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INTERNAL RUNNING ELEVATOR
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This invention relates to a system and tool for handling and lifting oil & gas
well
casing sections / strings during connecting and installation or extraction and
removal of casing
/ conductor, production casing, risers, drill strings, or other tubular goods,
in a well / bore
hole. This invention also encompasses a method for use of a lifting tool for
this purpose.
Background of the Invention
Lifting and joining of pipe lengths to a standing pipe string with current
technology is
a time consuming and complicated task. Existing solutions require that a
lifting apparatus for
pipe lengths, to be installed on a top drive mounted pipe handling machine or
derrick crane,
and removed for each pipe length to be joined. Between lifting operations a
drilling fluid, for
example drilling mud, is circulated with special purpose equipment to maintain
pressure in the
bore hole. After each lifting operation and removal of the lifting tool,
drilling circulation
equipment must be installed on the top drive or derrick crane. When the next
casing section
shall be lifted into place, the drilling fluid circulation equipment must be
removed and the
lifting tool re-installed. This is a costly time consuming process, which
commonly requires 4-
hours to complete.
There is a need for a lifting system and tool, which reduces the time required
to
complete the lifting and j oining procedure to an absolute minimum, where the
lifting and
joining operation is performed with the same tool. There is also a need for
the ability to
circulate drill fluids via the lifting tool without the requirement to install
additional
equipment. Furthermore there is a need for a lifting tool which can handle
varying pipe sizes
l diameters.
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Describtion of Prior Art
Known methods of lifting and joining pipe lengths utilise a primitive chain
and hook
system for grasping and lifting the connecting nipple. A nipple is configured
for connection
to and from a threaded end of a pipe length to be lifted. The pipe section
together with the
installed nipple can be lifted by a chain and hook system as illustrated in
fig. 15, which shows
a nipple installed and removed at the top of a threaded pipe length.
Figure 16 illustrates a lifting clamp of known art positioned near the upper
end of a
casing length which is equipped with a protecting nipple at the top and
coupling at the bottom.
The nipple and coupling are removed fiom the casing held in place in the drill
deck before
lowering of the casing section.
Figure 17 illustrates how a casing section end is grasped with a clamp
according to
lcnown axt and how the casing length and casing string are screwed together
with power tongs.
The applicants' Norwegian patent, NO 307876, relates to a lifting tool for
lifting of pipe
lengths / lengths. The lifting tool according to NO 307876 encompasses a
separate entry
section or elastomer / elastomer-composite packing which expands upon
activation of the
lifting tool against the inside diameter of the casing section to be lifted.
This lifting tool
however is not configured for rotation about its' axial axis or for
circulation of drilling fluids.
Summary of the Invention
The invention includes three versions of a lifting tool for handling of a pipe
length
during joining, lowering, or removal and disassembly of conductor, casing,
risers, drill strings
or similar in a bore hole or well as stated in claims 1, 37 and 55.
The invention also encompasses a lifting system for lifting or lowering pipe
lengths
(3,4) and drill string (2), during joining and lowering or removal and
disassembly of
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conductor, casing, risers, drill strings or similar in a bore hole (160) or
well (160) as stated in
claim 74.
Finally the invention includes a method for lifting of pipe lengths for
joining such
(3,4) to a pipe string (2), similarly for casing, risers, drill strings or
similar in a bore hole or
well (160) as stated in claim 82.
The lifting system and lifting tool according to the invention have several
advantages;
the ability to lift a pipe length for joining with a standing pipe string, the
ability to rotate about
the tool axis for joining of the pipe length with the pipe string, and the
possibility of filling or
circulating drilling fluid to the bore hole via the lifting tool. The lifting
tool can also be used
with several different pipe dimensions.
Additional advantages and details of the invention are stated in the listing
of
dependent claims.
Brief Description of the Drawings
The drawings (figures) illustrate a lifting tool according to the invention in
a first
version where the lifting tool is oriented within the inner diameter of the
pipe length to be
lifted (Internal Running Elevator, IRE), a second version where the lifting
tool includes an
internal running nipple (Internal Running Nipple Thread Elevator, INTRE) and a
third version
where the lifting tool is external running (External Running Elevator, ERE).
Figure 4a-b to figure 12a-b, where the method for lifting and joining of a
pipe length and pipe
string are illustrated, show the IRE and INTRE configurations of the lifting
tool. The method
can be illustrated with similar figures for the ERE configuration of the
lifting tool.
Fig. 1 a - is a schematic partial section view of the lifting tool according
to the
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invention, here shown in the internal running configuration (IRE)
Fig. lb - is a schematic partial section view of a part of fig. la which shows
the
details of a central piston rod and hydraulic passages for the lifting tool.
Fig. 2a-b - is a schematic partial section view of another configuration of
the lifting
tool according to the invention, here shown in a configuration where the
lifting tool encompasses a lifting nipple which is threaded into the end of a
pipe length to be lifted (1NTRE). Fig. 2,a shows a lifting tool in the
deactivated condition, ready to grip the end of a pipe length, and fig. 2b
shows a lifting tool in the activated condition.
Fig. 3a-c - is a schematic section view of another configuration of a lifting
tool
according to the invention, here shown in a configuration where the lifting
tool has a chuck (wedge) mechanism which grips the pipe length end on the
outside diameter. Fig. 3a shows the lifting tool in the deactivated condition
ready to grip the end of a threaded pipe length, fig. 3b shows the lifting
tool
in the activated condition.
Fig. 4a-b - is a schematic partial section view of a lifting tool according to
the
invention, where the lifting tool positions of engagement (near horizontal)
and vertical are shown.
Fig. Sa-b - is a schematic partial section view showing the lifting tool in
the
deactivated condition, and a pipe length which is to be joined with another
section or string, where the section to be joined is positioned in a tube
feeding machine (TFM) and ready for engagement of the lifting tool.
Fig. 6a-b - is a schematic partial section which illustrates a lifting tool
ready for
engagement with the end of a pipe length.
Fig. 7a-b - is a schematic partial section view of the lifting tool activated
with the end
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of a pipe length, achieved by moving the pipe length forward in the sub-
horizontal position and into the end of the lifting tool.
Fig. 8a-b - is a schematic partial section view of the lifting tool in the
activated
condition with a magnified partial section view of the lifting tool.
Fig. 9a-b - is a schematic partial section view of the lifting tool lifting
the end of the
pipe length such that the opposite end slides toward another section or string
(2).
Fig. l0a-b - is a schematic partial section view where the lifting tool has
lifted the pipe
length to an almost vertical position where it can be made ready for joining
with the other section or string (2).
Fig. 11 a-b - is a schematic partial section view showing how the first pipe
length is
joined with the other section with the help of the lifting tool according to
the
invention.
