Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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CONCENTRATE LEVEL SENSING
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a sensor employed in a beverage
system that
uses ultrasonic waves to sense when a level of flavored concentrate is low.
Beverages systems are employed to make beverages. A flavored concentrate and
water
are mixed to form the beverage. Typically, the flavored concentrate is stored
in a concentrate
container. A piston of a pump nutates within a pump head to draw a set amount
of the flavored
concentrate into a mixing chamber. Water is mixed with the flavored
concentrate in the mixing
chamber to form the beverage with a desired concentration.
If the amount of the flavored concentrate in the concentrate container runs
low, the
beverage can dilute, affecting the taste and quality of the beverage. Prior
sensors directly
measure the amount or volume of the flavored concentrate in the concentrate
container. A
drawback to prior sensors is that the sensor is intrusive with the concentrate
container.
Hence, there is a need in the art for a sensor employed in a beverage system
that uses
ultrasonic waves to sense when a level of flavored concentrate is low that is
non-intrusion that
overcomes the drawbacks and shortcomings of the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A beverage system makes beverages, soft drinks, milkshakes, dairy products,
other
frozen desserts or any mixed product. A pump draws a set amount of a flavored
concentrate into
a mixing chamber through a conduit. The flavored concentrate and water combine
in the mixing
chamber to form the beverage.
A piston of a pump nutates within a pump head to draw the set amount of the
flavored
concentrate into the mixing chamber. The pump includes an adapter plate that
aligns the piston
and a housing of a motor. A locking ring attaches the adapter plate to the
pump head. '
A sensor detects when the amount of the flavored concentrate in the conduit is
low. The
sensor includes two wings each including a recessed surface that together
define a circular space.
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A portion of the conduit is received in the circular space. Each of the wings
includes an
ultrasonic portion that emits ultrasonic waves that are non-intrusive.
When the concentrate container begins to empty and the amount of concentrate
in the
conduit is low, air bubbles are generated in the flow of the flavored
concentrate. The ultrasonic
waves that are generated by the ultrasonic portions detect the air bubbles.
The ultrasonic
portions send a signal to a controller indicating that the level of flavored
concentrate in the
conduit is low. The controller sends a signal to the pump to stop operation of
the pump.
As the amount of flavored concentrate in the conduit, and therefore the
concentrate
container, decreases, a vacuum is also created in the conduit. The vacuum
causes the walls of
the conduit to cave inwardly and away from the wings, disengaging the conduit
from the
recessed surface of the wings. When the conduit does not engage the recessed
surface of the
wings, the ultrasonic waves produced by the ultrasonic portion are not
transmitted to the flavored
concentrate flowing through the conduit. The presence of the vacuum indicates
that the volume
of the flavored concentrate in the conduit is low and the concentrate
container needs to be
replaced.
These and other features of the present invention will be best understood from
the
following specification and drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The various features and advantages of the invention will become apparent to
those
skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the currently
preferred embodiment.
The drawings that accompany the detailed description can be briefly described
as follows:
Figure 1 schematically illustrates a beverage system used to make a beverage;
Figure 2 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of a pump of the
beverage
system;
Figure 3 schematically illustrates a perspective view of a mixing chamber of
the pump;
Figure 4 schematically illustrates a side view of a pump head and a housing of
the pump;
Figure 5 schematically illustrates a perspective view of the pump head;
Figure 6 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an adapter plate of
the pump;
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Figure 7 schematically illustrates a side view of the adapter plate;
Figure 8 schematically illustrates a perspective view of a locking ring of the
pump;
Figure 9 schematically illustrates a top view of the pump;
Figure 10 schematically illustrates a perspective view of the sensor during
normal
operation;
Figure 11 schematically illustrates a top view of the sensor during normal
operation; and
Figure 12 schematically illustrates a top view of the sensor when the amount
of flavored
concentrate in the conduit is low.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Figure 1 schematically illustrates a beverage system 20 of the present
invention. The
beverage system 20 can be used to make beverages, soft drinks, milkshakes,
dairy products,
juices, other fiozen desserts or any mixed product. The beverage system 20
includes a
concentrate container 22 that contains a flavored concentrate 24 or syrup. In
one example, the
concentrate container 22 is a sealed bag that is cooled by a refrigeration
system (not shown).
A pump 26 draws a set amount of the flavored concentrate 24 from the
concentrate
container 22 and into a mixing chamber 28. The flavored concentrate 24 from
the concentrate
container 22 flows along a conduit 30 and into a concentrate inlet 32 of the
pump 26. The pump
26 controls the flow and the ainount of the flavored concentrate 24 that is
dispensed by the pump
26 through a concentrate outlet 34 and into the mixing chamber 28. Chilled
water from a water
source 36 cooled by a refrigeration system (not shown) flows along a conduit
38 and enters the
pump 26 through a water port 40. In one example, the conduit 38 is made of
copper. The pump
26 controls the flow of water through a water outlet 42 and into the mixing
chamber 28. All the
conduit 30 and 38 to the inlets 32 and 40, respectively, of the mixing chamber
28 are insulated.
