Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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HAIF; CARE COMPOSITIONS
:>
1 Ci
The present invention relates to hair care compositions. In particular, it
relates to
hair care compositions which give good conditioning/shine to the hair with
reduced feelings of tackiness rind greasiness.
15 Background to the Invention
Hair is often subjected to a wide variety of insults that can cause damage.
These
include shampooing, rinsing, drying, heating, combing, styling, perming,
colouring, exposure to the elements etc. Thus the hair is often in a dry,
rough,
20 lusterless or frizzy condition due to abrasion of the hair surface and
removal of
the hair's natural oils and other natural conditioning and moisturizing
components.
A variety of approaches have been developed to alleviate these conditions.
25 These include the use of ultra mild shampoo compositions, the use of hair
conditioning shampoos which attempt to both cleanse and condition the hair
from
a single product and the use of hair conditioning formulations such as rinse-
off
and leave-on products.
30 Leave-on hair care formulations provide added advantages over the other
approaches. For example, leave-on formulations are more cost effective and
work for a longer duration because the conditioning ingredients remain on the
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7
hair. They are more convenient because the consumer can use the product at
any time and does not have to wait to rinse the product. Also, the product may
be applied to the parts of the hair most in need of the conditioning benefits.
Cationic polysaccharides are well known in the art for providing conditioning
benefits. See, for example, WO-A-97/35542, WO-A-97/35545, WO-A-97/35546,
all of which describe the use of cationic polysaccharides in conditioning
shampoo
compositions. GB-A-2,211,192 describes the use of cationic polysaccharides in
a rinse-off conditioning composition. DE-A-4,326,866 describes a composition
for use prior to cutting of the hair that comprises a cationic polysaccharide.
JP-
54 138 133 describes hair product compositions containing polypeptides and
cationic celluloses. However, these cationic polysaccharides are also known to
cause stickiness or tackiness. This can lead to the consumer feeling the hair
is
dirty or greasy, especially with leave-on conditioning compositions where
there is
no rinsing step.
It has now been surprisingly found that cationic polymer having a cationic
charge
density of greater than 1.5meq/g and a weight average molecular weight of
greater than about 900,000 provide improved shine/conditioning benefits to the
hair with reduced tackiness and greasiness.
While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the high cationic
charge density makes the polymer more substantive to the hair providing good
conditioning benefits. The cationic groups interact with the negative charge
on
the hair. Binding sites occur more frequently due to the increased frequency
of
said cationic groups along the polymer. The more frequent interactions may
'pull'
the polymer backbone into closer association with the hair fibre thus reducing
the
depth of the hydrocarbon layer and reducing its tendency to interact with
other
surfaces such as skin on the fingers. Hence, there is a reduced feeling of
tackiness and, due to the close association of polymer and hair, an enhanced
shine.
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Summary of the Invention
According to the present invention there is provided a hair care composition
comprising cationic polymer with a charge density of greater than about
1.5meq/g and a weight average molecular weight of greater than about 800,000.
The compositions of the present invention have reduced tackiness and
greasiness while delivering good conditioninglshine benefits.
All concentrations and ratios herein are by weight of the hair care
composition,
unless otherwise specified.
All averages are weight averages unless otherwise specified.
~15 Detaile:d Description of the Invention
The hair care compositions .of the present invention comprise cationic polymer
which will be described in more detail below. Generally, the compositions of
the
present invention will comprise less than about 5% preferably less than about
2%, by weight, of anionic suri~actant.
As used herein the terms "tacky" and "tackiness" means the adhesive feeling of
the hair after the application of some hair care compositions.
:?5 As used herein the term "leave-on" means a hair care composition that is
intended to be used without a rinsing step. Therefore, leave-on compositions
will
generally be left on the hair until the consumer next washes their hair as
part of
their cleansing regimen. Leave-on will generally comprise less than about 5%
of
anionic surfactant and will generally comprise less than 5% of non-ionic
:i0 surfactant.
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4
Cationic Polymer
An essential feature of the compositions of the present invention is that they
comprise a cationic polymer. The cationic polymers of the present compositions
have a cationic charge density of greater than about 1.5meq/g, preferably
greater
than about 1.6 meq/g, more preferably greater than about 1.7meq/g, even more
preferably greater than about 1.8meq/g. Generally the cationic polymers will
have a cationic charge density of less than about 5meq/g, preferably less than
about 3.5meq/g, more preferably less than about 2.5meqlg, even more
preferably less than about 2.2meq/g.
The "cationic charge density" of a polymer refers to the ratio of the number
of
positive charges on a monomeric unit of which the polymer is comprised to the
molecular weight of said monomeric unit, i.e.:
number of positive charges
Cationic Charge Density =
monomeric unit molecular weight
The cationic charge density of the cationic polymers herein can be determined
using the Kjeldahl Method (United States Pharmacopoeia - Chemical tests -
<461> Nitrogen Determination - method II). Those skilled in the art will
recognise
that the charge density of some of the polymers herein may vary depending upon
pH and the isoelectric point of the cationic charge groups. The charge density
should be within the above limits at the pH of intended use.
The cationic polymers of the present invention have a molecular weight of
greater than about 900,000, preferably greater than about 1 million. Generally
the cationic polymers of the present invention will have a molecular weight of
less
than about 3 million, preferably less than about 2.2 million, more preferably
less
than about 1.8 million, even more preferably less than about 1.5 million.
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S
The cationic polymers of the present invention generally comprise from about 1
to about 10%, preferably frorn about 2% to about 5%, more preferably from
about
2.3% to about 3%, even more preferably from about 2.5% to about 2..9%, by
weight, of cationic nitrogen.
The concentration of the cationic polymers should be sufficient to provide the
desired conditioning benefits. Such concentrations generally range from about
0.001 % to about 20%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 10%, more
preferably from about 0.01 ~% to about 2%, even more preferably from about
0.05% to about 1 %, by weight, of the total composition.
The cationic polymers of the present invention are preferably water-soluble.
By
"water soluble" cationic polymer, what is meant is a polymer which is
sufficiently
soluble in water to form a substantially clear solution to the naked eye at a
concentration of 0.1 % in water (distilled or equivalent) at 25°C.