Fig. 12a-b - is a schematic paxtial section view which shows the pipe length
in the
lowered position held by a Power Slip in the drill floor. The lifting tool can
then be disengaged from the pipe length, and positioned to receive the next
pipe length from the pipe handling machine.
Fig. 13 - is a schematic view of a top-plate-unit according to the invention
emobodiment of lifting tool with lifting nipple.
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Fig. 14 - is a schematic section view of one possible configuration of the
piston rod,
where the lifting tool encompasses an internal running lifting nipple. The
piston rod in this configuration has hydraulic oil passages connecting the
nipple rotation system to the lifting tool hydraulic system, a passage for
drilling fluid, drilling mud, cement or other fluids, and a passage for
venting
of air during the fluid circulation process.
Fig. 15 - shows an installed and removed nipple of known art on the end of a
threaded pipe length, and a primitive chain and hoolc system for grasping
and lifting of the nipple.
Fig. 16 - illustrates a lifting clamp of known art, placed near the upper end
of a pipe
length, where the pipe length is equipped with a protective nipple on the top
and a coupling on the bottom, where the coupling on the bottom is removed
and the nipple on the top of the standing pipe length in the drill floor is
removed prior to lowering.
Fig. 17 - shows how a pipe length is held in position with the help of a clamp
of
knomn aut and how the pipe length and string are screwed together with the
help of power tongs.
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The invention will now be described with reference to the attached drawings
listed above.
Detailed description of the invention, with preferred embodiments.
Lifting Tool with Internal Runnin Lg ifting Nipple (INTREI
Fig. shows a schematic partial section view of a configuration of the lifting
tool
according to the invention, here shown in a configuration where the lifting
tool encompasses a
lifting nipple which is screwed into the end of a pipe length to lifted
(INTRE). Fig. 2a shows
the lifting tool in the inactive / deactivated condition, ready to connect to
the threaded end of a
pipe length, and fig. 2b shows the lifting tool in the activated condition.
The lifting tool can manipulate and lift oil & gas well casing strings (2) and
sections
(3,4) during connecting and installation or extraction and removal of casing
or conductor,
casing, risers, drill strings, or other tubular goods, in a well (160) or well
bore (160). The
lifting tool consists of a lifting part (20) with a coaxial piston rod (47), a
mounting interface
part (5) for connection to a top drive (60) providing lifting force, or
derrick crane (60), and a
hydraulic system (40) which is designed to hold the lifting part (20) fixed to
either the inner or
outer diameter of the end of the pipe length (3).
The novel aspects of this lifting tool are the lifting nipple (32) with a
coaxial multi-
passage tubular lifting nipple axel (36), a lifting nipple cone (37), and a
lifting nipple flange
(33), which is positioned between the lifting nipple axel (36) and the lifting
nipple cone (37)
and designed to transfer load to the lifting tool. The lifting nipple (32) is
situated
concentrically about the piston rod (47) and arranged for movement along the
piston rod (47).
Furthermore the lifting nipple (32) is arranged to carry all or part of the
weight of the pipe
length (3,4) or the resulting joined pipe string (2).
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The lifting nipple (32) entering cone or lifting nipple cone (37) is equipped
with
external helical threads (34) such that it can be threaded in or out of the
end of the pipe length
(3,4).
The lifting part (20) in a preferred embodiment can be arranged for rotation
about the
piston rod (47) axis, such that the lifting part (20) with the pipe length
(3,4) is capable of a
controlled threading of the pipe length (3,4) into a standing pipe length or
pipe-string (2), and
where the lifting part (20) after the pipe length (3,4) joining with the pipe-
string (2) is
designed to hold the completed pipe length-sting (2) total weight.
An additional advantage provided by the lifting tool according to the
invention is that
the lifting part (20) can be rotated about a horizontal axis and configured
for connection to a
horizontal or nearly horizontal pipe length (3,4). The rotational movement of
the lifting tools
lifting part cam be achieved by fixing the lifting tool in a rotary bearing in
the lifting device
(70), which engages the piston rod (47), preferably in a recess or lifting
shoulder (13) on the
piston rod (47). A tilting arm (10) can facilitate rotation of the lifting
part (20). The tilting
arm (10) in one embodiment has one end (l0a) arranged concentrically around
the piston rod
(47), and the other end (1 Ob) which is connected to a telescoping hydraulic
lifting cylinder
(61) mounted on the top drive (60), preferably with a chain or other suitable
connection.
The lifting tool lifting part (20) can preferably include a locking mechanism,
where
locking slots (Sa) are oriented concentrically around and connect to the
piston rod (47), where
the tilting arm (10) is movable under pressure, preferably with a spring
loaded joint (l0a) in
the tilting arm (10), and where the movable tilting arm (10,10a) is axranged
for movement
from an initial unlocked position passively engaging upon rotation of the
lifting part (20) in
one of the locking slots in the slotted flange (Sa) to a locked position,
preventing rotation of
the entire lifting tool.
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The spring loaded joint (l0a) is arranged for unlocking the tilting arm (10)
upon
retraction of the spring loaded joint (l0a) from a position where the lifting
tool lifting part
(20) has moved from an initial position and returned to the initial position.
An additional advantage provided by a lifting tool according to the invention
is that
circulation of drilling fluids, cement or other fluids to the bore hole or
well (160), can be
achieved via the lifting tool. Drilling fluid can for example be supplied via
a flexible hose (7)
at the lifting tools suppout anchor (5) and via the piston rod (47) within the
lifting tool lifting
part (20). The lifting tool lifting part (20) can for this purpose encompass a
connector (6)
which is attached to the flexible hose (7), preferably a high pressure hose
(7) with the help of
a union (7a) and a bolted goose neck connection (8), preferably with a swivel,
for transfer of
drilling fluid, drilling mud, cement or other fluid to the piston rod (47) in
the lifting part (20),
connected to a manifold or adapter (9) for venting of air during application
of drilling fluid,
drilling mud, cement or other fluid form the top drive (160).
Figure 14 shows a section view of one embodiment of the piston rod (47) in the
lifting
tool, where the piston rod encompasses an axial cylindrical passage (147)
designed for
flowing drilling fluid, drilling mud, cement or other fluid and another axial
cylindrical
passage (148) for venting of air during the application of drilling fluid,
drilling mud, cement
or other fluid.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lifting tool lifting part (20)
encompasses an additional housing (16) with a top plate unit (17) or top plate
(21). This
housing (16) is arranged with a main lifting shoulder (18) and a bottom plate
(19). The top
plate unit is shown in figure 13, and can in one possible embodiment include
at least one, and
preferably two circular plates (l7a,b), each with a center hole, with one or
more web sections
(17c) arranged to stiffen the top plate unit (17) and arranged principally
normal to and
between the top plates (l7a,b), and where the web sections (17c) are attached
to the top plates
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(l7a,b) by welding, a mounting plate (149) arranged on the outside of the
upper top plate
(17a), and a self lubricating bushing (21a) arranged between a lifting flange
(48) on the piston
rod(47) and the other top plate (17b). The lifting flange (48) is among others
arranged to
transfer load from the lifting tool piston rod (47) to the lifting tool
lifting part (20).
