Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
CA 02364218 2001-12-05
METHOD AND APPARATUS
FOR TREATMENT OF BIOLOGICAL
OBJECTS, FOR EXAMPLE THE SEED,
THE PLANTS, THE MUSHROOMS,
THE EGGS, THE SPAWN, THE YEAST,
THE SOIL, AND ALSO A WATER BY
LIGHT IRRADIATION
The invention relates to agriculture, and more particularly to
methods and apparatus for presowing preparation of seed, plant
production, cultivation of plants under cover, mushroom production,
poultry farming, fish-breeding.
This invention may be most advantageously used in various fields
of agriculture and industry wherein water with stimulating properties is
required as a solvent ( for example, in biology, chemistry, food industry,
medicine, etc.).
This invention also may be advantageously used in ecology for
improvement and rehabilitation of soil in the fields and water in the
rivers and the lakes.
Known in the art is a method of presowing treatment of seed,
comprising irradiating the seed, in a sequence, first with polarized non-
coherent light in the wavelenght range from 630.0 to 650.0 nm and then
with monochromatic polarized coherent light at wavelenght 632.8 nm,
and known as an apparatus for presowing treatment of seed with light
irradiation, comprising a device for conveying the seed to the treatment
zone, means for metered feeding of seed to the device; a unit combining
a source of monochromatic radiation with a scanning mechanism; a
second unit comprising a radiation chamber; an additional light source
with an optical filter and a polaroid mounted in the said radiation
chamber; a receiving trought for treated seed with an aperture which
extends at right angle to the scanning beam from the source of
monochromatic radiation (Canadian Patent # 1156463, November 8,
1983).
This method causes a stimulating effect which results in an
improved harvest and quality of plants.
However, this method and apparatus have a number of serious
disadvantages: insufficient effectiveness of transformation of the
luminous energy to the mechanical energy of the oscillations of the
object's molecules; necessity of multiple treatment of seed on account of
the absence of resonance between the natural frequency of the
oscillations of the object's molecules and the frequency of the
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oscillations of external radiation; the absence of movement of the
interference flats relatively to the object with resonance frequency; the
absence of automatic tuning to resonance regime of the treatment for
each object.
Known in the art are various physical and chemical methods of
water treatment.
Also known in the art is a water treatment apparatus, comprising a
water line, a circuit of a coil mounted on said water line and an electric
power source, an electromagnet inserted into the said circuit through a
timer in series with the said coil, one section of the said water line is
provided with an inlet port and manufactured from transparent material, a
source of monochromatic light, the axis where of is aligned with a
geometric center of the said inlet port in the said water line section, and a
screen mounted on a core of said electromagnet and serving for periodic
interruption of the said beam radiated by the said source of
monochromatic light (Canadian Patent # 1119766, 16 March 1982).
Since pulses of monochromatic light are synchronous with
electromagnetic oscillations, the resulting resonance between them
improves the effect of radiation on the water flow and provides for
higher stability of the activation properties of water.
But however, this method and apparatus have a serious
disadvantage. There is an insufficient effectiveness of transformation of
the luminous energy to the mechanical energy of the oscillations of the
molecules of water on account of the absence of resonance between the
natural frequency of the oscillations of the molecules of water and the
frequency of the oscillations of external radiation.
The main object of the present invention is to improve the quality
of treatment of said objects, reduction of the expenditure of treatment, to
provide an apparatus for accomplishment of said method and for
automatic tuning to resonance regime of the treatment for each object.
These and other objects are accomplished by what the biological
objects and water are activated by means of transformation of the
luminous energy to the mechanical energy of the oscillations of the
object's molecules with the frequency from 1 000 Hz to 10 000 000 000
Hz by the use of resonance between the natural frequency of the
oscillations of the object's molecules and the slip frequency of the
interference flats which are generated, at least, by the two
monochromatic coherent light beams which are moved relatively the
object and each other and they are crossed at an angle from 0 and to 180
degrees.
