PISCICULTURE MARINE PERMETTANT D'ENGRAISSER DES POISSONS DANS DES PISCINES OU DANS DES BASSINS EN TERRE DANS UNE ATMOSPHERE ASEPTISEE ET CONTROLEE

MARINE FISH FARMING FOR FATTENING FISH IN PONDS OR POOLS ON LAND IN AN ASEPTIC AND CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT

Abrégé français

La présente invention concerne une installation de pisciculture marine en terre. L'installation est constituée de piscines situées ou encastrées dans la terre dans un entrepôt ou une usine. L'installation comprend également des citernes d'eau, des doseurs d'aliments et de la lumière artificielle. Cette installation permet l'engraissement des poissons dans une atmosphère contrôlée et permettant d'éviter toute contamination.

Abrégé anglais

Installation for marine fish farming on land. The installation is made up of
ponds situated
or built into the ground inside a shed or a plant. The installation also
includes water pumps, food
dispensers and artificial light. Fish are fattened in the installation in a
controlled environment,
avoiding contamination.

Revendications

6
CLAIMS
1.- Marine Fish for the fattening of fish in ponds or pools on the ground,
CHARACTERIZED on that is being composed of a harmonious unity of airtight
houses within
which ponds or pools are located preferentially in semi or half spheres, made
of any material,
from metals to semi-rigid PVC, or built on land located at a top level of the
sea and from which is
obtained by pumping water to fill them while emptying into the same volume of
similar income,
by gravity or by the same means above; the feeding of fish is effected by
mechanical or other
dispensers that meet the same function and to obtain a suitable commercial
broiler growth
reduces the natural dark cycle with artificial light similar to the above;
this culture medium and
growth solves technical problems inherent in growing and fattening made in
cages in the sea,
solving current problems including the lack of control of bowel movements in
their natural
environment, pollution and death of other species because of the above,
pollution of diseases to
fish by other species growing in close contact, better oxygenation of water
and fat of the species
in these pools in shorter periods of time than natural.
2.- Fattening pools according to Claim No. 1 - CHARACTERIZED on that is being
placed in hermetically sealed warehouses with room temperature ranging between
7 and 14
degrees, pools are filled with sea water, sucked with pumps with enough power
to capture no less
than 10 meters from the lowest tide and at depths no less than 3 meters,
through ducts or pipes of
any material, which is properly anchored to the seabed.
3.- Fattening ponds according to claim No. 2 - CHARACTERIZED on that the sea
water taken up by the pumps and previous to admission to the pools, has a
double filtration, the
first with several gratings overlapping each other to prevent entry of remains
of algae or other
items, and then and prior to the entry of sea water to the pools it is
purified with ultraviolet light
filters or the like, to prevent the entry of microorganisms or other
contaminants to fish, at the time
that water, by the way it is entered and spread in swimming pools, is widely
peroxide.
4.- Fattening ponds according to claim No. 3 CHARACTERIZED on that the sea
water, previous to its admission to the pools, is subjected to temperature
control so that this has a
range between 7 and 14 degrees, process running by passing through a coil heat
or the like in
their function.
5. Fattening ponds according to claim No. 4 CHARACTERIZED on that when
entering the water to them, a food dispenser located at a height, spreads food
for fish by
mechanical, electro mechanical, automatic or electronic device, as appropriate
to the existing
biomass.
6.- Fattening ponds according to claim No. 5 - CHARACTERIZED on that the
movement of water in them is continuous, evacuating the bottom waters by
a process of gravity being a difference of height relative to sea, evacuation
that previous to their

7
return to the sea, such waters are treated in a sterile plant to be returned
clean of organic
contamination or other nature, located at a distance of uptake and deeper,
duly anchored to the
seabed.
7.- Fattening ponds according to claim No. 6 - CHARACTERIZED on that the
feeding cycle of the crop is permanent by prolonging daylight artificially
provided in the top of
each pool so that the fish extend their feeding cycle beyond that which occurs
in its natural
environment, which then causes increased viewing time, and consequently,
finished in shorter
time than those of their natural life.
8.- Fattening ponds according to all previous claims, CHARACTERIZED on that
No.
1 to No. 7 above, which in acting and following the procedures in each one of
them will lead to a
system and method of raising and fattening of fish in optimum hygiene
conditions, food and grow
in times and periods of the year and lower and different from those of the
nature of the species in
breeding.

