommannan copolymer known as guar gum obtained from the endosperm of the
guar bean.
Specific examples of members of the cationic polysaccharide class include
the cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose JR 400 made by Union Carbide Corporation;
the
cationic starches Stalok~ 100, 200, 300, and 400 made by Staley, Inc.; the
cationic
galactomannans based on guar gum of the Galactasol 800 series by Henkel, Inc.
and
the Jaguar Series by Celanese Corporation.
The cationic copolymers of saccharides and synthetic cationic monomers
useful in the present invention encompass those containing the following
saccharides:
glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, fucose, fructose, glucosamine,
galactosamine, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, and 5 or 6 membered ring
polyalcohols. Also included are hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl
derivatives of the above sugars. When saccharides are bonded to each other in
the
copolymers, they may be bonded via any of several arrangements, such as 1,4-a;
1,4-(i; 1,3a; 1,3; 1,3(3; and 1,6 linkages. The synthetic cationic monomers
for use in
these copolymers can include dimethyidiallylammonium chloride,
dimethylaminoethylmethyacrylate, diethyidiallylammonium chloride,
N,N-dia11y1,N-N-dialklyl ammonium halides, and the like. A preferred cationic
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polymer is Polyquaternium 7 prepared with dimethyidialkylammonium chloride and
acrylamide monomers.
Examples of members of the class of copolymers of saccharides and synthetic
cationic monomers include those composed of cellulose derivatives (e.g.
hydroxyethyl cellulose) and N,N-dia11y1,N-N-dialkyl ammonium chloride
available
from National Starch Corporation under the tradename Celquat.
Further cationic synthetic polymers useful in the present invention are
cationic polyalkylene imines, ethoxypolyalkelene imines, and
poly{N[3-(dimethylammonio)-propyl]-N'-[3- (ethyleneoxyethylene
dimethylammoniumo) propyl]urea dichloride] CAS Reg. No. 68555-336-2. Preferred
cationic polymeric skin conditioning agents of the present invention are those
cationic polysaccharides of the cationic guar gum class with molecular weights
of
1,000 to 3,000,000. More preferred molecular weights are from 2,500 to
350,000.
These polymers have a polysaccharide backbone comprised of galactomannan units
and a degree of cationic substitution ranging from about 0.04 per
anydroglucose unit
to about 0.80 per anydroglucose unit with the substituent cationic group being
the
adduct of 2,3-epoxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride to the natural
polysaccharide backbone. Examples are JAGUAR C-14-S, C-15 and C-17 sold by
Celanese Corporation, which trade literature reports have 1 % viscosities of
from 125
cps to about 3500 + S00 cps.
Still further examples of cationic polymers include the polymerized materials
such as certain quaternary ammonium salts, copolymers of various materials
such as
hydroxyethyl cellulose and dialkyidimethyl ammonium chloride, acrylamide and
beta
methacryloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium methosulfate, the quaternary ammonium
salt of methyl and stearyl dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with
dimethyl sulfate, quaternary ammonium polymer formed by the reaction of
diethyl
sulfate, a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and dimethyl aminoethylmethacrylate,
quaternized guars and guar gums and the like. Exemplary of cationic polymers
which
can be used to make the complexes of this invention include, as disclosed in
the
CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary (Fourth Edition, 1991, pages
461
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WO 99/62477 I 3 PCT/US99112102
-464); Polyquaternium -I, -2, -4 (a copolymer of hydroxyethylcellulose and
diallyidimethyl ammonium chloride), -5 (the copolymer of acrylamide and beta
methacrylyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium methosulfate), -6 (a polymer of
dimethyl
diallyl ammonium chloride), -7 (the polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of
S acrylamide and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride monomers, -8 (the
polymeric 5
quaternary ammonium salt of methyl and stearyl dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate
quaternized with dimethyl sulfate), -9 (the polymeric quaternary ammonium salt
of
polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with methyl bromide), -10 (a
polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a
trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide), - I 1 (a quaternary ammonium polymer
formed by the reaction of diethyl sulfate and a copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone
and
dimethyl aminoethylmethacrylate), -12 (a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt
prepared by the reaction of ethyl methacrylate/abietyl
methacrylate/diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer with dimethyl sulfate), -
13
(a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt prepared by the reaction of ethyl
methacrylate/oleyl methacrylate/diethylaminoethyl methacryiate copolymer with
dimethyl sulfate), -14, -15 (the copolymer of acrylamide and
betamethacrylyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride), -16 (a polymeric
quaternary
ammonium salt formed from methylvinylimidazolium chloride and
vinylpyrrolidone), -17, -18, -19 (polymeric quaternary ammonium salt prepared
by
the reaction of polyvinyl alcohol with 2,3 epcxy-propylamine), -20 (the
polymeric
quaternary ammonium salt prepared by the reaction of polyvinyl octadecyl ether
with
2,3-epoxypropylamine), -22, -24 a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of
hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a lauryl dimethyl ammonium substituted
epoxide), -27 (the block copolymer formed by the reaction of Polyquaternium-2
(q.v.) with Polyquaternium-17 (q.v.)), -28, -29 (is Chitosan (q.v.) that has
been
reacted with propylene oxide and quatemized with epichlorohydrin), and -30.
