Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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FABRIC ENHANCER COMPOSITIONS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to fabric enhancer compositions and methods of
making same.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Fabric enhancers are used to enhance the feel, smell and appearance of
laundered fabrics.
Thus, such compositions contain a variety of benefit agents. Such benefit
agents tend to be
expensive and may bring unwanted properties to laundered fabrics. Thus, what
is needed is a
fabric enhancer that efficiently uses such benefit agents and that minimizes
any unwanted side
effects of such benefit agents.
Applicants recognized that the softness and absorbency of a fabric that was
treated with a
fabric enhancer active were inversely proportional. Thus, Applicants realized
that in order to
improve softness and absorbency simultaneously, the efficiency of such active
needed to be
increased. In short, a more efficient fabric enhancer active and process of
making the fabric
enhancer was required,
Thus, Applicants provides improved fabric enhancers and processes of making
and using
same.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to fabric enhancer compositions and methods of
making same.
Such compositions employ an efficient active and a process that further boosts
the efficiency of
such active. Such compositions provide the desired feel, smell and appearance
without increased
negatives such as decreased absorbency.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Definitions
As used herein, the term "situs" includes paper products, fabrics, and
garments.
As used herein, the article such as "a", "an", and "the" when used in a claim,
are
understood to mean one or more of what is claimed or described.
Unless otherwise noted, all component or composition levels are in reference
to the active
level of that component or composition, and are exclusive of impurities, for
example, residual
solvents or by-products, which may be present in commercially available
sources.
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All percentages and ratios are calculated by weight unless otherwise
indicated. All
percentages and ratios are calculated based on the total composition unless
otherwise indicated.
It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation given
throughout this
specification includes every lower numerical limitation, as if such lower
numerical limitations
were expressly written herein. Every minimum numerical limitation given
throughout this
specification will include every higher numerical limitation, as if such
higher numerical
limitations were expressly written herein. Every numerical range given
throughout this
specification will include every narrower numerical range that falls within
such broader
numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly
written herein.
Fabric Enhancer Compositions
As taught by the present specification, including the examples included
herein, the fabric
enhancers disclosed herein may be used to soften a situs.
In one aspect the Fabric Enhancer composition of the present invention may
comprise
based on total composition weight:
a) from about 0.0 1 % to about 95%, preferably from about 1.0% to about 90%,
more preferably from about 5.0% to about 25% of a softening active comprising
a material selected from the group consisting of polyglycerol esters, oily
sugar
derivatives, wax emulsions, N, N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl
ammonium chloride, N,N-bis(tallowoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl ammonium
chloride, N,N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N-(2 hydroxyethyl) N-methyl ammonium
methylsulfate, fatty acid glycerides, N, N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-
diisopropyl ammonium methylsulfate, N,N-bis(tallowoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-
diisopropyl ammonium methylsulfate, and mixtures thereof;
b) from about 0.001% to about 15%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 1.0%,
more preferably from about 0. 1% to about 0.5% by weight of a polymer
selected from a cationic polymer or a mixture of a cationic and a nonionic
polymer;
c) from about 0.01% to about 95%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 30%,
more preferably from about 0.5% to about 15% of a softening active that
comprises an organosilicone which can be selected from polydimethylsiloxanes,
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aminosilicones, cationic silicones, silicone polyethers, cyclic silicones,
silicone
resins, and mixtures thereof;
d) from about 0.00 1% to about 20% of an encapsulate; the encapsulate
comprises a
core, a wall having an outer surface and a optional coating, said wall
encapsulating said core, said optional coating coating the outer surface of
said
wall; and
e) optionally, from about 0.001% to about 20% of a neat perfume oil.
Fabric Softening Active Compounds - Compositions of the present invention may
contain
softening actives comprising a material selected from the group consisting of
quaternized amines,
polyglycerol esters, oily sugar derivatives, wax emulsions, fatty acid
glycerides, and mixtures
thereof;
A first type of fabric softening active comprises, as the principal active,
compounds of the
formula
{R(4-m) - N+ - [(CH2)n - Y - R I].) X- (1)
wherein each R substituent is either hydrogen, a short chain C1-C6, in one
aspect C1-C3 alkyl or
hydroxyalkyl group, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like,
poly (C2-3 alkoxy),
in one aspect polyethoxy, benzyl, or mixtures thereof; each in is 2 or 3; each
n is from 1 to about
4, in one aspect 2; each Y is -O-(O)C-, -C(O)-O-, -NR-C(O)-, or -C(O)-NR-; the
sum of carbons
in each R1, plus one when Y is -O-(O)C- or -NR-C(O) -, is C12-C22, in one
aspect C14-C20,
with each R1 being a hydrocarbyl, or substituted hydrocarbyl group, and X- can
be any softener-
compatible anion, in one aspect, chloride, bromide, methylsulfate,
ethylsulfate, sulfate, and
nitrate, in one aspect chloride or methyl sulfate;
A second type of fabric softening active has the general formula:
[R3N+CH2CH(YR1)(CH2YR1)] X-
wherein each Y, R, R1, and X- have the same meanings as before. Such compounds
include
those having the formula:
[CH3]3 N(+)[CH2CH(CH2O(O)CR1)O(O)CR 1] C( (2)
wherein each R is a methyl or ethyl group and in one aspect each R1 is in the
range of C15 to
C 19. As used herein, when the diester is specified, it can include the
monoester that is present.
These types of agents and general methods of making them are disclosed in U.S.
Pat. No.