The flavored concentrate 24 and the water are thoroughly mixed in the mixing
chamber
28 to create the beverage having a desired concentration. The mixing chamber
28 is insulated to
keep the mixed beverage cold. In one example, the concentration of water to
flavored
concentrate 24 is approximately 10:1 through 2:1. The beverage is then
dispensed from the
mixing chamber 28 into a cup 44 for serving.
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Figure 2 schematically illustrates the pump 26 including a pump head 46. The
flavored
concentrate 24 in the concentrate container 22 flows along the conduit 30 and
enters the pump
head 46 through the concentrate inlet 32. A portion of a piston 48 received in
a compartment 50
of the pump head 46 is substantially cylindrical in shape and includes an
irregular surface 58. In
one example, the irregular surface 58 can be a flattened surface or a
substantially u-shaped
depression. A cavity is defined between the irregular surface 58 of the piston
48 and the walls of
the compartment 50. The compartment 50 has a fixed volume and does not expand
or contract
during operation of the pump 26. In one example, the piston 48 is made of
stainless steel, and the
compartment 50 is made of steel. The piston 48 controls the flow of the
flavored concentrate 24
from the concentrate container 22 and into the mixing chamber 28 (shown in
Figure 3) that is
housed in a mixing chamber housing 29. The pump 26 is described in United
States Patent
Application Serial No. 10/955,175 filed September 30, 2004 and entitled
POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT PUMP, herein incorporated entirely by reference.
The pump 26 includes a motor 52 that drives a motor shaft 54. The motor 52
moves the
piston 48 to draw the flavored concentrate 24 into the cavity through the
concentrate inlet 32 and
to release the flavored concentrate 24 from the cavity through the concentrate
outlet 34. The
concentrate outlet 34 functions as a top portion of the mixing chamber 28. The
motor shaft 54
includes a hub assembly 56. The hub assembly 56 is a plastic molded part that
holds brass
components that allow for free rotation within the degrees of the pump 26
operation. As the
motor shaft 54 rotates, the hub assembly 56 also rotates. Engagement of the
hub assembly 56
with the piston 48 causes the piston 48 to both move linearly and to rotate.
That is, the piston 48
nutates.
As shown in Figure 4 a housing 62 aligns the motor 52 and the motor shaft 54
and
mounts the motor 52 to an assembly panel 98. The housing 62 includes a water
port 40 that
provides a path for the water from the water source 36 to flow into a water
chamber 112, through
a water port 116 of a pump head 46, along a water flow path 70 and into the
mixing chamber 28
to form the beverage. The water port 40 is integrated with the housing 62 in
one piece.
A piston seal 60 provides a seal between the piston 48 and the pump head 46
and
provides a wiping action as the piston 48 moves in the pump head 46. The
piston seal 60 is
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made from an elastomeric material and overmolded onto a steel backing ring. A
backing seal 66
provides a barrier between a wetted portion of the pump head 46 and the water
port 40 of the
housing 62 to prevent accidental spillage or splashing of the flavored
concentrate 24 or a
cleaning solution from entering the hub assembly 56.
Figure 5 illustrates the pump head 46. The pump head 46 includes a
circumferential
flange 94 that extends around the circumference of the pump head 46. The pump
head 46 also
includes a piston opening 114 that receives a portion of the piston 48 and the
water port 116 that
detects a portion of the water flow path 70.
As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the pump 26 further includes an adapter plate 64
that
maintains a geometric relationship between the piston 48 and the piston
opening 124 of the
housing 62 and minimizes movement of the piston 48. The adapter plate 64
includes a piston
opening 67 that receives a portion of the piston 48 and a water opening 68
that receives the water
port 116 of the pump head 46. The adapter plate 64 includes a circumferential
flange 100. The
circumferential flange 100 includes two opposing ramped portions each having a
lower part 108,
an inclined part 109 and a raised upper part 106. The adapter plate 64 also
includes a
corresponding another of a protrusion or recess 134 that surrounds the piston
opening 67. When
the adapter plate 64 is assembled in the pump 26, the protrusions or recesses
132 align with the
another of the protrusion or a recess 134 to align the adapter plate 64 and
the housing 62.
As shown in Figure 8, a locking ring 72 attaches the adapter plate 64 to the
pump head
46, creating a geometric lock between the pump head 46 and the adapter plate
64. The locking
ring 72 secures the pump head 46 to the adapter plate 64 to prevent leakage of
the flavored
concentrate 24 and the water from the pump head 46 and prevent inaccuracy. The
locking ring
72 is substantially circular in shape and is made of plastic. The locking ring
72 includes a first
side 74 with a plurality of first inward tabs 76 and an opposing second side
78 with a plurality of
second inward tabs 80. In one example, the first side 74 includes two first
inward tabs 76, and
the second side 78 includes two second inward tabs 80. A gap 92 is defined
between the inward
tabs 76 and 80. Outward fingers 82 extend from the locking ring 72 to provide
a surface for the
operator to grab when rotating the locking ring 72.