Preferably, the
polymer will be sufficiently soluble to form a substantially clear sohtion at
0.5%
concentration, more preferably at 1.0% concentration.
As used herein, the term "~poiymer" shall include materials whether made by
polymerization of one type of monomer or made by two (i.e., copolymers) or
more types of monomers.
Any anionic counterions can be utilized for the cationic polymers so long as
the
water solubility criteria is met. Suitable counterions include halides {e.g."
CI, Br,
I, or F, preferably Cl, Br, or I), sulfate, and methylsulfate. Others can also
be
used, as this list is not exclusive.
The cationic nitrogen-containing moiety will be present generally as a
substituent,
on a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationic hair conditioning
polymers.
Thus, the cationic polymer can comprise copolymers, terpoiymers, etc. of
quaternary ammonium or cationic amine-substituted monomer units and other
non-cationic units referred to herein as spacer monomer units. Such polymers
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6
are known in the art, and a variety can be found in the CTFA International
Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 7th edition, edited by Wenninger
and McEwen, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc.,
Washington, D.C., 1997).
Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinyl monomers
having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water
soluble
spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl
acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkyl acrylate, alkyl
methacrylate,
vinyl caprolactone, and vinyl pyrrolidone. The alkyl and dialkyl substituted
monomers preferably have C1-C7 alkyl groups, more preferably C1-C3 alkyl
groups. Other suitable spacer monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohol
(made by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate), malefic anhydride, propylene
glycol,
and ethylene glycol.
The cationic amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines, depending
upon the particular species and the pH of the composition. In general,
secondary and tertiary amines, especially tertiary amines, are preferred.
Amine-substituted vinyl monomers can be polymerised in the amine form, and
then optionally can be converted to ammonium by a quaternization reaction.
Amines can also be similarly quaternized subsequent to formation of the
polymer. For example, tertiary amine functionalities can be quaternized by
reaction with a salt of the formula R'X wherein R' is a short chain alkyl,
preferably
a C1-C7 alkyl, more preferably a C1-C3 alkyl, and X is an anion which forms a
water soluble salt with the quatemized ammonium.
Suitable cationic amino and quaternary ammonium monomers include, for
example, vinyl compounds substituted with dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate,
dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylate,
monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, trialkyl methacryloxyalkyl ammonium salt,
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trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammoniunn salt, diallyl quaternary ammonium salts, and
vinyl
quaternary ammonium monomers having cyclic cationic nitrogen-containing rings
such as pyridinium, imidazolium, and quaternized pyrrolidone, e.g., alkyl
vinyl
imidazolium, alkyl vinyl pyridinium, alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts. The alkyl
portions
~~ of these monomers are preferably lower alkyls such as the C1-C3 alkyls,
more
preferably C1 and C2 alkyls. Suitable amine-substituted vinyl monomers for use
herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkyiaminoalkyl methacrylate,
dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide, and dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamide, wherein
the
alkyl groups are preferably C1-C7 hydrocarbyls, more preferably C1-C3, alkyls.
1G
The cationic polymers hereof can comprise mixtures of monomer units derived
from amine- and/or quaternary ammonium-substituted monomer and/or
compatible spacer monomers.
1 ~~ Preferred cationic polymers for use herein are cationic polymers and
copolymers
of saccharides. The cationic polysaccharides useful in the present invention
include those polymers based) on 5 or 6 carbon sugars and derivatives which
have been made water-solublf: by, for example, derivatising them with ethylene
oxide. These polymers may be bonded via any of several arrangements, such
20 as 1,4-a, 1,4-~3, 1,3-a, 1,3-~ and 1,6 linkages. The monomers may be in
straight
chain or branched chain geometric arrangements.
Suitable non-limiting examples of cationic polysaccharides include those based
on the following: cE:lluloses, hydroxyalkylcelluloses, starches,
2~ hydroxyalkylstarches, polymers based on arabinose monomers, polymers
derived from xylose, polymers derived from fucose, polymers derived from
fructose, polymers based on .acid-containing sugars such as galacturonic acid
and giucuronic acid, polymers based on amine sugars such as galactosamine
and glucosamine particularly acetylglucosamine, polymers based on 5 or 6
3C membered ring polyalcohols, polymers based on galactose, polymers based on
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mannose monomers and polymers based on galactomannan copolymer known
as guar gum.
Preferred for providing shine and conditioning benefits to the hair with
reduced
tack and greasiness are cationic polymers based on celluloses and
acetylglucosamine derivatives, especially cationic polymers of cellulose
derivatives. Non-limiting examples of suitable cationic polymers are those
available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) as salts of hydroxyethyl
cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in
the
industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10. Background material on these polymers
and their manufacture, can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,472,840 (issued Oct. 14
1969 to Stone), herein incorporated by reference. Other types of cationic
cellulose include the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl
cellulose reacted with lauryi dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred
to
in the industry (CTFA} as Polyquaternium 24, available from Amerchol Corp.
(Edison, NJ, USA) and polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl
cellulose reacted with diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, referred to in the
industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 4, available from National Starch
(Salisbury,
NC, USA).
The cationic copolymers of saccharides useful in the present invention
encompass those containing the following saccharide monomers: glucose,
galactose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, fucose, fructose, glucosamine,
galactosamine, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, and 5 or 6 membered ring
polyalcohols. Also included are hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl
derivatives of the above sugars. When saccharides are bonded to each other in
the copolymers, they may be bonded via any of several arrangements, such as
1,4-a, 1,4-Vii, 1,3-a, 1,3-~i and 1,6 linkages. Any other monomers can be used
as
long as the resultant polymer is suitable for use in hair care. Non-limiting
examples of other monomers useful herein include dimethyldiallylammonium
chloride, dimethylaminoethylmethyl acrylate, diethyldiallylammonium chloride,
N,N-dialIyI,N-N-dialkyl ammonium halides, and the like.
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As discussed above, the cationic polymer hereof is water soluble. This does
not
mean, however, that it must be soluble in the composition. Preferably however,
the cationic polymer is either soluble in the composition, or in a complex
coacervate phase in the composition formed by the cationic polymer and anionic
material. Complex coacervates of the cationic polymer can be formed with
anionic surfactants or with anionic polymers that can optionally be added to
the
compositions hereof (e.g., soclium polystyrene sulfonate).
