Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
CA 02400297 2002-08-15
WO 01/62463 PCT/USOl/03860
HEATER ASSEMBLY FOR BLOW MOLDING PLASTIC PREFORMS
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a heater assembly for heating blow molding
plastic preforms in preparation for blow molding thereof as containers.
BACKGROUND ART
Injection molded preforms in one type of processing are cooled after
the injection molding and subsequently heated in preparation for blow molding
as
containers. Such preforms conventionally have an elongated shape with a closed
end
and an open end that is injection molded to the dispensing end configuration
of the
container, normally with a threaded construction for securing a closure cap
utilized
to seal and selectively allow opening of the container for dispensing of its
contents.
Conventional ovens for heating blow molding plastic preforms include
a plurality of heater assemblies spaced along a conveyor on which the preforms
are
conveyed adjacent the heater assemblies, usually with the preforms in an
upside
down orientation with their open ends positioned downwardly and their closed
ends
projecting upwardly, and with the preforms being rotated about associated
horizontal
axes so as to provide uniformity of the heating provided by the heater
assemblies.
Each heater assembly conventionally includes a plurality of elongated heaters
that
each have an elongated bulb for heating the conveyed preforms. Usually such
bulbs
have a white oxide coating on the side thereof that faces away from the
preform so
that radiation is reflected from that coating back toward the preform in an
attempt to
provide efficiency in the heating. However, such coatings cause substantial
heating
of the bulbs and are not efficient in reflecting infrared light which is more
effective
in uniformly heating the preforms than longer wave light. More specifically,
the
infrared light penetrates the outer surface of the preforms to provide more
uniform
heating of the interior so that heating can be accomplished without
overheating the
outer surface.
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Prior art patents that involve heating of blow molding plastic preforms
include United States patents 5,256,341 Denis et al. and 5,681,521 Emmer et
al.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved heater
assembly for heating blow molding plastic preforms in preparation for blow
molding
of the preforms.
In carrying out the above object, the heater assembly of the invention
includes a housing for mounting adjacent a conveyor by which the preforms are
conveyed along a path of conveyor from a supply of the preforms to a blow
molding
machine where the heated preforms are blow molded. A plurality of elongated
heaters are mounted by the housing extending along the path of conveyance in a
parallel extending relationship to each other. Each heater includes a pair of
mounts
for mounting an associated elongated bulb that extends along the length of the
heater
and has an element that is energized to irradiate the conveyed preforms. Each
elongated heater also includes an elongated parabolic reflector that is
closely spaced
from the associated elongated bulb to reflect radiation thereof to irradiate
the
conveyed preforms. The element of the associated bulb of each heater is
located at
the focus of the parabolic reflector such that the parabolic reflector
reflects radiation
rays in a generally parallel relationship to each other in order to provide
controlled
heating of the conveyed preforms.
A blow molding plastic preform also includes a window that is located
between the heaters and the conveyed preforms. This window is preferably made
of
quartz and transmits infrared radiation but blocks longer wave radiation so as
to
provide more uniform heating of the conveyed preforms.
The elongated heaters of the heater assembly are mounted by the
housing in a vertically stacked relationship with the parabolic reflectors of
the heaters
reflecting radiation rays in a horizontal orientation to provide the heating
of the
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conveyed preforms. The heater assembly also includes a lower radiation shield
that
shields the lower extremity of each conveyed preform from irradiation.
It is also preferably for the heater assembly to include a lowermost
heater whose bulb element is spaced closer to the bulb element of the next
higher
heater than the spacing between the bulb element of the uppermost heater and
the
bulb element of the next lower heater.
The objects, features and advantages of the present invention are
readily apparent from the following detailed description of the best mode for
carrying
out the invention when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIGURE 1 is a schematic top plan view of a blow molding system that
includes a rotary oven including heater assemblies constructed in accordance
with the
invention for heating plastic preforms in preparation for blow molding thereof
as
containers.
FIGURE 2 is a schematic top plan view of another blow molding
system that includes a linear oven for heating plastic preforms in preparation
for
blow molding thereof as containers.