To rotate the lifting nipple (32), the lifting tool lifting part (20) can
include a nipple
rotation system (90), which is arranged for screwing the lifting nipples' (32)
nipple cone (37)
in and out of the threaded end of a pipe length (3,4), which is to be lifted
or loosened. The
nipple rotation system (90) can include one or more hydraulic motors (91),
each equipped
with a gear sprocket (93) momted on a gear sprocket axle (94).
The lifting nipples' (32) lifting nipple axle (36) can also be arranged with
external
splines (36a) and engaged by one or more gear sprockets (93) of the nipple
rotation system
(90) to provide rotation.
The top plate unit (17) can include a cylinder (17d), preferably with a rotary
hydraulic
port coupling (17e), for inlet (95), outlet (96) and case drain (97) for
hydraulic oil from the
nipple rotation system (90), where the cylinder (17d) is arranged concentric
to the piston rod
(47) and radially centered in the end plates (l7a,b). The lifting part (20)
can also include a
cylindrically formed coaxial beaxing cylinder (22) with a top plate (22a) and
a steering / stop
plate (22b), where the coaxial bearing cylinder (22) is arranged to guide the
lifting nipple (32)
into the correct position for screwing into the pipe length (3,4). The main
lifting shoulder
(18) on the lifting tool housing (16) is preferably arranged to rest against
the steering / stop
plate (22b) when the lifting tool is activated, and where the steering / stop
plate (22b is
arranged to rest against the lifting nipple flange (33) when the lifting
nipple (32) is screwed in
to the threaded end of the pipe length (3,4).
The nipple rotation system (90) can be attached to the coaxial bearing
cylinder (22)
with the use of one or more attachment brackets (92).
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For centering of the lifting tool in the pipe length (3,4), the lifting tool
lifting part (20)
can also include a coaxial guide tube (38), which is arranged concentric to
the piston rod (47).
The lifting nipple (32) then can be arranged concentric to the coaxial guide
tube (38) and the
lifting nipple is then arranged to move along the coaxial guide tube (38)
during the in and out
screwing of the pipe length (3,4). There can be arranged external threads
(38a) on the coaxial
guide tube (38) to engage with the internal threads (35) on the lifting nipple
(32).
The coaxial guide tube (38) can be attached to a spring compensation system
(39) to
accommodate tension forces between the lifting nipple cone (37) external
threads (34) and the
internal threads (3a) in the end of the pipe length (3,4), and between the
lifting nipple (32)
internal threads (34) and the external threads (38a) on the coaxial guide tube
(38). The spring
system (39) can for example consist of two or more helical springs (39) or a
spring flange
(38).
The lifting tool lifting part (20) can also encompass an entry cone or
expanding
packing (142) (mud packer), preferably consisting of an elastomer element
(140), arranged
concentrically about the piston rod (47), configured for entry into the end of
a pipe length
(3,4) and to expand against the internal diameter of the pipe length (3,4)
upon activation of
the lifting tool. The entry cone (140) can be attached to the piston rod with
the use of a bolted
connection (143,144) or another appropriate attachment method. The lifting
part can also
include an entry cone (141) with a pliable support ring (146), where the entry
cone (141) is
configured to enclose the end of the pipe length (3,4) or pipe-string (2,3,4),
contact and clamp
the outside diameter of the pipe length or pipe-string (2,3,4).
The lifting tool hydraulic system (40) is preferably a double acting hydraulic
cylinder
mechanism consisting of a hydraulic cylinder (42) with a cylinder base (44)
and cylinder head
(41) and a piston (43) arranged concentric and attached to the axial piston
rod (47).
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Activation of the lifting tool can by accomplished by supplying pressurised
hydraulic
oil via a preferably radial inlet (50) in connection with the anchor part (5)
and via a primarily
vertical hydraulic passage (51) for hydraulic oil through the piston rod (47)
and with a radial
outlet for the hydraulic oil from the piston rod (47) under the piston (43) to
activate the piston
(43) upwards. Similarly, deactivation is achieved when pressurised hydraulic
oil is supplied
from the hydraulic cylinder (42) upper part over the piston (43) to drive the
internal clamp
rings (29) downwards such that the outer clamp segments (24) with friction
coating (27) are
retracted from and release their grip on the inner diameter of the pipe length
(3,4).
The hydraulic system can also include a supply passage (51) for hydraulic oil
to one
side of the hydraulic piston (43) in the hydraulic cylinder (42), and an
outlet passage (52) for
hydraulic oil to the other side of the piston (43) in the hydraulic cylinder
(42), where the inlet
passage (51) and the outlet passage (52) run through the piston rod (47) from
the manifold (9).
The hydraulic cylinder (42) with the cylinder base (44) is preferably
connected to one
side of the bearing cylinder (22) top plate (22a), and where the spring system
(38) with the
coaxial guide tube (37) is connected to the bearing cylinder (22) top plate
(22a) on the
opposite side of the hydraulic cylinder (43) and cylinder base (44).
The lifting tool lifting part (20) includes a clamp system which is arranged
to grip a
pipe length or pipe-string (2,3,4) which is to be lifted, and where the clamp
system consists of
at least one set of opposing outer clamping ring segments (24) and inner clamp
ring segments
(29), preferably with a sealing segment or seal ring (29a) arranged on one
side of the inner
clamping segment (29), which seal against the outer diameter of the pipe
length or pipe-string
(2,3,4), and where the pipe length or pipe-string (2,3,4) inner diameter is
engaged by the entry
cone (140).
There can be arranged an indicator or sensor system as a part of the lifting
tool lifting
part (20). The lifting part (20) can for example include one or more
independent sensors (15),
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preferably spring loaded pressure sensors, for determination of the lifting
nipple (32) position
with reference to the end of the pipe length (3,4), and where each sensor (15)
is connected to a
limit switch (14).
The outer housing (16) can also include one or more inspection ports. This can
be an
advantage both for normal inspection and in the event of a mechanical failure
in the nipple
rotation system (90) or the lifting nipple (32) has become stuck or jammed.
Should the lifting
nipple become stuck a manual release system can be used. This system
encompasses one or
more lugs or slots on the lifting nipple flange (33), for manual manipulation
with the use of
pry bars or levers.
Internal Runnin;~ Lifting Tool (IRE)
Fig. la is a schematic partial section of a version of a lifting tool
according to the
invention, here shown as a lifting tool with internal running lifting part
(IRE). Fig. lb is a
magnified schematic section view of fig. la, which shows details of a central
piston rod (47)
and a part of the hydraulic system (40) of the lifting tool.