4,137,180, Naik et at., issued Jan. 30, 1979, which is incorporated herein by
reference. An
example of a suitable DEQA (2) is the "propyl" ester quaternary ammonium
fabric softener
active having the formula 1,2-di(acyloxy)-3-trimethylammoniopropane chloride.
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A third type of suitable fabric softening active has the formula:
[R4-m - N+ - Rlm] X- (3)
wherein each R, R1, and X- have the same meanings as before.
A fourth type of suitable fabric softening active has the formula:
/ N CH2
O R1 C I ]A-
N-CH
2
11 \
R
l C G R2,-'
R (4)
wherein each R and Rlhave the definitions given above, and A- can be any
softener-compatible
anion or X" as defined above; each R2 is a C 1-6 alkylene group, in one aspect
an ethylene group;
and G is an oxygen atom or an -NR- group;
A fifth type of suitable fabric softening active has the formula:
~N-CH2
Rl-C
N-CH2
RI-C-G_R' (5)
wherein R 1, R2 and G are defined as above.
A sixth type of suitable fabric softening active are condensation reaction
products of fatty
acids with dialkylenetriamines in, e.g., a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said
reaction products
containing compounds of the formula:
Rl-C(O)--NH R2-NH R3 NH-C(O)-R1 (6)
wherein R1, R2 are defined as above, and each R3 is a C1-6 alkylene group, in
one aspect an
ethylene group and wherein the reaction products may optionally be quaternized
by the
additional of an alkylating agent such as dimethyl sulfate. Such quaternized
reaction products
are described in additional detail in U.S. Patent No. 5,296,622, issued Mar.
22, 1994 to Uphues et
al., which is incorporated herein by reference;
A seventh type of suitable fabric softening active has the formula:
[R1-C(O)--NR-R2-N(R)2 R3 NR-C(O)-R1]+A- (7)
wherein R, R1, R2, R3 and A- are defined as above;
An eighth type of suitable fabric softening active are reaction products of
fatty acid with
hydroxyalkylalkylenediamines in a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said reaction
products
containing compounds of the formula:
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RI-C(O)-NH-R2-N(R3OH)-C(O)-RI (8)
wherein RI, R2 and R3 are defined as above;
A ninth type of suitable fabric softening active has the formula:
R R
NLR2_V
N 2AO
R1 R1
(9)
5 wherein R, RI, R2, and A- are defined as above.
Non-limiting examples of compound (1) are N,N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-
dimethyl
ammonium chloride, N,N-bis(tallowoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl ammonium
chloride, N,N-
bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N-(2 hydroxyethyl) N-methyl ammonium methylsulfate,
fatty acid
glycerides, N, N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-diisopropyl ammonium
methylsulfate, and N,N-
10 bis(tallowoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-diisopropyl ammonium methylsulfate.
A Non-limiting example of compound (2) is 1,2-di(stearoyl-oxy)-3-
trimethylammoniumpropane chloride.
Non-limiting examples of Compound (3) are dialkylenedimethylammonium salts
such as
dicanoladimethylammonium chloride, di(hard)tallowdimethylammonium chloride
15 dicanoladimethylammonium methylsulfate and 2-
ethylhexylstearyldimenthylammonium
chloride. An example of commercially available dialkylenedimethylammonium
salts usable in
the present invention is dioleyldimethylammonium chloride available from
Evonic (Witco)
Corporation under the trade name Adogen 472 and dihardtallow dimethylammonium
chloride
available from Akzo Nobel Arquad 2HT75.
20 A non-limiting example of Compound (4) is 1-methyl-l-stearoylamidoethyl-2-
stearoylimidazolinium methylsulfate wherein R1 is an acyclic aliphatic C15-C17
hydrocarbon
group, R2 is an ethylene group, G is a NH group, R5 is a methyl group and A-
is a methyl sulfate
anion, available commercially from the Evonick (Witco) Corporation under the
trade name
Varisoft .
A non-limiting example of Compound (5) is 1-tallowylamidoethyl-2-
tallowylimidazoline
wherein RI is an acyclic aliphatic C15-C17 hydrocarbon group, R2 is an
ethylene group, and G
is a NH group.
A non-limiting example of Compound (6) is the reaction products of fatty acids
with
diethylenetriamine in a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said reaction product
mixture containing
N,N"-dialkyldiethylenetriamine with the formula:
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R 1-C(O)-NH-CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2-NH-C(O)-R1
wherein R1-C(O) is an alkyl group of a commercially available fatty acid
derived from a
vegetable or animal source, such as Emersol 223LL or Emersol 7021, available
from Henkel
Corporation, and R2 and R3 are divalent ethylene groups.
A non-limiting example of Compound (7) is a difatty amidoamine based softener
having
the formula:
[R1-C(O)-NH-CH2CH2-N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH)-CH2CH2-NH-C(O)-R1]+ CH3SO4-
wherein R1-C(O) is an alkyl group, available commercially from the Evonik
(Witco)
Corporation e.g. under the trade name Varisoft 222LT.
An example of Compound (8) is the reaction products of fatty acids with N-2-
hydroxyethylethylenediamine in a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said reaction
product mixture
containing a compound of the formula:
R1 -C(O)-NH-CH2CH2-N(CH2CH2OH)-C(O)-R 1
wherein R1-C(O) is an alkyl group of a commercially available fatty acid
derived from a
vegetable or animal source, such as Emersol 223LL or Emersol 7021, available
from Henkel
Corporation.
An example of Compound (9) is the diquaternary compound having the formula:
20+
CH3 CH3 N-CH2CH2-N 2CH3SO40
NR1 ~ N
R1
wherein R1 is derived from fatty acid, and the compound is available from
Witco Company.
It will be understood that combinations of softener actives disclosed above
are suitable
for use in this invention.
