Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
CA 02622798 2008-03-06
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TITLE OF THE INVENTION
17f3-NITRO-11(3-ARYLSTEROIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES HAVING AGONIST OR
ANTAGONIST HORMONAL PROPERTIES
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention:
This invention relates to a novel class of steroids which are believed to bind
to the
progestin receptor and which exhibit potent antiprogestational activity. Such
compounds are
useful for treatment of fibroids, endometriosis, and certain tumors, in
causing cervical ripening
prior to delivery, in hormone replacement therapy and in control of fertility
and reproduction.
Discussion of the Back rg ound:
Progesterone plays a major role in reproductive health and functioning. Its
effects on, for
example, the uterus, breast, cervix and hypothalamic-pituitary unit are well
established. It also
has extra-reproductive activities that are less well studied, such as effects
on the brain, the
immune system, the vascular endothelial system and on lipid metabolism. Given
this wide array
of effects, it is apparent that compounds which mimic some of the effects of
progesterone
(agonists), antagonize these effects (antagonists) or exhibit mixed effects
(partial agonists or
mixed agonist/antagonist) can be useful in treating a variety of disease
states and conditions.
Steroid hormones exert their effects, in-part, by binding to intracellular
receptors.
Compounds that bind to the appropriate receptors and are antagonists or
partial agonists of the
estrogenic and androgenic hormones have long been known, but it was not until
around 1982 that
the discovery of compounds that bind to the progesterone receptor and
antagonize the effects of
progesterone was announced. Since then, a number of such compounds have been
reported in
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the scientific and patent literature and their effects in vitro, in animals
and in humans have been
studied. Although compounds such as estrogens and certain enzyme inhibitors
can prevent the
physiological effects of endogenous progesterone, in this discussion
"antiprogestin" is confined
to those compounds that bind to the progestin receptor.
Information indicating that antiprogestins would be effective in a number of
medical
conditions is now available. This information has been summarized in a report
from the Institute
of Medicine (Donaldson, Molly S.; Dorflinger, L.; Brown, Sarah S.; Benet,
Leslie Z., Editors,
Clinical Applications of MifeQristone (RU 486) and Other Antiprogestins,
Committee on
Antiprogestins: Assessing the Science, Institute of Medicine, National Academy
Press, 1993).
In view of the pivotal role that progesterone plays in reproduction, it is not
surprising that
antiprogestins could play a part in fertility control, including contraception
(long-term and
emergency or post-coital), menses induction and medical termination of
pregnancy, but there are
many other potential uses that have been supported by small clinical or
preclinical studies.
Among these are the following:
1. Labor and delivery - antiprogestins may be used for cervical ripening prior
to labor
induction such as at term or when labor must be induced due to fetal death.
They may also be
used to help induce labor in term or post-term pregnancies.
2. Treatment of uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) - these non-malignant tumors may
affect
up to 20% of women over 30 years old and are one of the most common reasons
for surgery in
women during their reproductive years. Hysterectomy, the common treatment for
persistent
symptoms, of course results in sterility.
3. Treatment of endometriosis - this common (5 to 15% incidence, much larger
in
infertile women) and often painful condition is now treated with drugs such as
danazol or
gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs that have significant side-effects, or
must be dealt with
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WO 99/62929 PCT/US99/10481
surgically.
4. Hormone replacement therapy, where they may be given to interupt or curtail
the
activity of progestins.
5. Cancers, particularly breast cancers - the presence of progestin receptors
in many
breast cancers has suggested the use of antiprogestins in treating metatstatic
cancer or in
prevention of recurrence or initial development of cancer.
6. Other tumors such as meningiomas - these brain membrane tumors, although
non-
malignant, result in death of the patient and nonsurgical treatments are
lacking.
7. Male contraception - antiprogestins can interfere with sperm viability,
although
whether this is an antiprogestational effect or not is controversial, as it
may relate to the
antiglucocorticoid activity of such compounds.
8. Antiestrogenic effects - at least some antiprogestins oppose the action of
estrogens in
certain tests, but apparently through a mechanism that does not involve
classical hormone
receptors. This opens a variety of possibilities for their medical use.
9. Antiglucocorticoid effects - this is a common side-effect of
antiprogestins, which can
be useful in some instances, such as the treatment of Cushing's syndrome, and
could play a role
in immune disorders, for example. In other instances it is desirable to
minimize such effects.
The effects and uses of progesterone agonists have been well documented. In
addition, it
has been recently shown that certain compounds structurally related to the
known antiprogestins
have strong agonist activity in certain biological systems (e.g., the
classical progestin effects in
the estrogen-primed immature rabbit uterus; cf. C.E. Cook et al., Life
Sciences, 52, 155-162
(1993)). Such compounds are partial agonists in human cell-derived receptor
systems, where
they bind to a site distinct from both the progestin and antiprogestin sites
(Wagner et al., Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci., 93, 8739-8744 (1996)). Thus the general class of
antiprogestins can have
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subclasses, which may vary in their clinical profiles.
The earliest antiprogestins, in addition to having an 11(3-aryl substituent,
were substituted
with a 17$3-hydroxyl group and various 17a-substituents. (See for example,
Teutsch, Jean G.;
Costerousse, Germain; Philibert, Daniel, and Deraedt, Roger. Novel steroids.
U. S. 4,386,085.
1983; Philibert, Daniel; Teutsch, Jean G.; Costerousse, Germain, and Deraedt,
Roger. 3-Keto-
19-nor-A-4,9-steroids. U. S. 4,477,445. 1983; Teutsch, Jean G.; Pantin,
Germain; Costerousse,
Saint-Maurice; Daniel Philibert; La Varenne Saint Hilaire; Roger Deraedt,
inventors. Steroid
derivatives. Roussel Uclaf, assignee. U.S. 4,447,424. 1984; Cook, C. Edgar;
Tallent, C. Ray;
Reel, Jerry R., and Wani, Mansukh C. 17a-(Substituted-methyl)-17(3-
hydroxy/esterified hydroxy
steroids and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. U.S. 4,774,236
(1988) and 4,861,763
(1989)). Then it was discovered that a 17p-acetyl, 17a-acyloxy group in the
presence of 11
aryl could also generate compounds with antiprogestational effects (Cook, C.
Edgar; Lee, Y.-W.;
Reel, Jerry R.; Wani, Mansukh C., Rector, Douglas. 1 I a-Substituted
Progesterone Analogs.
U.S. Patent Nos. 4,954,490 (1990) and 5,073,548 (1991)), and various
permutations of these
findings have been made as well. However, introduction of a 16a-ethyl group or
a hydrogen
substituent at the 17a-position in the 173-acyl series of compounds is
reported to lead to agonist
or partial agonist activity (C.E. Cook et al., Life Sciences, 52, 155-162
(1993)).
Generally antiprogestational activity has been associated with the presence of
an 11(3-aryl
substituent on the steroid nucleus, together with a Q4,9-3-ketone or i4-3-
ketone moiety.
However, it has been shown that substituents on the D-ring of the steroid can
have a marked
influence on the biological profile of these compounds (see above). Thus
changes in the D-ring
of the steroid result in a wide variety of effects on the biological activity.
It can be seen that the 17(3-position of current antiprogestins has been
characterized by
substitution with a carbon or an oxygen atom. No reports have been made of the
effect of a nitro
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WO 99;62929 PCT/US99/10481
or nitro-related substituent such as a spironitrone at the 17(3-position in
steroids bearing an 11(3-
aryl substituent. This invention provides a group of novel 173-nitro steroids,
which are
characterized by 11 a-substitution, particularly 11(3-aryl substitution. Very
few 17(3-nitro steroids
and none with 11 a-substitution have been reported in either the general
chemical literature or in
patents. Cf. for example, Patchett, Arthur A.; Metuchen, Glen E.; Arth,
Cranford, and Hoffman,
Frances G. Alkanoylthio and pyrazolo androstane derivatives. U.S. 3,094,521,
1963. This patent
describes a synthesis of 17-nitro steroids and their Michael reaction with
methyl acrylate, but no
biological activity was reported as associated with the nitro compounds.
In addition, this invention provides a group of novel 17,17-spiro cyclic
nitrone steroids.
Although a few 17,17-spiro cyclic nitrone steroids are known (cf. Keana, John
F. W.; Tamura,
Toshinari; McMillen, Debra A., and Jost, Patricia C. Synthesis and
characterization of a novel
cholesterol nitroxide spin label. Application to the molecular organization of
human high-
density lipoprotein. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 103: 4904-4912 (1981)), these were used
to develop spin
labels and not for their biological properties. No such compounds with 11 R-
aryl substituents
have been reported.
In spite of the clinical promise of antiprogestins, as of May 1, 1998, there
were no
antiprogestin drugs marketed in the United States or many other countries.
Only one
antiprogestin drug is approved and available for clinical use anywhere in the
world and that drug,
mifepristone, is mainly used for medical termination of pregnancy. A number of
factors are the
cause of this situation, but certainly a need exists for new
antiprogestational drugs that can be
used for the conditions described above. Accordingly there also remains a need
for antiprogestin
compounds which exhibit higher specificity.
It is therefore the purpose of the present invention to provide novel and
potent progestin
antagonists (antiprogestins) and mixed or partial progestin agonists, and to
provide methods for
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their medical use in mammals, including humans.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention provides a group of novel 173-nitro steroids, which are
characterized by
11(3-substitution, particularly I 1 a-aryl substitution. In addition, this
invention provides a group
of novel 17,17-spiro cyclic nitrone steroids. Therefore the present invention
is directed to
compounds since which have potential for reduction of side effects and, in
addition exhibit
strong binding to the progestin receptor and have potent progestational or
antiprogestational
activity.
As an aspect of the invention, which is claimed in parent Canadian serial no.
2,333,668,
there is provided a hormonal or antihormonal steroid compound of structure I,
R12
R1 NO2 7
(I)
R6
wherein
R' is (R2 R3 N(O),)-, where r is 0 or 1 and R2 and R' are each independently
H, C1.6 alkyl,
Cj4 cycloalkyl, C2.s alkenyl or C2.6 alkynyl, any of which may be optionally
substituted; or
CH2 (OX
R' is y~ ~N- , where q is 0 or 1, Y is -(CH2), where m is an integer of 0 to
5, or
CH2 i
Y is -(CH).-Z- (CH2)P , where n is an integer of 0 to 2, p is an integer of 0
to 2, and Z is a
heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur,
silicon and boron,
(optionally substituted); and where the CH2 groups may be optionally
substituted; or
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R' is N-imidazolyl-,N-pyrrolyl-, halo-, HO-, CF3SO2O-, C,.6 alkyl O-, C,.6.
alkyl S-, C 1.6
alkyl S(O)-, C,.6 alkyl S(O2)-, C,.6 alkyl CO-, C,.6 alkyl CH(OH)-, NC-, HCC-,
C6HSCC-, 2'-
furyl, 3'-furyl-, 2'-thiophenyl, 3'-thiophenyl-, 2'-pyridyl,3'-pyridyl, 4'-
pyridyl-, 2'-thiazolyl-,
2'-N-methylimidazolyl-, 5'-pyrimidinyl-, C6H5-, H2C=CH-, C,.6 all yl or
McC(=CH2)-; and
R12 is H or halo; or
R' and R12 combine to form a ring R4
N-,
where W is CH2, CH, NH, N, 0, or S, and R4 is H or CI-6 alkyl, the dashed line
in the
ring that R' and R12 form together representing an optional double.bond; and
X is 0 or NOR', where R5 is H or C,.6 alkyl, C3-! cycloalkyl, C2.6 alkenyl,
C2.6 allcynyl,
C6.12 aryl, or heteroaryl, any of which maybe, optionally substituted; or
X is (H, H), (H, OH), (H, OSi(C,.6 alkyl);), or (H, OCOR'), where R' is CI-6
alkyl, C34
cycloalkyl, C2.6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, C6.12 aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl,
aralkynyl, heteroaryl,
y
heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl or heteroaralkynyl , any of which may be
optionally substituted; or
CH2O-
Xis Y~ . where Y is -(CH2 m where in is an integer of 0 to 3, or Y is -(CHA-
~CH2O-
Z-(CH2)p where n is an integer of 0 to 2, p is an integer of 0 to 2 and Z is a
heteroatom
selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicon and
boron
(optionally substituted) or Z is a carbon atom substituted with one or two
C,.6 alkyl groups;
R6 is H, CI.6 alkyl, -or halogen;
R7 is H, CI.6 alkyl, C2., alkenyl, or C2.6 alkynyl, C34 cycloalkyl, 06.12
aryl, aralkyl,
aralkenyl, aralkynyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl or
heteroaralkynyl, any of which
may be optionally substituted, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein heteroaryl is a unit of 5 to 12 non-hydrogen atoms consisting of one
or more
cyclic structures and which contains I to 5 heteroatoms; aralkyl, aralkenyl
and aralkynyl are,
respectively, C, to C4 alkyl,. C2 to C4 alkenyl and C2 to C4 alkynyl, each
gomprising an aryl
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substituent; heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl and heteroaralkynyl are,
,respectively, C1_to C4 alkyl,
C2 to C4 alkenyl and C2 to C4 alkynyl, each comprising a heteroaryl
substituent as defined
above; and optionally substituted is defined as unsubstituted or substituted
with one or more of
the heteroatoms defined above, halogens or a substituent selected from the
group consisting of
C1-4 alkyl groups, C2-4 alkenyl groups, C24 alkynyl groups, C3.7 cyclo alkyl
groups, C6-12 aryl
groups and heteroaryl groups as defined above, each of which substituent being
optionally
further substituted with one or more heteroatom selected from oxygen,
nitrogen, sulfur, silicon
and boron, halogens or both.
As a further aspect, there is provided a hormonal or antihormonal steroid
compound of
structrure II,
8
R12
R1 0,N /
(II)
6
wherein
R' is (R2 R3 N(O),)-, where r is 0 or 1 and R2 and R3 are each independently
H, C1.6 alkyl,
C3_, cycloalkyl, C2_6 alkenyl or C2_6 alkynyl, any of which may be optionally
substituted; or
CH2 (O)q
R' is y' N- , where q is 0 or 1, Y is -(CH2)m where m is an integer of 0 to
"CH2i
5, or Y is -(CH2),; Z- (CH2)p where n is an integer of 0 to 2, p is an integer
of 0 to 2, and Z-is a
heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur,
silicon and boron,
(optionally substituted) and where the CH2 groups may be optionally
substituted; or
R' is N-imidazolyl-, N-pyrrolyl-, halo-, HO-, CF3SO2O-, CI-6 alkyl 0-, C1.6
alkyl S-, C1.6
alkyl S(O)-, C1_6 alkyl S(02)-, C1.6 alkyl CO-, C,_6 alkyl CH(OH)-, NC-, HCC-,
C6H5CC-, 2'-
furyl, 3'-furyl-, (2'-thiophenyl, 3'-thiophenyl-, 2'-pyridyl, 3'-pyridyl, 4'-
pyridyl-, 2'-thiazolyl-,
2'-N-methylimidazolyl-, 5'-pyrimidinyl-, C6H5-, H2C=CH-, C)_6alkyl or
MeC(=CH2)-; and
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R12 is H or halo; or
R4
R' and R12 combine to form a ring I
N
W
where W is CH2, CH, NH, N, 0, or S, and R4 is H or C1.,6 alkyl, the dashed
line in the ring
that R1 and R12 form together representing an optional double bond; and
X is 0 or NOR', where R5 is H or C1, alkyl, C3-8 cycloalkyl, C2-6 alkenyl,
C2.6alkynyl,
C6-12 aryl, or heteroaryl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or
X is (H, H), (H, OH), (H, OSi(C1_6 alkyl)3), or (H, OCOR'), where R5 is C,.6
allcyl, C3_8
cycloalkyl, C2.6 alkenyl, C2.6-alkynyl, C6_,2 aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl,
aralkynyl, heteroaryl,
heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl or heteroaralkynyl , any of which may be
optionally substituted; or
CH2O-
X is Y" , where Y is -(CH2)m- where m is an integer of 0 to 3, or Y is -(CH2)a
CH2O-
Z-(CH2)P where n is an integer of 0 to 2, p is an integer of 0 to 2 and Z is a
heteroatom
selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicon and
boron,
(optionally substituted) or Z is a carbon atom substituted with one or two
C1_6 alkyl groups;
R6 is H, C,.6 alkyl, or halogen; and
R8 is H, C,.6 alkyl, C2.6 alkenyl, or C2_6 alkynyl, C3,8 cycloalkyl, C6_12
aryl, aralkyl,
aralkenyl, aralkynyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl or
heteroaralkynyl, any of which
may be optionally substituted, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein heteroaryl is a unit of 5 to 12 non-hydrogen atoms consisting of one
ormore cyclic
structures and which contains 1 to 5 heteroatoms; aralkyl, aralkenyl and
aralkynyl are,
respectively, C1 to C4 alkyl, C2 to C4 alkenyl and C2 to C4 alkynyl, each
comprising an aryl
substituent; heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl and heteroarakynyl are
respectively, C1 to C4 alkyl, C2
to C4 alkenyl and C2 to C4 alkynyl, each comprising a heteroaryl substituent
as defined above; and
optionally substituted is defined as unsubstituted or substituted with one or
more of the
beteroatoms defined above, halogens or a substituent selected from the group
consisting of C1-4
alkyl groups, C24 alkenyl groups, C2.4 alkynyl groups, C3_7 cyclo alkyl
groups, C6.12 aryl groups
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and heteroaryl groups as defined above, each of which substituent being
optionally further
substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen,
sulfur, silicon and
boron, halogens or both.