This is achieved by the provision of an apparatus comprising a unit
combining, at least, one source of monochromatic coherent light; a
beamsplitter; a device for generation, slip and change of slip frequency
of the interference flats; the said device comprises a mirror having not
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3
less than one degree of freedom of displacement relatively to one of the
light beams, and the said mirror is disposed in beam's way between the
source of monochromatic coherent light and rotatable polyhedron with
mirror facets wherein each facet reflect, in sequence, at the same time,
not less than two light beams falling on it at an angle from 0 to 180
degrees; said unit comprises oscillator for electric oscillations in form of
chamber which has the walls comprising electric sensitive elements; also
comprises self tuning receiver-scanner of the electric oscillations is
connected electrically with oscillator and device for change of slip
frequency of the interference flats; laser is used as said source of
monochromatic coherent light and the piezoelectric elements are used as
said electric sensitive elements. In addition, there is other version of this
apparatus wherein a laser with fan angle beam is used as source of
monochromatic coherent light and beamsplitter; the said mirror of the
device for generation, slip and change of slip frequency of the
interference flats is disposed perpendicularly to plane of fan angle beam
between rotatable polyhedron with mirror facets and a treated object;
wind driven generator is used as electric power source.
Means for transportation the objects to the treatment zone may
comprise known conveying devices or the said apparatus or laser beams
are moved relatively to immovable objects.
The invention substantially consists in the following.
The biological objects, for example the seed, the plants, the
mushrooms, the eggs, the spawn, the yeast, the soil, and also a water are
activated by means of transformation of the luminous energy to the
mechanical energy of the oscillations of the object's molecules with the
frequency from 1 000 Hz to 10 000 000 000 Hz by the use of resonance
between the natural frequency of the oscillations of the object's
molecules and the slip frequency of the interference flats which are
generated, at least, by the two monochromatic coherent light beams
which are moved relatively the object and each other and they are
crossed at an angle from 0 and to 180 degrees.
Electromagnetic wave is transformed to ultrasonic wave owing to
electrostriction. The electrostriction consists in the following: electric
field is generated into medium, presses and packs of it. In
electromagnetic field with optical frequency (for example, wavelenght
632.8 nm - oscillation frequency 4.74 x 10~' Hz) molecules of medium
have not time in their movement for too fast changes of electromagnetic
field, but they have time for movement of interference flats, that is to say
alternating layers where there are by turns either very strong field or
similar to zero. If conditions of treatment are selected for present object
so that velocity of ultrasonic wave makes velocity of interference flats
then there is obtained phenomenon of resonance (according to equation
of L.Brillouin).
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In that case, the power of light waves is transformed to the power
of ultrasonic waves at most as a result of the resonant electrostriction.
In addition this method of treatment of biological objects or water
(resonant laser-ultra-sonic activation) simultaneously with the help of
two sorts of energy realizes the phenomenon of synergism by when the
effect of activation of said objects is much more over the effect of
activation with the help of light irradiation or ultrasonic separately.
The present apparatus is tuned to the natural frequency of the
oscillations of the biological objects or water in automatic conditions and
excites the phenomenon of resonance between the natural frequency of
the oscillations of the object's molecules and the slip frequency of the
interference flats that is the luminous energy is used for activation of said
objects at most.
On account of that, the biological objects have more high reserve
of free energy and water have characteristics of activated water which
can remain 30 days and more on the basis of the effect "structural
memory" .
The structural activated water gets into the cell of the biological
objects and raises the regulating of the layer of the bound water.
In consequence of that, there is a rise of electronic conduction by
formation of ferment-substratum complex through more regulating layer
of the structural activated water.
The activated water changes considerably the sorbing power of
substance; is assimilated better by the natural substance; stimulates the
physiological and biochemical processes into the natural organisms;
raises the productivity and stability of the natural organisms.
As a result of the present method of resonant laser-ultra-sonic
activation the harvest is improved and the quality of agricultural products
is also improved, the time of ripening is curtailed, the land cultivation is
economized, the use of nitric fertilizers and chemical weed-killers and
pest-killers are lowered, the ecology is made better.
This method reduces the working expenditure on account of
number of treatments and time of exposure are reduced and also on
account of the luminous energy is used at most. For example, the method
according to the invention enables the treatment of various agricultural
seed and preparation of large lots of seed material well in advance of the
sowing campaign.