The preferred surfactant is an anionic surfactant such as soap,
alkylisethionate
such as sodium cocoylisethionate, a sulfonate, a sulfate (optionally
ethoxylated) and
the like. Mixtures of surfactants can be employed. There should be sufficient
surfactant present to bring about a cleansing effect. The surfactant
preferably anionic
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or mixtures thereof involving one or more from the other families of
illustrated
surfactants (amphoteric, nonionic and the like) with or without an additional
anionic _
surfactant, can be present in the composition in various quantities. For
example
broad minimums of the surfactant can be present at l, 2, 3, 4, S, 10, 1 S or
20 wt.% of
S the compositions, particularly where the aqueous composition is a liquid.
With
respect to liquid, aqueous, compositions, the anionic surfactant is from about
2 to
about 2S wt.% of the composition, specifically about S to about 20 wt.%. Other
surfactants may be present such as an amphoteric, particularly a betaine, and
a
nonionic, particularly an alkylated polyglycoside. Their quantities are from
about 1
to about 20 wt.% of the composition. Generally the total surfactant in a
liquid
composition is at least about 3 or 4 wt.%, preferably at least about S wt.%
and is
generally no more than about 30 wt.%, preferably no more than about 2S wt.%
but
can be as low as more than about 10, 1 S or 20 wt.%. For a solid composition,
the
total surfactant can be from about 60 to about 90 wt.%, preferably from about
70 to
1S about 8S wt.%, of the composition. Soap can be present at about 1S to about
100
wt.% of the total surfactant. "Soap-bars" generally have from about 6S to
about 90
wt.% saap therein with less than about 10 wt.%, preferably less than about S
wt.% of
other surfactant therein. Most preferably, there is zero or zero to about 2
wt.% of
other surfactant therein Bars having a smaller quantity of soap within the
disclosed
range of soap usually have a mild synthetic surfactant therein such as sodium
cocoyl
isethionate at moderate to high levels.
If present, the quantity of hydrocarbonaceous component should be at least
about 0.1, preferably from about O.S wt.% of the composition. Although about 7
or 8
2S wt.%, of the material can be employed, it is preferred to have a maximum of
about S
wt.%, preferably about 4.S wt.% of the composition. If a silicone is present
in the
composition, the minimum quantity is about 0.01 wt.% of the composition,
preferably at least about 0.1 wt.%. The maximum can vary but generally is not
above
about 7 or 8 wt.%, preferably about S wt.%, more preferably about 4.5 wt.% of
the
composition.
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WO 99/62477 15 PCT/US99/12102- '
When using a cationic polymer in the composition, the quantity of polymer is
from about 0.01 to abut 3.Owt.% of the composition preferably about 0.02 wt.%
as a _
minimum and more preferably about 0.03 wt.% as a minimum. The maximum is
generally no more than about 0.9 wt.%, or about 0.75wt.%, although lower
maximums such as about 0.6wt.% can be employed.
The form of the composition can be liquid, solid or gel. The solids can be
formulated into a "bar" which can be hand gel for cleansing purposes. The
liquids can
be formulated with such viscosities that are pourable from containers or
expelled by a
hand activated pump, for example.
Fragrance benefits, used in this specfication, can include enhanced deposition
on skin, extended release of fragrance from the skin, selective deposition on
skin of
specific compounds associated with providing an aroma, and the like. The
fragrance
should be present in quantities to provide an aroma. Generally, at least about
0.01
wt.%, preferably at least about 0.1 wt.% of the composition is a fragrance. A
maximum quantity is generally dependent upon the strength and quantity of
aroma
desired. Usually not more than about 2 wt.%, preferably not more than about
1.5
wt.% of the composition of fragrance is employed.