Optional Ingredients
The hair care compositions of the present invention can further comprise a
number of optional ingredients. Some non-limiting examples of these optional
ingredients are given below.
Silicone conditioning agent
The compositions of the prEaent invention may optionally include a silicone
conditioning component. The silicone conditioning component may comprise
volatile silicone, nonvolatile silicone, or mixtures thereof. As used herein,
"nonvolatile" refers to silicone material with little or no significant vapour
pressure
under ambient conditions, as is understood by those in the art. Boiling point
under one atmosphere (atm) will preferably be at least about 250°C,
more
preferably at least about 275"C, most preferably at least about 300°C.
Wapour
pressure is preferably about 0.2mm Hg at 25°C or less, preferably about
0.1 mm
Hg at 25°C or less.
The silicone conditioning connponent for use herein can be a silicone fluid, a
silicone gums, silicone resins and mixtures thereof. References disclosing non-
limiting examples of some suii:able silicone hair conditioning agents, and
optional
suspending agents for the silicone, are described in WO-A-94/08557 (Brook et
al.), U.S. Patent 5,756,436 (Royce et al.), U.S. Patent 5,104,646 (Bolich Jr.
et
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al.), U.S. Patent 5,106,609 (Bolich Jr. et al.) and U.S. Reissue 34,584 (Grote
et
al.) British Patent 849,433, all of which are incorporated herein by
reference.
Silicone resins are highly cross-linked siloxane systems where the
crosslinking is
5 introduced through the incorporation of trifunctional and tetrafunctional
silanes
with monofunctional or difunctional, or both, silanes during manufacture of
the
silicone resin. As is well understood in the art, the degree of crosslinking
that is
required in order to result in a silicone resin will vary according to the
specific
silane units incorporated into the silicone resin. In general, silicone
materials
10 which have a sufficient level of trifunctional and tetrafunctional siloxane
monomer
units (and hence, a sufficient level of crosslinking) such that they dry down
to a
rigid, or hard, film are considered to be silicone resins. The ratio of oxygen
atoms to silicor~ atoms is indicative of the level of crosslinking in a
particular
silicone material. Silicone materials which have at least about 1.1 oxygen
atoms
per silicon atom will generally be silicone resins herein. Preferably, the
ratio of
oxygen:silicon atoms is at least about 1.2:1Ø Silanes used in the
manufacture
of silicone resins include monomethyl, dimethyl, trimethyi, monophenyl,
Biphenyl,
methylphenyl, ethylphenyl, propylphenyl, monovinyl, and
methylvinylchlorosilanes, and tetrachlorosifane.
If present, the silicone resin will generally comprise from about 0.001 % to
about
10%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 5%, more preferably from about
0.01 % to about 2%, even more preferably from about 0.1 % to about 1 %, by
weight, of the total composition.
Any polysiloxane resin suitable for use in hair care compositions may be used
herein including those possessing hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy,
alkaryl,
arylalkyl arylalkoxy, alkaryloxy and alkamino substituents. However, preferred
polysifoxane resins have at least one substituent group possessing delocalised
electrons. This substituent can be selected from alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkaryl,
arylalkyl arylalkoxy, alkaryloxy, and combinations thereof. Preferred are
aryl,
arylalkyl and alkaryl substituents. More preferred are alkaryl and aryialkyl
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substituents. Even more preferred are alkaryl substituents, particularly 2-
phenyl
propyl. Whereas it is preferred that at least one substituent have delocalised
electrons, the resins herein will also generally have other substituents
without
delocalised electrons. Such other substituents can include hydrogen, hydroxyl,
~~ alkyl, alkoxy, amino functionalities and mixtures thereof. Preferred are
alkyl
substituents, especially methyl substituents.
As used herein the term "aryl" means a functionality containing one or more
homocyclic or , heterocyciic rings. The aryl functionalities herein can be
1U unsubstituted or substituted and generally contain from 3 to 16 carbon
atoms.
Preferred aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl,
cyclopentadienyl, anthracyl, pyrene, pyridine, pyrimidine
As used herein the term "alkyl"' means a saturated or unsaturated, substituted
or
1:. unsubstituted, straight or branched-chain, hydrocarbon having from 1 to 10
carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The term "alkyl" therefore
includes alkenyls having from 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 4, carbons and alkynyls
having from 2 to 8, preferably :? to 4, carbons. Preferred alkyl groups
include, but
are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, and butyl. More
preferred are
2U methyl, ethyl and propyl.
As used herein the term "alkaryl" means a substituent comprising an alkyl
moiety
and an aryl moiety wherein the alkyl moiety is bonded to the siloxane resin.
2~~ As used herein the term "arylalkyl" means a substituent comprising an aryl
moiety and an alkyl moiety wherein the aryl moiety is bonded to the siloxane
resin.
Silicone materials and silicone resins in particular, can conveniently be
identified
30 according to a shorthand nomenclature system well known to those skilled in
the
art as "MDTQ" nomenclature;. Under this system, the silicone is described
according to presence of variious siloxane monomer units which make up the
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silicone. Briefly, the symbol M denotes the monofunctional unit (CH3)3Si00,5;
D
denotes the difunctional unit (CH3)2Si0; T denotes the trifunctional unit
(CH3)Si01.5; and Q denotes the quadri- or tetra-functional unit Si02. Primes
of
the unit symbols, e.g., M', D', T', and Q' denote siloxane units with one or
more
substituents other than methyl, and must be specifically defined for each
occurrence. Therefore, the preferred polysiloxane resins for use herein have
at
least one M', D', T' or Q' functionality that possesses a substituent group
with
delocalised electrons. Preferred substituents are as defined hereinabove. The
molar ratios of the various units, either in terms of subscripts to the
symbols
indicating the total number of each type of unit in the silicone (or an
average
thereof) or as specifically indicated ratios in combination with molecular
weight
complete the description of the silicone material under the MDTQ system.