Anion A
In the cationic nitrogenous salts herein, the anion A- , which is any softener
compatible
anion, provides electrical neutrality. Most often, the anion used to provide
electrical neutrality in
these salts is from a strong acid, especially a halide, such as chloride,
bromide, or iodide.
However, other anions can be used, such as methylsulfate, ethylsulfate,
acetate, formate, sulfate,
carbonate, and the like. Chloride and methylsulfate are suitable herein as
anion A. The anion can
also, but less preferably, carry a double charge in which case A- represents
half a group.
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Fats, oils, waxes and Silicones - The composition can comprise of fats, oils,
waxes and
silicones. Non-limiting examples of fats include vegetable oils, tallow, lard,
marine oils,
synthetic oils and mixtures thereof. The fats may be fractionated, partially
or fully
hydrogenated, and/ or interesterified. Vegetable sources for oils may include
coconut, corn,
cottonseed, grape seed, peanut, olive, palm, rapeseed, sesame, soybean and
sunflower. Examples
of fats are milk, butter, Vaseline, paraffin, lanolin and silicon oils. Waxes
that may be used are
sipol wax, lanolin wax, beeswax, candelilla wax, microcrystalline wax, and
silicone wax.
Suitable silicones comprise Si-O moieties and may be selected from (a) non-
functionalized
siloxane polymers, (b) functionalized siloxane polymers, and combinations
thereof. The
molecular weight of the organosilicone is usually indicated by the reference
to the viscosity of
the material. In one aspect, the organosilicones may comprise a viscosity of
from about 10 to
about 2,000,000 centistokes at 25 C. In another aspect, suitable
organosilicones may have a
viscosity of from about 10 to about 800,000 centistokes at 25 C.
In one aspect the organosilicone has a structure selected from:
[R1R2R3SiO1/2]0+2)[(R4Si(X-Z)O2/2]k[R4R4SiO2f2]m[R4S1O3t2]'
j is an integer from 0 to about 98; in one aspect j is an integer
from 0 to about 48; in one aspect, j is 0;
k is an integer from 0 to about 200; when k = 0, at least one
of R1, R2 or R3= -X-Z, in one aspect, k is an integer from 0
to about 50
m is an integer from 4 to about 5,000; in one aspect m is an
integer from about 10 to about 4,000; in another aspect m is
an integer from about 50 to about 2,000;
R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group
consisting of H, OH, C1-C32 alkyl, C1-C32 substituted alkyl, C5-C32
or C6-C32 aryl, C5-C32 or C6-C32 substituted aryl, C6-C32 alkylaryl,
C6-C32 substituted alkylaryl, C1-C32 alkoxy, C1-C32 substituted
alkoxy and X-Z;
each R4 is independently selected from the group consisting of H,
OH, C1-C32 alkyl, C1-C32 substituted alkyl, CS-C32 or C6-C32 aryl,
C5-C32 or C6-C32 substituted aryl, C6-C32 alkylaryl, C6-C32
substituted alkylaryl, C1-C32 alkoxy and C1-C32 substituted alkoxy;
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each X comprises of a divalent alkylene radical comprising 2-12
carbon atoms; At least one Z in the said organosiloxane is selected
OT
I
CH2-CH-CH2-O~R5
from the group consisting of R5; V
CH20T OT i H2OT
-~CH-CH2-O R5; -CH2-CH-CII2-R5; -CH-CH2--R5;
O
0 0 R5 0 0 H ~
II II 1 if 5
-C-R5; -C-CH-C-R5; -C-N-RS; OR
OH T
~ OT R5
-CHZ CH-CH2 N-R6 A- õT
R6 R5; RS; each
additional Z in said organosilicone is independently selected from the
group comprising of H, C1-C32 alkyl, CI-C32 substituted alkyl, C5-C32
or C6-C32 aryl, C5-C32 or C6-C32 substituted aryl, C6-C32 alkylaryl,
OT
4CH2-CH-CH2-O)R5
C6-C32 substituted alkylaryl, R5, v ; each R5
is independently selected from the group consisting of H; CI-C32
alkyl; CI-C32 substituted alkyl, C5-C32 or C6-C32 aryl, C5-C32 or C6-
C32 substituted aryl or C6-C32 alkylaryl, or C6-C32 substituted
alkylaryl,
-(CHR6-CHR6-O-),,-CHR6-CHR6-L and siloxyl residue wherein
each L is independently selected from -O-C(O)-R7 or -O-R7;
17 H> H'" / v
N-R7; HI''HJ and H H
w is an integer from 0 to about 500, in one aspect w is an integer
from 0 to about 200, one aspect w is an integer from 0 to about 50;
each R6 is independently selected from H or CI-C18 alkyl;
each R7 is independently selected from the group consisting of H; CI-
C32 alkyl; C1-C32 substituted alkyl, C5-C32 or C6-C32 aryl, C5-C32 or
C6-C32 substituted aryl, C6-C32 alkylaryl, and C6-C32 substituted aryl,
and a siloxyl residue;
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OT
I
CH2-CH-CH2-OYRS
each T is independently selected from H; v
H2OT
OT i H2OT
-fCH-CH2-O'f,-R5; -CH2-CH-CH2-R5;-CH-CH2-R5
wherein each v in said organosilicone is an integer from 1 to about
10, in one aspect, v is an integer from 1 to about 5 and the sum of all
v indices in each Z in the said organosilicone is an integer from 1 to
about 30 or from 1 to about 20 or even from 1 to about 10.