There is further provided the use of the compound defined above for agonizing
or
antagonizing the activity of progesterone in a patient in need thereof for a
therapeutic
purpose.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant
advantages
thereof will be readily obtained as the same become better understood by
reference to the
following detailed description when considered in connection with the
accompanying drawings,
wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates the preparation of 17P-nitro substituted compounds;
Figure 2 illustrates the preparation of Cõ spirocyclic nitrone compounds; and
Figure 3 illustrates the preparation of nitro alkynyl compounds.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Steroid compounds according to the present invention may be of the structure
I,
. RI2
R~ N02
(I)
X
6
wherein
R' is (R2 R3 N(O),)-, where r is 0 or I and R2 and R3 are each independently
H, C1_6 alkyl,
C3.3 cycloalkyl, C2_6 alkenyl or C2.6 alkynyl, any of which may be optionally
substituted; or
(O)q
R' is Y,CH2` N - where q is 0 or 1, Y is -(CH
2)m where m is an integer of 0
CH2
to 5,
or Y is -(CH2) -Z- (CH2)p , where n is an integer of 0 to 2, p is an integer
of 0 to 2, and Z is a
heteroatom (optionally substituted); and where the CH2 groups may be
optionally substituted; or
R' is N-imidazolyl-, N-pyrrolyl-, halo-, HO-, CF3SO2O-, C1_6 alkyl 0-, C1_6
alkyl S-, C,,
alkyl S(O)-, C,_6 alkyl S(02)-, C1_6 alkyl CO-, C1_6 alkyl CH(OH)-, NC-, HCC-,
C6HSCC-, 2'-
furyl, 3'-furyl-, 2'-thiophenyl, 3'-thiophenyl-, 2'-pyridyl, 3'-pyridyl, 4'-
pyridyl-, 2'-thiazolyl-,
2'-N-methylimidazolyl-, 5'-pyrimidinyl-, C6H5-, H2C=CH-, C1_6alkyl or
MeC(=CH2)-; and
R12 is H or halo; or
4
R' and R12 combine to form a ring N
\=
W
where W is CH2, CH, NH, N, 0, or S, and R4 is H or C1_6 alkyl; and
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X is 0 or NOR', where R5 is H or C1.6 alkyl, C3.8 cycloalkyl, C2.6 alkenyl,
C2_6 alkynyl,
06.12 aryl, or heteroaryl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or
X is (H, H), (H, OH), (H, OSi(C1.6 alkyl),), or (H, OCOR5), where R5 is C1_6
alkyl, C3_8
cycloalkyl, C2.6 alkenyl, C2.6 alkynyl, C6.12 aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl,
aralkynyl, heteroaryl,
heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl or heteroaralkynyl , any of which may be
optionally substituted; or
/CH2O-
X is Y\ , where Y is -(CH2)m where m is an integer of 0 to 3, or Y is -(CH2)õ
CH2O-
Z-(CH2)P where n is an integer of 0 to 2, p is an integer of 0 to 2 and Z is a
heteroatom
(optionally substituted) or Z is a carbon atom substituted with one or two
C1_6 alkyl groups;
R6 is H, C1.6 alkyl, or halogen;
R' is H, C,.6 alkyl, C2.6 alkenyl, or C2.6 alkynyl, C3.8 cycloalkyl, C6_12
aryl, aralkyl,
aralkenyl, aralkynyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl or
heteroaralkynyl, any of which
may be optionally substituted, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
Steroid compounds according to the present invention may comprise a cyclic
nitrone unit,
of the structure II,
R8
R12
R~ OONe
(II)
6
wherein
R' is (R2 R3 N(O)r)-, where r is 0 or I and R2 and R3 are each independently
H, C,.6 alkyl,
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C3.8 cycloalkyl, C2.6 alkenyl or C,_6 alkynyl, any of which may be optionally
substituted; or
CH2\ (O)q
R' is YCH2 iN , where q is 0 or 1, Y is -(CH2)m where m is an integer of 0 to
5, or Y is -(CH2),, Z- (CH,)P where n is an integer of 0 to 2, p is an integer
of 0 to 2, and Z is a
heteroatom (optionally substituted) and where the CH2 groups may be optionally
substituted; or
R' is N-imidazolyl-, N-pyrrolyl-, halo-, HO-, CF3SO,O-, C1.6 alkyl 0-, C1.6
alkyl S-, C1.6
alkyl S(O)-, C1_6 alkyl S(02)-, C, alkyl CO-, C,_6 alkyl CH(OH)-, NC-, HCC-,
C6H5CC-, 2'-
f aryl, 3'-furyl-, 2'-thiophenyl, 3'-thiophenyl-, 2'-pyridyl, 3'-pyridyl, 4'-
pyridyl-, 2'-thiazolyl-,
2'-N-methylimidazolyl-, 5'-pyrimidinyl-, C6H5-, H,C=CH-, C1_6alkyl or
MeC(=CH2)-; and
R12 is H or halo; or
R4
R' and R12 combine to form a ring I
N
W
where W is CH,, CH, NH, N, 0, or S, and R4 is H or C1.6 alkyl; and
Xis 0 or NOR', where R5 is H or C,.6 alkyl, C3.8 cycloalkyl, C2_6 alkenyl,
C,.6 alkynyl,
C6.12 aryl, or heteroaryl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or
X is (H, H), (H, OH), (H, OSi(C1_6 alkyl),), or (H, OCOR'), where R' is C1.6
alkyl, C3.8
cycloalkyl, C2_6 alkenyl, C2.6 alkynyl, C6.12 aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl,
aralkynyl, heteroaryl,
heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl or heteroaralkynyl , any of which may be
optionally substituted; or
/ CH2O-
X is y , where Y is -(CH2)m- where m is an integer of 0 to 3, or Y is -(CH2),,-
CH2O-
Z-(CH,)P where n is an integer of 0 to 2, p is an integer of 0 to 2 and Z is a
heteroatom
(optionally substituted) or Z is a carbon atom substituted with one or two
C1_6 alkyl groups;
R6 is H, C,.6 alkyl, or halogen; and
R8 is H, C,.6 alkyl, C2.5 alkenyl, or C2.6 alkynyl, C3_8 cycloalkyl, C6_12
aryl, aralkyl,
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WO 99162929 PCTIUS99/10481
aralkenyl, aralkynyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl or
heteroaralkynyl, any of which
may be optionally substituted, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
The above-identified compounds of formula I and II specifically include
compounds
which are substituted on the A ring at the 3-position with two hydrogen atoms.
These
compounds are believed to undergo oxidation in vivo to the corresponding
carbonyl compound.
Within the scope of the present invention, the term heteroatom means oxygen,
nitrogen,
sulfur, silicon or boron. Halogen means fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine
and halo means
fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo. Aralkyl, aralkenyl, or aralkynyl means a C1-C4
alkyl, C2-C4
alkenyl or C,-C4 alkynyl group bearing anaryl substituent. Lower alkyl means
aCi-C4 alkyl
group. Heteroaryl means a unit of 5 to 12 non-hydrogen atoms consisting of one
or more cyclic
structures that may be fused or linked together, which contain 1 to 5
heteroatoms and which are
generally accepted by those skilled in the art as having aromatic electronic
character.
Heteroaralkyl, heteroaralkenyl, or heteroaralkynyl means a C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4
alkenyl or
C2-C4 alkynyl group bearing a heteroaryl substituent.
"Optionally substituted" means unsubstituted or substituted with one or more
heteroatom(s) and/or halogens and/or alkyl groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms
and/or alkenyl and/or
alkynyl groups of 2 to 4 carbon atoms and/or cycloalkyl groups of 3 to 7
carbon atoms and/or
aryl groups of 6 to 12 carbon atoms and/or heteroaryl groups, and in which the
alkyl, alkenyl,
alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl group may be further substituted with
one or more
heteroatoms and/or halogens. Substitution may occur directly on CH2 groups of
cyclic amine
heterocycles. Where their valency permits, heteroatoms may be substituted
either within the
carbon chain or by attachment to it by single or double bonds. For example, -
CH2CH2C(=O)H, -
CH,C(=O)CH3, -CH,CH2OCH3, -CH7CH2CH2OH, CH3CH2CH2O-, -CH2CH,C(=O)NH2,
CH3CH7C(=O)NH-, -CH2000CH3, CH3CH2OOO- and CF3CC- all fall within this
definition.
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In all cases where valency and steric considerations permit, alkyl, alkenyl,
alkynyl and
cycloalkyl groups may contain additional double or triple bonds and/or
branched chains.
The group R6 at C6 as it appears in structures I and II may be in either the a
or (3 position.
In a preferred embodiment, the group R6 is located in the a-position.
In another embodiment, the Cõ P-aryl group may be replaced with a pyridine
group
substituted with groups R' and R12 as previously described.
In a preferred embodiment, the compound of structure I is substituted, where
R'-Ph is 4-aminophenyl, 4-(N-methylamino)phenyl, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl,
4-
(N-piperidino)phenyl, 4-(N-pyrrolidino)phenyl, 4-(N-morpholino)phenyl, I -
methylindol-5-yl or
1-methyl-2,3-dihydroindol-5-yl;
X is 0, NOH, or NOCH3;
R6 is H, CH3, F or Cl;
R' is H, methyl, ethynyl, I-propynyl, 3-propynyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxy-l-
propenyl (E- or Z-), 3,3,3-trifluropropyn-1-yl, 3-hydroxypropyn-l-yl,
(CH2)2COOCH3,
(CH2)2000C2H5, (CH2)2COCH3, CC-C6H5, or CH2C6H5.
In another preferred embodiment, the steroid of structure II is substituted as
follows:
R'-Ph is 4-aminophenyl, 4-(N-methylamino)phenyl, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl,
4-
(N-piperidino)phenyl, 4-(N-pyrrolidino)phenyl, 4-(N-morpholino)phenyl, 1-
methylindol-5-yl or
1-methyl-2,3-dihydroindol-5-yl);
X is 0, NOH, or NOCH3;
R6 is H, CH3, F or Cl; and
R' is H, CH3 or CH,C6H5.
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Within the context of the present invention, the individual -CH2- groups which
CH2 (O)q
comprise R' and more specifically, the -CH2- groups of the groupsy' " N _ ,
(CHz)m,
CH2
(CH7),,, (CH,)p may be substituted as described above.
Specific non-limiting examples include the compounds: 11(3-(4-acetylphenyl)-
17a-(1-
propynyl)-I7f3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one; 11(3-(4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl)-
17a-(1-
propynyl)-17(3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one; 3',4'-dihydro-11(3-(4-(N,N-
dimethylamino)phenyl)-5'-
methyl-1'-oxo-spiro[estra-4,9-dien-17(3,2'(2'H)-pyrrole]-3-one; 3',4'-dihydro-
11(3-(4-(N,N-
dimethylamino)phenyl)-1'-oxo-spiro[estra-4,9-dien-17(3,2'(2'H)-pyrrole]-3-one;
11 f3-(4-
acetylphenyI)-I7a-(E-3-hydroxy-l-propenyl)-17[3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one;
11(3-(4-
acetylphenyl)-I7a-(3-hydroxypropyl)-173-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one; 11(3-(4-
(N,N-
dimethylamino)phenyl)-17a-(E-3-hydroxy-l-propenyl)-17(3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-
one; 17[3-
nitro- 11 13-(4-(N-piperidino)phenyl)-17a-propynyl-estra-4,9-dien-3-one; 3',4'-
dihydro-11(3-(4-(N-
piperidino)phenyl)-5'-methyl-I'-oxo-spiro[estra-4,9-diene-17[3,2'(2'-H)-
pyrrole]-3-one; and 11(3-
(4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl)-17a-(3-hydroxypropyl)-17[3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3
-one.
Those compounds of the present invention which bear an amino group on the Cõ
phenyl
group accordingly may also comprise a salt formed with the amine. Suitable
pharmaceutically
acceptable salts are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and comprise
carboxylates,
sulfates, phosphates and halides.
Steroids having progestational, antiprogestational and/or antiglucocorticoid
activity have
use in the control of fertility in humans and non-human mammals such as
primates, domestic
pets and farm animals, and in the treatment of medical conditions in animals
or humans in which
these activities are beneficial. Thus they may be useful in the treatment of
conditions such as
fibroids, Cushing's syndrome, glaucoma, endometriosis, cervical ripening prior
to delivery,
hormone replacement therapy, premenstrual syndrome and cancer in addition to
their use in the
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control of fertility and reproduction.
The compounds of the present invention may be administered by a variety of
methods.
Thus, those products of the invention that are active by the oral route may be
administered in
solutions, suspensions, emulsions, tablets, including sublingual and
intrabuccal tablets, soft
gelatin capsules, including solutions used in soft gelatin capsules, aqueous
or oil suspensions,
emulsions, pills, lozenges, troches, tablets, syrups or elixirs and the like.
Products of the
invention active on parenteral administration may be administered by depot
injection, implants
including SilasticTM and biodegradable implants, intramuscular and intravenous
injections.
Compositions may be prepared according to any method known to the art for the
manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions and such compositions may contain
one or more
agents selected from the group consisting of sweetening agents, flavoring
agents, coloring agents
and preserving agents. Tablets containing the active ingredient in admixture
with nontoxic
pharmaceutically acceptable excipients which are suitable for manufacture of
tablets are
acceptable. These excipients may be, for example, inert diluents, such as
calcium carbonate,
sodium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate granulating
and
disintegrating agents, such as maize starch, or alginic acid; binding agents,
such as starch, gelatin
or acacia; and lubricating agents, such as magnesium stearate, stearic acid or
talc. Tablets may
be uncoated or may be coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and
adsorption in the
gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer
period. For example, a
time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate alone
or with a wax may
be employed.
Formulations for oral use may also be presented as hard gelatin capsules
wherein the
active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example calcium
carbonate, calcium
phosphate or kaolin, or as soft gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient
is mixed with water
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or an oil medium, such as peanut oil, liquid paraffin or olive oil.
Aqueous suspensions of the invention contain the active materials in admixture
with
excipients suitable for the manufacture of aqueous suspensions. Such
excipients include a
suspending agent, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose,
hydroxypropylethyl
cellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum
acacia, and dispersing
or wetting agents such as a naturally occurring phosphatide (e.g., lecithin),
a condensation
product of an alkylene oxide with a fatty acid (e.g., polyoxyethylene
stearate), a condensation
product of ethylene oxide with a long chain aliphatic alcohol (e.g.,
heptadecaethylene
oxycetanol), a condensation product of ethylene oxide with a partial ester
derived from a fatty
acid and a hexitol (e.g., polyoxyethylene sorbitol mono-oleate), or a
condensation product of
ethylene oxide with a partial ester derived from fatty acid and a hexitol
anhydride (e.g.,
polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate). The aqueous suspension may also contain
one or more
preservatives such as ethyl or n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, one or more
coloring agents, one or
more flavoring agents and one or more sweetening agents, such as sucrose,
aspartame or
saccharin. Ophthalmic formulations, as is known in the art, will be adjusted
for osmotic
pressure.
Oil suspensions may be formulated by suspending the active ingredient in a
vegetable oil,
such as arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or coconut oil, or in a mineral oil
such as liquid paraffin.
The oil suspensions may contain a thickening agent, such as beeswax, hard
paraffin or cetyl
alcohol. Sweetening agents may be added to provide a palatable oral
preparation. These
compositions may be preserved by the addition of an antioxidant such as
ascorbic acid.
Dispersible powders and granules of the invention suitable for preparation of
an aqueous
suspension by the addition of water may be formulated from the active
ingredients in admixture
with a dispersing, suspending and/or wetting agent, and one or more
preservatives. Suitable
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dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents are exemplified by those
disclosed above.
Additional excipients, for example sweetening, flavoring and coloring agents,
may also be
present.
The pharmaceutical composition of the invention may also be in the form of oil-
in-water
emulsions. The oily phase may be a vegetable oil, such as olive oil or arachis
oil, a mineral oil,
such as liquid paraffin, or a mixture of these. Suitable emulsifying agents
include naturally
occurring gums, such as gum acacia and gum tragacanth, naturally occurring
phosphatides, such
as soybean lecithin, esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and
hexitol anhydrides, such
as sorbitan mono-oleate, and condensation products of these partial esters
with ethylene oxide,
such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate. The emulsion may also contain
sweetening and
flavoring agents.
Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents, such as glycerol,
sorbitol
or sucrose. Such formulations may also contain a demulcent, a preservative, a
flavoring or a
coloring agent.
The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may be in the form of a
sterile
injectable preparation, such as a sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous
suspension. This
suspension may be formulated according to the known art using those suitable
dispersing or
wetting agents and suspending agents which have been mentioned above. The
sterile injectable
preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a
nontoxic parenterally
acceptable diluent or solvent, such as a solution of 1,3-butanediol. Among the
acceptable
vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water and Ringer's solution, an
isotonic sodium
chloride. In addition, sterile fixed oils may conventionally be employed as a
solvent or
suspending medium. For this purpose any bland fixed oil may be employed
including synthetic
mono- or diglycerides. In addition, fatty acids such as oleic acid may
likewise be used in the
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preparation of injectables. Sterilization may be performed by conventional
methods known to
those of ordinary skill in the art such as by aseptic filtration, irradiation
or terminal sterilization
(e.g. autoclaving).
Aqueous formulations (i.e oil-in-water emulsions, syrups, elixers and
injectable
preparations) may be formulated to achieve the pH of optimum stability. The
determination of
the optimum pH may be performed by conventional methods known to those of
ordinary skill in
the art. Suitable buffers may also be used to maintain the pH of the
formulation.
The compounds of this invention may also be administered in the form of
suppositories
for rectal administration of the drug. These compositions can be prepared by
mixing the drug
with a suitable nonirritating excipient which is solid at ordinary
temperatures but liquid at the
rectal temperatures and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug.
Non-limiting
examples of such materials are cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols.
They may also be administered by intranasal, intraocular, intravaginal, and
intrarectal
routes including suppositories, insufflation, powders and aerosol
formulations.
Products of the invention which are preferably administered by the topical
route may be
administered as applicator sticks, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, gels,
creams, ointments,
pastes, jellies, paints, powders, and aerosols.
Products having anti-glucocorticoid activity are of particular value in
pathological
conditions characterized by excess endogenous glucocorticoid such as Cushing's
syndrome,
hirsutism and in particular when associated with the adrenogenital syndrome,
ocular conditions
associated with glucocorticoid excess such as glaucoma, stress symptoms
associated with excess
glucocorticoid secretion and the like.
Products having progestational activity are of particular value as
progestational agents,
ovulation inhibitors, menses regulators, contraceptive agents, agents for
synchronization of
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fertile periods in cattle, endometriosis, and the like. When used for
contraceptive purposes, they
may conveniently be admixed with estrogenic agents, such as for example as
ethynylestradiol or
estradiol esters.
Products having anti-progestational activity are characterized by antagonizing
the effects
of progesterone. As such, they are of particular value in control of hormonal
irregularities in the
menstrual cycle and for synchronization of fertile periods in cattle.
The compounds of the invention may be used for control of fertility during the
whole of
the reproductive cycle. They are of particular value as postcoital
contraceptives, for rendering
the uterus inimical to implantation, and as "once a month" contraceptive
agents. They may be
used in conjunction with prostaglandins, oxytocics, estrogens and the like.
A further important utility for the products of the invention lies in their
ability to slow
down growth of hormone-dependent cancers. Such cancers include kidney, breast,
endometrial,
ovarian cancers, and prostate cancer which are characterized by possessing
progesterone
receptors and may be expected to respond to the products of this invention.
Other utilities of
anti-progestational agents include treatment of fibrocystic disease of the
breast. Certain cancers
and in particular melanomas may respond favorably to corticoidlanticorticoid
therapy.