Preferred polysiloxane resins for use herein are MQ and M'Q resins, more
preferred are M'Q resins especially M'6Q3, M'8Q4. M',oQs, M',2Q6 resins and
mixtures thereof. Preferred M'Q resins are those which have at least one group
containing delocalised electrons substituted on each M' functionality. More
preferred are resins where the other substituent groups are alkyl, especially
methyl.
The polysiloxane resins for use herein will preferably have a viscosity of
less than
about 5000 mmzs-', more preferably less than about 2000 mm2s-', even more
preferably less than about 1000 mm2s-', even more still preferably less than
about 600 mm2s-', at 25°C. The viscosity can be measured by means of a
Cannon-Fenske Routine Viscometer (ASTM D-445).
Background material on polysiloxane resins suitable for use herein, including
details of their manufacture, can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,539,137;
5,672,338; 5,686,547 and 5,684,112, all of which are incorporated herein by
reference.
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Silicone fluids for use in the present compositions include silicone oils
which are
flowable silicone materials uvith a viscosity of less than 1,000,000 mm2s-',
preferably between about 5 and 1,000,000 mm2s~', more preferably between
about 10 and about 600,000 mm2s-', more preferably between about 10 and
about 500,000 mm2s~', most preferably between 10 and 350,000 mmZs' at
25°C.
The viscosity can be measurE:d by means of a glass capillary viscometer as set
forth in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM0004, July 20, 1970. Suitable
silicone oils include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl sifoxanes, polyarylalkyl
siloxanes, polyalkaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures
thereof. Other insoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids having conditioning
properties
can also be used.
Silicone oils for use in the composition include polyalkyl or polyaryl
siloxanes
which conform to following fonrula:
R R R
R~-Si-O Si-O Si-R
R R R
where R is aliphatic, preferably alkyl or alkenyl, or aryl, R can be
substituted or
unsubstituted, and x is an intE:ger from 1 to about 8,000. Suitable
unsubstituted
R groups include alkoxy, aryloxy, alkaryl, arylalkyl, alkamino, and ether-
substituted, hydroxyl-substituted, and halogen-substituted aliphatic and aryl
groups. Suitable R groups also include cationic amines and quaternary
ammonium groups.
The aliphatic or aryl groups substituted on the sifoxane chain may have any
structure as long as the resulting silicones remain fluid at room temperature,
are
hydrophobic, are neither irritaiting, toxic nor otherwise harmful when applied
to
the hair, are compatible with 'the other components of the herein described
hair
care compositions, are chemically stable under normal use and storage
conditions, are insoluble in the compositions of the present invention and are
capable of conditioning the hair.
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The two R groups on the silicon atom of each monomeric silicone unit may
represent the same group or different groups. Preferably, the two R groups
represent the same group.
Preferred alkyl and alkenyl substituents are C~-C5 alkyls and alkenyls, more
preferably from C~-C4, most preferably from C~-C2. The aliphatic portions of
other alkyl-, alkenyl-, or alkynyl-containing groups (such as alkoxy, alkaryl,
and
alkamino) can be straight or branched chains and preferably have from one to
five carbon atoms, more preferably from one to four carbon atoms, even more
preferably from one to three carbon atoms, most preferably from one to two
carbon atoms. As discussed above, the R substituents hereof can also contain
amino functionalities, e.g. alkamino groups, which can be primary, secondary
or
tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium. These include mono-, di- and tri-
alkylamino and alkoxyamino groups wherein the aliphatic portion chain length
is
preferably as described above. The R substituents can also be substituted with
other groups, such as halogens (e.g. chloride, fluoride, and bromide),
halogenated aliphatic or aryl groups, and hydroxy (e.g. hydroxy substituted
aliphatic groups). Suitable halogenated R groups could include, for example,
tri-
halogenated (preferably fluoro) alkyl groups such as -R~-C(F)3, wherein R~ is
C~-C3 alkyl. Examples of such polysiloxanes include polymethyl -3,3,3
trifluoropropylsiloxane.
Suitable R groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl and
phenylmethyl. The preferred silicones are polydimethyl siloxane,
polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylphenylsiloxane. Polydimethylsifoxane is
especially preferred. Other suitable R groups include methyl, methoxy, ethoxy,
propoxy, and aryloxy. The three R groups on the end caps of the silicone may
also represent the same or different groups.
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The nonvolatile polyalkylsiloxane fluids that may be used include, for
example,
polydimethylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the
General Electric Company in their Viscasil R and SF 96 series, and from Dow
Corning in their Dow Corning :?00 series.
The polyalkylaryl siloxane fluids that may be used, also include, for example,
polymethylphenylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, for example, from
the
General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluid or from Dow Corning
as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid.
11)
The polyether siloxane copolymers that may be used include, for example, a
polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane (e.g., Dow Corning DC-1248)
although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may
also be used. For insoluble silicones the ethylene oxide and polypropylene
oxide
1 a level must be sufficiently low to prevent solubility in water and the
composition
hereof.
Other suitable silicone fluids for use in the silicone conditioning agents are
insoluble silicone gums. The~~e gums are polyorganosiloxane materials having a
2n viscosity at 25°C of greater than or equal to 1,000,000 centistokes.
Silicone
gums are described in U.S. Patent 4,152,416; Noll and Walter, Chemist~i and
Technology of Silicones, New York: Academic Press 1968; and in General
Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30, SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76,
all of which are incorporated herein by reference. The silicone gums will
typically
have a mass molecular weight in excess of about 200,000, generally between
about 200,000 and about 1,000,000, specific examples of which include
polydimethylsiloxane, (polydimethylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer,
poly(dimethylsiloxane) (diphenyl siloxane)(methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer and
mixtures thereof.
The silicone conditioning agent can also comprise a mixture of
polydimethylsiloxane gum (viscosity greater than about 1,000,000 centistokes)
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and polydimethylsiloxane oil (viscosity from about 10 to about 100,000
centistokes), wherein the ratio of gum to fluid is from about 30:70 to about
70:30,
preferably from about 40:60 to about 60:40.
The number average particle size of the optional silicone component can vary
widely without limitation and will depend on the formulation and/or the
desired
characteristics. Number average particle sizes preferred for use in the
present
invention will typically range from about 10 nanometres to about 100 microns,
more preferably from about 30 nanometres to about 20 microns.