Besides, the use of the present method and apparatus by version II
enables to activate and to feed by energy the plants in the fields, the soil,
water in the rivers and lakes, and also rain-water, as a result the harvest
and the quality of agricultural products are improved too, the ecological
conditions of the rivers and lakes are made better.
The use of the present method and apparatus by version III enables
to activate the various agricultural seed in the sacks in advance of the
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sowing campaign.
The invention will be better understood from the following
detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings
showing the apparatus for treatment of biological objects and water
according to the invention, in which:
Figure 1 shows an optical-geometrical scheme of an apparatus for
treatment of biological objects and water by version I;
Figure 2 schematically shows an apparatus for treatment of
biological objects (for example seed, mushrooms, eggs, spawn, yest) and
water by version I and diagrammatically shows the seed treatment
according to the invention;
Figure 3 schematically shows an apparatus for treatment of
biological objects (for example plants in the fields, soil) and water ( for
example water in the rivers and lakes and rain-water) by version II
according to the invention;
Figure 4 schematically shows an apparatus for treatment of
biological objects (for example seed in the sacks) by version III
according to the invention.
Figure 5 schematically shows an apparatus for treatment of water
by version IV according to the invention.
Figure 6 schematically shows a complex of laser-ultra-sonic
activation with the use of four versions of apparatus and computer
according to the invention for agricultural farm.
An apparatus for treatment of biological objects and water by
version I comprises frame 1, inside it can be, for example, a chute A for
transportation of seed. On the frame 1 there are a source of
monochromatic coherent light - laser 2; a beamsplitter 3; a device for
generation, slip and change of slip frequency of the interference flats
comprising electromotor 4, a rotatable polyhedron with mirror facets 5,
mirror 6 with electromotor for turning 7 and with electromotor for
longitudinal movement 8; oscillators 9; electric sensitive (piezoelectric)
elements 10; a receiver-scanner of the electric oscillations 11 is
connected electrically with electromotors 4, 7, 8 and with electric
sensitive elements 10.
An apparatus for treatment of biological objects and water by
version II comprises frame 1 on that there are a source of monochromatic
coherent light - laser 2 with fan angle beam; a device for generation and
slip of the interference flats comprising electromotor 4, a rotatable
polyhedron with mirror facets 5, a mirror 6 with electromotor 8; wind
turbine 12; electric generator 13; accumulator 14 is connected
electrically with generator 13, laser 2 and electromotors 4, 8.
An apparatus for treatment of biological objects by version III
comprises frame 1 on that there are a source of monochromatic coherent
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light - laser 2; a beamsplitter 3; a device for generation, slip and change
of slip frequency of the interference flats comprising a mirror 6 with
electromotor for turning 7 and with electromotor for longitudinal
movement 8; an oscillator 9; an electric sensitive (piezoelectric) element
10; a receiver-scanner of the electric oscillations 11; light filter 15 with
electromotor for turning 16 is disposed in beam's way between a
beamsplitter 3 and treated object.
A receiver-scanner 11 is connected electrically with electromotors
7, 8, 16 and with sensitive element 10. Oscillator 9 with sensitive
element 10 can be made isolated.
An apparatus for treatment of water by version IV comprises frame
1 on that there are a source of monochromatic coherent light - laser 2; a
beamsplitter 3; a device of generation, slip and change of slip frequency
of the interference flats comprising the minors 6 with electromotors for
turning 7; an oscillator 9 in the form of the tube with two transparent
inlet ports 17; an electric sensitive (piezoelectric) element 10; a receive-
scanner of the electric oscillations 11; light filter 15 with electromotor
for turning 16 is disposed in beam's way between a beamsplitter 3 and
treated water.
A receiver-scanner 11 is connected electrically with electromotors
7, 16 and with sensitive element 10.
An apparatus by version I functions in the following manner.
Laser beam from laser 2 divides into two beams by means of
beamsplitter 3. Both beams by the use of beamsplitter 3 and mirror 6 are
directed to the mirror facet of the rotatable polyhedron 5 and then are
directed to the chute A on that biological object, for example the seed, is
conveyed to the treatment zone. Two laser beams meet on the treated
object and form the luminescent spot with interference flats.
That spot by the use of rotatable polyhedron 5 is mooved from one
oscillator to another oscillator 9 across the chut A.