The lifting tool can manipulate and lift oil & gas well casing strings (2) and
sections
(3,4) during connecting and installation or extraction and removal of casing
or conductor,
risers, drill strings, or other tubular goods, in a well (160) or bore hole
(160). The lifting tool
consists of a lifting part (20) with a coaxial piston rod (47), a mounting
interface part (5) for
connection to a top drive (60) providing lifting force, or derrick crane (60),
and a hydraulic
system (40) which is designed to hold the lifting part (20) fixed to the inner
diameter of the
end of the pipe length (3).
The novelty of this lifting tool is that the lifting tool lifting part (20)
includes a
clamping system with internal clamping segments or clamping rings (29)
attached to the
piston rod (47), where the internal clamping segments or clamping rings (29)
are configured
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to move in an axial direction inwards under the outer clamping segments (24)
and thus press
the outer clamping segments (24) radially outward, where the outer clamping
segments are
equipped with radially oriented friction surface (27) to grip the inner
diameter of the pipe
length (2), where the outer clamping segments (24) are pressed directly or
indirectly by a top
plate (21) which a hydraulic cylinder (42) connected to the top plate (21),
and where the
hydraulic cylinder (42) piston (43) is fixed to the piston rod (47) which
itself drives the inner
clamping rings (29) upwards in relation to the outer clamping segments (24)
and thus causing
the friction surface (27) to expand outwards and grip the inner diameter of
the casing section
(2).
The lifting tool lifting part (20) in the preferred embodiment is configured
for rotation
about the axial piston rod (47), such that the lifting part (20) with the pipe
length (3,4) is
configured for a controlled threading of the pipe length (3) onto a standing
pipe-string (2), and
where the lifting part (20) is configured for carrying part or all of the
weight of the standing
pipe-string (2).
The lifting part (20) inner clamping rings (29) can be attached to the piston
rod (47)
via a bearing cylinder (22), which is attached to a coaxial base plate (30),
which in turn is
fixed to the piston rod (47) with an adapter (48) and loclced in place with a
hex nut (143,144).
The lifting part (20) outer clamping segments (24) and inner clamping rings
(29) are
preferably arranged in pairs in several levels between the base plate (30) and
top plate (21).
The outer clamping segments (24) can also be separated axially by spacing
rings (26).
The lifting tool hydraulic system (40) is preferably a double acting hydraulic
cylinder
mechanism consisting of a hydraulic cylinder (42) with a cylinder base (44)
and cylinder head
(41) and a piston (43) arranged concentric and attached to the axial piston
rod (47).
Activation of the lifting tool can by accomplished by supplying pressurised
hydraulic
oil via a preferably radial inlet (50) in connection with the anchor part (5)
and via a primarily
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vertical hydraulic passage (51) for hydraulic oil through the piston rod (47)
and with a radial
outlet for the hydraulic oil from the piston rod (47) under the piston (43) to
activate the piston
(43) upwards.
Deactivation of the lifting tool is achieved when pressurised hydraulic oil is
supplied
from the hydraulic cylinder (42) upper part over the piston (43) to drive the
internal clamp
rings (29) downwards such that the outer clamp segments (24) with friction
coating (27) are
retracted from and release their grip on the inner diameter of the pipe length
(3,4).
The lifting part (20) is preferably capable of rotation about a horizontal
axis and
configured for grasping a horizontal or near horizontal laying pipe length
(3,4).
An additional advantage provided by a lifting tool according to the invention
is that
circulation of drilling fluids, cement or other fluids to the bore hole or
well (160), can be
achieved via the lifting tool. The lifting tool can be configured for
circulation of drilling
fluids via a flexible hose (7) connected to the lifting tool support (5) and
via the piston rod
(47) in the lifting tool lifting part (20).
The lifting tool lifting part (20) can for this purpose encompass a connector
(6) which
is attached to the flexible hose (7), preferably a high pressure hose (7) with
the help of a union
(7a) and a bolted goose neck connection (8), preferably with a swivel, for
transfer of drilling
fluid, drilling mud, cement or other fluid to the piston rod (47) in the
lifting part (20),
connected to a manifold or adapter (9) for venting of air during application
of drilling fluid,
drilling mud, cement or other fluid form the top drive (60).
The lifting tool lifting part (20) can be hung free to rotate from the
elevator device (70)
from the piston rod (47), preferably via a shoulder or recess on the piston
rod (47).
A tilting arm (10) can facilitate rotation of the lifting part (20). The
tilting arm (10) in
one embodiment has one end (l0a) arranged concentrically around the piston rod
(47), and the
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other end (lOb) which is connected to a telescoping hydraulic lifting cylinder
(61) mounted on
the top drive (60), preferably with a chain or other suitable connection.
The lifting tool lifting part (20) can preferably include a locking mechanism,
where
locking slots (Sa) are oriented concentrically around and comlect to the
piston rod (47), where
the tilting arm (10) is movable under pressure, preferably with a spring
loaded joint (l0a) in
the tilting arm (10), and where the movable tilting arm (10,10a) is arranged
for movement
from an initial unlocked position passively engaging upon rotation of the
lifting part (20) in
one of the locking slots in the slotted flange (Sa) to a locked position,
preventing rotation of
the entire lifting tool. The spring loaded joint (l0a) is arranged for
unlocking the tilting arm
(10) upon retraction of the spring loaded joint (l0a) from a position where
the lifting tool
lifting part (20) has moved from an initial position and returned to the
initial position.
The lifting tool according to claim 37, where the lifting part (20)
encompasses an entry
cone or expanding packing (140) (mud packer), preferably an elastomer packing
(140),
arranged concentric to the piston rod (47), arranged for entering the end of a
pipe length (3,4)
and to expand against the pipe length (3,4) inner diameter upon activation of
the lifting tool,
and where the entry cone (140) is fixed to the piston rod via a bolted
connection (143,144).
The piston rod (47) can in one embodiment (see figure 14) encompass a passage
for
application of drilling fluid, drilling mud, cement or other fluid or fluid
mix, and another
passage (148) for venting of air during application of drilling fluid,
drilling mud, cement or
other fluid or fluid mix.
The lifting tool lifting part (20) can also be configured for one or more
independent
sensors (15), preferably spring loaded pressure sensors, for determination of
the entry cone
(140) position with reference to the end of the pipe length (3,4), and where
each sensor (15) is
connected to a limit switch (14).
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External Runnin Lifting Tool ~EREI
Figure 3a-b are schematic views of another embodiment of a lifting tool
according to
the invention, here shown in a configuration where the lifting tool
encompasses a clamping
system which grips the outside diameter of one end of a pipe length or pipe-
string. Figure 3a
shows a lifting tool in the inactive or deactivated condition, ready to grip
the top of a threaded
pipe length, fig. 3b shows the lifting tool in the activated or engaged
condition.