The compounds according to the present invention may be administered to any
warm-
blooded mammal such as humans, domestic pets, and farm animals. Domestic pets
include dogs,
cats, etc. Farm animals include cows, horses, pigs, sheep, goats, etc.
The amount of active ingredient that may be combined with a carrier material
to produce
a single dosage form will vary depending upon the disease treated, the
mammalian species, and
the particular mode of administration. A therapeutically effective amount may
be determined by
routine experimentation and by analogy from the amounts used to treat the same
disease states
with analogous steroid compounds. For example, a unit dose of the steroid may
preferably
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contain between 0.1 milligram and 1 gram of the active ingredient. A more
preferred unit dose is
between 0.00 1 and 0.5 grams. For the specific treatment of endometriosis or
fibroids an amount
of 0.01 to 10 mg/kg of body weight, preferably from 0.1 to 3 mg/kg may be
administered.
Similar dosages may be used for the other therapeutic purposes of these
compounds. Ordinarily
the compounds may be administered daily I to 4 times per day, preferably I to
2 times per day,
but for uses such as for example in hormone replacement therapy, they may be
administered in a
cyclophasic regimen. In any case the frequency and timing of dosage will
depend upon factors
such as the half-life of the specific compound in the body, the dosage
formulation and the route
of administration. It will be understood, however, that the specific dose
level for any particular
patient will depend on a variety of factors including the activity of the
specific compound
employed; the age, body weight, general health, sex and diet of the individual
being treated the
time and route of administration; the rate of excretion: other drugs which
have previously been
administered; and the severity of the particular disease undergoing therapy,
as is well understood
by those of skill in the art.
Such compounds are useful in the treatment of endometriosis, uterine
leiomyomas
(fibroids) and certain cancers and tumors, in hormone replacement therapy as
well as in the
control of various steps in reproduction and fertility, such as contraception.
A more detailed
description of the potential uses of such compounds is given in Donaldson,
Molly S.; Dorflinger,
L.; Brown, Sarah S.; Benet, Leslie Z., Editors, Clinical Applications of
Mifepristone (RU 486)
and Other Antiprogestins, Committee on Antiprogestins: Assessing the Science,
Institute of
Medicine, National Academy Press, 1993.
The compounds of the present invention may be prepared by conventional methods
known to those of ordinary skill of the art. By way of example the following
general synthetic
procedure is provided.
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Compounds of this invention may be made according to the procedures outlined
in Charts
A-C (Figures 1-3), beginning with 3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-estra-
5(10),9(11)-diene-l7-one
(A-1). This compound is converted to the 5(10)a-epoxide A-2 by a variety of
methods,
including preferably treatment of A-1 with H202, hexafluoroacetone and Na2HPO4
in CH,C1, and
thence to the 11(3-aryl compound A-3 by treatment with an aryl Grignard
reagent mixed with a
copper(l) salt, preferably CuCI (see Teutsch, G., et al., Steroids 59: 22-26
(1994)). Oxime
formation with hydroxylainine hydrochloride in pyridine gives compound A-4 in
excellent yield.
Treatment of A-4 with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) gives an intermediate 17-bromo-
17-nitro
compound, which is readily reduced by treatment with NaBH4 to the 17-nitro
compound A-5.
Michael (1,4) addition of the nitro compound in the presence of a base to a,p-
unsaturated
esters (method of Patchett, et al., J. Org. Chem., 27, 3822 (1962)) gives the
corresponding
adducts A-6. When for example methyl acrylate or methyl propiolate is used as
the unsaturated
ester, the adduct A-6 is formed with R7 either CH,CH2000Me or CH=CHCOOMe,
respectively.
The adduct with methyl propiolate is mainly the E-isomer. Compounds of type A-
5 or A-6 may
be treated with mild acid (preferably trifluoroacetic acid and water in
CH2CI2) to form the
dienones A-8. The group R' in compounds of type A-6 may be subjected to other
reactions.
Thus, ester groups may be reduced to primary alcohols with diisobutylaluminum
hydride
(DIBAL-H) to yield, for example, A-7 (R'= CH2CH2CH2OH) and A-7 (R'=
CH=CHCH2OH),
respectively. Acid treatment, preferably with trifluoroacetic acid and water
in CH2C12, results in
deketalization and dehydration to the corresponding dienones A-8.
When the aromatic ring of A-4 contains substituents that make the aryl ring
particularly
susceptible to electrophilic attack, such as for example N-dialkylamino or N-
heterocycloalkyl,
treatment with NBS results in bromination at the position ortho to the
electron-donating
substituent as well as conversion to the 17-bromo-l7-nitro compound. The
resulting aryl
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bromide may be carried through the rest of the procedures or the aryl bromine
may be replaced
by a hydrogen atom at any time before the final product A-8 is obtained by
treating the
appropriate compound with t-butyl lithium followed by a hydrogen ion source
(see for example
Kobrich and Buck, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 103, 1412 (1970)). If tritium or
deuterium compounds
are used as the hydrogen ion source, an isotopically labeled compound is
obtained, which is
useful in tracer studies, such as for example metabolism, pharmacokinetics or
receptor binding
studies.
If it is not desired to have a halogenated aryl group, then the necessity for
replacement of
the bromine with hydrogen reduces the overall yield of the process. One of the
findings of this
invention is that if R' is an amino group such that R'-Ar is a tertiary amine,
the Ar ring can be
deactivated towards substitution by first oxidizing the nitrogen to a tertiary
amine N-oxide.
Therefore alternatively and preferably, when a tertiary amino substituent is
present on the
aromatic nucleus, the ring may be deactivated towards bromination by
conversion of the tertiary
amine to an amine oxide (A-4, R' = R2N(O)-). A number of oxidizing agents
known to the art
may be used. For example dimethyldioxirane gives excellent yields. Slightly
lower yields are
obtained by treatment with H,O, and hexafluoroacetone, but the convenience of
this latter
procedure makes it generally preferable. The amine oxide is reduced back to
the amine after the
NBS reaction by simply shaking the reaction mixture with aqueous ferrous
sulfate, which is
normally used in the workup of the NBS reaction. The resulting 17-bromo-l7-
nitro compound is
then reduced to the 17-nitro compound A-5 by NaBH4, just as previously noted.
In the case of
A-5 the 17-nitro substituent is primarily in the 17(3-position, but either the
a- or the P-compound
may be used in the next step, as the anion generated in the Michael reaction
equilibrates readily
and the addition of unsaturated ester occurs from the a-side of the molecule.
When A-5 undergoes Michael addition to an a,(3-unsaturated carbonyl compound,
such as
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for example methyl vinyl ketone. as shown in Figure 2, the resulting carbonyl
product B-1 may
be reduced and cyclized, for example by treatment with zinc and NH4C1, to form
the nitrone B-2
(see method of Bonnett, et al., J. Chem. Soc., 2094-2102 (1959)). If R12 in B-
2 is a bromine, the
product may be reduced to B-2 (R12 = H)by the t-butyl lithium treatment
previously described.
Acid treatment of ketals B-2 leads to the dienones B-3. For example, if the
a,(3-unsaturated
ketone is methyl vinyl ketone, the resulting final product is methyl nitrone B-
3 (R8 = CH3). The
aldonitrones (B-2, R8 = H) are preferably made by reduction of ester A-6 (R7 =
CH2CH2COOR)
to the aldehyde (A-6 R7 = CH2CH2CHO) with limited DIBAL-H (see procedure of
Miller, et al.,
J. Org. Chem., 24, 627 (1959)), followed by the zinc/NH,Cl reduction and
cyclization to nitrone
B-2 (R =1-I) and deketalizationldehydration to the dienone B-3 (R8 = H).
17a-Carbon substituents may also be introduced into the nitro compound A-5 by
means
of alkynyl residues. For example when the anion of A-5 is treated in
dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)
with an alkynyllead(IV) triacetate compound (procedure of Pinhey, J. T., et
al., J. Chem. Soc.
Perkin Trans., 1, 333 (1989)), the corresponding 17a-alkynyl-17(3-nitro
compound C-1 (Chart C,
Figure 3) is obtained. Acid treatment as described above leads to the dienones
C-2.
Having generally described this invention, a further understanding can be
obtained by
reference to certain specific examples which are provided herein for purposes
of illustration only
and are not intended to be limiting unless otherwise specified.
General Procedures. Unless otherwise stated, reagent-grade chemicals were
obtained
from commercial sources and were used without further purification. Ether and
tetrahydrofuran
(THF) were freshly distilled from sodium benzophenone ketyl pair under
nitrogen. All moisture-
and air-sensitive reactions and reagent transfers were carried out under dry
nitrogen or argon.
Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed on EM Science precoated silica
gel 60 F-254
plates. Compounds were normally visualized by UV light (254 nm) or p-
anisaldehyde spray.
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Preparative column chromatography employed EM Science silica gel, 60 A (230-
400 mesh).
Solutions were concentrated by use of a rotary evaporator under water
aspirator pressure at
ambient temperature. Melting points were taken on a Mel-TempTM II and are
uncorrected.
Unless otherwise noted, 1H NMR spectra were obtained at 250 MHz on a BrukerTM
AC 250
spectrometer in CDC 13 as solvent with tetramethylsilane (TMS) as internal
standard. Chemical
shifts are reported in units, of ppm downfield from TMS. Mass spectra were
normally obtained
by electron impact at 70 eV on a Hewlett PackardTM 5989A instrument. Elemental
analyses were
performed by Atlantic Microlab Inc., Atlanta, GA.
Example I. Synthesis of 11(3-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-17[3-nitroestra-
4,9-diem-3-one [A-8 (R1= 4-Me2N, R7 = R12 = H)]
3,3-[1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a,10a-(oxido)estr-9(11)-en-17-one (A-2). To a
solution of
32.0 g (102 mmol) of 3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]estra-5(10),9(11)-dien-l7-one
in 192 mL of
CH2CI2 at 0 C was added 7.04 mL (50.9 mmol) of hexafluoroacetone trihydrate
(Lancaster
Synthesis, Inc.) followed by 2.46 g (17.3 mmol) of Na2HPO4, and then 8.64 mL
(153 mmol) of
50% H202 was added dropwise to the efficiently stirred mixture (overhead
mechanical stirring).
Efficient stirring was continued for 18 h, during which time the temperature
was allowed to
gradually rise to room temperature, then 192 mL of saturated aqueous Na2S2O3
was added.
After stirring for 20 min, the mixture was combined with another (32.0 g)
batch which had been
prepared identically up to this point in parallel. The aqueous layer (bottom)
was separated and
extracted three times with 80 mL of EtOAc. The combined organic solution was
diluted with
240 mL of EtOAc and washed twice with 80 mL of saturated aqueous NaHCO3, twice
with
80 mL of brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and the solvent was removed under
reduced pres-
sure. The yellow solid (76.1 g) was triturated with 320 mL of diethyl ether
with magnetic
stirring for 12 h in a closed flask. The resulting white slurry, was combined
with three other
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batches (3 x 32.0 g) which had been prepared identically (and proportionally)
to this point, in
parallel, then suction filtered through a coarse-porosity sintered glass
funnel, rinsing three times
with 40 mL of diethyl ether, then allowed to suck dry for 1.5 h. The resulting
white filter cake
was gently scraped into a fine white powder and dried in vacuo to afford
epoxide A-2 (89.5 g,
53% yield). 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) S 6.06 (br s, 1), 3.98-3.88 (m, 4), 2.52-
2.44 (m, 2),
1.32-1.12 (m, 1), 0.88 (s, 3).
11 p-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxyestr-
9-ene-17-
one [A-3 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R12 = H)]. A flask equipped with an overhead
mechanical stirrer and
charged with 11.6 g (475 mmol) of magnesium turnings was flame-dried under a
stream of dry
nitrogen. After cooling to room temperature, 400 mL of THE was added, followed
by a few
crystals of iodine, thus imparting a light brown coloration. To the
efficiently stirred mixture was
added 35 mL of a solution of 91.4 g (457 mmol) of 4-bromo-N,N-dimethylaniline
in 400 mL of
THF. After heating the mixture to reflux for ca. 5 min, the iodine color
quickly faded to
colorless, at which time the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature.
The remainder of
the bromide solution was added dropwise over a period of 2 h. The mixture was
then cooled in
an ice-water bath for 1.8 h, then 18.1 g (183 mmol) of finely powdered CuCl
was added in one
portion. After the mixture was stirred efficiently for 60 sec, a solution of
60.4 g (183 mmol) of
A-2 in 453 mL of THE was added (poured in) over 25 sec, causing the formation
of a
voluminous light yellow precipitate. After 15 min, 300 mL of saturated aqueous
NH4C1 was
slowly added, followed by 755 mL of EtOAc. After stirring for 10 min, the
aqueous layer was
separated and extracted three times with 300 mL of EtOAc. The combined organic
solution was
washed eight times with 300 mL of brine (until the brine washings were
relatively low in
opacity), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and the solvent was removed under
reduced pressure. The
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black viscous oil was taken up in 30 mL of CH2C12 and chromatographed on
silica gel (elution
of aniline reagent by-product with CH2C12, then elution of product with EtOAc)
to afford adduct
A-3 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R12 = H) (75.4 g, 91% yield). IH NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) S
7.06 (d, 2,
J = 8.3 Hz), 6.64 (d, 2, J = 8.8 Hz), 4.37 (s, 1), 4.24 (d, 1, J = 7.3 Hz),
4.02-3.90 (m, 4), 2.91 (s,
6), 0.52 (s, 3).
11(3-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxyestr-
9-en-17-
oxime [A-4 (R1= 4-Me2N-, R22 = H)]. To a solution of 44.3 g (98.1 mmol) of
ketone A-3 (RI
= 4-Me2N-, R12 = H) in 333 mL of anhydrous pyridine at room temperature under
nitrogen was
added 11.3 g (162 mmol) of hydroxylamine hydrochloride. After stirring for 17
h, 1.10 L of
water and 333 mL of EtOAc were added. After stirring for 10 min, the aqueous
layer was
separated and extracted three times with 160 mL of EtOAc. The combined organic
solution was
washed twice with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and the solvent was
removed under
reduced pressure. The resulting foam was iteratively rotary evaporated under
reduced pressure
three times with 160 mL of toluene at 40 C. Further solvent was removed in
vacuo, thus
affording a brown foam (48.4 g) free of pyridine by IH NMR analysis. The
material could be
carried on without further purification. IH NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) S 8.62 (br s,
1), 7.07 (d, 2,
J = 9.4 Hz), 6.63 (d, 2, J = 9.0 Hz), 4.38 (s, 1), 4.22 (d, 1, J = 6.6 Hz),
4.03-3.88 (m, 4), 2.89 (s,
6), 0.56 (s, 3).
11(3-[4-(N,N-Dimethyl-N-(oxy)amino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-
hydroxyestr-
9-en-17-oxime [A-4 (R1 = 4-Me2N(O)-, R12 = H). To a solution of 6.16 g (13.2
mmol) of A-4
(RI = 4-Me)N-, R12 = H) in 26 mL of CH2C12 at 0 C was added 0.92 mL (6.60
mmol) of
hexafluoroacetone trihydrate. With vigorous stirring, 1.60 mL (27.7 mmol) of
50% H202 was
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added dropwise. After 5 h of stirring vigorously at 0 C, the resulting red
mixture was diluted
with EtOAc and water. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted three
times with EtOAc.
The water laver was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford amine oxide
A-4 (RI = 4-
Me2N(O)-, R12 = H) as a white solid (5.31 g, 83% yield). IH NMR (250 MHz,
CDC13) S 11.01
(br s, 1), 7.89, 7.35 (ABq, 4, J = 8.7 Hz), 4.42 (br s, 1), 4.33 (d, 1, J =
6.9 Hz), 4.05-3.89 (m, 4),
3.65 (s, 3), 3.64 (s, 3), 2.61-1.01 (m, 18), 0.483 (s, 3).
17-Bromo-11 p-[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)J-5a-
hydroxy-17-
nitroestr-9-ene. To a solution of 4.39 g (24.7 mmol) of NBS in 20 mL of 1,4-
dioxane and
20 mL of water at room temperature was added a solution of 2.47 g (24.7 mmol)
of KHC03 in
20 mL of water. After 5 min, 4.60 g (9.86 mmol) of oxime A-4 (R1 = 4-Me2N(O)-,
R12 = H) in
35 mL of 1,4-dioxane and 20 mL of water was added over 5 min, causing a lime-
green/yellow
coloration which gradually faded to yellow. After 16 h, freshly prepared
saturated aqueous
FeSO4 (120 mL) was added, causing a brown precipitate. After stirring
vigorously for 15 min,
the mixture was extracted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic
solutions were
washed three times with freshly prepared saturated aqueous FeSO4, twice with
brine, dried over
Na2SO4, filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford
17-bromo-11 [3-
[4-(N, N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[ 1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5 a-hydroxy-17-
nitroestr-9-ene as a
yellow-brown foam (5.57 g), which was used directly in the next step without
further
purification.
11p-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)J-5a-hydroxy-17-
nitroestr-
9-ene [A-5 (R' = 4-Me2N-, R12 = H)]. To a solution of 5.57 g (9.61 mmol) of
the above 17-
bromo-l7-nitro alcohol in 102 mL of THE and 20 mL of water at room temperature
was added
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1.21 g (31.8 mmol) of NaBH4 in several portions, each time ensuing a vigorous
gas evolution.
After 2 h, a solution of 7.01 g (101 mmol) of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in
175 mL of water
was carefully added followed by addition of EtOAc. After stirring for 20 min,
the mixture was
extracted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic solutions were washed
three times
with water, once with saturated aq NaHCO3, and once with brine, dried over
Na2SO4, filtered,
and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting foam was
taken up in a
minimal amount of CH202 and chromatographed on silica gel (50% EtOAc in
hexanes) to
afford nitro intermediate A-5 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R12 = H) (2.39 g, 50% yield for 3
steps) as a
yellow solid. 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) S 7.03, 6.63 (ABq, 4, J = 8.8 Hz), 4.39
(s, 1), 4.39-
4.30 (m, 1), 4.23 (d, 1, J = 7.0 Hz), 4.02-3.93 (m, 4), 2.90 (s, 6), 0.372 (s,
3).