Description

CA 02750569 2011-07-22
MARINE FISH FARMING FOR FATTENING FISH IN PONDS OR POOLS ON LAND
IN AN ASEPTIC AND CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT.
The present invention is related to a fish farming, for industrial fish
farming in intensive
system on ponds or pools prepared on ground obtaining multiple benefits such
as optimal
productivity, maximum fish quality, simplification of operative and logistic
systems and others,
arising from actual methods of farming in sea concessions, marine zones called
farm or fish
farms suitable for such purposes.
INVENTION BACKGROUND
Technics used at present in the field of aquaculture, what is commonly called
"farming
centres", "sea concessions" or "marine farms" for the stage of fattening fish
in captivity have
been developed to date by the system of floating cages and nets anchored to
the seabed.
This system consists in containing the fish in these ponds, cages and large
area networks
at high densities where they are fed until they reach the state of commercial
feedlot, in that state
are harvested for sale.
Obviously, the productivity of this system is subject to weather patterns,
pollution and fish
diseases, the site's natural light, pollution and sea temperatures, attacks
from sea lions and birds,
supplying logistics and others.
There is, therefore, no question of the preponderance of imponderables when
faced with
this risky traditional breeding and cultivation system.
In countries with greater tradition in marine aquaculture, such as Japan,
Norway and at
this moment, Chile, began installing small floating cages in protected areas,
bays, fjords, etc..,
however the limitations of water pollution, waste concentration, lack of
oxygen, temperature
fluctuations of the sea and atmospheric upwelling algae, etc., forced to seek
protected areas, more
remote, more distant, in the case of Chile, more southern, following which the
operating costs
have increased exponentially.
Trend observed in the countries listed above is, where aquaculture has been
developed
more, consists in growing more and larger cages in less protected areas, with
designs capable of
withstanding the dynamic forces present in these, in high concentrations of
fish with the risk of

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disease, pollution of the seabed and its putrefaction affecting the culture
system, weakening the
oxygen and poisoning with the production of hydrogen sulfide.
Aquaculture is strongly affecting the eco-system, makes species migrate or
disappear
inhabiting marine environments and backgrounds.
Thus, the problems outlined above, adding the fact that fish need to live in a
clean sea and
of course a friendly habitat as possible, shows that the current operating
conditions are not right,
because more problems arise, no less important than the foregoing.
In the case of Chile, the farms are being installed more and more southern
waters, where
the surface layer of water and due to solar radiation, conditions are more
conductive to algae
growth, which tend to clog the network grids determinant of habitat for fish
which ensure an
appropriate level of oxygenation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The marine fish for fish farming in ponds or pools, which the invention
proposes for the
purposes of being patented, has been designed to carry out fish farming by an
intensive system on
land, satisfying the above issues in the current system of cultivation, not
being affected by
adverse weather patterns, atmospheric variables and sea temperature, avoiding
contamination of
the seabed, fish diseases, algae blooms, attacks from wolves and birds, solar
radiation, etc.
notwithstanding the economic benefits associated with this invention .
To that end and specifically, the proposed fish farming offers structural
features such as
ponds or pools that are significantly protected on land, located near the
shoreline, above the sea
level, relating these pools with structural facilities which completely
isolate them from the
environment, resulting in optimal stability of the process at every event and
not affecting the
marine or land ecosystem.
More specifically and according to a preferred embodiment in a pilot plant, a
fish farm or
feedlot on land for fish in ponds or pools is materialized by cylindrical
geometrical of half-sphere
pools or ponds, in a proportional size to the amount or density of fish per
cubic meter of
containing water, under permanent control of water temperature, the proportion
of oxygen
dissolved in it, controlled atmosphere temperature, sunlight and artificial
light. Where these
variables can be controlled at will, for better performance and productivity
of crop species. The
effects achieved are optimal, standardizing the natural habitat of fish. The
controlled atmosphere