CH20T OT i CH20T
_fCH-CH2-OR5; -CH2-CH-CH2-R5; -CH-CH2-R5;
0
0 II o R5 0 II 1 1OR5 11 1 -C-R5. -C--CH-C-R5= -C-N-R5;
OH R
N6 T
-CH2 CH-CH2 -R6 A' OT QT i s
N
R6 R5 RS
Encapsulate - The composition may comprise encapsulates. Suitable encapsulates
include
perfume microcapsules comprising a shell that encapsulates a core. Said core
comprising one or
more benefit agents. Said benefit agent may include materials selected from
the group consisting
of perfumes such as 3-(4-t-butylphenyl)-2-methyl propanal, 3-(4-t-butylphenyl)-
propanal, 3-(4-
isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal, 3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-
methylpropanal, and 2,6-
dimethyl-5-heptenal, a-damascone, p-damascone, 5-damascone, (3-damascenone,
6,7-dihydro-
1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-4(5H)-indanone, methyl-7,3-dihydro-2H- 1,5-
benzodioxepine-3 -one, 2-[2-
(4-methyl-3-cyclohexenyl-1-yl)propyl]cyclopentan-2-one, 2-sec-
butylcyclohexanone, and 0-
dihydro ionone, linalool, ethyllinalool, tetrahydrolinalool, and
dihydromyrcenol; silicone oils;
paraffins; skin care actives; sensates; waxes such as polyethylene waxes;;
essential oils such as
fish oils, jasmine, camphor, lavender; skin coolants such as menthol, methyl
lactate; vitamins
such as Vitamin A and E; sunscreens; glycerine; catalysts such as manganese
catalysts or bleach
catalysts; bleach particles such as perborates; silicon dioxide particles;
antiperspirant actives;
cationic polymers and mixtures thereof. Suitable benefit agents can be
obtained from Givaudan
Corp. of Mount Olive, New Jersey, USA, International Flavors & Fragrances
Corp. of South
Brunswick, New Jersey, USA, or Quest Corp. of Naarden, Netherlands. Said shell
comprises a
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material selected from the group consisting of polyethylenes; polyamides;
polystyrenes;
polyisoprenes; polycarbonates; polyesters; polyacrylates; aminoplasts, in one
aspect said
aminoplast comprises a polyureas, polyurethane, and/or polyureaurethane, in
one aspect said
polyurea comprises polyoxymethyleneurea and/or melamine formaldehyde;
polyolefins;
5 polysaccharides, in one aspect alginate and/or chitosan; gelatin; shellac;
epoxy resins; vinyl
polymers; water insoluble inorganics; silicone; melamine formaldehyde and/or
cross linked
melamine formaldehyde; poly(acrylic acid) and poly(acrylic acid-co-butyl
acrylate), and
mixtures thereof.
10 In one aspect, said encapsulate may comprise a coating that coats said
shell wherein said
encapsulate's coating to shell ratio is from about 1:200 to about 1:2. Said
coating providing
additional benefits that may include enhancing the deposition characteristics
of the encapsulate
and/or the encapsulate's benefit agent. In one aspect, said coating may
comprise one or more
efficiency polymers wherein said one or more efficiency polymers having an
average molecular
mass from about 1,000 Da to about 50,000,000 Da, are selected from the group
consisting of
polyvinyl amines, polyvinyl formamides, and polyallyl amines and copolymers
thereof. In one
aspect, said efficiency polymer has a hydrolysis degree, when said efficiency
polymer is a
polyvinyl formamide, of from about 5% to about 95%, and/or a charge density
from about 1
meq/g efficiency polymer to about 23 meq/g efficiency polymer. In one aspect,
said encapsulate
may be a perfume microcapsule that has a shell comprising melamine
formaldehyde and/or an
acrylate and a core that comprises perfume. Said perfume microcapsule may
comprise an
optional coating listed above.
Perfumes - The composition may optionally comprise a neat perfume oil which
may include
materials selected from the group consisting of perfumes such as 3-(4-t-
butylphenyl)-2-methyl
propanal, 3-(4-t-butylphenyl)-propanal, 3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-2-
methylpropanal, 3-(3,4-
methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanal, and 2,6-dimethyl-5-heptenal, a-
damascone, 0-
damascone, S-damascone, (3-damascenone, 6,7-dihydro-1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-
4(5H)-indanone,
methyl-7,3-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepine-3-one, 2-[2-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexenyl-
l -
yl)propyl]cyclopentan-2-one, 2-sec-butylcyclohexanone, and (3-dihydro ionone,
linalool,
ethyllinalool, tetrahydrolinalool, and dihydromyrcenol.
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In another aspect, the optional neat perfume component may comprise a
component selected
from the group consisting of
(1) a perfume microcapsule, or a moisture-activated perfume microcapsule,
comprising
a perfume carrier and an encapsulated perfume composition, wherein said
perfume
carrier may be selected from the group consisting of cyclodextrins, starch
microcapsules, porous carrier microcapsules, and mixtures thereof; and wherein
said
encapsulated perfume composition may comprise low volatile perfume
ingredients,
high volatile perfume ingredients, and mixtures thereof;
(2) a pro-perfume;
(3) a low odor detection threshold perfume ingredients, wherein said low odor
detection
threshold perfume ingredients may comprise less than about 25%, by weight of
the
total neat perfume composition; and mixtures thereof;
Cationic Polymers - In the present invention cationic polymers are cationic or
amphoteric
polymer with a net cationic charge, i.e. the total cationic charges on these
polymers will exceed
the total anionic charge. The cationic charge density of the polymer typically
ranges from about
0.05 milliequivalents/g to about 23 milliequivalents/g. The charge density is
calculated by
dividing the number of net charge per repeating unit by the molecular weight
of the repeating
unit. The positive charges could be on the backbone of the polymers or the
side chains of
polymers. Nonlimiting examples of cationic or amphoteric polymers include
polysaccharides,
proteins and synthetic polymers.
a. Cationic Polysaccharides:
Cationic polysaccharides include but not limited to cationic cellulose
derivatives, cationic
guar gum derivatives, chitosan and derivatives and cationic starches. Cationic
polysaccharides
have a molecular weight from about 20,000 to about 2 million, in one aspect
from about 100,000
to about 1,500,000.