The lifting tool can manipulate and lift oil ~ gas well casing strings (2) and
sections
(3,4) during connecting and installation or extraction and removal of casing
or conductor,
risers, drill strings, or other tubular goods, in a well (160) or bore hole
(160). The lifting tool
consists of a lifting part (20) with a coaxial piston rod (47), a mounting
interface part (5) for
connection to a top drive (60) providing lifting force, or derrick crane (60),
and a hydraulic
system (40) which is designed to hold the lifting part (20) fixed to the outer
diameter of the
end of the pipe length (3).
The novelty of this lifting tool is that the lifting tool lifting part (20)
includes a
clamping system with one or more pairs of internal clamping segments or
clamping rings (29)
and outer clamping segments (29), where the lifting part (20) with the
clamping system is
configured to grip the outer diameter of the end of a pipe length (3,4) below
the threaded
section of the pipe length (3,4), and where the clamping system is configured
to be self
locking such that the pipe length (3,4) own weight will increase the clamping
force and thus
prevent any loss of grip on the pipe length (3,4) in the event of hydraulic
system failure.
The lifting pant (20) is preferably capable of rotation about a horizontal
axis and
configured for grasping a horizontal or near horizontal laying pipe length
(3,4); and where the
lifting tool lifting part (20) in the preferred embodiment is configured for
rotation about the
axial piston rod (47), such that the lifting part (20) with the pipe length
(3,4) is configured for
a controlled threading of the pipe length (3) onto a standing pipe-string (2),
and where the
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lifting part (20) is configured for carrying part or all of the weight of the
standing pipe-string
(2).
One of the many advantages provided by a lifting tool according to the
invention is
that circulation of drilling fluids, cement or other fluids to the bore hole
or well (160), can be
achieved via the lifting tool. The lifting tool can be configured for
circulation of drilling
fluids via a flexible hose (7) connected to the lifting tool support (5) and
via the piston rod
(47) in the lifting tool lifting part (20).
The piston rod (47) can encompass a lifting flange (48) configured to transfer
load
forces from the lifting tool piston rod (47) to the lifting tool lifting pant
(20). The piston rod
(47) can also include a passage to accommodate the addition of drilling fluid,
drilling mud,
cement, or other fluid or fluid mix and another passage for venting of air
during the addition
of drilling fluid, drilling mud, cement, or other fluid or fluid mix.
The lifting part (20) can encompass a connector (6) which is attached to a
lugh
pressure hose (7) with a union (7a), for the addition of drilling fluid,
drilling mud, cement, or
other fluid or fluid mix from the top drive (60); and a bolted goose neck
connection (8),
preferably with a swivel, for application of drilling fluid, drilling mud,
cement, or other fluid
or fluid mix to the piston rod (47) in the lifting part (20), connected to a
maufold or adapter
(9) for venting of air during application of drilling fluid, drilling mud,
cement, or other fluid
or fluid mix from the top drive (60).
The lifting tool lifting part (20) is hung free to rotate from the elevator
device (70)
from the piston rod (47), preferably via a shoulder or recess (13) on the
piston rod (47).
A tilting arm (10) can facilitate rotation of the lifting part (20). The
tilting arm (10) in
one embodiment has one end (l0a) axranged concentrically around the piston rod
(47), and the
other end (lOb) which is connected to a telescoping hydraulic lifting cylinder
(61) mounted on
the top drive (60), preferably with a chain or other suitable connection.
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For gripping the pipe length (3,4) the lifting part (20) can encompass an
entry cone
(141) with a compliant support ring (146), where the entry cone (141) is
configured to
envelope an end of the pipe length or pipe-string (2,3,4) and clamp against
the outside
diameter of the pipe length or pipe-string (2,3,4).
The lifting tool hydraulic system (40) is preferably a double acting hydraulic
cylinder
mechanism consisting of a hydraulic cylinder (42) with a cylinder base (44)
and cylinder head
(41) and a piston (43) arranged concentric and attached to the axial piston
rod (47).
Activation of the lifting tool can by accomplished by supplying pressurised
hydraulic
oil via a preferably radial inlet (50) in connection with the anchor part (5)
and via a primarily
vertical hydraulic passage (51) for hydraulic oil through the piston rod (47)
and with a radial
outlet for the hydraulic oil from the piston rod (47) under the piston (43) to
activate the piston
(43) upwaxds.
Deactivation of the lifting tool is achieved when pressurised hydraulic oil is
supplied
from the hydraulic cylinder (42) upper part over the piston (43) to drive the
internal clamp
rings (29) downwards such that the outer clamp segments (24) with friction
coating (27) are
retracted from and release their grip on the imier diameter of the pipe length
(3,4).
The lifting tool hydraulic system (40) can also include a supply passage (51)
for
hydraulic oil to one side of the hydraulic piston (43) in the hydraulic
cylinder (42), and an
outlet passage (52) for hydraulic oil to the other side of the piston (43) in
the hydraulic
cylinder (42), where the inlet passage (51) and the outlet passage (52) run
through the piston
rod (47) from the manifold (9).
There can be arranged an indicator or sensor system as a part of the lifting
tool lifting
part (20). The lifting part (20) can for example include one or more
independent sensors (15),
preferably spring loaded pressure sensors, for determination of the lifting
nipple (32) position
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with reference to the end of the pipe length (3,4), and where each sensor (15)
is connected to a
limit switch (14).
The lifting tool lifting part (20) can preferably include a locking mechanism,
where locking
slots (Sa) are oriented concentrically around and connect to the piston rod
(47), where the
tilting arm (10) is movable under pressure, preferably with a spring loaded
joint (l0a) in the
tilting arm ( 10), and where the movable tilting arm ( 10,1 Oa) is arranged
for movement from
an initial unlocked position passively engaging upon rotation of the lifting
part (20) in one of
the locking slots in the slotted flange (Sa) to a locked position, preventing
rotation of the
entire lifting tool. The spring loaded joint (l0a) is arranged for unlocking
the tilting arm (10)
upon retraction of the spring loaded joint (l0a) from a position where the
lifting tool lifting
part (20) has moved from an initial position and returned to the initial
position.