11 3-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenylJ-17(3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one [A-8 (R1 = 4-
Me2N, R7
= R12 = H)]. To a rapidly stirred mixture of 300 mg (0.622 mmol) of nitro
intermediate A-6 (R1
= 4-Me2N-, R7 = R12 = H), 10 mL of CH202, and 0.56 mL of water at 0 C was
added dropwise
0.84 mL (10.9 mmol) of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). After stirring vigorously
for 45 min, the
mixture was stirred with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 for 1.5 h. The aqueous layer
was separated
and extracted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed
three times
with saturated aqueous NaHCO3, twice with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered,
and the solvent
was removed under reduced pressure. Chromatography on silica gel (45% EtOAc in
hexanes)
afforded A-8 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R7 = R12 = H) (235 mg, 90% yield) as an off-white
foam. Two
triturations of a sample of this material with methanol and concentration of
the resulting
methanol solutions afforded a sample of >97% purity (by HPLC analysis). 1H NMR
(250 MHz,
CDC13) S 7.00, 6.64 (ABq, 4, J = 8.6 Hz), 5.77 (s, 1), 4.42-4.33 (m, 2), 2.91
(s, 6), 0.446 (s, 3).
MS m/z (rel inten) 420 (M+, 27), 121 (100). Anal. Caled. for C26H32N203 -0.25
H2O: C,
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73.47; H, 7.71; N, 6.59. Found: C, 73.11; H, 7.61; N, 6.55.
Example 2. Synthesis of ll(3-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-17a-(3-hydroxy-
propyl)-17[3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one [A-8 (R1 = 4-Me2N,
R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H)]
11(3-[3-Bromo-4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-
hydroxy-17-
nitroestr-9-ene [A-5 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R12 = 3-Br). To a vigorously stirred
suspension of 1.28 g
of finely powdered N-bromosuccinimide in 5 mL of water and 5 mL of dioxane was
added a
solution of 1.07 g of sodium bicarbonate in 5 mL of water. To the resulting
suspension was
added 1.28 g of oxime A-4 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R12 = H) in 10 mL of dioxane. The
resulting
suspension was stirred for two days at the end of which an oil separated out.
Water was added to
the reaction mixture followed by extraction with ether. The ether layer was
washed with water
followed by dilute ferrous sulfate solution, and concentrated under reduced
pressure. The crude
product was dissolved in 18 mL of THE and 3.5 mL of water. Sodium borohydride
(350 mg)
was added over a period of 15 min. After stirring for an hour at room
temperature an additional
150 mg of borohydride was added. The reaction was stirred for an additional
1.5 h and then
brought to pH 7 with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in water. The mixture was
extracted with
ether, the ether layer washed, dried, filtered and concentrated to give 1.3 g
of crude product. This
material was chromatographed on silica gel using 2:1 hexane-ethyl acetate to
give 325 mg of A-5
(Ri = 4-Me2N-, R12 = 3-Br) as a white solid (47% yield). IR 3680, 3005, 2860,
1595, 1535,
1412, 1379, 1345, 1109, 836 cm-1; IH NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) S 0.38 (s, 3, C18
H), 2.91 (s, 6,
N(CH3)2), 3.99 (m, 4, O(CH2)20), 4.12 (d, 1, C1 la H), 4.31 (t, 1, C17a H),
4.42 (s, 1, C5 OH),
6.88-7.37 (m, 3, ArH).
11 [3-[3-Bromo-17a-(2-carbom ethoxyethyl)-4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-
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WO 99/62929 PCTIUS99/10481
[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-17 3-nitroestr-9-ene (A-6 (R1 = 4-Me2N-,
R7 = -(CH2)2000Me, R12 = 3-Br). To a suspension of 1.5 g of the nitro compound
A-5
(RI = 4-Me2N-, R12 = 3-Br) in 8.0 mL of t-butanol and 15 mL of methyl acrylate
was added
1.5 mL of TritonTM B. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight
and then quenched
by pouring in ice-cold water. This was extracted thrice with ether, washed
with saturated
ammonium chloride and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate to give 1.2 g
(88% yield) of
A-6 (R1= 4-Me2N-, R7 _ -(CH2)2000Me, R12 = 3-Br). 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDCl3); S
7.36
(s, 1, ArH), 6.95 (d, 1, J = 8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.09 (d, 1, J = 8.4 Hz, C5 ArH),
4.36 (s, 1, C5 OH), 4.29
(d, 1, J = 6.5 Hz, C 11 a H), 3.95 (m, 4, (OCH2)2), 3.68 (s, 3, C02CH3), 2.90
(s, 6, N(CH,3)2), 0.39
(s, 3, C18 H).
l l p-[3-Bromo-4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-
hydroxy-
17a-(3-hydroxypropyl)-17(3-nitroestr-9-ene [A-7 (R1= Me2N-, R7 _ -(CH2)30H,
R12 = 3-
Br)]. To a solution of 1.14 mg (1.75 mmol) of A-6 (R1= 4-Me2N-, R7 _ -
(CH2)2000Me,
R12 = 3-Br) in 6.3 mL of toluene was added 5.23 mL of a 1 M solution of
diisobutyl aluminum
hydride (DIBAL-H) in hexane dropwise at room temperature. During the course of
the addition
the temperature rose to 45 C and was maintained at this temperature for an
additional 2 h after
addition. The- reaction was quenched by adding 0.63 mL of methanol in 0.93 mL
of toluene
followed by 0.26 mL of water and 0.27 mL of methanol. The mixture was stirred
for 30 min and
then filtered through CeliteTM and concentrated under reduced pressure. The
crude product was
purified by chromatography on silica gel using 5% acetone in dichloromethane
as eluent to give
945 mg (87% yield) of A-7 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = 3-Br). 1H NMR
(CDC13) 8
0.39 (s, 3, Ci8 H), 2.76 (s, 6; N(CH3)2), 3.61-3.68 (m, 2, CH2OH), 3.95 (m, 4,
O(CH2)20), 4.28
(d,1, 11. H), 4.42 (s, 1, C5 OH), 6.88-7.37 (m, 3, ArH).
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11 [i-[4-(N,N-Dimethyla min o)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-
17a-(3-
hydroxypropyl)-17[3--nitroestr-9-ene [A-7 (R1= Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 =
H)). To a
solution of 615 mg (1.09 mmol) of A-7 (R1 = Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = 3-Br)
dissolved in
50 mL of THE at -78 C under an inert atmosphere was added 3.0 mL of 1.7 M t-
butyllithium at
-78 C over a period of 30 min. This resulted in a bright yellow solution that
was stirred at
-78 C for 10-15 min. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated
ammonium chloride,
extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with water followed by brine and dried
over anhydrous
magnesium sulfate. The dried solution was filtered, concentrated in vacuum and
the crude
product chromatographed on silica gel with 10:3:2 hexane-EtOAc-Et2O to give
270 mg (49%
yield) of pure A-7 (R1 = Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H). 1H NMR (250 MHz.,
CDC13); S
7.00 (d, 2, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 6.59 (d, 2, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH), 4.37 (s, 1, C5
OH), 4.25 (d, 1,
J = 6.3 Hz, C1 la H), 3.88-3.98 (m, 4, (OCH2)2), 3.49-3.70 (m, 2, CH2OH), 2.88
(s, 6, N(CH3)2),
0.34 (s, 3, C18 H).
11 [3-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-17a-(3-hydroxypropyl)-17[3-nitroestra-4,9-
diem-3-one
[A-8 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H)]. A solution of 270 mg (0.5 mmol)
of A-7
(R1= 4-Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H) in 25 mL of CH202 was cooled to 0 C.
To this
was added 0.5 mL of water followed by 1.5 mL of TFA dropwise. The reaction
mixture turned
bright yellow. After stirring for I h at 0 C the reaction was quenched with
sat. NaHCO3 and
extracted with 200 mL of CH202. The organic layer was washed with water,
followed by brine
and dried over anhydrous MgSO4. The CH202 layer was filtered, concentrated and
the residue
chromatographed on silica gel using 10% acetone in CH202 to give 167 mg (70%
yield) of
desired dienone A-8 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)3OH, R12 = H). Preparative HPLC
purification was employed on a YMCTM C-18 reverse phase column using 80%
methanol water to
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get greater than 97% pure material: 1 H NMR (250 MHz. CDC13) 8 6.99 (d, 2, J =
8.6 Hz, ArH),
6.63 (d, 2, J = 8.9 Hz, ArH), 5.77 (s, 1, C4 H), 4.40 (d, 1, J = 6.5 Hz, C 11
a H), 3.63-3.74 (m, 2,
CH2OH), 2.90 (s, 6, N(CH3)2), 0.45 (s, 3, C18 H); mass spectrum, m/z (rel
intensity) 478 (14),
428 (27), 147 (8), 121 (100), 91 (10); Exact mass; Calcd for C29H38N204:
478.2831. Found:
478.2837; Anal. Calcd for C29H38N204 = H2O: C, 70.13; H, 8.12; N, 5.64. Found:
C, 69.72;
H, 8.01; N, 5.00.
Example 3. Alternate Synthesis of 11[i-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-
17a-(3-hydroxypropyl)-17(3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one [A-8
(R1= 4-Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H)]
17a-(2-Carbomethoxyethyl)-11(3-[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-
ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-17[3-nitroestr-9-ene [A-6 (R1 = 4-Me2N-,
R7 = -(CH2)2000Me, R12 = H)]. To a solution of 1.5 g (0.047 mmol) of A-5 (R1 =
4-Me2N-,
R12 = H) in 8.3 mL of t-butanol was added 16.5 mL of methyl acrylate. To this
was then added
1.5 mL of a solution of Triton B in methanol. The reaction mixture was stirred
for 2 h and then
poured into ice cold water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer
was washed with
water followed by brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and
concentrated
under vacuum. The crude product was chromatographed on silica gel with 2:1
hexane-ethyl
acetate as eluent to give 1.56 g (88% yield) of A-6 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R7 = -
(CH2)2COOMe,
R12 = H). 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13); 80.39 (s, 3, C18 H), 2.90 (s, 6, N(CH3)2),
3.68 (s, 3,
C02CH3), 3.95 (m, 4, 0(CH2)2), 4.29 (d, 1, C1la H), 4.36 ( s, 1, C5 OH), 6.63
(d, 2, ArH), 7.03
(d, 2, ArH).
11 P-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-17a-
(3-
hydroxypropyl)-17[3-nitroestr-9-ene [A-7 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 =
H)]. To
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WO 99/62929 PCTIUS99/10481
83 mg (0.147 mmol) of A-6 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)2COOMe, R12 = H) dissolved
in 3 mL
of toluene and maintained under an atmosphere of nitrogen was added dropwise
0.44 mL of a
1 M solution of DIBAL-H in hexane. During the addition, the temperature rose
to about 45 C.
The reaction mixture was maintained at 45 C for 2 h. The reaction was
quenched by adding
0.2 mL of methanol in 0.5 mL of toluene followed by addition of 0.1 mL of
water in 0.3 mL of
methanol. This was then filtered through celite and concentrated. The crude
product was
chromatographed on silica gel using 5% acetone in dichloromethane to give 70
mg of white
solid. 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) 6 0.39 (s, 3, C18 H), 2.86 (s, 6, N(CH3)2),
3.61-3.64 (m, 2,
CH,OH), 3.95 (m, 4, O(CH2)2), 4.28 (d, 1, C1Icc H), 4.42 (s, 1, C5 OH), 6.63
(d, 2, ArH), 7.03
(d, 2, ArH).
11(3-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl] -17a-(3-hydroxypropyl)-17(3-nitroestra-4,9-
dien-3-one
[A-8 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H)]. To a solution of 70 mg (0.12
mol) of A-7
(RI = 4-Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H) in 1 mL of acetone was added a
catalytic amount of
p-toluenesulfonic acid at -10 C. The reaction was slowly warmed to ambient
temperature and
stirred for an additional 3 h. The reaction was quenched with saturated sodium
bicarbonate,
extracted with methylene chloride and the organic layer washed with water
followed by brine.
The methylene chloride layer was then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate,
filtered and
concentrated. The crude product was chromatographed on silica gel with 5%
acetone in
dichloromethane as eluent to give 35 mg of A-8 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R7 = -(CH2)30H,
R12 = H) in
about 50% yield. 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13); same as shown for example 2.
Example 4. Synthesis of 11(3-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-17a-[1-(3-hydroxy)-
propenyl]-17(3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one [A-8 (R1 = 4-Me2N-,
R7 = HOCH2CH=CH-, R12 = H)].
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l lR-[3-Bromo-l7a-(2-(E)-carbomethoxyethenyl)-3,3-4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-
[1,2-
ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-17[3-nitroestr-9-ene [A-6 (RI = 4-Me2N-,
R7 = (E)-CH=CHCOOMe, R12 = 3-Br)]. A solution of 3.14 g (5.6 mmol) of A-5
(R1 = 4-Me2N-, R12 = 3-Br), 1.632 g (28.0 mmol) of KF and 1.821 g (5.6 mmol)
of n-Bu4NBr in
12.5 mL of DMSO was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. Then 1.0 mL (11.2
mmol) of
methyl propiolate was added dropwise and the solution was stirred for I h. The
reaction mixture
was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was
washed with
water, followed by brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4. The organic layer was
filtered,
concentrated, and the crude product chromatographed on silica gel using 1:1
hexane-ethyl acetate
to give 2.02 g of pure E-isomer, 0.6 g of pure Z-isomer and 0.40 g of a
mixture of isomers in an
overall 85% yield of A-6 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R7 = -CH=CHCOOMe, R12 = H). The E-
isomer has
the following spectral data: 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) S 7.36 (d, 1, J = 15.9
Hz,
CH=CHCO2Me), 7.35 (s, 1, ArH), 7.08 (d, 1, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 6.96 (d, 1, J =
8.6 Hz, ArH), 5.87
(d, 1, J = 15.9 Hz, CH=CHCO2Me), 4.46 (s, 1, C5 OH), 4.21 (d, 1, J = 7.0 Hz,
CI I,, H), 3.93-
4.02 (m, 4, (OCH2)2), 3.80 (s, 3, CO2CH3), 2.76 (s, 6, N(CH3)2), 0.49 (s, 3,
C18 H). The
Z-isomer has the following spectral data: 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) S 7.32 (s,
1, ArH), 7.05
(d, 1, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 6.94 (d, 1, J = 8.2 Hz, ArH), 6.58 (d, 1, J = 12.7
Hz, CH=CHCO2Me),
6.05 (d, 1, J = 12.3 Hz, CH=CHCO2Me), 4.46 (s, 1, C5 OH), 4.31 (d, 1, J = 7.0
Hz, C11a H),
3.96-4.02 (m, 4, (OCH2)2), 3.68 (s, 3, CO2CH3), 2.75 (s, 6, N(CH3)2), 0.44 (s,
3, C18 H).
11[3-[3-Bromo-4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-
hydroxy-
17a-[(E)-1-(3-hydroxy)propenyl]-173-nitroestr-9-ene [A-7 (RI = 4-Me2N-,
R7 = (E)-CH=CHCH2OH, R12 = 3-Br)]. To a solution of 2.025 g (3.14 mmol) of A-6
(R1 = 4-Me2N-, R7 = (E)-CH=CHCOOMe, R12 = 3-Br) dissolved in 25 mL of CH2C12
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maintained under an atmosphere of nitrogen at 78 C was added 12.96 mL of a I
M solution of
DIBAL-H in hexane dropwise. The reaction mixture was slowly warmed to room
temperature
and stirred for 1 h. The reaction was quenched by adding 5 mL of methanol,
followed by
saturated Rochelle's salt solution and ethyl acetate. This mixture was stirred
until no more
precipitate was seen. The organic layer was washed with water, followed by
brine, dried over
anhydrous MgSO4 and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the crude
product was
chromatographed on silica gel using 5% acetone in dichloromethane to give 1.40
g (72% yield)
of alcohol A-7 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R7 = (E)-CH=CHCH2OH, R12 = 3-Br). 1H NMR (250
MHz,
CDC13) S 7.36 (s, 1, ArH), 7.08 (d, 1, J = 8.4 Hz, ArH), 6.95 (d, 1, J = 8.2
Hz, ArH), 6.58 (d, 1,
J = 15.9 Hz, CH=CHCH7OH), 5.80 (dt, 1, J 1 = 4.37 Hz, J2 = 15.5 Hz,
CH=CHCH2OH), 4.49 (s,
1, C5 OH), 4.20-4.26 (br d, 3, CH2OH, C1l(X H), 3.92-4.02 (m, 4, (OCH2)2),
3.68 (s, 3,
CO2CH3), 2.75 (s, 6, N(CH3)2), 0.46 (s, 3, C18 H).
11 [3-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)] -5a-hyd roxy-
17a-[(E)-1-
(3-hydroxy)propenyll-17(3-nitroestr-9-ene [A-7 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R7 = (E)-
CH=CHCH2OH,
R12 = H)]. To a solution of 1.40 g (2.27 mmol) of A-7 (R1 = 4-Me2N-,
R7 = (E)-CH=CHCH2OH, R12 = 3-Br), dissolved in 100 mL of THE at -78 C under
argon was
added 5.5 mL of a 1.7 M solution of t-butyllithium at -78 C over 10 min. The
reaction mixture
was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride, extracted with ethyl acetate,
washed with
water followed by brine and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The dried
solution was
then filtered, concentrated in vacuum and the crude product was used without
further purification
in the next step. 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) 6 7.04 (d, 2, J= 8.8 Hz, ArH), 6.64
(d, 2,
J = 8.8 Hz, ArH), 6.5 8 (d, 1, J = 15.9 Hz, CH=CHCH2OH), 5.80 (dt 1, J 1 = 4.7
Hz, J2 = 15.5 Hz,
CH=CHCH2OH), 4.45 (s, 1, C5 OH), 4.27 (d, 2, J = 4.0 Hz, CH2OH), 4.27 (d, 1, J
= 7.4 Hz,
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C 1 i H), 3.90-4.02 (m, 4, (OCH2)2), 2.90 (s, 6, N(CH3)2), 0.46 (s, 3, C 18
H).
11[3- [4-(N,N-Dim ethyl am in o)phenyl]-17a-[(E)-1-(3-hydroxy)propenyl]-17(3-
nitroestra-4,9-
dien-3-one, JA-8 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R7 = (E)-CH=CHCH2OH, R12 = H)]. A solution of
1.08 g
(0.5 mmol) of crude A-7 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R7 = (E)-CH=CHCH2OH, R12 = H), in 25 mL
of
CH202 was cooled to 0 C. To this was added 1.0 mL of water followed by 5.0 mL
of TFA
dropwise. The reaction mixture turned bright yellow. After stirring for 1 h at
0 C the reaction
was quenched with sat. NaHCO3 and extracted with 250 mL of CH2CI2. The organic
layer was
washed with water, followed by brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4. The dried
solution was
filtered, concentrated and the crude product chromatographed on silica gel
using 10% acetone in
CH2C12 to give 515 mg of desired dienone A-8 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R7 = (E)-
CH=CHCH2OH,
R12 = H) in 50% yield. Preparative HPLC purification was employed on a YMC C-
18 reverse
phase column using 80% methanol water to get greater than 97% pure material:
1H NMR
(250 MHz, CDC13) S 6.99 (d, 2, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 6.64 (d, 2, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH),
6.30 (d, 1,
J = 16.0 Hz, CH=CHCH2OH), 5.83 (dt, 1, Ji = 4.7 Hz, J2 = 15.5 Hz, CH=CHCH2OH),
5.76 (s,
1, C4 H), 4.34-4.28 (br d, 3, CH2OH, C1la H), 2.90 (s, 6, N(CH3)2), 0.53 (s,
3, C18 H); mass
spectrum, m/z (rel intensity) 476(9), 429(16), 415(18), 143(17), 121(100);
Exact mass: Calcd.
for C29H38N204: 478.2831. Found: 478.2837; Anal. Calcd. for C29H36N204Ø25
H2O: C,
73.54; H, 7.99; N, 5.62. Found: C, 73.31; H, 8.31; N, 4.96.