One group of cationic polysaccharides is shown in Structural Formula I as
follows:
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r R1OH2C R4
0
R4 0
R4
R30 R4 R4 OR2
STRUCTURAL FORMULA I
Alkyl substitution on the saccharide rings of the polymer range from about
0.01% to 5%
per sugar unit, more preferably from about 0.05% to 2% per glucose unit, of
the polymeric
material.
Wherein R', R2, R3 are each independently H, C1_24 alkyl (linear or branched),
R5
-(-CH2CH-O1 Rx
wherein n is from about 0 to about 10; Rx is H, C1_24 alkyl (linear or
branched) or
OH R7
-CH2CHCH2-N R9 Z
18
R or mixtures thereof, wherein Z is a water soluble anion, in one aspect
chloride, bromide iodide, hydroxide, phosphate sulfate, methyl sulfate and
acetate; R5 is selected
from H, or C1-C6 alkyl or mixtures thereof, R7, R8 and R9 are selected from H,
or C1-C28 alkyl,
benzyl or substituted benzyl or mixtures thereof
R4 is H or -(P)m H , or mixtures thereof; wherein P is a repeat unit of an
addition polymer
formed by a cationic monomer.
Cationic polysaccharides include cationic hydroxyalkyl celluloses. Examples of
cationic
hydroxyalkyl cellulose include those with the INCI name PolyquaterniumlO such
as those sold
under the trade names Ucare Polymer JR 30M, JR 400, JR 125, LR 400 and LK 400
polymers;
Polyquaternium 67 sold under the trade name Softcat SK '"', all of which are
marketed
byAmerchol Corporation Edgewater NJ; and Polyquaternium 4 sold under the trade
name
Celquat H200 and Celquat L-200 available from National Starch and Chemical
Company,
Bridgewater, NJ. Other suitable polysaccharides include Hydroxyethyl cellulose
or
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hydoxypropylcellulose quatemized with glycidyl C12-C22 alkyl dimethyl ammonium
chloride.
Examples of such polysaccahrides include the polymers with the INCI names
Polyquaternium 24
sold under the trade name Quaternium LM 200, PG-Hydroxyethylcellulose
Lauryldimonium
Chloride sold under the trade name Crodacel LM, PG-Hydroxyethylcellulose
Cocodimonium
Chloride sold under the trade name Crodacel QM and , PG-Hydroxyethylcellulose
stearyldimonium Chloride sold under the trade name Crodacel QS and
alkyldimethylammonium
hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the cationic polymer comprises
cationic
starch. These are described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,135,451, col. 2, line 33 - col.
4, line 67. In
another embodiment, the cationic starch of the present invention comprises
amylose at a level of
from about 0% to about 70% by weight of the cationic starch. In yet another
embodiment, when
the cationic starch comprises cationic maize starch, said cationic starch
comprises from about
25% to about 30% amylose, by weight of the cationic starch. The remaining
polymer in the
above embodiments comprises amylopectin.
A third group of suitable polysaccharides are cationic galactomanans, such as
cationic
guar gums or cationic locust bean gum. Example of cationic guar gum is a
quaternary
ammonium derivative of Hydroxypropyl Guar sold under the trade name Jaguar C
13 and Jaguar
Excel available from Rhodia, Inc of Cranburry NJ and N-Hance by Aqualon,
Wilmington, DE.
b. Synthetic Cationic Polymers
Cationic polymers in general and their method of manufacture are known in the
literature. The
Molecular weight of these polymers is in the range of about 2,000 to about 5
million or greater.
In one embodiment, the cationic monomer is selected from
methacrylamidotrimethylammonium chloride, dimethyl diallyl ammonium having the
formula:
N+
H3C CH3
which results in a polymer or co-polymer having units with the formula:
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14
(D Z
N
H3C \CH3
wherein Z' is a water-soluble anion, preferably chloride, bromide iodide,
hydroxide,
phosphate sulfate, methyl sulfate and acetate or mixtures thereof and repeat
units is from about
to about 50,000.
5
i. Addition Polymers
Synthetic polymers include but are not limited to synthetic addition polymers
of the general
structure
R1 R2
C-C
R1 Z
10 wherein R', R2, and Z are defined herein below. In one aspect, the linear
polymer units
are formed from linearly polymerizing monomers. Linearly polymerizing monomers
are defined
herein as monomers which under standard polymerizing conditions result in a
linear or branched
polymer chain or alternatively which linearly propagate polymerization. The
linearly
polymerizing monomers of the present invention have the formula:
R1 R2
C=C
R Z ;
however, those of skill in the art recognize that many useful linear monomer
units are
introduced indirectly, inter alia, vinyl amine units, vinyl alcohol units, and
not by way of linearly
polymerizing monomers. For example, vinyl acetate monomers once incorporated
into the
backbone are hydrolyzed to form vinyl alcohol units. For the purposes of the
present invention,
linear polymer units may be directly introduced, i.e. via linearly
polymerizing units, or indirectly,
i.e. via a precursor as in the case of vinyl alcohol cited herein above.