FIGURE 3 is a sectional view taken through one of the heater
assemblies of either Figures 1 or 2 to illustrate its construction as
including heaters
that include parabolic reflectors for reflecting radiation from associated
bulbs to
provide uniform heating of the preforms.
FIGURE 4 is a perspective view illustrating the elongated construction
of each heater of the heater assembly.
FIGURE 5 is a generally front oriented perspective view of the heater
assembly to illustrate the elongated construction of the bulbs of each heater.
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FIGURE 6 is a partially broken away back perspective view that
further illustrates the construction of the heater assembly as having cooling
tubes for
each elongated heater.
FIGURE 7 is a sectional view taken along the direction of line 7-7 of
Figure 1 through the rotary oven to illustrate the construction of the heater
assembly
in association with the conveyor and a back side reflector and cooling unit.
FIGURE 8 is a sectional view taken along the direction of line 8-8 in
Figure 2 through the linear oven and illustrates the construction thereof as
well as
the construction of a back side reflector and cooling unit.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
With reference to Figures l and 2, two plastic blow molding systems
identified by l0a and lOb each include a blow molding machine 12 that is
supplied
plastic preforms 14 from an associated preform supply 16 after heating within
an
associated oven. As is hereinafter more fully described, the blow molding
system
10a of Figure 1 has a rotary oven 18a that heats the preforms while the blow
molding system lOb of Figure 2 has a linear oven 18b that heats the preforms.
Each
of the _ ovens 18a. and .18b includes . a plurality of _ heater ~ assemblies
20 that are
constructed in accordance with the present invention to provide heating of the
preforms as is hereinafter more fully described.
With continuing reference to Figure 1, the rotary oven 18a of this
embodiment has a conveyor 22a that conveys the prefoims 14 in a
counterclockwise
direction from the supply 16 to the blow molding machine 12 past the heater
assemblies 20 to provide heating thereof to a sufficient temperature to permit
the
blow molding in a conventional manner. During such conveyance, the preforms 14
will normally be oriented in an upside down position with a lower open end
thereof
located downwardly and an upper closed end thereof projecting upwardly. The
conveyor 22a will conventionally rotate the preforms 14 about associated
vertical
axes in order to provide uniformity of the heating.
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CA 02400297 2002-08-16 , ' y ~ ~ ~7 F
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With further reference to Figure 2, the linear oven 18b includes a
conveyor 22b that conveys the preforms 14 from the supply 16 toward the right
and
then around a U-turn and then back toward the left. During all of such
conveyance,
the preforms 14 pass by the adjacent heater assemblies 20 to provide heating
thereof
prior to delivery to the blow molding machine 12 for the blow molding. This
conveyor 22b like the conveyor of the rotary embodiment will also provide
rotation of
the preforms while in an upside down orientation in order to provide
uniformity of the
heating.
As illustrated somewhat schematically in Figure 3, each heater assembly
. 10 20 of both embodiments includes a housing 24 for mounting adjacent the
associated
conveyor by which the preforms 14 are conveyed along a path of conveyance as
previously described in connection with Figures 1 and 2 from a supply of the
preforms
to the blow molding machine where the heated preforms are blow molded. A
plurality
of elongated heaters 26 of each heater assembly are mounted by the housing 24
and,
as shown in Figure 5, extend along the path of conveyance of the preforms 14
in a
parallel relationship to each other. The associated conveyor supports the
preforms 14
in an upside down orientation with an open dispensing end 30 located in a
lower
position and with an upper closed end 32 thereof projecting upwardly to
adjacent the
uppermost heater 26. As previously described, the conveyor will rotate each
preform
...: _
;' ~ ~~.20 . l4.about..an associated.generally.verticalwaxis~A sowas to
provide uniformity-in the
heating.