Example 5. Synthesis of 11(3-(4-Acetylphenyl)-17a-(3-hydroxypropyl)-17[3-nitro
estra-4,9-dien-3-one [A-8 (R1 = 4-CH3C(O)-, R7 = -(CH2)30H,
R12 = H)].
4-Bromoacetophenone ethylene ketal. A well-stirred mixture of 25.0 g (126
mmol) of p-
bromoacetophenone, 70.0 mL (1.26 mol) of ethylene glycol, and 2.38 g (12.5
mmol) ofp-TsOH
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in 350 mL of toluene was heated to reflux in a Dean-Stark apparatus. After 22
h, the mixture
was allowed to cool to ambient temperature, saturated aq NaHCO3 was carefully
added, and the
mixture was extracted with ether. The combined organic solutions were washed
with water and
brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced
pressure. The
resulting solid was dried in vacuo at ambient temperature to afford 4-
bromoacetophenone
ethylene ketal (30.2 g, 9901,/0 yield) as an off-white solid, which was used
without further
purification. 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) 8 7.46 (m, 2), 7.36 (m, 2), 4.03 (m, 2),
3.77 (m, 2),
1.63 (s, 3).
3,3-[1,2-Ethan ediylbis(oxy)]-11 P-{4-{1,1-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]ethyl)
phenyl}-
5a-hydroxyestr-9-en-17-one [A-3 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R12 = H]. To a mixture
of 1.09 g
(44.7 mmol) of magnesium shavings and 50 mL of THF under nitrogen at ambient
temperature
was added 15 mL of a solution of 9.44 g (38.8 mmol) of 4-bromoacetophenone
ethylene ketal in
100 mL of THF. The resulting mixture was gently heated until a green/yellow
coloration was
observed (ca. 15 min), at which time the remaining aryl bromide solution was
added dropwise
over a 10 min period without additional external heating. After 2 h, the
resulting olive-green
suspension was cooled to between -10 C and -13 C, and then 851 mg (8.60
mmol) of CuCI was
added in one portion, followed 15 sec later by a solution of 2.85 g (8.60
mmol) of 3,3-[1,2-
ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5 a,1 Oa-(oxido)estr-9(11)-en- l 7-one (A-2) in 25 mL of
THF, followed by
rinsing with 5 mL of THE After 20 min, the resulting clear yellow mixture was
quenched with
saturated aq N114Cl and allowed to warm to ambient temperature. Ether and
water were added,
and the mixture was extracted with ether. The combined organic solutions were
washed with
brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced
pressure. The
resulting solid was taken up in a minimal amount of CH2C12 and chromatographed
on silica gel
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(hexanes-ether, 1:22 to 100% ether) to afford 1,4-adduct A-3 (R1 = 4-
CH3C(OCH2)2-, R12 = H)
(3.45 g, 81% yield) as a white foamy solid. 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDCI3) 6 7.35,
7.19 (ABq, 4,
J 8.3 Hz), 4.39 (s, 1), 4.32 (d, 1, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.03-3.77 (m, 8), 1.64 (s,
3), 0.47 (s, 3).
3,3-[1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)]-11(3-(4-{1,1-11,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)] ethyl)
phenyl) -5a-
hydroxyestr-9-en-17-oxime [A-4 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R12 = H)]. To a mixture
of 3.45 g
(6.97 mmol) of ketone A-3 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R12 = H) and 557 mg (8.02
mmol) of
hydroxylamine hydrochloride under nitrogen at ambient temperature was added 25
mL of
anhydrous pyridine, then 2.5 h later, 242 mg (3.49 mmol) of additional
hydroxylamine
hydrochloride was added. After 12 h, the reaction mixture was poured into 250
mL of water and
extracted with ether. The combined organic solution was washed with brine,
dried over MgSO4,
filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting
white solid was
taken up in a minimal amount of CH2CI2 and chromatographed on silica gel (14%
Me2CO in
CH2C12) to afford oxime A-4 (RI = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R12 = H) (2.97 g, 84% yield)
as a white
solid foam. 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) 6 7.34, 7.19 (ABq, 4, J = 8.4 Hz), 6.95
(br s, 1), 4.38
(s, 1), 4.30 (d, 1, J = 6.8 Hz), 4.05-3.77 (m, 4), 1.64 (s, 3). 0.51 (s. 3).
17-Bromo-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-1113-{4-{1,1-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-
ethyl}phenyl}-
5a-hydroxy-17-nitroestr-9-ene. To a rapidly stirring mixture of 523 mg (2.94
mmol) of NBS in
1.7 mL of water and 1.7 mL of dioxane at ambient temperature was added a
solution of 295 mg
(2.94 mmol) of KHCO3 in 1.7 ml, of water. To the resulting mixture was added a
solution of
5001n- (0.981 mmol) of oxime A-4 (RI = 4-CH3C(OCH-))2-, R12 = H) in 3.4 rnL of
dioxane
dropwise, followed by rinsing with 0.4 mL of dioxane, causing a light lime-
green coloration.
After stirring vigorously for 17 h, the resulting off-white mixture was
diluted with ether and
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water. then extracted with ether. The combined organic solutions were washed
once with water.
three times with 50% saturated aq FeSO4 solution. twice with brine, dried over
MgSO4, filtered.
and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. Without excessive delay,
the resulting
glassy yellow foam was taken up in a minimal amount of CH2CI2 and
chromatographed on silica
gel (50% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford the desired but highly labile 17-bromo-l7-
nitro compound
(437 mg, 74% yield) as a white solid foam. IR (CC14) n 3500. 1548 cm-1; IH NMR
(250 MHz.
CDC13) 6 7.35, 7.17 (ABq, 4, J = 8.3 Hz), 4.43 (s, 1), 4.39 (d, 1, J = 7.2
Hz). 4.08-3.75 (m, 8),
3.32 (m, 1). 1.63 (s, 3). 0.45 (s, 3).
3,3-[1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)]-I1 [3-{4-{1,1-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]
ethyl}phenyl}-5a-hydroxy-
17-nitroestr-9-ene [A-5 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, Rte = H )]. To a solution of 200
mg
(0.331 mmol) of the 17-nitro-l7-bromo alcohol compound described above in 3.4
mL of THE
and 0.6 mL of water at ambient temperature was added 39.0 mg (1.03 mmol) of
NaBH4 in one
portion, ensuing a vigorous exothermic reaction. After 1.4 h, 11.0 mg (0.30
mmol) of additional
NaBH4 was added. After 2.6 h. the reaction mixture volume was doubled by the
addition of
ether. and a solution of 228 mg (3.28 mmol) of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in
6 mL of water
was added dropwise over 4 min to the vigorously stirred reaction mixture.
After stirring for
min, the mixture was extracted with ether. The combined organic solutions were
washed with
water, saturated aq NaHCO3 solution, and brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered.
and the solvent was
removed under reduced pressure. The resulting foam was taken up in a minimal
amount of
CH2CI2 and chromatographed on silica gel (50% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford the
debrominated
nitro alcohol A-5 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH))2-, R12 = H) (152 mg. 87% yield) as a
white fluffy solid.
H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) 6 7.34, 7.16 (ABq, 4, J = 8.3 Hz). 4.41 (s, 1), 4.38-
4.31 (m, 2),
4.02-3.72 (in, 4), 2.74 (d, 1, J = 13 Hz), 1.63 (s, 3), 0.32 (s. 3).
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1 7a-(2-Carbomethoxyethyl)-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy) J-11(3-{4-{1,1-[1,2-
ethane-
diylbis(oxy)Jethyl)phenyl}-5a-hydroxy-17(3-nitroestr-9-ene [A-6 (R1 =4-
CH3C(OCH2)2-,
R7 = -(CH2)2COOMe, R12 = H)]. To a mixture of 146 mg (0.278 mmol) of nitro
alcohol A-5
(R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R12 = H) in 0.80 mL of t-BuOH and 1.51 mL (16.7 mmol) of
methyl
acrvlate at ambient temperature was added dropwise 0.16 mL (0.35 mmol) of
40%w/w Triton B
in methanol. causing a homogeneous faintly yellow reaction solution. After 1
h, ether and
saturated aq NH4CI solution were added. and the mixture was extracted with
ether. The
combined organic solution was washed with water then with brine, dried over
MgSO4, filtered,
and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting off-white
solid was taken up
in a minimal amount of CH2Cl2 and chromatographed on silica gel (70% EtOAc in
hexanes) to
afford methyl ester A-6 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R7 = -(CH2)2000Me, R12 = H) (142
mg, 84%
yield) as a white foamy solid. 1H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) 6 734. 7.16 (ABq, 4, J
= 8.1 Hz),
4.37 (br s , 2), 4.01-3.74 (m, 4), 3.69 (s, 3), 1.62 (s, 3), 0.33 (s, 3).
3,3-[ 1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)]-11(3-{4- { 1,1-[ 1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]ethyl)
phenyl}-5a-hydroxy-
17a-(3-hydroxypropyl)-17[3-nitroestr-9-ene [A-7 (R1 = CH3C(OCH2)2-, R7 = -
(CH2)30H,
R12 = HI. To a solution of 142 mg (0.232 mmol) of ester A-6 (R1 = 4-
CH3C(OCH2)2-,
R7 = -(CH2)2COOMe, R12 = H) in 2.3 mL of THE at -78 C under nitrogen was
added dropwise
0.80 mL (0.80 mmol) of 1.0 M DIBAL-H in hexanes. After 1.25 h, saturated aq
Rochelle's salt
was added and the mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and stir
until the
resulting emulsion cleared (ca. 1.5 h). Ether and water were added, and the
resulting mixture
was extracted with ether. The combined organic solution was washed with brine,
dried over
M9SO4, filtered. and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford
a mixture of
starting ester A-6 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R7 = -(CH2)2COOMe, R12 = H) and
intermediate
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aldehyde by 1 H NMR analysis. as a white oily solid (141 mg).
To the above crude product mixture (141 mg) in 2.3 mL of THE at -78 C under
nitrogen
was added dropwise 1.20 mL (1.20 mmol) of 1.0 M DIBAL-H in hexanes. After 45
min. the
reaction mixture was warmed to 0 C for 15 min, then re-cooled to -78 C and
quenched with
saturated aq Rochelle's salt, then allowed to warm to ambient temperature and
stir. The resulting
white mixture was extracted. with ether. The combined white organic solutions
were washed
with brine, saturated aq Rochelle's salt, water, twice with brine, dried over
MgSO4. filtered, and
the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford a white solid (74
mg). After standing
for cu. 2 h, the combined aqueous layers had become clear, and were re-
extracted with EtOAc.
The EtOAc extracts were washed with brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered. and the
solvent was
removed under reduced pressure to afford a white solid (54 mg). The two crude
products were
combined in a minimal amount of CH2C12 and chromatographed on silica gel (90%
EtOAc in
hexanes) to afford diol A-7 (R 1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R 12 = H)
(98 mg, 73%
yield) as a white solid. I{ NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) S 7.34, 7.16 (ABq, 4, J=8.2
Hz), 4.37 (m,
2), 4.02-3.66 (m, 10), 2.83 (m, 1), 2.60 (d, 1, J = 13 Hz), 1.63 (s, 3), 0.33
(s, 3).
11[3-(4-Aeetylphenyl)-17c -(3-hydroxypropyl)-17[3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one [A-
8 (R1 = 4-
CH3CO-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H). To a well-stirred mixture of 67.0 mg (0.115
mmol) of
the diol A-7 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H), 3.0 mL of CH2C12,
and
0.05 mL of H2O at 0 C was added 0.50 mL of TFA dropwise, causing a yellow
coloration.
After 15 min. saturated aq NaHCO3 was added, the layers were separated. and
the aqueous layer
was extracted three times with CH2C12. The combined organic solution was
washed with brine.
dried over Na2S04, filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced
pressure. The crude
product was taken up in a minimal amount of CH2CI2 and chromatographed on
silica gel (85%
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EtOAc in hexanes) to afford A-8 (RI = 4-CH3CO-. R7 = -(.CH2)3OH. R12 = H)
(47.2 mg, 86%
yield). I H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 6 7.87, 7.28 (ABq, 4, J = 8.3 Hz), 5.80 (s,
1), 4.51 (d, 1,
J = 7.1 Hz), 3.72 (m. 1). 3.62 (m. 1), 2.86 (t, 1, J = 13.4 Hz). 2.72 (m, 2),
2.60 (m. 2). 2.56 (s, 3).
2.55-2.51 (m, 1), 2.46-2.26 (m, 5). 2.09-2.04 (m. 1), 1.96-1.90 (m. 1). 1.84-
1.74 (m. 2),1.70-1.61
(m. 3), 1.53-1.42 (m, 2). 1.21-1.14 (m. 1), 0.39 (s, 3).
Example 6. Synthesis of E- and Z-11(3-(4-Acetylphenvl)-17a-[1-(3-hydroxy)-
propenvl]-17(3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one [A-8 (RI = 4-CH3CO-,
R7 = HOCH2CH=CH-, R12 = H)]
17a-[(F.)-2-Carbomethoxyethenly]-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-11 p-{4-{1,1-
[1,2-
ethanedivlbis(oxy)]ethyl}phenyl}-5a-hydroxy-17(3-nitroestr-9-cne [A-6 (RI = 4-
CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (E) MeOOCCH=CH-, R12 = H)] and 17a-[(Z)-2-Carbomethoxy-
ethenyl]-3,3-[ 1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)j-11(3-(4-{1 1,1-[ 1,2-
ethanediylbis(oxy)] ethyl} phenyl)-5a-
hydroxy-17[3-nitroestr-9-ene [A-6 (RI = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (Z) MeOOCCH=CH-,
R12 = H)]. To a mixture of 2000 mg (3.80 mmol) of nitro compound A-5 (RI = 4-
CH3C(OCH2)2-, R 12 = H), 2.45 g (7.61 mmol) of Bu4NBr. 1.10 g (19.0 mmol) of
KF, and
mL of DMSO in a flame-dried flask under nitrogen at room temperature was added
0.68 mL
(7.61 mmol) of methyl propiolate. After 1.5 h. the sides of the flask were
rinsed with an
additional 3 mL of DMSO. After 2.5 h. EtOAc and H2O were added and the aqueous
layer was
separated and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed
with brine,
dried over MgSO4, filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced
pressure. The resulting
brown foamy solid was taken up in a minimal amount of CH2C12 and
chromatographed on silica
gel (60% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford a 3:1 mixture of A-6 (IRI = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-
, R7 = (E)
MeOOCCH=CH-, R12 = H) and A-6 (RI = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R7 = (Z) McOOCCH=CH-,
R 12 = H) (2.13 g, 92%). Medium pressure chromatography (MPLC) on silica gel
(application
with a minimal amount of CH2CI2. elution with 32:67:1. THF-hexanes-MeOH)
afforded pure
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A-6 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (E) MeOOCCH=CH-, R12 = H) (1.104 g) and two
mixtures of
A-6 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (E) MeOOCCH=CH-. R12 = H) and A-6 (R1 = 4-
CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (Z) McOOCCH=CH-. R12 = H) (142 mg of ca. 1:1 and 304 mg of
13:87.
respectively). Two recrystallizations of the 304 mg. 13:87 mixture from
32:67:1. THF-hexanes-
MeOH afforded pure A-6 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (Z) MeOOCCH=CH-. R12 = H)
(200 mg). 1 H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) A-6 (R 1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (E)
McOOCCH=CH-
R12=H)67.35,7.16(ABq,4,J=8.2Hz),7.36(d, 1, J = 16 Hz), 5.8 6 (d, 1,J=
16Hz),4.44
(s, 1), 4.30 (d, 1, J = 7.5 Hz), 4.05-3.72 (m, 8), 3.81 (s, 3). 2.95 (m, 1),
2.67 (d, 1, J = 13 Hz),
1.63 (s, 3). 0.43 (s, 3), A-6 (RI = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (Z) MeOOCCH=CH-, R12 =
H) S 7.33,
7.13 (ABq. 4. J = 8.2 Hz). 6.60 (d, 1, J = 13 Hz), 5.99 (d. 1. J = 13 Hz),
4.44 (s, 1), 4.39 (br s, 1).
4.06-3.68 (m, 8), 3.68 (s, 3), 3.34 (m, 1), 1.62 (s, 3), 0.38 (s, 3).
3,3-[1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)]-11[3-{4-{1,1-[ 1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)] ethyl}
phenyl}-5 a-hydroxy-
17a-[(E)-1-(3-hydroxy)propenyl]-17(3-nitroestr-9-ene (A-7 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-
,
R7 = (E) HOCH2CH=CH-, R12 = H)]. To a solution of 557 mg (0.914 mmol) of ester
A-6
(R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (E) MeOOCCH=CH-, R12 = H) in 9.2 mL of THE at -78 C
under
nitrogen was added 4.6 mL (4.57 mmol) of 1.0 M DIBAL-H in hexanes dropwise.