Each R' is independently hydrogen, C1-C12 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted
phenyl, substituted
or unsubstituted benzyl, -ORa, or -C(O)ORa wherein R. is selected from
hydrogen, and C1-C24
alkyl and mixtures thereof. In one aspect R1 is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, or -
ORa, or - C(O)ORa
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Each R2 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, halogen, C1-C12 alkyl, -ORe,
substituted or
unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, carbocyclic,
heterocyclic, and mixtures
thereof. In one aspect, R2 is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, and mixtures thereof.
Each Z is independently hydrogen, halogen; linear or branched Cl-C30 alkyl,
nitrilo, N(R3)2 -
5 C(O)N(R3)2; -NHCHO (formamide);
-OR3, -O(CH2)nN(R3)2, -O(CH2)nN+(R3)3X-' - C(O)OR4; -C(O)N-(R3)2
-C(O)O(CH2),,N(R3)2, -C(O)O(CH2)nN+(R3)3X -OCO(CH2),,N(R3)2, -
000(CH2)nN+(R3)3X ,
-C(O)NH-(CH2)nN(R3)2, -C(O)NH(CH2)nN+(R3)3X -, -(CH2)nN(R3)2, -(CH2)nN+(R3)3X
10 each R3 is independently hydrogen, C1-C24 alkyl, C2-C8 hydroxyalkyl,
benzyl; substituted
benzyl and mixtures thereof;
R
each R4 is independently hydrogen or C1-C24 alkyl, and ~C"'"-O}m'
X is a water soluble anion; the index n is from 1 to 6.
R5 is independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl,
15 and mixtures thereof
Z can also be selected from non-aromatic nitrogen heterocycle comprising a
quaternary
ammonium ion, heterocycle comprising an N-oxide moiety, an aromatic nitrogen
containing
heterocyclic wherein one or more or the nitrogen atoms is quaternized; an
aromatic nitrogen
containing heterocycle wherein at least one nitrogen is an N-oxide; or
mixtures thereof. Non-
limiting examples of addition polymerizing monomers comprising a heterocyclic
Z unit includes
1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 1-vinylimidazole, quaternized vinyl imidazole, 2-
vinyl-1,3-dioxolane, 4-
vinyl-l-cyclohexene1,2-epoxide, and 2-vinylpyridine, 2-vinylpyridine N-oxide,
4-vinylpyridine
4-vinylpyridine N-oxide.
A non-limiting example of a Z unit which can be made to form a cationic charge
in situ is the -
NHCHO unit, formamide. The formulator can prepare a polymer or co-polymer
comprising
formamide units some of which are subsequently hydrolyzed to form vinyl amine
equivalents.
The polymers and co-polymers of the present invention comprise Z units which
have a cationic charge or which result in a unit which forms a cationic charge
in situ. When the
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16
co-polymers of the present invention comprise more than one Z unit, for
example, Z1, 22,...Z
units, at least about 1% of the monomers which comprise the co-polymers will
comprise a
cationic unit.
The polymers or co-polymers of the present invention can comprise one or more
cyclic polymer units which are derived from cyclically polymerizing monomers.
Cyclically
polymerizing monomers are defined herein as monomers which under standard
polymerizing
conditions result in a cyclic polymer residue as well as serving to linearly
propagate
polymerization. Suitable cyclically polymerizing monomers of the present
invention have the
formula:
R 4
I
R4-N R5
Rs
wherein each R4 is independently an olefin comprising unit which is capable of
propagating polymerization in addition to forming a cyclic residue with an
adjacent R4 unit; R5 is
C1-C12 linear or branched alkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, and mixtures
thereof; X is a water
soluble anion.
Non-limiting examples of R4 units include allyl and alkyl substituted allyl
units.
In one aspect the resulting cyclic residue is a six-member ring comprising a
quaternary nitrogen
atom.
R5 is in one aspect C1-C4 alkyl, in one aspect methyl.
The polymers may be crosslinked. Examples of crosslinking monomers include but
not
limited to divinylbenzene, ethyleneglycoldiacrylate.
Nonlimiting examples of Suitable polymers according to the present invention
include
copolymers made from one or more cationic monomers selected from the group
consisting N,N-
dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, N,N-
dialkylaminoalkyl
acrylamide, N,N-dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide, quaternized N,N-
dialkylaminoalkyl
methacrylate, quatemized N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, quaternized N,N-
dialkylaminoalkyl
acrylamide, quaternized N,N-dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide, vinylamine and
its derivatives,
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17
allylamine and its derivatives, vinyl imidazole, quaternized vinyl imidazole
and diallyl dialkyl
ammonium chloride.
And optionally a second monomer selected from a group consisting of
acrylamide, N,N-
dialkyl acrylamide, methacrylamide, N,N-dialkylmethacrylamide, C1-C12 alkyl
acrylate, C1-C12
hydroxyalkyl acrylate, polyalkylene glyol acrylate, C1-C12 alkyl methacrylate,
C1-C12
hydroxyalkyl methacrylate, , polyalkylene glycol methacrylate, vinyl acetate,
vinyl alcohol,
vinyl formamide, vinyl amine, vinyl acetamide, vinyl alkyl ether, vinyl
pyridine, vinyl
pyrrolidone, vinyl imidazole and derivatives, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid,
maleic acid, vinyl
sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, acrylamidopropylmethane sulfonic acid
(AMPS) and their
salts
The polymer may optionally be cross-linked. Crosslinking monomers include, but
are not
limited to, ethylene glycoldiacrylatate, divinylbenzene, butadiene.