The lifting tool preferred embodiment comprises:
- a lifting part (20) which encompasses a coaxial piston rod (47), and a
support part (5)
for attachment to and receive lifting power from a top drive or derrick crane
(60)
- a hydraulic system (40) which is configured to lock the lifting part (20) to
the outer
diameter of the end of a pipe length (3,4), where the hydraulic system (40)
with a
hydraulic piston (43) connected to the piston rod (47) and arranged in a
hydraulic
cylinder (42)
- a clamping system I the lifting tool lifting part (20) with one or more
pairs of inner
(24) and outer clamping segments (29), where the lifting part (20) with
clamping
system is configured to grasp the end of a pipe length (3,4)
- an outer housing (16) with a top plate (21), and where the outer housing
(16)
encompasses a main lifting shoulder (1 ~) and base plate (19) with a central
opening
for receiving a pipe length (2,3,4) to be grasped
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- a bearing cylinder (22) with a guide or stop plate (22b), a bearing cylinder
base (22d)
with central opening, a center plate (22e) and an internal bearing cylinder
(22f);
where the pressure on the piston (43) upon application of hydraulic pressure
pushes the
piston (43) and the piston rod (47) and the outer housing (16) upwards
together with the
outer housing base plate (19) and 'the outer clamping segments (24), such that
the bearing
cylinder (22) and the stop plate (22b) with the inner clamping segments (29)
are pushed
downwards in relation to the outer clamping segments (24) with the result that
the inner
clamping segments (29) are forced inwards to clamp against the pipe length
(3,4) outer
diameter.
The outer housing (16) can also include a top plate unit (17), for example as
described
earlier for the INTRE and IRE. The outer housing top plate unit (17) can
include at least
one and preferably two plates (l7a,b), each with a central opening; one or
more web
sections (17c) configured for stiffening of the top plate unit (17) and
oriented primarily
normal to the and between the top plates (l7a,b), and where the web sections
(17c) are
attached to the top plates (l7a,b) preferably with a welded connection; a
mounting plate
(149) arranged on the outside of one of the plates (17a); and a self
lubricating bushing
arranged between a lifting flange (48) on the piston rod (47) and the other
top plate (17b).
A major advantage of this embodiment is that the clamping system is self
locking
wand will develop increased loclcing force as the weight carried by the
lifting tool
increases (weight energised loclcing).
Lifting_S, s
Figures 4a-b to 12a-b illustrates how a lifting system according to the
invention can
function.
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The lifting system can lift or lower pipe length (3,4) and a pipe-string (2),
during
joining and lowering or lifting and disassembling of conductor, casing, riser,
drill string or
similar in a bore hole (160) or well (160). The lifting system consists of a
lifting tool with
a lifting part (20) and a support part (5) connected to an elevator device
(70) which is
mounted in a top drive (60) and where the lifting part (20) shall work in
conjunction with
a power slip (150) which is configured to receive and hold a standing pipe
length length or
pipe-string (2);
The novelty of the lifting system is described as follows:
- the lifting tool lifting part (20) is configured for easy installation and
removal from an
elevator device (70);
- the elevator device is configured to orient the lifting part (20) such that
the lifting tool
can engage the end of a pipe length (3,4) and be activated;
- the elevator device (70) and the lifting tool upon the application of
lifting force and
activation of the lifting tool lifting part (20) is configured to lift the
lifting tool lifting
part (20) with the pipe length (3,4) for joining with or mounting on the pipe-
string (2)
below; and
- the lifting tool and lifting tool support part (5) are configured for
application or
circulation of drilling fluid, drilling mud, cement or other fluid or fluid
mix to the bore
hole or well (160).
The lifting tool lifting part (20) can be configured for replaceable /
removable
use in the elevator device (70), preferably in an upper section or lifting
shoulder (13)
of the piston rod (47). The lifting tool lifting part (20) can also be
configured for
about a horizontal or near horizontal axis, in the elevator device (70), to
engage an end
of a horizontal or near horizontal pipe length (3,4), and to grip the inner or
outer
diameter of the end of the pipe length (3,4).
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The lifting system in another embodiment of the invention encompasses a
rotation apparatus (power tongs) (80) which is configured for rotation of the
lifting
tool lifting part (20) with the pipe length (3,4) about the piston rod (47),
for a
controlled threading of the pipe length (3,4) together with the standing pipe-
string (2),
and where the lifting tool lifting part (20) is configured to carry all or
part of the
resulting load of the resulting pipe length (2).
The rotation apparatus (80) can for example include a clamping device, or a
pair of power tongs (81) which are configured to hold fixed a pipe length or
pipe-
string (2), and a torque device or second set of power tongs (82) configured
for
rotation of the lifting part (20) and pipe length (3,4) for joining with the
pipe-string
with the help of a torque or rotation motor.
The lifting tool can be configured to receive lifting force from a top drive
(60)
for activation of the lifting tool, such that the lifting tool after
activation of the lifting
tool lifting part (20) against the pipe length (3,4) inner or outer diameter,
is capable of
lifting the pipe length (3,4) or pipe-string (2,3,4), and directed to a rotary
table (161)
for joining of the pipe length (3,4) with the pipe-string (2) below.
A pipe handling machine (tube feeding machine) can be arranged for placing
pipe length (3,4) in position for engagement by the lifting tool lifting part
(20).
The lifting system can also include a manipulator arm (170) for placing the
far
end of a pipe length (3,4) from the pipe handling machine (180) to the
vertical position
over the standing pipe-string (2) below.
The elevator device can be of any type. One example us such an elevator
device appropriate for use is the BX-Elevator, manufactured by VarcoBJ, USA,
which
has replaceable adapters for differing pipe length diameters, however other
types of
elevators can be used. On such elevator device (70) can include and elevator
(71),
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where the elevator (71) is mounted capable of rotation in two link arms (75),
where a
hydraulic motor is used for rotation of the elevator (71) about the axis
defined by the
link arm supports, and which is held by a clamping mechanism, preferably a
parallel
link (76), such that the link arms do not rotate in relation to each other.
The elevator
(71) encompasses adapters (74) for varying pipe length diameters and the
elevator
itself is available in different sizes.
Method for Lifting of Pipe len;aths for joining to a Pipe string
The method for lifting of pipe length (3,4) for jointing to a pipe-string (2),
as
well as conductor, casing, risers, or similar for use in a bore hole or well
(160) with the
use of a lifting system and lifting tool is illustrated in fig. 4a-b to 12a-b.