The pattern of biological object, for example seed, is placed in the
oscillators 9.
The spot with interference flats is mooved relatively the treated
object with the velocity Vs
L
V= -
i
t
where: L - the lenght of path of the luminescent spot with
interference flats;
t - the time of beam scan by the one of the mirror facets.
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1 60
t = _ -.. .
_k '
60 x m k x m
where: k - the frequency of rotation of the polyhedron (rpm);
m - the number of mirror facets.
In addition, on account of the lenghts of path of the two laser
beams are different, the interference flats are moved relatively the
luminescent spot with the velocity V2 according to equation of
L.Brillouin:
O ~ ~ - ,
_ ---- x - x ~ ,
~s + ~2 n sin
where: Q a - the difference of frequencys of two laser beams;
at - the frequency of the first laser beam;
~2 - the frequency of the second laser beam;
c - the velocity of light in vacuum;
n - the refraction coefficient of medium;
8 - the angle between two beams.
4P
a a _ -.
t
where: Q p - the difference of number of waves of two beams;
(12-1!)-(1Z-1!)
where: It , 1p, I! ,12 - the lenghts of path of the two laser beams
according to the optical-geometrical scheme on Figure l;
~ - a wavelenght of laser beam.
In that way the velocity of movement of interference flats
relatively the treatment object V
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Lxkxm (12-1!)-(lz -lt) c 1
V-V1 +V2- + X_x.~.
60 ~ x t x ( '~~ + 1~2 ) n sin 2
For example the velocity of movement of interference flats
relatively treatment water according to following figures:
a = 60 mm; b = 15 0 mm; L = 1000 mm; 1 ~ =3 3 5 .41 mm;
12= 1054.751 mm; h = 300 mm; h = 366.19666 mm;
12 = 1064.9412 mm; 8 = 8 24'; n = 1.33; t1= 632.8 nm;
k = 13250 rpm; m = 6.
1.0 x 13250 x 6 ( 1.054751 - 0.33541 ) - ( 1.0649412 -
V= +
60 0.6328 x 10 6x 7.547 x 10 x
- 0.36619666) 3 x 10 1
x x =
x (4.74 x 104+ 4.74 x 104 ) 1.33 0.0732
= 1325 + 140.163 = 1465.163 (m/s)
This velocity accordance to velocity of sound in water 1457 m/s
with temperature 25 °C. In that way resonance is reached and the
luminous energy is transformed to the mechanical energy of the
oscillations of the object's molecules at most with the frequency
2.315365 x lO9Hz.
Changing the velocity of rotation of polyhedron 5, the distance a,
b and angle 8 between two laser beams with the help of mirror 6, one
can change the velocity V of movement of interference flats.
The receiver-scanner of the electric oscillations 11 changes in
automatic conditions the velocity of rotation of electromotor 4 and the
geometrical parameters a, b and angle 8 with the help of electromotors
7, 8. The said receiver-scanner changes these parameters to the resonance
is reached between the natural frequency of the oscillations of the
object's molecules and the slip frequency of the interference flats, that is
the ultrasonic oscillations are reached.
The present ultrasonic oscillations into the object is in the
oscillator's chamber 9 are perceived by the electric sensitive elements
(piezoelectric elements) 10, which give a sharp accelerated stop pulse to
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9
the receiver-scanner 11 and the latter fixes the parameters of
electromotors 4, 7, 8. In that way the apparatus is tuned to the resonance
with the natural frequency of the oscillations of the biological objects or
water in automatic conditions.
An apparatus by version II functions in the following manner.
A fan angle beam from laser 2 is directed to mirror facet of
rotatable polyhedron 5 and then to the treated object (for example plants,
soil, rain-water, water in rivers and lakes).
Part of this beams is directed to the mirror 6 is disposed
perpendicularly to plane of fan angle beam, reflected, cut with other
beams and form interference flats.
The velocity of movement of these interference flats relatively the
treated object depends on the velocity of rotation of polyhedron 5 and
disposition of mirror 6. One can change the velocity of rotation of
polyhedron 5 with the help of electromotor 4 and change angle of cross
of the beams 8 with the help of mirror 6 by hand or by radio depending
on distance between this apparatus and control centre and depending on
conditions of treatment.