Suitable cationic monomers include N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl acrylate, N,N-
dimethyl
aminoethyl methacrylate (DMAM), [2-(methacryloylamino)ethyl]tri-methylammonium
chloride
(QDMAM), N,N-dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (DMAPA), N,N-dimethylaminopropyl
methacrylamide (DMAPMA), acrylamidopropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride,
methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride, quaternized vinyl imidazole
and
diallyldimethylammonium chloride and derivatives thereof.
Suitable second monomers include acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl acrylamide, C 1-C4
alkyl
acrylate, C1-C4 hydroxyalkylacrylate, vinyl formamide, vinyl acetate, and
vinyl alcohol. In one
aspect, suitable nonionic monomers are acrylamide, hydroxyethyl acrylate
(HEA),
hydroxypropyl acrylate and derivative thereof,
In another aspect suitable synthetic polymers include poly(acrylamide-co-
diallyldimethylammonium chloride), poly(acrylamide-
methacrylamidopropyltrimethyl
ammonium chloride), poly(acrylamide-co-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate),
poly(acrylamide-co-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate),
poly(hydroxyethylacrylate-co-
dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate), poly(hydroxpropylacrylate-co-dimethyl
aminoethyl
methacrylate), poly(hydroxpropylacrylate-co-
methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium
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18
chloride), poly(acrylamide-co-N,N,N-trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate ammonium
chloride),
poly(N,N,N-trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate ammonium chloride),
poly(acrylamide-co-N,N,N-
trimethylaminoethyl acrylate ammonium chloride), poly(N,N,N-
trimethylaminoethyl acrylate
ammonium chloride), poly(acrylamide-co-diallyldimethylammonium chloride-co-
acrylic acid),
poly(acrylamide-methacrylamidopropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride-co-acrylic
acid), and
mixtures thereof.
The polymers of the present invention can optionally contain a crosslinking
that include
but not limited to diethyleneglycol diacrylate, divinyl benzene and
tetrallylammonium chloride.
ii. Polyethyleneimine and its derivatives.
These are commercially available under the trade name Lupasol ex. BASF AG of
Ludwigshafen, Germany. In one embodiment, the polyethylene derivative is an
amide derivative
of polyetheyleneimine sold under the trade name Lupasol SK. Also included are
alkoxylated
polyethleneimine; alkyl polyethyleneimine and quaternized polyethyleneimine.
iii. Polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) Resins condensation products of
polyalkylenepolyamine with polycarboxyic acid. The most common PAE resins are
the
condensation products of diethylenetriamine with adipic acid followed by a
subsequent reaction
with epichlorohydrin. They are available from Hercules Inc. of Wilmington DE
under the trade
name Kymene or from BASF A.G. under the trade name Luresin.
Polymers that exhibit stable compositions of the present invention include but
not limited to
Rheovis CDE (BASF), Sedipur 544 (BASF), Sedipur 541 (BASF), and Flosoft 222
(SNF
Floerger).
Nonionic Polymers
The composition of the present invention may contain a nonionic polymer. Non-
limiting
examples of non-ionic polymers for use in the personal care composition
include methyl
hydroxypropyl cellulose, xanthan gum, alginate polysaccharide Gellan Gum
(Kelcogel from CP
Kelco), polysaccharide gum, hydroxyl propyl cellulose (Methocel from
Down/Amerchol),
hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (Klucel from Hercules), hydroxyl ethyl
cellulose, polyalkylene
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19
glycols, and mixtures thereof. Particularly useful non-ionic polymers include
polysaccharide
gum, hydroxyl propyl cellulose, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, or
combinations thereof.
Adjunct Materials For Consumer Products
While not essential for the purposes of the present invention, the non-
limiting list of
adjuncts illustrated hereinafter are suitable for use in the instant
compositions and may be
desirably incorporated in certain embodiments of the invention, for example to
assist or enhance
cleaning performance, for treatment of the substrate to be cleaned, or to
modify the aesthetics of
the cleaning composition as is the case with perfumes, colorants, dyes or the
like. . The precise
nature of these additional components, and levels of incorporation thereof,
will depend on the
physical form of the composition and the nature of the cleaning operation for
which it is to be
used. Suitable adjunct materials include, but are not limited to, surfactants,
builders, chelating
agents, dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants, enzymes, and enzyme
stabilizers, catalytic
materials, bleach activators, hydrogen peroxide, sources of hydrogen peroxide,
preformed
peracids, polymeric dispersing agents, clay soil removal/anti-redeposition
agents, brighteners,
suds suppressors, dyes, perfumes, structure elasticizing agents, fabric
softeners, carriers,
structurants, hydrotropes, processing aids, solvents and/or pigments. In
addition to the disclosure
below, suitable examples of such other adjuncts and levels of use are found in
U.S. Patent Nos.
5,576,282, 6,306,812 B I and 6,326,348 BI that are incorporated by reference.
Processes of Making Fabric Enhancer Products
The compositions of the present invention can be formulated into any suitable
form and
prepared by any process chosen by the formulator, non-limiting examples of
which are described
in Applicants examples and USPA 2010/0020632 Al and USPA 2011/0172137 Al; U.S.
all of
which are incorporated herein by reference.