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The locking ring 72 and the pump head 46 are provided as a subassembly. The
locking
ring 72 is forced onto the pump head 46 such that the circumferential flange
94 of the pump head
46 is received in the gap 92 of the locking ring 72. The locking ring 72
freely rotates relative to
the pump head 46.
When the components are installed, the circumferential flange 100 of the
adapter plate 64
is positioned to be received in the gap 92 of the locking ring 72. That is,
both the circumferential
flange 100 of the adapter plate 64 and the circumferential flange 94 of the
pump head 46 are
received in the gap 92. The first inward tabs 76 of the locking ring 72 engage
the adapter plate
64, and the second inward tabs 80 of the locking ring 72 engage the pump head
46. The locking
ring 72 is rotated relative to the pump head 46 in a first direction until
each of the first inward
tabs 76 engage one of the raised upper parts 106 of the adapter plate 64 to
wedge the locking ring
72 in the locked position and to attach the adapter plate 64 to the pump head
46, as shown in
Figure 9. The engagement of the locking ring 72 and the raised upper part 106
of the adapter
plate 64 prevents the locking ring 72 from further rotation, and the locking
ring 72 is then
stopped in a locked position.
As shown in Figures 10 and 11, a sensor 140 detects when the amount of the
flavored
concentrate 24 in the conduit 30 is low. The sensor 140 is non-invasive. When
the amount of
flavored concentrate 24 is low, the beverage can be diluted, affecting the
quality of the beverage.
The sensor 140 includes two wings 142 each including a recessed surface 141
that together
define a circular space 144. A portion of the conduit 30 is received in the
circular space 144. In
one example, the conduit 30 is made of plastic. Each of the wings 142 includes
an ultrasonic
portion 146 that eniits ultrasonic waves that are non-intrusive. A gap 147 is
defined between the
ultrasonic portions 146.
When the concentrate container 22 contains the flavored concentrate 24, the
flavored
concentrate 24 flows from the concentrate container 22 along the conduit 30
and into the pump
26 for mixing with water to form the beverage. When the concentrate container
22 is not empty
and there is flavored concentrate 24 in the conduit 30, there are no air
bubbles in the flavored
concentrate 24 as it flows along the conduit 30. During normal operation when
the concentrate
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container 22 is not empty, the walls of the conduit 30 contact the recessed
surface 141 of the
wings 142.
As shown in Figure 12, when the conduit 30 begins to become empty and drops
below a
threshold value, air bubbles 156 are generated in the flow of the flavored
concentrate 24 as it
flows along the conduit 30. The ultrasonic waves that are generated by the
ultrasonic portions
146 detect the air bubbles 156. The ultrasonic portions 146 send a signal to a
controller 148
indicating that the level of flavored concentrate 24 in the conduit 30, and
therefore the
concentrate container 22, is low. The controller 148 sends a signal to the
pump 26 to stop
operation of the pump 26. The operator is alerted that the amount of the
flavored concentrate 24
in the concentrate container 22 is low and that the operator needs to replace
the concentrate
container 22. The low level of the flavored concentrate 24 can be indicated on
an LED 150
display. The pump 26 also prevents any more beverages or products from being
dispensed.
As the amount of the flavored concentrate 24 in the conduit 30 decreases and
drops
below a threshold value, a vacuum is also created in the conduit 30. The
vacuum causes the
walls of the conduit 30 to cave inwardly and away from the wings 142,
disengaging the conduit
30 from the recessed surface 141 of the wings 142. When the conduit 30 does
not engage the
recessed surface 141 of the wings 142, the ultrasonic waves produced by the
ultrasonic portion
146 do not transmit to the flavored concentrate 24 flowing through the conduit
30. The presence
of the vacuum indicates that the volume of the flavored concentrate 24 in the
concentrate
container 22 is low and the concentrate container 22 needs to be replaced. The
controller 148
sends a signal to the pump 26 to stop operation of the pump 26. The operator
is alerted that the
amount of the flavored concentrate 24 in the concentrate container 22 is low
and that the operator
needs to replace the concentrate container 22. The low level of the flavored
concentrate 24 can
be indicated on the LED 150 display.
Either or both of detecting air bubbles 156 or detecting the presence of a
vacuum in the
conduit 30 will trigger the controller 148 to shut the pump 26 down. The
signal received by the
controller 148 can also be filtered and modified as necessary to minimize
false triggers and
ensure that the sensor 140 performs optimally.
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Although a beverage system 20 is illustrated and described, it is to be
understood that the
pump 26 of the present invention can be used in other systems. For example,
the pump 26 can
be used in a soft drink system. In this example, the pump 26 pumps flavored
syrup which is
mixed with carbonated water to make a soft drink. Alternately, the pump 26
pumps flavored
syrup which is mixed with a frozen substance to create a frozen dessert.
The foregoing description is only exemplary of the principles of the
invention. Many
modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. It
is, therefore, to be
understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be
practiced
otherwise than using the example embodiments which have been specifically
described. For that
reason the following claims should be studied to determine the true scope and
content of this
invention.
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