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environment and aseptic is achieved structurally in a barn closed perimeter
with thermo panels,
aseptic floor and transparent roof. Clean production.
Controlling temperatures, both water and atmosphere is measured by sensors
located on
the top of the pool and plunged into the water. The regulation of water
temperature is obtained
through a coil installed outside the aseptic area and before distributing
water to the pools, room
temperature with an electronic room sensor thermometer. Both sensors feed
information to the
control centre. Temperatures range in ranges according to the species in
cultivation.
The water that feeds the pool is obtained from the sea by pumps that push
water through
piping, and before contacting the fish is sanitized using ultra violet
filters, preventing pollution of
fish because of water, so the volume of water pushed through the piping will
be sufficiently rich
in oxygen and free of algae before contacting the fish.
The amount of water entering the pools is the same that leaves, flow measured
in cubic
meters per second, returned to the sea clean and free of sediments where
contaminants are treated
in a sterile plant, in this case used a biological plant Vermiculture or
biofilters type.
For feeding fish pellets are used, injected directly into the incoming water
piping, now
directly to each pool independent one from the other. Its mass is measured in
kilos per second,
dosed for each school of fish that are arranged and selected according to
their body weight. The
uneaten food is removed from the bottom of ponds or pools by sucking barracuda
type, the same
procedure for organic sediments.
Feeding is endlessly 24 hours a day, this is achieved through the application
of natural
light during the day and artificial light at night, with this system, gains
body weight by obtaining
a suitable and accepted industrial products to market in record time below the
traditional system
of fish cages in marine centres.
This method and farming system invention also allows cultivation of fish
industrially fit to
be sold to the highest degree of quality during 12 months of the year, which
at present with the
traditional system is impossible to obtain. It was determined that deaths due
to infectious causes
disappear, same result for mortality caused by nature.

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DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
To complement the description being made and in order to help better
understanding the
features of the invention, attached herein as an important part of it, a set
of drawings in which an
illustrative and non limiting character, is shown as follows:
FIG. I .- shows a schematic side elevation or plan of cutting a fish farming
centre on the
ground, made according to the object of this invention which is reflected in
the various
equipments that comprise it.
FIG. 2 .- shows a schematic elevation plane or floor plan of a fish farming
centre on the
ground, made according to the object of this invention which includes the
location of the various
equipments that comprise them.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
In view of Figures 1 and 2, you can see how a fish farm or fish fat ground
pool consists
mainly of half-sphere geometrical, its structure built in a blend of polyester
resin reinforced with
fiberglass and into the ground, self-supporting, at half height for better
control, security and
handling of fish. The dimensions are determined by their population density.
In Figure 1 .- These pools receive water flow by air and pelleted feed for
fish injected
directly into the piping of water flow, through this same flow regulates its
oxygenation, relevant
and vital to the survival of fish. The water is delivered through a nose cone,
which allows for
optimal oxygen-rich delivery and excellent food spray. Lower part displays the
piping that draws
water from the pools.
The structure that isolates from the means, is a sealed warehouse capable of
reproducing
the natural habitat of fish, the least invasive as possible and aseptic.
In Figure 2.- shows the alignment arrangement of the pools for a better
control and
handling of fish. The air disposition of piping is symmetrical and equidistant
from each other in
order to properly distribute food and water flows in each of the pools, these
may be as many as
the market demands in production. The interior spaces are broad in order not
to hinder the proper
management of the operations carried out by plant personnel.
The plant contains only aseptic elements, the rest of the equipment and
services is
distributed outside.

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Broiler farms and fish on the ground may be installed in any area where a
political-
economic decision requires. It only takes one field with a sea front. They are
relatively simple
structures, where the correct application of the variables for the
reproduction of each species is
most relevant.

Dessin représentatif