In one aspect, the compositions disclosed herein can be made by a process,
said process
comprising the steps of,
- Taking an apparatus comprising:
at least a first inlet A and a second inlet B; a pre-mixing chamber, the pre-
mixing
chamber having an upstream end and a downstream end, the upstream end of the
pre-mixing
chamber being in liquid communication with the first inlet A and the second
inlet B; an orifice
component, the orifice component having an upstream end and a downstream end,
the upstream
end of the orifice component being in liquid communication with the downstream
end of the pre-
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mixing chamber, wherein the orifice component is configured to spray liquid in
a jet and produce
shear, turbulence and/or cavitation in the liquid; a secondary mixing chamber,
the secondary
mixing chamber being in liquid communication with the downstream end of the
orifice
component; at least one outlet in liquid communication with the secondary
mixing chamber for
5 discharge of liquid following the production of shear, turbulence and/or
cavitation in the liquid,
the at least one outlet being located at the downstream end of the secondary
mixing chamber; the
orifice component comprising at least two orifice units arranged in series to
one another and each
orifice unit comprises an orifice plate comprising at least one orifice, an
orifice chamber located
upstream from the orifice plate and in liquid communication with the orifice
plate; and wherein
10 neighbouring orifice plates are distinct from each other;
- connecting one or more suitable liquid pumping devices to the first inlet A
and to the second
inlet B;
- pumping a liquid fabric softening active composition into the first inlet A,
and, pumping a
second liquid composition into the second inlet B, wherein the operating
pressure of the
15 apparatus is between 0.1 bar and 50 bar, the operating pressure being the
pressure of the liquid
as measured in the pre-mix chamber;
- allowing the liquid fabric softening active and the second liquid
composition to pass through
the apparatus at a desired flow rate, wherein as they pass through the
apparatus they are
dispersed one into the other;
20 - discharging the resultant liquid fabric softening composition produced
out of the outlet.
Method of Use
The consumer products of the present invention may be used in any conventional
manner. In
short, they may be used in the same manner as consumer products that are
designed and
produced by conventional methods and processes. For example, cleaning and/or
treatment
compositions of the present invention can be used to clean and/or treat a
situs inter alia a surface
or fabric. Typically at least a portion of the situs is contacted with an
embodiment of Applicants'
composition, in neat form or diluted in a wash liquor, and then the situs is
optionally washed
and/or rinsed. For purposes of the present invention, washing includes but is
not limited to,
scrubbing, and mechanical agitation. The fabric may comprise any fabric
capable of being
laundered in normal consumer use conditions. Cleaning solutions that comprise
the disclosed
cleaning compositions typically have a pH of from about 3 to about 11.5. Such
compositions are
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21
typically employed at concentrations of from about 500 ppm to about 15,000 ppm
in solution.
When the wash solvent is water, the water temperature typically ranges from
about 5 C to about
90 C and, when the situs comprises a fabric, the water to fabric mass ratio
is typically from
about 1:1 to about 100:1.
The consumer products of the present invention may be used as liquid fabric
enhancers
wherein they are applied to a fabric and the fabric is then dried via line
drying and/or drying the
an automatic dryer.
TEST METHODS
Determination of pH - the pH of the Fabric Enhancer composition of the present
invention is
measured according to ASTM Method D 1172-95; the method states that the pH of
the
composition shall be measured as a 1:10 dilution with deionized water.
EXAMPLES
The cleaning and/or treatment compositions of the present invention can be
formulated into any
suitable form and prepared by any process chosen by the formulator, non-
limiting examples of
which are described in U.S. 5,879,584; U.S. 5,691,297; U.S. 5,574,005; U.S.
5,569,645; U.S.
5,565,422; U.S. 5,516,448; U.S. 5,489,392; U.S. 5,486,303 all of which are
incorporated herein
by reference.
Preparation of a Standard Liquid Fabric Enhancer Formulation:
Rinse-Added fabric care compositions are prepared by mixing together
ingredients shown below:
%wt in Formula I II III IV
SA a 12 11 9 8
Structurantb 0 --- --- 0.15 0.15
erfume 1.4 1.5 2.0 2.0
erfume encapsulation d 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7
Sodium Chloride 0.15 0.15 0.15 --
Calcium Chloride(ppm) --- --- --- 200
TPA e 0.007 0.008 0.008 0.008
Preservative (ppm) f 5 5 5 5
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Acidulent (ppm) (Formic Acid) 250 250 250 250
ntifoam g 0.015 0.015 0.15 0.15
ationic methacrylate acrylamide copolymer h 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.25
Dispersant' 0.25 0.5 1.00 0.75
Organosiloxane Polymer 2 3 5 4
Dye ((ppm) 40 40 11 --
Hydrochloric Acid 0.010 0.010 0.03 0.02
eionized Water Balance Balance Balance Balance
N,N-di(tallowoyloxyethyl}N,N-dimethylammoniumchloride.
bCationic high amylose maize starch available from National Starch under the
trade name HYLON VII .
`Cationic polymer available from Ciba under the name Rheovis CDE.
d Perfume microcapsules available ex Appleton
`Diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid.
r KoraloneTM B-119 available from Dow.
8 Silicone antifoam agent available from Dow Coming under the trade name
DC2310.
h Sedipur CL 541 or Sedipur CL544 from BASF
'Non-ionic surfactant, such as TWEEN 20TM or TAE80 (tallow ethoxylated
alcohol, with average degree of ethoxylation of 80),
or cationic surfactant as Berol 648 and Ethoquad C 25 from Akzo Nobel.
The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being
strictly
limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise
specified, each such
dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range
surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is
intended to mean
"about 40 mm".
All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the Invention are, in
relevant part,
incorporated herein by reference; the citation of any document is not to be
construed as an
admission that it is prior art with respect to the present invention. To the
extent that any meaning
or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or
definition of the same term
in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to
the term in this
written document shall govern.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated
and
described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other
changes and
modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. It is
therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and
modifications that are
within the scope of this invention.