As shown in Figure 4, each heater 26 includes a pair of clip type
mounts 34 for mounting an associated elongated bulb 36 that extends along the
length
of the heater as shown in Figure 5 and has an element 38 (Figure 3) that is
energized
to irradiate the conveyed preforms 14. Certain of the rays 40 shine directly
toward the
right as shown in Figure 3 to provide the irradiation of the preforms 14 while
certain
other rays 42 shine toward the left. Each elongated heater 26 also includes an
elongated parabolic reflector 44 that extends along the length of the heater
parallel to
the associated bulb 36 in a closely spaced relationship. More specifically,
the
parabolic reflector 44 as disclosed is made of aluminum and at a horizontal
line
through the bulb element 38 the parabolic reflector is spaced from the bulb 36
about
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CA 02400297 2002-08-15
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0.008 to 0.012 of an inch. The parabolic reflector 44 reflects the radiation
of the
rays 42 back toward the right to irradiate the conveyed preforms 14 in
cooperation
with the rays 40 that shine directly toward the right. The element 38 of the
bulb 36
of each heater 26 is located at the focus of its parabolic reflector 44 such
that the
parabolic reflector reflects the radiation rays 42 in a generally parallel
relationship
to each other in order to provide controlled heating of the conveyed preforms.
With combined reference to Figures 4 and 6, each heater 26 includes
a pair of threaded supports 46 that are suitably secured to mounts 48
supported by
the heater assembly housing 24 so as to be closely spaced with each other.
Fluid
couplings 50 of each heater 26 are connected to cooling tubes 52 through which
a
cooling fluid flows as to provide cooling of the parabolic reflector 44.
As shown in Figure 6, electrical wires 53 extend from the bulb ends
54 to electrical connectors 55 to provide the energization thereof that
energizes the
bulb elements as previously described. Also, a back cooling fan 56 cools the
interior
of the heater assembly 20 within whose housing 24 the components described
above
are mounted.
With continuing reference to Figure 3, the heater assembly 20 also
includes a window 58 that is located between the heaters 26 and the conveyed
preforms 14. This window 58 is preferably made of quartz or any other material
that
transmits infrared radiation but blocks longer wave radiation so as to provide
more
uniform heating of the conveyed preforms. More specifically, the infrared
radiation
penetrates through the outer surface of each preform so as to provide
uniformity in
the heating between its outer and inner surfaces as compared to longer
wavelengths
radiation. Thus the heater assembly 20 provides uniform heating so that the
outside
surface of the preform does not have to be overheated in order to provide the
inside
surface with a sufficiently high temperature for the blow molding. The heaters
20
thus allow the use of thicker wall but shorter length preforms of a lighter
weight that
are more cost effective than heavier preforms.
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As shown in Figure 3, the elongated heaters 26 are mounted by the
housing 24 in a vertically stacked relationship with the parabolic reflectors
44 of the
heaters reflecting radiation rays 42 in a horizontal orientation to provide
heating of
the conveyed preforms 14. Furthermore, the heater assembly 20 includes a lower
radiation shield 60 that shields the lower extremity of each conveyed preform
30 at
its lower end from irradiation. This radiation shield is fabricated from
aluminum.
In the preferred construction illustrated, the two lowermost bulbs 36
have their elements 38 spaced closer to each other than the spacing between
the bulb
elements 38 of the two uppermost bulbs 36 and likewise between the bulb
elements
38 of the other bulbs so that there is a greater heating in the lower.area
where greater
deformation takes place. More specifically, the heaters 26 have overall
heights of
15, 17 or 19 millimeters. The shorter heaters are mounted at the lower
positions to
thus space the bulb elements closer to each other and thereby provide greater
heating.
As schematically illustrated in Figure 1, each heater assembly 20 of
the rotary oven embodiment also cooperates with a back side reflector and
cooling
unit 62 that is further illustrated in Figure 7. More specifically, the back
side
reflector and cooling unit 62 includes a reflector 64 that reflects infrared
radiation
back toward the performs. The reflector 64 has vertical vent formations 66,
and the
unit also includes a back fan 68 that provides back cooling of the reflector.
As shown schematically in Figure 2, each heater assembly 20 of the
linear oven embodiment also includes a back side reflector and cooling unit
70. As
shown in Figure 8, the back side reflector and cooling unit 70 has spaced
reflectors
64 with vertical vent formations 66 through which a fan 72 provides back side
cooling and ventilation.
While the best mode for carrying out the invention has been described
in detail, those familiar with the art to which this invention relates will
recognize
various alternative designs and embodiments for practicing the invention as
defined
by the following claims.