Background material on silicones including sections discussing silicone
fluids,
gums, and resins, as well as manufacture of silicones, can be found in
Encyclopaedia of Polymer Science and Enqineerinq (Volume 15, Second Edition,
pp. 204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 1989), incorporated herein by
reference.
Cationic Conditioning Agents
The compositions of the present invention can also comprise one or more
additional cationic polymeric conditioning agents.
Non-limiting examples of suitable cationic hair conditioning polymers include,
for
example: copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazofium
salt (e.g., chloride salt) (referred to in the industry by the Cosmetic,
Toiletry, and
Fragrance Association, "CTFA", as Polyquaternium-16), such as those
commercially available from BASF Wyandotte Corp. (Parsippany, NJ, USA)
under the LUVIQUAT tradename (e.g., LUVIQUAT FC 370); copolymers of
1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (referred to in the
industry by CTFA as Polyquaternium-11 ) such as those commercially available
from Gaf Corporation (Wayne, NJ, USA) under the GAFQUAT tradename {e.g.,
GAFQUAT 755N); cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymers,
including, for example, dimethyldiallyiammonium chloride homopolymer and
CA 02335036 2000-12-12
WO 00/06103 PCT/US99/06115
17
copolymers of acryiamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, referred to in
the industry (CTFA) as Polyq,uaternium 6 and Polyquaternium 7, respectively;
and mineral acid salts of amino-alkyl esters of homo- and co-polymers of
unsaturated carboxylic acids having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, as described in
ti U.S. Patent 4,009,256, incorporated herein by reference.
Sensates
The hair care compositions of the present invention may also comprise a
1() sensate. As used herein the term "sensate" means a substance that, when
applied to the skin, causes a perceived sensation of a change in conditions,
for
example, but not limited to, heating, cooling, refreshing and the like.
Sensates are preferably utilizE:d at levels of from about 0.001 % to about
10%,
more preferably from about 0.005% to about 5%, even more preferably from
about 0.01 % to about 1 %, by vveight, of the total composition.
Any sensate suitable for use in hair care compositions may be used herein. A
non-limiting, exemplary list of auitable sensates can be found in GB-B-
1315626,
2U GB-B-1404596 and GB-B-1411785, all incorporated by reference herein.
Preferred sensates for use in the compositions herein are camphor, menthol,
I-isopulegol, ethyl menthane carboxamide and trimethyl isopropyl butanamide.
C, C:, Aliphatic Alcohols
2j)
The compositions of the present invention may optionally comprise C,-Cs,
preferably CZ C3, more preferably C2, aliphatic alcohol. The aliphatic alcohol
will
generally comprise from about 1 % to about 75%, preferably from about 10% to
about 40%, more preferably from about 15% to about 30%, even more preferably
3U from about 18% to about 26%, by weight, of the total composition.
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WO 00/06103 PCT/US99/06115
18
Viscosity Modifier
The compositions of the present invention can also comprise viscosity
modifiers.
Any viscosity modifier suitable for use in hair care compositions may be used
herein. Generally, if present, the viscosity modifier will comprise from about
0.01 % to about 10%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 5%, more preferably
from about 0.1 % to about 3%, by weight, of the total composition. A non-
limiting
list of suitable viscosity modifiers can be found in the CTFA International
Cosmetic IncLredient Dictionary and Handbook, 7th edition, edited by Wenninger
and McEwen, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc.,
Washington, D.C., 1997), herein incorporated by reference.
Suitable viscosity modifiers for use herein include shear sensitive viscosity
modifiers. As used herein "shear sensitive viscosity modifiers" means
viscosity
modifiers that can form compositions whose viscosity decreases at low shear
rates. Shear rate (s') can be defined as the ratio of the velocity (ms') of
material
to its distance from a stationary object (m). Shear rates of less than about
250s~'
can be thought of as "low shear rates". Any shear sensitive viscosity modifier
suitable for use in hair care may be used herein However, preferred for use
herein are viscosity modifiers which form compositions whose viscosity
decreases at a shear rate of less than about 100s-', more preferably less than
about 50s-'. In addition, preferred shear sensitive viscosity modifiers are
those
which can form compositions whose viscosity decreases by more than about
30%, preferably more than about 50%, more preferably more than about 70%,
even more preferably more than about 80% at a shear rate of 50s-'.
Preferred viscosity modifiers for use herein are those which form compositions
whose viscosity is also sensitive to the electrolyte concentration in the
aqueous
phase, known hereafter as "salt sensitive viscosity modifiers". Background
material on the properties of salt sensitive viscosity modifiers can be found
in
American Chemical Society S,ymposium Series (1991 ), Vol. 462, pp101-120,
CA 02335036 2000-12-12
WO 00/06103 PCTlUS99/06115
19
incorporated herein by reference. Any salt sensitive viscosity modifier
suitable for
use in hair care compositions may be used herein.
Examples of suitable viscosity modifiers include, but are not limited to,
synthetic
'S hectorites, carboxylic anionic polymers/copolymers and carboxylic anionic
cross-
linked polymers/ copolymers. Preferred for use herein are carboxylic anionic
cross-linked polymers and copolymers. More preferred are carboxylic anionic
cross-linked copolymers.
1 i) The synthetic hectorites useful herein are synthetic layered silicates
such as
sodium-magnesium silicate. Examples of suitable synthetic hectorites include
those available from LaportE: Plc., United Kingdom under the trade name
Laponite.
The carboxylic anionic copolyrners useful herein can be hydrophobically-
modified
cross-linked copolymers of carboxylic acid and alkyl carboxylate, and have an
amphiphilic property. These carboxylic anionic copolymers are obtained by
copolymerising 1 ) a carboxylic acid monomer such as acrylic acid, methacrylic
acid, malefic acid, malefic anhydride, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic
acid, or
2n a-chloroacrylic acid, 2) a carboxylic ester having an alkyl chain of from 1
to about
30 carbons, and preferably 3) a crosslinking agent of the following formula:
R' C Y' Y'' Y' C R~
CH, CH,
25 wherein R1 is a hydrogen or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 30
carbons; Y1, independently, is oxygen, CH20, COO, OCO,
/ \ -C-N-
or o R2 , wherein R2 is a hydrogen or an alkyl group having
from about 1 to about 30 carbons; and Y2 is selected from (CH2)m",
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WO 00/06103 PCT/US99/06115
(CH2CH20)m~~, or (CH2CH2CH20)m~~ wherein m" is an integer of from 1 to
about 30.