The method
includes the following steps:
- the pipe length (3,4) into position with the lifting tool lifting part (20)
- the lifting tool lifting part (20) engages one end of the pipe length (3,4)
which will be
the upper end of the pipe length (3,4)
- the lifting part is activated by a hydraulic system (40) to clamp the inner
or outer
diameter of the pipe length (3,4)
- a top drive or derrick crane (60) lifts the lifting tool with the pipe
length (3,4) to the
vertical or near vertical position over a standing pipe length or pipe-string
(2)
- the lower end of the now vertical or near vertical pipe length (3,4) is
joined with the
standing pipe-string (2) below to create a lengthened pipe-string (2)
- the resulting pipe-string (2) is lowered and held in position by a power
slip (150)
which is configured to hold the pipe-string (2) in the drilling declc
- the resulting pipe-string (2) is released from the power slip (150) such
that it hangs
from the top drive (60) and lifting tool
CA 02525637 2005-11-14
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- the resulting pipe-string (2) is lowered and again held in place by the
power slip (150);
and
- the lifting tool is released from the end of the resulting pipe-string (2)
The method can also include the following step:
- the lifting tool support part (5) is placed or held in the elevator device
(70), preferably
it an upper part or lifting shoulder (13) on the piston rod, prior to the pipe
length (3,4)
being positioned for engagement by the lifting tool
The method can also include the following step:
- the lifting tool lifting part (2) is rotated about a predominantly
horizontal axis in a
elevator device (70), with the help of a tilting arm (10) which in one end is
fixed to the
lifting tool support part (5) and in the other end to a lifting cylinder (61)
if the top
drive (60), from a predominantly vertical initial position to a position ready
for
engagement with the horizontal or near horizontal pipe length (3)
- the pipe length (3) is moved forward and into the lifting tool lifting part
with the help
of a tube feeding machine (TFM) for activation of the lifting tool lifting
part (20)
The method can also include the following step:
- as the pipe length (3) is moved forward on the tube feeding machine (TFM),
the other
end of the pipe length (3) is moved to the standing pipe-string (2) by a
manipulator
arm ( 170); and
- the lifting tool and pipe length (3) are lowered to the standing pipe-string
(2) for
joining with the standing pipe-string (2)
The method can also include the following step:
- joining of the pipe length (3) and the pipe-string (2) is accomplished by
threading of
the opposite end of the pipe length (3) into the threaded end of the pipe-
string (2)
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through rotation of the lifting tool lifting part in the upper end of the pipe
length (3)
about the lifting tool main axis with the use of a rotation system (80).
The method can also include the following step:
- upon activation of the lifting tool a clamping system (24,29) in the lifting
tool lifting
part (20) clamps against one or both of the pipe length (3,4) inner and outer
diameters
with the use of a piston hydraulic system (40).
The method can also include the following step:
- upon activation of the lifting tool an entry cone or expanding packing (140)
is pressed
against the pipe length (3,4) inner diameter.
The method can also include the following step:
- threading of a lifting nipple (32) into the threaded end of the upper or
next upper end
of the pipe length (3,4), preferably with the help of a nipple rotation system
(90).
The method can also include the following step:
- upon release of the lifting tool from the pipe-string (2), the clamping
system (24,29) in
the lifting tool lifting part (20) is released from the pipe-string (2) end
with the help of
the hydraulic system (40), such that the lifting tool can be moved to a start
position.
The method can also include the following step:
- upon release of the lifting tool from the pipe-string (2), the lifting
nipple (32) is
screwed out of the threaded end section of the pipe-string (2), preferably
with the help
of the nipple rotation system (90), or manually with the help of a manual
release
system for the lifting nipple, and thereafter release the clamping system
(24,29) from
the pipe-string (2) end.
The method can also include the following step:
- progress in the feeding of the pipe length (3) is monitored by an indicator
system,
preferably with on or more independent sensors (14,15) each connected to a
limit
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switch, which ensure that the feeding of the pipe length is stopped at the
appropriate
moment to avoid damage to the end of the pipe length, and which indicates
centering
of the lifting tool lifting part (20) in the end of the pipe length (3,4) to
be grasped by
the lifting tool.
Example of method for use of a lifting svstemaccordin~ to the invention, where
the liftin
tool encompasses an internal running lifting-nipple
The following describes an example of the method for joining of pipe length
(3,4) and
pipe-string (2).
The lifting tool hangs from an elevator and is swung / tilted up with the help
of a
lifting cylinder (61 ) to the desired angle, such that the angle between the
lifting cylinder (61 )
and the vertical axis of the rotary table (161) matches the angle between the
horizontal plane
and the central axis of the pipe length (3) laying ready for the tube feeding
machine (TFM).
Thereafter the pipe length (3) is driven into the lifting tool until the
indicator or sensor system
(14,15) shows that the pipe length has come into the proper position.
Furthermore the lifting
tool is activated by a hydraulic system (40). A clamping system with outer
clamping
segments (24) and inner clamping segments (29,29a) clamp about the pipe length
(3) outer
diameter with the required force. An internal running entry cone, or elastomer
packing or
cylinder (140) expands outward against the inner diameter of the pipe length
(3) such that the
required holding force is generated, and the lifting tool is centered in the
pipe length (3).
Should the lifting tool fail to be properly centered in the pipe length, there
is a risk that the
lifting nipple (32) could be subjected to an amount of bending due to its own
weight, which
can result in damage to the threaded end section of the pipe length. This can
result in the
requirement that the pipe length must be removed and replaced, which is a time
consuming
and expansive operation.
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The lifting nipple (32) is screwed into the threaded end section of the pipe
length with
the help of the nipple rotation system 90.
When the lifting tool is engaged into the end of the pipe length (3), there is
an
automatic locking of the lifting tool to the tilting arm (10) to prevent
rotation of the pipe
length (3) during the threading in of the lifting nipple (32) while the pipe
length lays in the
tube feeding machine.
The lifting process begins with the top drive providing lifting force to and
lifting the
elevator device (70) with the lifting tool and the pipe length (3),
simultaneously the tube
feeding machine (TFM) drives the pipe length towards the rotaty table or
rotary table axis
(161). The hydraulic system for the top drive (60) lifting cylinder (61) and
elevator device is
released. The pipe length is thereafter lifted to the primarily vertical
position. A manipulator
arm holds and leads the opposite end of the pipe length (3) to be handled in
the rotary table
(161).
When the lifting tool has lifted the pipe length (3) into the primarily
vertical position
for joining with the standing pipe-string (2) below held in place by the power
slip (150), the
connection between the lifting tool and the lifting cylinder (61) is loosened
such that the
lifting tool lifting part (20) with the pipe length (3) is free to rotate
about the primary axis of
the lifting tool.
A power tong set (81) is placed on the pipe-string (2) which is held by the
power slip
or clamping arrangement and holds the pipe-string (2) in the fixed position,
to prevent rotation
of the pipe length or pipe-string. A second set of power tongs (82) engage the
opposite end of
the pipe length (3) which is to be screwed into the pipe-string (2) which is
held by the power
slip or clamping arrangement (150), and begins threading the pipe length (3)
onto the pipe-
string (2) held by the clamping arrangement or power slip (150).
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The resulting pipe-string (2) is lifted such that the power slip can release
its grip on the
pipe-string (2). Thereafter the resulting pipe-string (2) is lowered to a
position where it can
again be held in place by the power slip (150).