After 35 min.
the solution was warmed to 0 C for 30 min, then re-cooled to -78 C and
quenched with
saturated Rochelle's salt and allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred
for 12 h. The
resulting clear mixture was diluted with EtOAc and the aqueous layer was
separated and
extracted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed
twice with brine.
dried over Na-)S04, filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced
pressure. The resulting
white solid was taken up in a minimal amount of CH2C12 and chromatographed on
silica gel
(EtOAc) to afford allyl alcohol A-7 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (E) HOCH2CH=CH-,
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R12= H) (464 mg. 87%). '11 NMR (250 MHz. CDC13) 6 7.33, 7.16 (ABq, 4-J= 8.1
Hz). 6.26
(d. 1. J = 16 Hz). 5.80 (dt. 1, J = 16, 4.7 Hz), 5.02 (s. 1), 4.47 (m, 2),
4.13-3.75 (8H. m). 2.85 (m,
1). 2.65 (d, 1. J = 13 Hz). 1.63 (s. 3), 0.40 (s, 3).
l 1 p-(4-Acetylphenyl)-17v-[(Z)-1-(3-hydroxy)propenyl]-17 3-nitroestra-4,9-
dien-3-one [A-8
(RI = 4-CH3CO-, R7 = (Z) HOCH2CH=CH-, R12 = H)]. To a solution of 200 mg
(0.328 mmol) of ester A-6 (RI = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (E) MeOOCCH=CH-, R12 = H)
in
6.6 mL of THE at -78 C under nitrogen was added 1.7 mL (1.64 mmol) of 1.0 M
DIBAL-H in
hexanes dropwise. The solution was then warmed to 0 C for 30 min, then re-
cooled to -78 C
and quenched with saturated aq Rochelle's salt. The resulting mixture was
allowed to warm to
room temperature and stir for 12 h. The resulting clear mixture was extracted
with EtOAc. The
combined organic solution was washed twice with brine, dried over Na2SO4,
filtered, and the
solvent was removed under reduced pressure. Chromatography of the residue on
silica gel
(EtOAc) afforded allylic alcohol A-7 (RI = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R7 = (Z) HOCH7CH=CH-
,
R12 = H) . The product was suspended in 7.8 mL of CH2C12 and 0.14 mL of H2O,
cooled to
0 C. and L l mL of TFA was added dropwise to the rapidly stirred mixture.
After 20 min.
saturated aq NaHCO3 solution was added and the mixture was stirred vigorously
for 20 min.
The aqueous layer was separated and extracted three times with EtOAc. The
combined organic
solution was washed twice with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and the
solvent was removed
under reduced pressure. Twice, the product was taken up in a minimal amount of
CH2CI2 and
chromatographed on silica gel (80% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford dienone alkenol
A-8 (R1 = 4-
CH3CO-, R7 = (Z) HOCH2CH=CH-, R12 = H) (78 mg, 50% yield, two steps). IH NMR
(250 MHz, CDC13) 6 7.88, 728 (ABq, 4, J = 7.5 Hz), 6.00 (d, 1, J = 13 Hz),
5.88-5.78 (m, 2),
4.51 (d. 1. J = 7.5 Hz), 4.15-4.08 (m, 2), 3.14 (m, 1), 2.58 (s, 3), 0.41 (s,
3).
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11 [3-(4-Acetylphenyl)-17a-[(E)-1-(3-hydroxy)propenyl]-17(3-nitroestra-4,9-
dien-3-one [A-8
(R1 = 4-CH3CO-, R7 = (E) HOCH2CH=CH, R12 = H)]. To a rapidly stirred mixture
of
464 mg (0.798 mmol) of diol A-7 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2, R7 = (E) HOCH2CH=CH-, R12
= H),
19 mL of CH2C12, and 0.35 ml- of HBO at 0 C was added dropwise 3.25 mL of
TFA. causing a
yellow coloration. After 15 min, saturated aq NaHCO3 solution was slowly
added. and the
resulting mixture was stirred vigorously for 20 min at 0 C, at which time the
aqueous layer was
separated and extracted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic extract
was washed
twice with brine, dried over Na2SO4. filtered, and the solvent was removed
under reduced
pressure. The resulting yellow solid was taken up in a minimal amount of
CH2C12 and
chromatographed on silica gel (80% EtOAc in hexanes) to provide target
compound A-8
(R1 = 4-CH3CO-, R7 = (E) HOCH2CH=CH-, R12 = H) (313 mg, 82%). 1H NMR (250 MHz,
CDC13) 6 7.88. 7.28 (ABq, 4, J = 8.4 Hz), 6.29 (d, 1, J = 16 Hz), 5.91-5.80
(m, 2), 4.44 (d, 1,
J = 7.5 Hz), 4.30 (d, 2, J = 3.1 Hz), 2.90 (m, 1), 2.57 (s, 3), 0.47 (s, 3).
Example 7. Synthesis of 17a-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-11[3-[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]-
17(3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one [A-8 (R1 = 4-CH3S(O)-, R7 = -(CH2)30H,
R12 = H)] and 17a-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-11(3-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-17(3-
nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-one [A-8 (R1 = 4-CH3S-, R7 = -(CH2)30H,
R12 = H)]
3,3-[1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-11(3-[4-(methylthio)phenyl)]estr-9-en-
17-one [A-3
(R1 = 4-CH3S-, R12 = H)]. A flask equipped with stirbar. reflux condenser.
addition funnel, and
a dry nitrogen inlet and outlet was charged with 2.27 g (93.1 mmol) of Mg
shavings, then the
apparatus was flame-dried under a stream of dry nitrogen. After cooling to
room temperature
under a stream of dry nitrogen, the remainder of the protocol was performed
under a static
pressure of dry nitrogen and at room temperature. To the magnesium shavings
was added
100 mL of THF. then ca. 10 mL of a solution of 18.2 g (89.5 mmol) of 4-
bromothioanisole in
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100 mL of THE was added quickly. thus causing Grignard reagent initiation
after a few minutes.
The remaining 4-bromothioanisole solution was then added dropwise over a 1.5 h
period. After
30 min. 3.54 g (35.8 mmol) of CuCI powder was added with efficient stirring,
then 45 sec later, a
solution of 11.8 g (35.8 mmol) of epoxide A-2 in 100 mL of THE was added
rapidly. After
min. the reaction mixture was quenched carefully with excess saturated aq
NH4CI solution at
room temperature. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted three times
with EtOAc.
The combined organic solutions were washed three times with brine, dried over
Na?SO4,
filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting
brown oily solid
(22.6 g) was chromatographed on silica gel (60% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford
thioether A-3
(RI = 4-CH3S-, R12 = H) as a white solid (14.0 g, 86% yield). 1H NMR (250 MHz.
CDCl3) 8
7.14 (s, 4), 4.38 (s, 1), 4.28 (d, 1, J = 7.2 Hz), 4.02-3.90 (m, 4). 2.46 (s,
3), 0.498 (s, 3).
3,3-[1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-11(3-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]estr-9-en-
17-oxime [A-
4 (R1 = 4-CH3S-, R12 = H)]. To a solution of 15.2 g (33.4 mmol) of ketone A-3
(RI = 4-CH3S-,.
R12 = H) in 120 mL of anhydrous pyridine at room temperature under nitrogen
was added 3.83 g
(55.2 mmol) of H2NOH -HCl. After 25 h, the solution was poured into 500 rnL of
water. The
mixture was extracted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic solutions
were washed
three times with brine, dried over Na-)S04, filtered, and the solvent was
removed under reduced
pressure. Three sequential times, the residue was diluted with toluene then
evaporated under
reduced pressure (to remove pyridine). Chromatography on silica gel (70% EtOAc
in hexanes)
afforded oxime A-4 (R' = 4-CH3S-, R12 = H) (15.3 g, 98% yield) as a white
foam. 1H NMR
(250 MHz, CDC13) 8 8.18 (br s, 1), 7.14 (s, 4), 4.38 (s, 1), 4.26 (d, 1. J =
6.9 Hz), 4.08-3.89 (m,
4). 2.46 (s, 3), 0.539 (s, 3).
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3,3-[ 1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy) J-5a-hydroxy-11(3-[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenylj-17-
nitroestr-9-ene
[A-5 (R' = 4-CH3S(O)-, R' 2 = H). To a solution of 21.0 g (118 mmol) of NBS in
80 mL of 1 L4-
dioxane and 80 mL of water at room temperature was added a solution of 11.8 g
(118 mmol) of
KHCO3 in 80 mL of water. After 5 min. a solution of 15.8 g (33.7 mmol) of
oxime A-4 (R1 = 4-
CH3S-, R122 = H) in 120 mL of 1,4-dioxane and 80 mL of water was added over a
period of
min. causing a bright lime-green coloration, which gradually faded to yellow.
After 20 h.
freshly prepared saturated aqueous FeSO4 (1000 mL) and EtOAc were added. The
mixture was
filtered through a pad of Celite 545, which was rinsed with EtOAc. The
resulting green aqueous
laver was separated and extracted twice with EtOAc. The combined organic
solution was
washed with freshly prepared saturated aqueous FeSO4 solution, twice with
brine, dried over
Na2SO4, filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford
the crude
17-nitro-l7-bromo intermediate (21.6 g) as a yellow foam, which was used
without further
purification. IH NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) & 7.56, 7.40 (Abq, 4, J = 8.1 Hz), 4.44
(br s, 2), 4.30-
3.93 (m, 4), 3.32 (m, 1), 2.72 (s, 3), 0.454 (s, 3). MS m/z (rel inten) 563
(M+, 3), 561 (M+, 2),
483 (17), 467 (20), 334 (31) 99 (100).
To this crude product in 300 mL of THE and 60 mL of water at room temperature
was
carefully added 4.33 g (144 mmol) of NaBH4 portionwise over ca. 30 min. After
1.5 hat room
temperature, a solution of 24.6 g (353 mmol) of H2NOH=HCI in 500 mL of water
was carefully
added. After 10 min of vigorous stirring, the mixture was extracted three
times with EtOAc.
The combined organic solutions were washed twice with brine, dried over
Na2SO4, filtered, and
the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford nitro intermediate A-
5 (R1 = 4-
CH3S(O)-, R12 = H) [15.8 g. 94% yield (highly pure by TLC analysis)]. Ina
previous smaller
(75 mg) scale procedure. chromatography on silica gel (4% MeOH in EtOAc)
afforded 49.2 mg
(76% yield) of nitro intermediate A-5 (R1 = 4-CH3S(O)-, R12 = H). 1H NMR (250
MHz,
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CDC13) 6 7.50 (dd, 2, J = 3.0, 8.4 Hz), 7.33 (d, 2, J = 8.3 Hz). 4.36-4.31 (m,
3). 3.97-3.87 (m, 4),
2.66 (s. 3). 0.271 (s. 3). MS m/z (rel inten) 501 (M+, 18), 483 (50), 466
(32), 380 (39). 99 (100).
17a-(2-Carbomethoxyethyl)-3,3-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-11(3-[4-
(methyl-
sulfinyl)phenyl]-17(3-nitroestr-9-ene [A-6 (RI = 4-CH3S(O)-, R7 = -
(CH2)2COOMe,
R12 = H)]. To a mixture of 1.00 g (1.99 mmol) of nitro sulfoxide A-5 (RI = 4-
CH3S(O)-,
R 12 = H) in 5.80 mL of f-BuOH and 11.0 mL (122 nu ol) of methyl acrylate at
room
temperature was added dropwise 1.15 mL (2.51 mmol) of 40% w/w Triton B in
methanol,
causing a homogeneous faintly yellow reaction solution. After 3 h, saturated
aq NH4CI solution
and EtOAc were added, and the mixture was extracted three times with EtOAc.
The combined
organic solutions were washed twice with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered,
and the solvent was
removed under reduced pressure. The resulting slightly yellow liquid was
azeotroped
successively three times with toluene to afford a yellow viscous oil (1.29 g).
The oil was used in
the next reaction without further purification. IH NMR 6 7.55 (dd, 2, J = 3.0,
8.4 Hz), 7.38 (d, 2,
J = 8.3 Hz), 4.43 (d, 1, J = 7.2 Hz), 4.39 (s, 1), 4.03-3.96 (in, 4), 2.69 (s,
3), 2.71 (d. 3,
J= 12 Hz), 0.336 (s, 3, C18 H).
3,3-[ 1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)1-5a-hydroxy-17a-(3-hydroxypropy1)-11(3-(4-(methyl-
thio)phenyl)]-17(3-nitroestr-9-ene (A-7 (R 1 = 4-CH3S-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 =
H)1 and 3,3-
11,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)]-Sa-hydroxy-I 7a-(3-hydroxypropy1)-11[3-[4-(methyl-
sulfinyl)phenyl)-17(3-nitroestr-9-ene [A-7 (R1 = 4-CH3S(O)-, R7 = -(CH2)30H,
R12 = H). To
a solution of 1.29 g (1.99 mmol assumed) of methyl ester A-6 (RI = 4-CH3S(O)-,
R7
(CH?),000Me, R12 = H) in 25.0 mL of THE at -78 C was added dropwise 12.0 mL
(12.0 mmol) of 1.0 M DIBAL-H in hexanes. After 10 min. it was warmed to 0 C
for 1 hat
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which time TLC analysis showed complete consumption of starting material and
the presence of
two new compounds. Saturated aq Rochelle's salt and EtOAc were added, and the
resulting
cloudy mixture was stirred at room temperature for 8 h. thus affording a clear
mixture. The
aqueous layer was separated and extracted three times with EtOAc. The combined
organic
solution was washed twice with brine, dried over Na2SO4. filtered, and the
solvent was removed
under reduced pressure. Chromatography (2.5% MeOH in EtOAc to 5.0% MeOH in
EtOAc)
afforded sulfide diol A-7 (R1 = 4-CH3S-, R7 _ -P-12)30H. R12 = H) (397 mg, 37%
yield for two
steps) as a white foam and sulfoxide diol A-7 (R1 = 4-CH3S(O)-, R7 = -(CH-
))30H, R12 = H)
(310 mg, 28% yield for two steps) as a white foam. 1H NMR: Data for sulfide A-
7 (R1 = 4-
CH3S-, R7 = -(CH2)30H. R12 = H) S 7.13 (s, 4, ArH), 4.40 (s, 1, C5 OH), 4.32
(d, 1. J = 5.0 Hz,
C11 H), 4.02-3.90 (m, 4. [OCH2]2), 3.58 (m, 2, CH2OH), 2.83 (m, 1), 2.44 (s,
3, SCH3), 0.362 (s,
3, C1 g H). Data for sulfoxide A-7 (RI = 4-CH3S(O)-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H)
S 7.57 (dd, 2,
J = 2.2, 8.5 Hz). 7.36 (d, 2, J = 8.3 Hz), 5.81 (s, 1), 4.52 (d. 1, J = 6.7
Hz), 3.71-3.62 (m, 4), 2.72
(s, 3), 0.395 (s. 3, C18 H).
17a-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-11[i-[4-(methylthio)phenyl)-17[i-nitroestra-4,9-dien-3-
one [A-8
(RI = 4-CH3S-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H)J. To a vigorously stirred mixture of
397 mg
(0.727 mmol) of sulfide diol A-7 (R1 = 4-CH3S-, R7 = -(CH-))30H, R12 = H),
32.0 mL of
CH-)C12, and 0.67 mL of water at 0 C was added 0.89 mL of trifluoroacetic
acid. After 3 h,
saturated aq NaHCO3 solution was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred
at room
temperature for 8 h. The mixture was extracted three times with EtOAc. The
combined organic
solutions were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and the solvent
was removed
under reduced pressure. The residue was chromatographed (75% EtOAc in
hexanes). Collection
of the fractions determined by analytical HPLC to be >97% pure afforded
compound A-8 (R1
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= 4-CH3S-. R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H) (186 mg, 53% yield) as a white foam. 1H
NMR S 7.16
(d, 2. J = 8.5 Hz. ArH). 7.08 (d, 2, J = 8.5 Hz. ArH), 5.78 (s, 1, vinyl H),
4.43 (d, 1. J = 6.5 Hz
;
C11 H), 3.69-3.59 (m. 2. CH2OH). 2.44 (s, 3, SCH3), 0.427 (s, 3 C18 H).
17a-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-11(3-[4-(methylsulflnyl)phenyl]-17(3-nitroestra-4,9-dien-
3-one [A-8
(R1 = 4-CH3S(O)-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H)]. To a vigorously stirred mixture
of 310 mg
(0.552 mmol) of sulfoxide diol A-7 (R1 = 4-CH3S(O)-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H),
25.0 mL of
CH7CI2, and 0.51 mL of water at 0 C was added 0.67 mL of trifluoroacetic
acid. After 3 h,
saturated aq NaHCO3 solution was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred
at room
temperature for 8 h. The mixture was extracted three times with EtOAc. The
combined organic
solution was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and the solvent
removed under
reduced pressure. The residue was chromatographed (6% MeOH in EtOAc).
Collection of the
fractions determined by analytical HPLC to he >97% pure afforded compound A-8
(R1-= 4-CH3S(O)-, R7 = -(CH2)30H, R12 = H) (175 mg, 63% yield) as a white
foam. 1H NMR
S 7.57, 7.35 (ABq, 4. J = 7.7 Hz), 5.81 (s, 1), 4.56 (d, 1, J = 6.7 Hz), 3.75-
3.55 (m, 2), 2.72 (s, 3),
0.393 (s, 3, C18 H).
Example 8. Synthesis of 11(3-(4-Acetylphenyl)-3',4'-dihydro-5'-methyl-1'-
oxo-Spiro[estra-4,9-dien-17(3,2'(2'H)-pyrrole]-3-one [B-3
(R1 = 4-CH3CO-, R8 = CH3, R12 = H)]
3,3-[1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)]-11(3-{4-{1,1-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]ethyl)
phenyl}-5a-hydroxy-
17[3-nitro-17a-(3-oxobutyl)estr-9-ene [B-1 (RI = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R8 = CH3, Rig
= H)].
To a solution of 2.4 g (4.5 mmol) of A-5 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH,)2), R17 = H) in 10
mL of DMSO
was added 1.3 g (22.5 mmol) of KF and 1.45 g (4.5 mmol) of n-Bu4NBr, and the
mixture was
stirred for 30 min at room temperature. To this mixture was added 0.5 mL (9.0
mmol) of methyl
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vinyl ketone dropwise and stirring was continued for another hour. The
reaction mixture was
diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic laver was
washed with water,
followed by brine, and dried over anhydrous M,-S04. The organic layer was then
filtered,
concentrated and the crude product chromatographed on silica gel using 5:5:1
methylene
chloride-hexane-acetone to give 2.45 g (88% yield) of B-1 (R1 = 4-CH;C(OCH?)2-
, R8 = CH3,
R12 = H). 1H NMR (250 MHz CDC13) 6 0.33 (s, 3. C18 H), 1.64 (s.3.'
PhC(OCH7CH7O)CH3),
218 (s, 3, COCH3), 3.74-4.01 (m, 8, (OCH2)2), 4.37 (d, 1, C1 1a H), 4.34 (s,
1, C5 OH), 7.15(d,
2, J = 8.1 Hz, ArH). 7.34 (d, 2, J = 8.3 Hz, ArH).