Suitable carboxylic anionic copolymers herein are acrylic acid/alkyl acrylate
5 copolymers having the following formula:
~OOR' ~ ~ OOR
CI H-CH,~-' C-CH, CH - CH,
n ~ n'
CH,
Y
CH,_
H'
p
CH,
H-CHz ~ -CHZ ~ H - CH, -
COOR'' R~ COORz
m m'
P
wherein R2, independently, is a hydrogen or an alkyl of 1 to 30 carbons
wherein
10 at least one of R2 is a hydrogen, R1 is as defined above, n, n', m and m'
are
integers in which n+n'+m+m' is from about 40 to about 100, n" is an integer of
from 1 to about 30, and P is defined so that the copolymer has a molecular
weight of about 5000 to about 3,000,000.
15 Neutralizing agents may be included to neutralize the carboxylic anionic
copolymers herein. Non-limiting examples of such neutralizing agents include
sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide,
monethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diisopropanolamine,
aminomethylpropanol, tromethamine, tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine, and
20 mixtures thereof.
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WO 00/06103 PCT/US99/06115
21
Non-limiting examples of suitable carboxylic anionic viscosity modifiers,
including
details of their manufacture, can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,940,351;
5,288,814; 5,349,030; 5,373,044 and 5,468,797, all of which are incorporated
;i herein by reference. Examples of carboxylic anionic viscosity modifiers
include
those available from B.F. Goodrich, Cleveland, OH, USA under the trade names
Pemulen TR-1, Pemulen TR-2, Carbopol 980, Carbopol 981, Carbopol ETD-
2020, Carbopol ETD-2050 and Carbopol Ultrez 10. Preferred are Carbopol ETD-
2020, Carbopol, ETD-2050 and Carbopol Ultrez 10, especially Carbopol Ultrez
10.
Particularly preferred viscosity modifiers for use herein from the viewpoint
of
improving spreadability, reducing tack and improving shine are carboxylic
anionic
viscosity modifiers such as Carbopol Ultrez 10.
1 ti
Polyeth~ene glycol derivative:. of glycerides
Suitable polyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides include any
polyethylene
glycol derivative of glycerides which are water-soluble and which are suitable
for
use in a hair care composition. Suitable polyethylene glycol derivatives of
glycerides for use herein include derivatives of mono-, di- and tri-glycerides
and
mixtures thereof.
One class of polyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides suitable herein are
2;i those which conform to the general formula (I):
0
RCOCH2CH(OH)CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH
wherein n, the degree of ethoxylation, is from about 4 to about 200,
preferably
3() from about 5 to about 150, rnore preferably from about 20 to about 120,
and
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WO 00/06103 PCT/US99/06115
22
wherein R comprises an aliphatic radical having from about 5 to about 25
carbon
atoms, preferably from about 7 to about 20 carbon atoms.
Suitable polyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides can be polyethylene
glycol
derivatives of hydrogenated castor oil. For example, PEG-20 hydrogenated
castor oil, PEG-30 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil,
PEG-45 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-50 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-54
hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-55 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-60 hydrogenated
castor oil, PEG-80 hydrogenated castor oil, and PEG-100 hydrogenated castor
oil. Preferred for use in the compositions herein is PEG-60 hydrogenated
castor
oil.
Other suitable ~~~lyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides can be
polyethylene
glycol derivatives of stearic acid. For example, PEG-30 stearate, PEG-40
stearate, PEG-50 stearate, PEG-75 stearate, PEG-90 stearate, PEG-100
stearate, PEG-120 stearate, and PEG-150 stearate. Preferred for use in the
compositions herein is PEG-100 stearate.
Cationic Surfactant
Cationic surfactants useful in compositions of the present invention, contain
amino or quaternary ammonium moieties. The cationic surfactant will
preferably,
though not necessarily, be insoluble in the compositions hereof. Cationic
surfactants among those useful herein are disclosed in the following
documents,
all incorporated by reference herein: M.C. Publishing Co., McCutcheon's,
Deter~c ents & Emulsifiers, (North American edition 1979); Schwartz, et al.;
Surface Active Agents Their Chemistry and Technology, New York: Interscience
Publishers, 1949; U.S. Patent 3,155,591, Hilfer, issued November 3, 1964; U.
S.
Patent 3,929,678, Laughlin et al., issued December 30, 1975; U. S. Patent
3,959,461, Bailey et al., issued May 25, 1976; and U. S. Patent 4,387,090,
Bolich, Jr., issued June 7, 1983.
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23
Among the quaternary ammonium-containing cationic surfactant materials useful
herein are those of the general formula:
Rtw\ R3
N ~ X_
R~~ R4
li wherein R1-R4 are independently an aliphatic group of from about 1 to about
22
carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkyiene, alkylamido,
hydroxyalkyl,
aryl or alkylaryl group having from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; and X is
a
salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e.g. chloride,
bromide),
acetate, citrate, lactate, gfycolate, phosphate nitrate, sulfate, and
alkylsulfate
1t) radicals. The aliphatic group:. may contain, in addition to carbon and
hydrogen
atoms, ether linkages, and other groups such as amino groups. The longer chain
aliphatic groups, e.g., those of about 12 carbons, or higher, can be saturated
or
unsaturated. Especially prefE~rred are mono-long chain (e.g., mono C12-C22,
preferably C12-C1 g, more preferably C1 g, aliphatic, preferably alkyl), di-
short
1t5 chain (e.g., C1-C3 alkyl, preferably C1-C2 alkyl) quaternary ammonium
salts.
Salts of primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amines are also suitable
cationic
surfactant materials. The alkyl groups of such amines preferably have from
about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and may be substituted or unsubstituted.