The lifting tool is released by un-screwing the lifting nipple (32), and
subsequently
operating the hydraulic piston (43) on the piston rod (47) in the hydraulic
cylinder (42)
downwards such that the clamping system in the lifting part (20) and the entry
cone (141) are
released from the pipe-string (2) outer diameter, and the entry cone (140) is
disengaged from
the pipe-string (2) inner diameter and returns to its original form. The
lifting tool can now be
lifted to the desired standby position. A new pipe length is fed forward, and
the process can
start again as needed.
The lifting system with a lifting tool according to the invention has several
advantages; it can lift a pipe length (3) for joining with a standing pipe-
string (2) below, the
lifting tool lifting part (20) can rotate about the piston rod (47), and it is
possible to fill or
circulate drill fluid via the lifting tool to the bore hole, for example
drilling mud, to maintain
pressure in the bore hole or well (160). The lifting tool can also be used
with varying pipe
length dimensions. The lifting nipple in the lifting tool with internal
running lifting nipple
(32) can be manufactured with varying thread types, while the lifting nipple
flange (33)
threads are matched to the lifting shoulder on the lifting tool.
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List of part number references
1 lifting tool
2 a second pipe length or pipe string
3 the first length of pipe to be lifted and joined with pipe length or pipe
string (2)
4 a third pipe length to be joined with the first pipe length (3)
connection piece
6 adapter for supply of drilling fluid, drilling mud
7 high pressure hose for drilling fluid, drilling mud
bolted goose neck connection, preferably with swivel
9 manifold / adapter for hydraulic fluid and venting of air
tilting arm for lifting assistance
11 compensating joint, for example a spring loaded joint
l Ob locking system for prevention of rotation of lifting part (20) during in-
threading of
lifting nipple
11 internal threads in the end of a pipe length (3,4) or pipe string (2)
12 external threads in the other end of a pipe length (3,4)
13 recess / lifting shoulder on the piston rod (47)
14 limit switch
indicator or sensor system to verify that the lifting tool has the proper
position with
respect to the pipe length to be lifted; can be a spring loaded indicator to
determine
when the lifting nipple is in the correct position for lifting, preferably one
or more
sensors which are independent of each other where each sensor is connected to
a
limit switch (14)
16 housing for internal running lifting tool with threaded nipple or clamping
system, in
fixed position
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17 top plate unit for lifting part (20)
l7a,b circular dislcs / plates with central hole
17c web stiffeners welded into position between l7a,b to stiffen the top plate
unit 17
17d cylinder with spindle system for inlet (95), outlet (96) and case drain
(97) of
hydraulic oil for the nipple rotation system (90)
17e spindle system
18 main lifting shoulder
19 base plate for top plate unit (17)
20 lifting part
21 top plate of lifting part (20)
21a self lubricating bushing positioned between the top plate unit (17), or
top plate (21),
and lifting flange (48) on the piston rod (47)
21b
22 bearing cylinder
22a top plate for bearing cylinder (22)
22b guide or stop plate with lifting flange (22c)
22c lifting flange
22d bearing cylinder plate with central hole
22e central plate
22f inner bearing cylinder
23 metal inserts
24 outer clamping segments or outer clamping rings
25 mounting ring for bolts (31a) which hold base plate (30)
26 distance pieces / spacing rings
27 friction coating
32
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28 metal or composite friction inserts
29 inner clamping segments or inner clamping ring
29a gasket on the inner clamping segments or inner clamping ring
30 base plate for lifting part
31a bolts which fasten base plate (30)
31b bolts which fasten entry cone (140)
31c bolts for fixing ring (146)
32 lifting nipple
33 lifting nipple flange
34 external threads on the lifting nipple cone (36)
3 5 internal threads on the lifting nipple
36 hollow coaxial lifting nipple axle
36a external threads on lifting nipple axle
37 lifting nipple cone
38 coaxial guide tube
38a external threads on the coaxial guide tube (38)
38b internal threads on the coaxial guide tube (38)
39 spring system, spiral springs or spiral loans
40 hydraulic piston
41 piston cylinder plate
42 hydraulic cylinder
43 piston
44 piston cylinder base
44a base gaslcet in the hydraulic cylinder (42)
45 bolts for fastening of the hydraulic cylinder (42) to the piston cylinder
base (44)
33
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46a,b first and second o-rings
47 piston rod
48 lifting flange on piston rod (47)
48a spacer
49 piston rod hex nut for base plate
50 inlet for hydraulic oil
51 inlet passage for hydraulic oil to one side of the piston (43) in the
hydraulic cylinder
(42)
52 outlet passage for hydraulic oil from the other side of the piston (43) in
the
hydraulic cylinder
53
60 torsionally rigid support / derrick crane / drive unit / top drive /
drilling machine
61 telescopic hydraulic driven lifting cylinder with chain connection to
tilting arm (10)
62 support arrangement for mud / hydraulic hose
64 support for link arms which are capable of rotation about a horizontal axis
65 bearing
66
67
68
70 elevator device, for example a BX elevator where there is an arrangement of
removable adapters for differing pipe diameter, where the adapters can include
lifting shoulders. Found on most drill rigs / production ships.
71 elevator
72 hydraulic motor for rotation of elevator (71)
73
34
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74 removable adapters for elevator (71)
75 link arms, one or more capable of rotation anchored in the elevator (71)
76 clamp / parallel link for holding linlc arms such that they do not rotate
with respect
to each other
80 rotation apparatus
81 power tongs / clamping device one or more sets, first to hold lowered pipe
string (2)
82 power tongs / clamping device one or more sets, second to rotate lifting
tool with
pipe string (2)
83 torque / rotation motor for rotation of lifting part (20) and pipe length
(3,4) to be
joined with lowered pipe string (2)
90 nipple rotation system
91 hydraulic motor
92 mounting bracket for hydraulic motor
93 gear sprocket for rotation of lifting nipple
94 axle for gear sprocket (93)
95 inlet passage for hydraulic oil to hydraulic motox (91)
96 outlet passage for hydraulic oil from hydraulic motor (91)
97 case drain passage
100
110 swing damper
120 inspection opening
121 lugs for manually loosening lifting nipple (32) for example with the use
of a lever /
bar, in the event that it is required, for example a fault in the nipple
rotation system
hydraulic passages.
130
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140 entry cone
141 entry guide
142 expanding elastomer or rubber seal / mud packer
143 fastening bolt for piston rod
144 distance pieces l spacer washers for fastening bolt (143)
145 seal plate between piston rod (47) and
146 baclcing ring
147 passage for drilling fluid, drilling mud
14~ passage for venting of air
149 mounting plate for disk on top of top plate unit
150 power slip, clamping system in the drill floor which is configured for
holding a pipe
length or pipe string(2)
151 inner clamping ring in power slip
152 outer clamping ring in power slip
153 rotary support table
154 hydraulic motor which control opening and closing of rotary support table
(153)
155 doors in the power slip (150)
160 bore hole or well
161 rorsenter
170 manipulator arm
1 ~0 tube feeding machine
36
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