3',4'-Dihvdro-3,3-11,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-11(3-{4-{1,1-[1 ,2-
ethanediylbis(oxy)]-
ethyl)phenyl}-5a-hydroxy-5'-methyl-l'-oxo-spiro[estr-17(3,2'(2'H)-pyrrole]-9-
ene [B-2 (R1
= 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R8 = C143, R12 = H)1. To a solution of 1.5 g (2.52 mmol) of
B-1
(R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R8 = CH3, R12 = H) in 10 mL of 50% aqueous ethanol and
5.0 mL of
THE was added 263 mg of ammonium chloride and 1.3 g of zinc dust. The reaction
mixture was
stirred for 24 h, and then filtered through celite. The crude product was
chromatographed on
silica gel, eluting first with 5:5:1 hexane-methylene chloride-acetone and
then with 5:5:1 hexane-
methylene chloride-methanol to give 1.13 g (80% yield) of B-2 (R1 = 4-
CH3C(OCH2)2-, R8
= CH3. R17 = H). 1H NMR (250 MHz CDC13) 6 0.56 (s, 3, C18 H), 1.64 (s, 3,
PhC(OCH'CH7O)CH3), 2.21 (s, 3, ON=C-CH3), 3.68-4.02 (m, 8, (OCH2)2), 4.35 (d,
1, C t 1a
H), 5.01 (s. 1, OH), 7.10 (d, 2, J = 8.3 Hz. ArH), 7.31 (d, 2, J = 8.3 Hz,
ArH).
I1 p-(4-Acetylphenyl)-3',4'-dihy dro-5'-methyl-1'-oxo-spiro [ estra-4,9-dien-
17[3,2' (2' H)-
pyrrole]-3-one [B-3 (R1 = 4-CH3CO-, R8 = CH3, R12 = H)]. To a solution of 300
mg of B-2
(R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R8 = CH3, R12 = H) in 5 mL of CH2C12 was added 1.0 mL of
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trifluroacetic acid (TFA) at 0 C and the mixture was warmed to room
temperature. The reaction
was quenched with saturated NaHCO3 solution and extracted with ethyl acetate.
The ethyl
acetate layer was washed with water followed by brine, and dried over
anhydrous MgSO4. The
dried solution was filtered and concentrated under vacuum to give 255 mg of
crude product
which was chromatographed on silica gel using 5:5:1 hexane-methylene chloride-
methanol to
give 177 mg of pure compound which had the following spectral data: I H NMR
(250 MHz
CDC13) 8 0.64 (s, 3, C1811), 2.17 (s, 3, ON=C-CH3), 2.59 (s. 3, PhCOCH3), 4.44
(d, 1, C1 la H),
5.81 (s, 1, C4 H), 7.23 (d, 2, J = 83 Hz, ArH), 7.87 (d, 2, J = 8.4 Hz, ArH).
MS m/z 457 (M),
441. 371.324. 204, 96, 83.
Example 9. Synthesis of Synthesis of 3',4'-Dihydro-11[3-[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)
phenyl]-5'-methyl- 1'-oxo-spiro[estra-4,9-dien-17(3,2'(2'H)-pyrrolei-3-
one [B-3 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R8 = CH3, R12 = H)]
11 [3-[3-Bromo-4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-17a-(3-oxobutyl)-3,3-[1,2-
ethanediylbis-
(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-17(3-nitroestr-9-ene [B-1 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R8 = CH3, R12 = 3-
Br). To a
solution of 1.51 g (2.69 mmol) of A-5 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R12 = 3-Br) in 5 mL of
DMSO was added
785 mg (13.45 mmol) of KF and 876 mg (2.69 mmol) of n-Bu4NBr, and the mixture
stirred for
30 min. To this mixture was added 0.27 mL (5.38 mmol) of methyl vinyl ketone
dropwise, and
the solution was stirred for one hour. The reaction mixture was diluted with
water and extracted
with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, followed by
brine, and dried over
anhydrous MgSO4. The organic layer was filtered, concentrated and the crude
product
chromatographed on silica gel using 5:5:1 methylene chloride-hexane-acetone to
give 1.49 g
(88% yield) of B-1 (RI =4-Me2N-, R8 = CH3, R12 = 3-Br). I. R. (solution,
CDC13) 3485, 2935,
2775. 1707, 1528. 1481; 1437, 1349, 1131,965. 935, 826 cm-1; 1H NMR (250 MHz
CDC13) 8
0.39 (s. 3, C18 H). 2.14 (s, 3, COCH3). 2.75 (s. 6, N(CH3)2). 3.91-4.06 (m. 4.
(OCH2)2), 4.33 (d,
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1, Ci la 1-1). 4.39 (s. 1. C; OH). 6.95 (d. 1, J = 8.4 Hz, ArH). 7.09 (d, 1. J
= 8.5 Hz, ArH), 7.36 (s,
1, ArH).
11(3-[3-Bromo-4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-3',4'-dihydro-3,3-11,2-
ethanedivlbis(oxy)
5a-hydroxy-5'-methyl-1'-oxo-spiro[estr-9-ene-17J3,2'(2'H)-pyrrole] [B-2 (R1 =
4-Me2N-, R8
= CH3, R12 = 3-Br)]. A solution of the ketone B-1 (R1 = Me2N-, R8 = CH3, R12 =
3-Br) (1.1 g,
1.599 mmol) was prepared in 5.0 mL of 50% aqueous ethanol and 2.5 mL of THE To
this
solution was added 65 mg (1.2 mmol) ofNH4C1 and 325 mg (4.9 mmol) of zinc
dust. The
reaction mixture was stirred overnight and another 325 mg of Zn and 65 mg of
ammonium
chloride was added and stirring was continued for 8 h. The reaction mixture
was filtered through
celite and the filtrate concentrated. The crude product was chromatographed on
silica gel eluting
with 7:3:0.3 methylene cloride-hexane-methanol to give 600 mg (61% yield) of
pure B-2
(RI = Me2N-, R8 = CH3. R12 = 3-Br). I. R. (solution, CDC13); 3490, 2936, 2775,
1588, 1481,
1447, 1382, 1214, 966. 887 cm-1; 1H NMR (250 MHz CDC13) S 7.34 (s, 1, ArH),
7.00 (d, 1,
J = 8.0 Hz. 6.95 (d, 1, J = 8.5 Hz, ArH), 4.39 (s, 1, C5 OH), 4.21 (br d, 1,
C1 1, H), 3.93-4.02 (m,
4, (OCHZ)2), 2.74 (s. 6, N(CH3)2), 2.14 (s, 3, ON=C-CH3). 0.61 (s, 3, C18 H).
3',4'-Dihydro-11 p-[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[ 1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-
5a-
hydroxy-5'-methyl-l'-oxo-spiro[estr-9-ene-17[3,2'(2'H)-pyrrole] [B-2 (R1 = 4-
Me2N-, R8
= CH3, R12 = H)J. The aryl bromide B-2 (R1 = Me2N-, R8 = CH3, R12 = 3-Br) (466
mg,
0.77 mmol) was dissolved in 50 mL of THE and maintained at -78 C under argon.
To this was
added 1.9 mL of t-BuLi (1.7 M in pentane) dropwise. After complete addition.
the reaction was
stirred for 10 min and quenched at -78 C with methanol (5 mL), followed by
saturated NH4Cl
solution. The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, the organic
layer washed with
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brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4. The dried solution was filtered and
concentrated to give
398 mg of B-2 (RI = Me2N-, R8 = CH;, R'2 = H) which was used in the next step
without
further purification. 1. R. (solution, CDC13) 3490, 2950.2800, 1608. 1516,
1436, 1345, 1216,
943. 840 cm-*; 'H NMR (250 MHz CDC13) S 7.00 (d, 2. J = 8.7 Hz. ArH), 6.62 (d,
2,
J = 8.7 Hz. ArH), 4.39 (s, 1, C5 OH). 421 (d. 1. J = 5.9 Hz. Cõa H). 3.90-4.02
(m. 4. (OCH2)2),
2.89 (s, 6, N (CH3)2), 2.13 (s. 3, ON=C-CH3). 0.61 (s, 3. C18 H).
3',4'-Dihydro-110-14-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]- 5'-methyl-1'-oxo-spiro[estra-
4,9-dien-
17(3,2'(2'H)-pyrrole])-3-one [B-3 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R8 = CH3, R12 = H). To a
solution of
398 mg (0.76 mmol) of B-2 (RI = Me2N-, R8 = CH3, R12 = H) in 40 mL of CH2C12
was added
2 mL of water. The solution was cooled to 0 C. To the cooled solution was
added about 4 mL
of TFA dropwise. The reaction was stirred at 0 C for 1 h. The reaction was
quenched with
saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. and extracted with CH2C12. The CH2C12
layer was
washed with water, followed by brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4. The dried
solution was
filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was chromatographed
on silica gel
using 7:3:0.3 methylene chloride-hexane-methanol as eluant to give 251 mg of
pure B-3
(R I = Me2N-. R8 = CH3. R 12 = H). Further purification was achieved on
preparative HPLC on a
C-18 reverse phase column using 50% acetonitrile and water: 'H NMR (250 MHz
CDCl3) 8
7.03 (d, 2, J = 8.7 Hz, ArH), 6.81 (d, 2, J = 8.7 Hz, ArH). 5.78 (s, 1, C4 H),
4.33 (d, 1, J = 6.4 Hz,
C 1 a H), 2.94 (s, 6, N(CH3)2), 2.13 (s. 3, ON=C-C]43), 0.66 (s, 3, C 18 H);
mass spectrum, m/z
(rel intensity) 458 (19), 442 (28), 134 (100), 121 (40), 96 (11); Anal. Calcd
for C30H38N202
-0.25 H2O: C, 77.80; H. 8.38: N. 6.05. Found: C, 77.90: H. 8.89; N. 5.51.
Example 10. Synthesis of 11[ -[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-17[3-nitro-17a-
(1-propynvl)estra-4,9-dien-3-one [(C-2 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R9 = CH3,
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R12 = H)].
11[3-[4-(NN-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[ 1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-
17[3-nitro-
17a-(1-propynyl)estr-9-ene [C-1 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R9 = CH3, R12 = H)] and 3,3-
[1,2-
Ethanedi_ylbis(oxy)1-5a-hydroxy-11P-[4-(N-methylamino)phenyl I-17P-nitro- 17a-
(1-
propynyl)estr-9-ene [C-1 (R1 = 4-MeHN-, R9 = CH3, R12 = H)]. To a solution of
2.39 g
(4.94 nunol) of nitro compound A-5 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R12 = H) in 50 mL of DMSO
under
nitrogen at room temperature was added 312 mg (12.4 mmol) of NaH. After 3.5 h,
a solution of
4.89 g (14.8 mmol) of tributyl(1-propynyl)tin (prepared by analogy to Pinhey.
J. T.; Maloney, M.
G.: Roche, E. G. "The a-Alk- l -ynylation of (3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and
Nitronate Salts by
Alk-l-ynyl-lead Triacetates." J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1, 333 (1989)) in
7.0 mL of DMSO
was added rapidly to a solution of 6.59 g (14.8 mmol) of 99.99% Pb(OAc)4
[ProChem Chemical
Co.; prior to its use it was stirred in vacuo at room temperature for 3 h and
strictly handled under
nitrogen (to remove all traces of acetic acid)] in 35 mL of DMSO at room
temperature. After
30 sec. the above dark nitronate solution was added to the resulting Sn-Pb
mixture rapidly,
causing mild warming. After 40 min, EtOAc and 400 mL of a 1:1, saturated
aqueous NH4C1
solution was added. After stirring vigorously. the aqueous layer was separated
and extracted
three times with EtOAc. The combined organic solutions were shaken with
aqueous K.F. filtered.
separated, washed twice with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and the
solvent was mostly
removed under reduced pressure, affording a brown slightly viscous oil.
Chromatography of the
oil without excessive delay (50% EtOAc in hexanes) afforded propyne C-1 (RI =
4-Me2N-,
R9 = CH3, R 12 = H) (646 mg, 25% yield) as a yellow foam. 'H NMR (250 MHz,
CDCI3) S
7.03. 6.62 (ABq, 4. J = 8.8 Hz), 4.49 (s. 1), 4.29 (br s, 1), 4.03-3.93 (m,
4), 2.90 (s, 6), 2.89 (m,
1). 1.93 (s, 3), 0.369 (s, 3). Further elution of the column gave the mono-N-
methylated
derivative [C-1 (R1 = 4-McHN-, R9 = CH3, R12 = H)] (497 mg, 20% yield). 1H NMR
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(250 MHz. CDC13) S 6.99. 6.50 (ABq. 4, J = 8.6 Hz). 4.49 (br s, 1), 4.28 (br
s, 1). 4.02 (m. 4).
3.65 (br s, 1). 2.89 (m. 1). 2.78 (s. 3). 1.92 (s, 3), 0.377 (s, 3).
11(3-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-17[3-nitro-17a-(1-propynyl)estra-4,9-dien-3-
one [(C-2
(R1 = 4-Me2N-, R9 = CH3, R12 = H)1. To a vigorously stirred mixture of 300 mg
(0.576 mmol)
of C-1 (RI 4-Me2N-. R9 = CH3. R12 = H), 9.3 mL of CH-)C12 and 0.52 mL of water
at 0 C
was added 0.78 mL (10.1 mmol) of trifluoroacetic acid dropwise. After 45 min
of vigorous
stirring at 0 C, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution was carefully added, and
the mixture was
stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The aqueous laver was separated and
extracted three times
with EtOAc. The combined organic solutions were washed twice with brine, dried
over Na2SO4,
filtered and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. Chromatography of
the residue on
silica gel (45% EtOAc in hexanes) afforded >97% pure (HPLC analysis) compound
C-2
(R! = 4-Me7N-. R9 = CH3, R122 = H) (178.5 mg, 68% yield). Compound C-2 (RI = 4-
Me2N-, R9
= CH3, R12 = H) of slightly less than 97% purity was obtained from later
column fractions
(26.4 mg, 10% yield). I H NMR (250 MHz, CDC13) 8 7.00, 6.64 (ABq, 4, J = 8.6
Hz), 5.77 (s,
1). 4.40 (d, 1, J = 6.0 Hz), 2.90 (s, 6), 1.94 (s, 3), 0.442 (s, 3). MS m/z
(rel inten) 458 (Mt 53),
413 (14). 263 (25), 134 (55), 121 (100). Anal. Calcd. for C79H34N203 -0.25
H2O: C. 7521; H,
7.51; N, 6.05. Found: C, 75.17; H. 7.49; N, 5.98.
Example 11. Synthesis of 11(3-(4-Acetylphenyl)-17a-ethynyl-17[i-nitroestra-
4,9-dien-3-one [(C-2 (R1 = 4-CH3CO-, R9 = R12 = H)].
3,3-11,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)1-11(3-{4-{1,1-[1,2-ethanedivlbis(oxy)]ethyl)
phenyl}-5a-hydroxv-
17a-ethynyl-17[3-nitroestr-9-ene [C-1 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R9 = R12 = H)1. To
a solution
of 1000 mg (1.90 mmol) of nitro compound A-5 (RI = 4-CH3C(OCH))2-, R12 = H) in
20 mL of
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DMSO at room temperature under nitrogen was added 101 mg (4.00 mmol) of NaH in
one
portion, causing gas evolution and an opaque brown coloration. After 1.2 h, a
solution of
1.68 mL (5.70 mmol) of tributyl(ethynyl)tin (Aldrich Chemical Co.) in 8 mL of
DMSO was
added rapidly to a solution of 2.53 g (5.70 mmol) of 99.99% Pb(OAc)4 [ProChem
Chemical Co.;
prior to use it was successively mixed three times with dry toluene.
evaporated under reduced
pressure. and back-filled with nitrogen (to remove all traces of acetic acid)]
in 10 mL of DMSO
under nitrogen at room temperature. After 30 seconds, the above dark nitronate
solution was
added to the resulting Sn-Pb mixture rapidly, causing mild warming. After 22
h. 200 mL of a
1:1, saturated aq NH4C1 solution was added, followed by the addition of EtOAc.
After stirring
vigorously. the aqueous laver was separated and extracted three times with
EtOAc. The
combined brown organic solution was washed twice with brine, dried over MgSO4,
filtered, and
the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford a brown oil. The
crude product was
chromatographed without delay on silica gel (55% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford
ethynyl product
C-1 (RI = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R9 = R12 = H) (586 mg. 56% yield). 1H NMR (250 MHz,
CDC13)
S 7.34, 7.16 (ABq, 4. J = 8.1 Hz), 4.45 (s, 1). 4.38 (d, 1, J = 4.4 Hz), 4.11-
3.77 (m, 8), 3.05 (m,
1). 2.79 (s, 1), 1.62 (s. 3), 0.34 (s, 3).
11(3-(4-Acetylphenvl)-17a-ethynyl-17(3-nitroestra-4,9-diem-3-one [C-2 (R1 = 4-
CH3CO-, R9
= R12 = H)]. To a rapidly stirred mixture of 75.0 mg (0.136 mmol) of alcohol C-
1 (RI = 4-
CH3C(OCH2)2-, R9 = R'22 = H), 3.6 mL of CH-)C12, and 0.06 mL of H2O at 0 C
was added
dropwise 0.58 mL of TFA, causing a bright yellow coloration. After 20 min.
saturated aq
NaHCO3 solution was added and the aqueous layer was separated and extracted
three times with
EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed with brine, dried over MgSO4,
filtered, and
the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was
chromatographed on silica gel
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(50% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford C-2 (RI = 4-CH3CO-. R9 = R122 = H) (38.3 mg,
64% yield).
IH NMR (500 MHz. CDC13) 6 7.88, 7.28 (ABq, 4, J = 8.4 Hz), 5.82 (s. 1), 4.53
(s, 1), 3.06 (dt
1, J = 3Ø 12 Hz). 2.84 (s. 1), 2.57 (s. 3), 0.41 (s, 3).
Example 12. Synthesis of 11[3-(4-Acetylphenyl)-17(3-nitro-17a-(1-propynyl)-
estra-4,9-dien-3-one [(C-2 (R1 = 4-CH3CO-, R8 = CH3, R12 = H)[.
3,3-[ 1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy)]-11(3-{4-{ 1,1-[ 1,2-ethanediy1bis(oxy)I ethyl)
phenyl}-5a-hydroxy-
17(3-nitro-17a-(1-propynyl)-estr-9-ene [C-1 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH2)2-, R9 = CH3,
R12 = H).