2i) Such amines, useful herein, iinclude stearamido propyl dimethyl amine,
diethyl
amino ethyl stearamide, dimethyl stearamine, dimethyl soyamine, soyamine,
myristyl amine, tridecyl amine, ethyl stearylamine, N-tallowpropane diamine,
ethoxylated (with 5 moles of ethylene oxide) stearylamine, dihydroxy ethyl
stearylamine, and arachidylbehenylamine. Suitable amine salts include the
2:5 halogen, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, citrate, lactate, and alkyl sulfate
salts. Such
salts include stearylamine hydrochloride, soyamine chloride, stearylamine
formate, N-tallowpropane diamine dichloride, stearamidopropyl dimethylamine
citrate, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dicetyl diammonium chloride.
CA 02335036 2000-12-12
WO 00106103 PCT/US99/06115
24
Preferred for use in the compositions herein is cetyl trimethyl ammonium
chloride. Cationic amine surfactants included among those useful in the
present
invention are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,275,055, Nachtigal, et al., issued
June
23, 1981, incorporated by reference herein.
Cationic surfactants are preferably utilized at levels of from about 0.1 % to
about
10%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 5%, most preferably from about
0.3% to about 0.7%, by weight of the composition.
Fatt~Alcohols
The hair care compositions of the present invention may also comprise fatty
alcohols. Any fatty alcohol suitable for use in hair care may be used herein.
However, preferred are C8 to Cue, more preferred are C,Z to C,$, even more
preferred are C,6, fatty alcohols.
Fatty alcohols are preferably utilized at levels of from about 0.1 % to about
20%,
more preferably from about 0.25% to about 10%, most preferably from about
0.5% to about 5%, by weight of the composition.
If both fatty alcohol and cationic surfactant are present the ratio of
alcoholaurfactant is preferably in the range of from about 3:1 to about 6:1,
more
preferably 4:1.
Water
The compositions of the present invention will also generally contain water.
When present water will generally comprise from about 25% to about 99%,
preferably from about 50% to about 98%, more preferably from about 65% to
about 95%, by weight, of the total composition.
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Additional Components
The compositions herein can contain a variety of other optional components
suitable for rendering such compositions more cosmetically or aesthetically
~i acceptable or to provide them with additional usage benefits. Such
conventional
optional ingredients are well-known to those skilled in the art.
A wide variety of additional ingredients can be formulated into the present
composition. These includE;: other hair conditioning ingredients such as
1 U panthenol, panthetine, pantoi:heine, panthenyl ethyl ether, and
combinations
thereof; other solvents such as. hexylene glycol; hair-hold polymers such as
those
described in WO-A-94/08557, herein incorporated by reference; detersive
surfactants such as anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, and zwitterionic
surfactants;
additional viscosity modifiers and suspending agents such as xanthan gum, guar
1:i gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, triethanolamine, methyl cellulose, starch and
starch
derivatives; viscosity modifers such as methanolamides of long chain fatty
acids
such as cocomonoethanol amide; crystalline suspending agents; pearlescent
aids such as ethylene glycol distearate; opacifiers such as polystyrene;
preservatives such as phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl
20 paraben, imidazolidinyl urea and the hydantoins; polyvinyl alcohol; ethyl
alcohol;
pH adjusting agents, such as lactic acid, citric acid, sodium citrate,
succinic: acid,
phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate; salts, in general, such
as
potassium acetate and sodium chloride; colouring agents, such as any of the
FD&C or D&C dyes; hair oxidising (bleaching) agents, such as hydrogen
2~i peroxide, perborate and persulfate salts; hair reducing agents, such as
the
thioglycolates; perfumes; sequestering agents, such as tetrasodium
ethylenediamine tetra-acetate; anti-dandruff agents such as zinc pyrithione
(ZPT), sulfur, selenium sulfNde, coal tar, piroctone olamine, ketoconazole,
climbazole, salicylic acid; antuoxidants/ultra violet filtering agents such as
octyl
3U methoxycinnamate, benzophE:none-3 and DL-alpha tocopherol acetate; and
polymer plasticizing agents, such as glycerine, diisobutyl adipate, butyl
stearate,
and propylene glycol. Such optional ingredients generally are used
individually
CA 02335036 2000-12-12
WO 00/06103 PCT/US99/06115
26
at levels from about 0.001 % to about 10.0%, preferably from about 0.05% to
about 5.0% by weight of the composition.
Product Forms
The hair care compositions of the present invention can be formulated in a
wide
variety of product forms, including but not limited to creams, gels, aerosol
or non-
aerosol foams, mousses and sprays. Mousses, foams and sprays can be
formulated with propellants such as propane, butane, pentane, dimethylether,
hydrofluorocarbon, CO2, N20, or without specifically added propellants (using
air
as the propellant in a pump spray or pump foamer package).
Method of Use
The hair care compositions of the present invention may be used in a
conventional manner for care of human hair. An effective amount of the
composition, typically from about 1 gram to about 50 grams, preferably from
about 1 gram to about 20 grams, is applied to the hair. Application of the
composition typically includes working the composition through the hair,
generally with the hands and fingers or with a suitable implement such as a
comb or brush, to ensure good coverage. ensure good coverage. The
composition is then left on the hair, generally until the consumer next washes
their hair.
The preferred method of treating the hair therefore comprises the steps of:
(a) applying an effective amount of the hair care composition to wet, damp or
dry hair,
(b} working the hair care composition into the hair with hands and fingers or
with a suitable implement.
CA 02335036 2000-12-12
WO 00106103 PCT/US99/06115
27
The method can, optionally, comprise a further step of rinsing the hair with
water.
Examples
The following examples further illustrate the preferred embodiments within the
scope of the present invention. The examples are given solely for the purposes
of illustration and are not to b~e construed as limitations of the present
invention
as many variations of the invention are possible without departing from its
spirit
or scope. All ingredients arE: expressed on a weight percentage of the active
ingredient.
Examples I ~% wtl
I
S ra
Water _ s
Cationic Polymer of 0.075
h drox eth I cellulose'
trisodium citrate 0.70
PEG 60 hydrogenated 0.80
castor oil2
lactic acid 0.10
henox ethanol 0.20
CI 42045 Acid blue 1 0.0001
Perfume 0.10
~~~1)~~Polymer~~having~~a charge density.~of~~1.93meq/g~.
and wt average mot. wt of 1.25mitlion. Available
from Amerchol:
~..2~'C~emophor RH-60~supplied~~by BASF'........................._.