Laser 2, electromotor 4 (and other electric equipment if it is
necessary) feed on accumulator 14 which is charged from generator 13.
Said generator 13 is drived by wind turbine 12.
An apparatus by version III functions in the following manner.
Laser beam from laser 2 divides into two beams by means of
beamsplitter 3. One beam by the use of mirror 6 is directed to the treated
object. In a way of second beam there is a light filter 15 (for example
"Variable Edgepass Filter" of firm "Coherent"). Said filter is turned by
the use of electromotor 16 and changes wavelenght of passing light.
Second beam passes through light filter 15 and its wavelenght is
changed a little. Then said beam is directed to the treated object.
Two laser beams meet on the treated object and form the
luminescent spot with interference flats.
These interference flats are moved relatively the treated object with
velocity V on account of difference of optical frequency of two laser
beams (on account of wavelenght difference) and according to said
equation of L.Brillouin.
Changing the angle of turning of light filter 15 with the help of
elecrtomotor 16 that is changing wavelenght of passing light, and
changing angle A between beams by the use of mirror 6 and
electromotors 7, 8, one can change the velocity of movement of
interference flats.
The present ultrasonic oscillations into the object is in the
oscillator's chamber 9 are perceived by the electric sensitive element
(piezoelectric element) 10 which gives a sharp accelerated stop puls to
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the receiver-scanner 11 and the latter fixes the parameters of
electromotors 7, 8, 16. In that way apparatus is tuned to the resonance
with the natural frequency of the oscillations of the biological objects in
automatic conditions.
For example the present apparatus may be used for presowing
laser-ultra-sonic activation of seed in the sacks.
An apparatus by version IV functions in the following manner.
Laser beam from laser 2 divides into two beams by means of
beamsplitter 3. One beam by the use of one mirror 6 is directed to the
transparent inlet port 17 into the oscillator 9 in the form of the tube with
the water flow. Second beam passes throught light filter 15 and its
wavelenght is changed a little. Then said beam by the use of other
mirrors 6 is directed to the opposite transparent inlet port 17 into the
oscillator 9 to meet the first beam.
Two laser beams meet into the treated water and form interference
flats.
These interference flats are moved relatively the treated water with
velocity V on account of difference of optical frequency of two laser
beams (on account of wavelenght difference) and according to said
equation of L.Brillouin.
For example the velocity V of movement of interference flats
relatively treated water according to following figures:
wavelenght of first laser beam ~t = 632.8000 nm;
wavelenght of second laser beam ~ z = 632.7918 nm;
angle between two laser beams B = 180 °.
4.7408343 x 10 ~~ - 4.7408958 x 10~~ 3 x 108
V 4.7408343 x 104 + 4.7408958 x lOf ~ x1.33 x 1
= 1463 (m/s)
This velocity accordance to velocity of saund in water.
In that way resonance is reached and the luminous energy is
transformed to the mechanical energy of the oscillations of the object's
molecules at most with the frequency 2.3119469 x l Og Hz.
Changing the angle of turning of light filter 15 with the help of
electromotor 16 that is changing wavelenght of passing light, one can
change the velocity of movement of interference flats.
The present ultrasonic oscillations into the object is in the
oscillator's chamber 9 are perceived by the electric sensitive element
(piezoelectric element) 10 which gives a sharp accelerated stop pins to
the receiver-scanner 11 and the latter fixes the parameters of
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electromotors 7, 16. In that way apparatus is tuned to the resonance with
the natural frequency of the oscillations of water in automatic conditions.
Complex comprises apparatuses by versions I, II, III, IV or
different combinations of its, and computer. Said computer controls
every apparatus.
These apparatuses tune to resonance regime of treatment with the
help of computer in automatic conditions.
With the help of this complex one can presowing activation of
seed; activation of plants in the fields; cultivation of plants under cover;
muchroom prodaction; poultry farming; fish-breeding, and also
activation of soil and rain-water.
As a result of this pure ecology treatment the farmer can refuse the
use of chemical weed-killers and pest-killers completely; reduce the use
of nitric fertilizers; make ecology better; improve the havest and the
quality of agricultural products; curtaile the time of ripening; economize
the land cultivation.