To a solution of 1000 mg (assumed 1.90 mmol) of impure nitro compound A-5 (RI
= 4-
CH3C(OCH2)2-, R12 = H) in 20 mL of DMSO at room temperature under nitrogen was
added
101 mg (4.00 mmol) of NaH in one portion, causing gas evolution and a dark
black/green
coloration. After 1.6 h, a solution of 1.88 mL (5.70 mmol) of tributyl(1-
propynyl)tin (prepared
by analogy to Pinhey, et. at.. 1989) in 6 mL of DMSO was added rapidly to a
solution of 2.53 g
(5.70 mmol) of 99.99% Pb(OAc)4 [ProChem Chemical Co.; prior to use it was
successively
mixed three times with dry toluene, evaporated under reduced pressure, and
back-filled with
nitrogen (to remove all traces of acetic acid)] in 14 mL of DMSO under
nitrogen at room
temperature. After 35 seconds. the above dark nitronate solution was added to
the resulting
Sn-Pb mixture rapidly, causing mild warming. After 24 It, 200 mL of a 1:1.
saturated aq NH4C1
solution was added. followed by the addition of EtOAc. After stirring
vigorously, the aqueous
layer was separated and extracted three times with EtOAc. The combined brown
organic
solution was washed twice with brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and the
solvent was removed
under reduced pressure to afford a brown oil. The crude product was
chromatographed without
delay on silica gel (55% EtOAc in hexanes), then chromatographed a second time
on silica gel
(55% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford 1-propynyl product C-1 (R1 = 4-CH3C(OCH))2-,
R9 CH3,
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R12 = H) (161 mg. 15% yield). 1 H NMR (250 MHz. CDC13) 6 7.33. 7.16 (ABq. 4_1
= 8.2 Hz),
4.50 (s. 1), 4.38 (br s. 1), 4.10-3.74 (m, 8). 2.98 (m. 1), 1.93 (s, 3). 0.32
(s, 3).
11[3-(4-Acetylphenyl)-I73-nitro-17a-(1-propynyl)estra-4,9-dien-3-one [C-2 (R1
= 4-CH3CO-
, R9 = CH3, R12 = H)]. To a well-stirred mixture of 161 mg (0.286 mmol) of C-1
(R1 = 4-
CH3C(OCH2)2-. R9 = CH3, R12 = H), 7.6 mL of CH7C12, and 0.13 mL of H2O at 0 C
was
added dropwise 0.5 mL of TFA causing a slight darkening of the reaction
mixture. After I h,
saturated aq NaHCO3 solution was added with vigorous stirring. Water and EtOAc
were added
and the aqueous laver was separated and extracted three times with EtOAc. The
combined
organic solution was washed three times with saturated aq NaHCO3 solution,
twice with brine,
dried over MgSO4, filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced
pressure. Chromatog-
raphy of the residue on silica gel (53% EtOAc in hexanes) gave target compound
C-2 (R 1 = 4-
CH3CO-, R9 = CH3, R122 = H) (104 mg, 79% yield). 1H NMR (250 MHz. CDC13) 6
7.88, 7.29
(ABq, 4, J = 8.4 Hz), 5.82 (s, 1), 4.52 (br s, 1). 2.97 (m, 1), 2.57 (s, 3),
1.95 (s, 3), 0.38 (s, 3).
Example 13. Synthesis of 11p-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyl]-3',4'-dihydro-
I'-oxo-Spiro[estra-4,9-dien-17(3,2'(2'H)-pyrrole]-3-one [B-3
(RI = 4-Me2N-, R8 = R12 = H)].
11 [3-[4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)phenyll-3,3-[ 1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-
l7a-
(propan-3-al)-17(3-nitroestr-9-ene [B-1 (RI = Me2N-, R8 = R12 = H)]. To 0.500
g
(0.883 mmol) of the ester A-S (R1 = 4-Me)N-, R7 = (CH2)2000Me, R12 = H)
dissolved in
2.0 mL of toluene and maintained under an atmosphere of nitrogen at -78 C was
added 0.97 mL
of a 1 M solution of DIBAL-H in hexane dropwise. After I h another 1.7 mL of
DIBAL-H was
added and the mixture was stirred at -78 C for 30 min. The reaction was
quenched by adding
0.24 mL of methanol in 0.4 ml, of toluene followed by addition of 0.13 mL of
water in 0.22 mL
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of methanol. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min and then filtered
through celite. The
filtrate was concentrated and the crude aldehyde was chromatographed on silica
gel using 1.5:1
EtOAc-hexane to give 456 mg of pure B-1 (R1 = Me2N-, Rs = R12 = H) in 96 %
yield. 1H NMR
(250 MHz, CDC13) 6 8.76 ( s. 1. CHO), 7.04 (d. 2. .1 = 8.7 Hz. 6.63 (d, 2, J =
8.7 Hz, ArH). 4.35
(s, I, C5 OH), 4.28 (d, 1. J = 6.6 Hz. C11a H). 3.95 (m, 4, O(CH2)2), 3.93-
4,02 (m, 2. CH2OH),
2.90 (s, 6, N(CH3)2), 0.40 (s, 3. C18 H), ArH).
3',4'-Dihydro-11(3-[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,3-[1,2-ethanebis(oxy)]-5a-
hydroxy-1'-
oxo-Spiro[estr-9-ene-17(3,2'(2'H)-pyrrole] [B-2 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R8 = R12 = H)].
A solution of
the aldehyde B-1 (R 1 = Me2N-. R8 = R 12 = H) (0.400 g, 0.74 mmol) was
prepared in 4.0 mL of
50% aqueous ethanol and 2.0 mL of THE To this was added 64 mg (1.19 mmol) of
ammonium
chloride and 304 mg (4.65 mmol) of zinc dust. The reaction mixture was stirred
overnight and
another 304 mg of Zn and 64 mg of ammonium chloride was added and stirring was
continued
for 24 h. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and the filtrate
concentrated. The
crude product was chromatographed on silica gel eluting with 5:5:1 methylene
chloride-hexane-
methanol to give 293 mg (78% yield) of pure B-2 (R1 = 4-Me2N-, R8 = R12 = H);
1H NMR
(250 MHz CDC13) 6 7.00 (d, 1, J = 8.4 Hz, ArH), 6.98 (s, 1, ON=CH), 6.62 (d,
2_1 = 8.8 Hz,
ArH), 4.40 (s. 1, C5 OH), 4.21 (d, 1, J = 6.4 Hz, C11a H), 3.93-4.02 (m, 4,
(OCH2)2), 2.88 (s, 6,
N(CH3)2), 0.62 (s, 3, C18 H).
3',4'-Dihydro-11(3-([4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-1'-oxo-spiroIestr-4,9-dien-
17[i, 2'(2'H)-
pyrrole]-3-one [B-3 (RI = 4-Me2N-, R8 = R12 = H)]. To a solution of 120 mg
(0.23 tnmol) of 2
(R 1 = 4-Me2N-. R8 = R 12 = H) in 2.5 mL of CH2C12 was added 0.1 mL of water
and the mixture
was cooled to 0 C. To the cooled solution was added about 0.5 mL of TFA
dropwise. The
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reaction was stirred at 0 C for 1 h. The reaction was then quenched with
saturated sodium
bicarbonate solution, and extracted with CH2CI2. The CH2C12 layer was washed
with water,
followed by brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4. The dried solution was
filtered and
concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was chromatographed on silica gel
using 5:5:1
methylene cloride-hexane-methanol as eluant to give 79 mg (76% yield) of pure
B-3
(R' = 4-Me2N-, R8 = R 2 = H). 'H NMR (250 MHz CDCI3), S 7.00 (s, 1, ON=CH),
6.96 (d. 2,
J= 8.4 Hz.ArH),6.63 (d, 2, J = 8.9 Hz, ArH), 5.77 (s, 1, C4 H),4.34(d,
1,J=6.8Hz.CilaH).
2.90 (s, 6, N(CH3)2), 0.70 (s, 3, C18 H); mass spectrum, m/z (rel intensity)
444 (43), 428 (62),
278 (12), 134 (86), 121 (100), 91(12); Anal. Caled for C29H36N202 =1.25 H2O:
C. 74.40; H,
8.50; N, 5.98. Found: C. 74.56; H, 8.50; N, 5.43.
Example 14. Synthesis of 3',4'-Dihydro-5'-methyl-1'-oxo-11[3-[4-(N,N-
piperidino)
phenyl-spiro[estra-4,9-dien-17(3, 2'(2'H)-pyrrolej-3-one [B-3
(R1 = 4-(N-piperidino), R8 = R12 = H)].
11(3-[4-(N-piperidino)phenyl ]-3,3-[ 1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-5a-hydroxy-173-
nitro-17a-
(3-oxobutyl)-estr-9-ene [B-1 (R1 = 4-(N-piperidino)-, R8 = CH3 R12 = H)]. A
solution of
0.750 g (1.44 mmol)of A-5 (R I = 4-(N-piperidino)-, R 12 = H) 416 mg (7.175
mmol) of KF and
462 mg (1.43 mmol) of n-Bu4NBr in 3.5 mL of DMSO was stirred for 30 min at
room
temperature. Then 0.14 mL (2.87 mmol) of methyl vinyl ketone was added
dropwise and the
mixture was stirred for I h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and
extracted with ethyl
acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, followed by brine and dried
over anhydrous
MgSO4. The organic layer was then filtered, concentrated and the crude product
chromatographed on silica gel using 1:1 hexane-ethyl acetate to give 0.74 g
(87% yield) of B-i
(RI = 4-(N-piperidino)-. R8 = C113, R'2 = H). I H NMR (250 MHz CDC13) S 7.04
(d, 2,
J = 8.5 Hz, ArH), 6.81 (d, 2, J = 8.7 Hz, ArH), 4.32 (s, 1, C5 OH), 4.32 (br
d. 1, Cl la H), 3.93-
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4.00 (m, 4. (OCH2)2), 3.09 (t. 4, N(CH2)2), 2.17 (s. 3. COCH3), 0.37 (s, 3,
C18 H).
3',4'-Dihvdro-3,3-[ 1,2-ethanedivlbis(oxv)] -5a-hvdroxv-5'-methyl-1'-oxo-l1 [3-
[4-(N-
piperidino)phenyl]-spiroI estr-9-en e-17(3,2'(2'H)-pyrrole] (B-2 (R1 = 4-(N-
piperidino-,
R8 = CH3, R12 = H)]. A solution of the ketone B-1 (RI = 4-(N-piperidino)-, R8
= CH3,
R12 = H) (0.740 g, 1.25 mmol) was prepared in 5.0 mL of 50% aqueous ethanol
and 2.5 mL of
THE To this solution was added 56 mg (1.04 mmol) of ammonium chloride and 283
mg
(4.42 mmol) of zinc dust. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight and
another 283 mg of Zn
and 56 mg of ammonium chloride was added and stirring was continued for 8 h.
The reaction
mixture was filtered through celite and the filtrate concentrated. The crude
product was
chromatographed on silica gel eluting with 5:1 EtOAc-MeOH to give 670 mg (96%
yield) of
pure B-2 (RI = 4-(N-piperidino)-. R8 = CH3, R12 = H). 1H NMR (250 MHz CDC13) S
6.99 (d,
2. J = 8.6 Hz, ArH). 6.81 (d, 2, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 4.39 (s, 1. C5 OH), 4.18
(d. 1, J = 7.8 Hz, C 11,
H), 3.93-4.02 (m, 4, (OCH2)2), 3.08 (br t, 4, N(CH2)2), 2.05 (s, 3, ON=C-CH3),
0.60 (s, 3, C18
H).
3',4'-Dihvdro-5'-methyl- 1'-oxo-l l (3-(4-(N-piperidino)phenyl) ]-spiro Iestr-
4,9-dien-17(3,
2'(2'H)-pyrrole]-3-one [B-3 (RI = 4-(N-piperidino)-, R8 = CH3, R12 = H). The
ketal B-2
(RI = 4-(N-piperidino)-, R8 = CH3, R12 = H) (3.87 g, 6.9 mmol) was dissolved
in 25 mL of
CH2CI7. To this was added 1.0 mL of water and the mixture was cooled to 0 C.
To the solution
was added about 5.0 mL of TFA dropwise. The reaction was stirred at 0 C for 1
h during which
time it turned from a brownish pink to pale yellow. The reaction was quenched
after stirring for
another 30 min with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and extracted with
CH-)CI-). The
organic layer was washed with water, followed by brine and dried over
anhydrous Na2S04. The
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WO 99/62929 PCTIUS99/10481
dried solution was filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The crude product
was
chromatographed on silica gel using 5:1 EtOAc-MeOH as eluant to give 1.67 g of
pure B-3
(R I = 4-(N-piperidino)-, R8 = CH31 R 12 = H) and another 1.04 g of slightly
impure material in
overall 78% yield. I H NMR (250 MHz CDC13) 6 6.96 (d. 2, J - 8.5 Hz. ArH),
6.80 (d. 2,
J = 8.6 Hz. ArH). 5.77 (s. 1. C4 H). 4.32 (d. 1, J = 6.1 Hz. C, i H), 3.08
(br t, 4, N(CH'2)2). 2.09
(s. 3. ON=C-CH3). 0.68 (s. 3. C18 CH3); mass spectrum. m/z (rel intensity) 498
(49), 481 (54),
320 (22), 174 (100), 161 (40); Anal. Calcd for C30H38N202 =1.75 H2O: C. 74.75;
H, 8.65; N.
5.28. Found: C. 74.76; H, 8.56; N. 5.26.
The biological activity of the compounds of this invention was examined by
means of in
vitro and in vivo tests.
Receptor Binding:
The affinity of the compounds for hormone receptors for progestins and
glucocorticoids
from rabbits was determined by standard procedures similar to those that have
been described in
C. E. Cook, et al., Human Reproduction, Volume 9, supplement 1, pp. 32-39
(1994). However,
the source of the glucocorticoid receptor was the thymus of the estrogen-
primed immature female
rabbit. The affinity of the compounds for the human progesterone hormone
receptor was
determined by standard procedures similar to those that have been described in
Horwitz, et al.,
Cell, 28: 633-42 (1982) and Mockus, et al., Endocrinology, 110: 1564-71
(1982). The receptor
was obtained in cytosol from human T-47D breast cells and [3H]-R5020 was used
as the
radioligand. T47D cells (1 billion/mL) were homogenized in TEDG buffer (10 mM
Tris, 1.5
mM EDTA, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 1 mM sodium molybdate, and 10% glycerol) using a
Dounce
pestle A, and the homogenate was centrifuged at 34,000 x g for 1 hour. The
supernatant was
stored at -80 C. An aliquot of receptor preparation was combined with test
compound, 0.4 nM
['H]-R5020, and TEDG buffer to a final volume of 150 L and incubated for 4
hours at 4 C in
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microtiter plates. At the end of incubation 40 /Z 40% polyethylene glycol and
15 AL 1% human
gamma globulin was added to the incubate and the contents of each well were
harvested onto
double thick B filter mats (WallacTM LKB) using a TomTecTM harvester. A film
of Meltilux
scintillant wax was applied to the dried filter mats and the mats were counted
in a scintillation
counter to determine inhibition of ['H]-85020 binding. Data are expressed as
IC50 values, i.e.,
the concentration of compound that inhibits radioligand binding by 50%.
Table 1 shows that compounds of the present invention bind strongly to the
progestin
receptor but with varying degrees of affinity. Of particular note is the
surprising high ratio of
affinity for the progestin receptor as compared with the glucocorticoid
receptor. Such
compounds are advantageous in diminishing or eliminating the antiglucorticoid
effects
associated with known antiprogestins such as mifepristone. Table 2 shows that
the high affinity
for the rabbit progestin receptor extends to the human receptor as well.
Cellular and animal tests were also performed to further characterize the
biological activity
of the compounds of the invention.
Determination of progestational and antipr_ogestational activity in human
cells:
Human T-47D breast cells grown in nutrient media were incubated with the
standard
progestin R5020 alone or with R5020 plus test compound and then assessed by
standard
procedures for proliferation using incorporation of [H]-thymidine as the
measurement. Table 3
shows results of these assays. Data for antiprogestin activity are expressed
as EC50, i.e., the
concentration of compound which inhibits 0.15 nM R5020-mediated proliferation
by 50%. The
maximum % inhibition (a measure of the efficacy of the compounds) is also
given. In the
agonist format of this assay the compounds were tested at concentrations
ranging from 0.01 to 10
nM and the maximum % stimulation at any dose is listed in Table 3. It can be
seen that in this
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WO 99/62929 PCTIUS99/10481
assay some of the compounds exhibit potent antiprogestational activity, but
that there is also
some agonist activity associated with them as well.
Determination of progestational and antiprogestational activity in vivo:
Progestational activity and antiprogestational activity were determined in
rabbits by means
of the McGinty test (test compound alone, procedure of McGinty et al.,
Endocrinology, 24: 829-
832 (1939)) or anti-McGinty test (test compound plus progesterone, procedure
of Tamara et al.,
Jpn. J. Fertil Steril 24: 48-81 (1979)). Results were scored according to
McPhail (McPhail, J
Physiol., 83: 146 (1934)). These are standard procedures known to those
skilled in the art. The
results of these assays are shown in Tables 4 (agonist activity) and 5
(antagonist activity). It can
be seen that one of the nitrone compounds (II, R' = 4-Me2N-, X = 0, R6 = R12 =
H, R' = CH3),
which exhibited an excellent separation of progestin and glucocorticoid
receptor affinity, was a
potent antiprogestin in the anti-McGinty assay. Other compounds, such as I (R'
= 4-CH3CO-, X
= 0, R6 = R12 = H, R' = CC-CH3), exhibited a mixed (agonist/antagonist)
profile. Compound I
(R'= 4-Me2N-, X = 0, R6 = R12 = H, R7 = CC-CH3) was a potent antiprogestin
when given orally
to estrogen-primed immature female rabbits together with subcutaneous
progesterone in the anti-
Clauberg assay and scored by the McPhail Index ((McPhail, J. Physiol., 83: 146
(1934)).
The 11(3-aryl-17p-nitro compounds of the present invention bind with good
affinity to the
progestin receptor (Tables 1 and 2) and have antiprogestational activity in
vitro (Table 3) or in
vivo Table 5). The 17,17-spironitrone compounds of the invention not only bind
strongly to the
progestin receptor (Table 1) and demonstrate antiprogestational activity
(Table 5), but also bind
weakly to the glucocorticoid receptor (Table 1), thus markedly diminishing the
likelihood of
their having significant glucocorticoid or antiglucocorticoid activity. The
latter is a significant
side-effect with current antiprogestins such as mifepristone.
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WO 99/62929 PCT/US99/10481
O
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CA 02622798 2008-03-06
WO 99/62929 PCTIUS99/10481
bq ~? 00
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CA 02622798 2008-03-06
WO 99/62929 PCT/US99/10481
y M> M vNi
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CA 02622798 2008-03-06
WO 99/62929 PCT/US99/10481
O
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- 67-
CA 02622798 2008-03-06
WO 99/62929 PCTIUS99/10481
M N_ O
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CA 02622798 2008-03-06
WO 99/62929 PCTIUS99/10481
Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are
possible in
light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the
scope of the appended
claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically
described herein.
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