The cationic polymer and thE: trisodium citrate are added to water and stirred
thoroughly at ambient conditions until a homogenous solution is obtained. All
the
other ingredients are then mixed together and added to the homogenous
solution. The resulting solution is then stirred until homogenous.
Example II (% wt)
CA 02335036 2000-12-12
WO 00/06103 PCT/US99/06115
28
I I
Mousse
Water s
Cationic Polymer of 0.30
h drox eth I cellulose'
trisodium citrate 0.10
PEG 60 hydrogenated 0.10
castor oil2
CAPB3 0.30
lactic acid 0.02
henox ethanol 0.30
Perfume 0.25
1 ) ~Polymer~~having~~a.~charge density~~of ~~1.93meq/g~
and wt average mol. wt of 1.25million. Available
from Amerchol.
...............................................___.............................
......................................._.
2) Cremophor RH-60 supplied by BASF
3) Tegobetaine F supplied by Goldschmidt
The cationic polymer and the trisodium citrate are added to water and stirred
thoroughly at ambient conditions until a homogenous solution is obtained. All
the
other ingredients are then mixed together and added to the homogenous
solution. The resulting solution is then stirred until homogenous. The
resulting
product is then packaged in a pressurised aerosol container with volatile
propellant (propane, butane, etc.) at a fill ratio 10-15 parts concentrate to
1 part
propellant.
Examples Ill-IV (% wt~
111 IV
Cream Cream
Water s s -
Carbomer' 1.00 - A
Acrylates/C10-30 alkyl - 0.60 A
acrylate
cross of merz
Cationic Polymer of hydroxyethyl1.00 0.10 B
cellulose"
meth I arabens 0.08 - C
ro I arabens 0.04 - C
Cet I alcohol3 2.40 1.00 C
CA 02335036 2000-12-12
WO 00/06103 PCT/US99/06115
29
Stea I alcohol 0.50 C
Cetrimmonium chloride4 0.60 - C
PEG 60 h dro enated castor0.05 - C
oils
Ammonium Lau I Sul hates 0.10 - C
PEG100 stearate' - 0.13 C
Ethanol denatured - 30.00 D
Cam hor 0.10 - D
I-iso ule ole - 0.50 D
Pol uaternium 49 0.10 - D
2- hen I ro i M'Q resin' - 0.50 D
lactic acid - 0.15 D
henox ethanol 0.20 0.20 D
tetra sodium EDTA 0.01 - D
citric acid _ 0.10 - D
Perfume 0.60 1.00 D
Triethanolamine 0.40 0.40 E
i ) Carbopol Ultrez 10 supplied by BF Goodrich) 8) Coolact P supplied by
Takasago
2) Pemufen TR2 supplied by BF 9) Celquat L200 supplied by
Goodrich National Starch
3) Crodacol C-95 supplied by 10) Prepared according to GB-A-2,297,775
Croda Inc.
4) Dehyquat A supplied by Henkel11 ) Polymer having charge density
of 1.93meqlg
5) Cremophor RH-60 supplied and wt average mol. wt of 1.25million.
by BASF Available
6) Empicol AL 30/T supplied from Amerchol.
by Albright & Wilson
7) Myrj 59 supplied by iCl Surfactanla
Ingredients A are solubilized in water and then heated to 80°C. All of
ingredients
C are then added and the resulting mixture cooled by recirculation to
30°C
through a plate heat exchanger with simultaneous high shear mixing. Batch
Cooling rate is maintained at between 1.0 and 1.5°C/min. All of
ingredients D are
then added and 50% of ingredient E, the triethanolamine. This mixture is then
stirred until homogenous. Ingredient B is then solubilized in water and added
to
the main mix. This mixture is then subjected to high shear mixing until
homogenous particle size distribution is achieved. Recirculation is then
stopped
to prevent shear stress damage to product during completion of neutralisation.
The remaining ingredient E, triethanolamine, is added until the specified pH
and
viscosity is achieved.
Examgle V (%wt1
V
{Lotion)
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WO 00/06103 PCT/US99/06115
Water s -
meth I arabens 0.50 A
ro I arabens 0.40 A
Cet I alcohol' 1.60 A
Cetrimmonium chloride2 0.40 A
PEG 60 h dro enated castor 0.10 A
oil3
Cationic Polymer of hydroxyethyi0.20 B
celluloses
Dimethicone4 0.20 C
St I M'Q resin 0.20 C
zinc rithione 0.03 C
oct I methox cinnamate 0.10 C
benzo henone-3 0.02 C
DL-al ha toco herol acetate 0.03 C
~
DMDM h dantoin E 0.05 C
tetra sodium EDTA j 0.30 C
citric acid 0.20 C
Perfume 0.40 C
1 r , .._.........................._._...................................
v ~ ~~~C~~odacol C-95 ~su ~~~~~lied ~b ~~ Croda~lnc. ~~~~~...~~.~~~~ ~~~ . ;~
4 ~ DC200 ~su ~ ~~~lied~~b ~ ~ Dow Cornin
....).........................................~p............x...._.............
....................................>........................pp............x...
..........................~........................................
2?.Dehyquat.A.supplied.b~!.Henkel..._.........,_......._..._........,.._5).Poly
mer.havin char edensit of1.93me /
_. .. ...... . . . ...... .... .. . .~..
......s..................x.........................g..~...........
3) Cremophor RH-60 supplied by BASF and wt average mol. Wt of 1.25million.
Available
from Amerchol.
Ingredients A are solubilized in water and then heated to 80°C. The
resulting
mixture cooled to 30°C through a plate heat exchanger with simultaneous
high
5 shear mixing. The cooling rate is maintained at between 1.0 and
1.5°C/min. All
of ingredients C are then added. This mixture is then stirred until
homogenous.
Ingredient B is then sofubilized in water and added to the main mix. This
mixture
is then subjected to high shear mixing until homogenous particle size
distribution
is achieved.
