Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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Description
Carriage body part
The invention relates to a carriage body part, in particular a
rail vehicle carriage body part, in the form of an extruded
part with at least one fastening portion which is suitable for
fastening an item of equipment and extends in the extrusion
direction of the extruded part.
In the area of fastening surfaces, in particular screwed
surfaces, of carriage body parts and the items of equipment to
be fastened on the carriage body parts there are always certain
manufacturing-related deviations with regard to flatness and
parallelism, the size of which depends on the respective
manufacturing tolerances. In the case of carriage bodies
produced from extruded sections made of aluminum, in the case
of integrally molded fastening rails deviations predominantly
occur in the inclination about the vehicle axis. As a result
of said inclinations occurring in a manufacturing-related
manner, the screwed surfaces of the fastening rails, after
screw connection to an item of equipment mounted thereon, can
possibly not be located in a planar manner on the screwed
surfaces of the item of equipment such that a wedge-shaped gap
remains. These types of wedge-shaped gaps are closed nowadays
by means of wedge-shaped spacers or are compensated for by
elastic connecting elements (for example screw-connected rubber
bearings).
The object underlying the invention is to provide a carriage
body part where the abovementioned wedge formation when
mounting an item of equipment on the carriage body part does
not occur at all, at least less than nowadays in the case of
carriage bodies of the prior art.
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This object is achieved according to the invention by a
carriage body part with the features of claim 1. Advantageous
_
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developments of the carriage body part according to the
invention are provided in the sub-claims.
Accordingly, it is provided according to the invention that the
extruded part is weakened locally in a mechanical manner as a
result of mechanical reworking and a fastening portion of the
extruded part is flexible as a result of the local weakening
and forms a flexible fastening portion.
An essential advantage of the carriage body part according to
the invention is to be seen in that, as a result of the local
weakening of the extruded part, additional flexibility of the
fastening portion or fastening portions is achieved as a result
of which a subsequent assembly of an item of equipment is made
easier and, where applicable, a forming of a wedge between the
item of equipment and the fastening portion is avoided.
It is deemed to be particularly advantageous when the extruded
part includes a fastening rail (extruded at the same time)
which, when viewed in the extrusion direction, is weakened
locally at at least one place as a result of material removal,
and the flexible fastening portion is arranged in the region,
preferably spatially above, the locally weakened place
(weakening place).
In addition to this or as an alternative to this, it can be
provided for weakening the extruded part that the fastening
rail is weakened locally or removed at at least two places
(weakening places) which are located one behind another when
viewed in the extrusion direction, and the flexible fastening
portion is formed by a portion of the fastening rail which lies
between the two places when viewed in the extrusion direction.
In cross section, the fastening rail of the extruded part can
comprise a closed contour. In such a case it is deemed to be
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advantageous when the closed contour is opened locally to form
the locally weakened places.
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The fastening rail preferably comprises a square or rectangular
cross section which is formed by a fastening surface, by means
of two support walls which are arranged at an angle, in
particular perpendicular, to the fastening surface and one
carrier portion of the extruded part which holds the support
walls. =
In a preferred manner, one of the two support walls which is
arranged at an angle, in particular perpendicular, to the
fastening surface and/or the fastening surface is weakened as a =
result of material removal.
As an alternative to this, the fastening rail of the extruded
part can comprise an open contour in cross section.
In the case of an open contour, the fastening rail of the
extruded part is preferably formed by an L-section which is
locally weakened and/or (completely) removed at at least two
places which, when viewed in the extrusion direction, are
situated one behind another and are spaced apart from one
another; the flexible fastening portion, in this case, is
preferably formed by a portion of the L-section which lies
between the two places when viewed in the extrusion direction.
The invention relates over and above this to an arrangement
having a carriage body part, as has been described above, as
well as an item of equipment which is mounted on the carriage
body part.
With reference to the advantages of the arrangement according
to the invention, reference is made to the above statements in
conjunction with the carriage body part according to the
invention as the advantages of the carriage body part according
to the invention correspond substantially to those of the
arrangement according to the invention.
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It is deemed to be advantageous when the item of equipment is
mounted on the at least one flexible fastening portion which
has been weakened locally in a mechanical manner as result of
mechanical reworking.
In the case of a particularly preferred embodiment of the
arrangement, it is provided that the item of equipment is
screw-connected on the at least one flexible fastening portion
and the flexible fastening portion is deformed locally as a
result of the screw connection.
Over and above this, it is deemed to be advantageous when the
carriage body part forms the roof or a roof part of a rail
vehicle carriage body and the item of equipment is mounted on
the roof or roof part.
The arrangement preferably forms a rail vehicle. In such a
case, it is deemed as advantageous when the item of equipment
includes or comprises one or several electro-technical or
electric components of the rail vehicle, such as a converter, a
transformer, an air-conditioning component or a current
collector. The item of equipment can also simply provide a
receptacle for operating material or equipment, for example for
a converter, a transformer, an air-conditioning component, a
braking resistor, a main switch, a network filter, a battery,
an antenna carrier or antennae, a four-quadrant chopper, a
cooling unit, a fuel container, a water container and/or
another container for operating material.
The item of equipment is preferably mounted on the roof of the
rail vehicle carriage body part.
The extruded part preferably comprises a fastening rail with a
contour which is closed in cross section and is open in the
region of the locally weakened place or places.
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The fastening rail comprises in a particularly preferred manner
a square or rectangular cross section which is formed by a
fastening surface, by means of two support walls which are
arranged at an angle, in particular perpendicular, to the
fastening surface and one carrier portion of the extruded part
which holds the support walls. The fastening surface is
preferably arranged horizontally and the support walls are
preferably vertical.
At least one of the two support walls which are arranged at an
angle, in particular perpendicular, to the fastening surface is
preferably weakened as a result of material removal or is
completely removed locally. The fastening surface is preferably
situated above a locally weakened support wall portion.
With reference to the fastening of the item of equipment, it is
deemed to be advantageous when said item of equipment is
fastened on at least two flexible fastening portions of the
extruded part.
In the case of the last-mentioned embodiment, it is deemed as
advantageous when in the case of each of the at least two
flexible fastening portions, in each case the outside support
wall - when viewed from the center of the carriage body - is
weakened as a result of material removal.
The invention relates over and above this to a method for
producing an arrangement having a carriage body part which is
formed by an extruded section and an item of equipment.
With reference to such a method, it is provided according to
the invention that the extruded part is weakened locally in a
mechanical manner as a result of mechanical reworking and at
least one flexible fastening portion is formed for fastening
the item of equipment and the item of equipment
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is mounted, in particular screw-connected, along or on the
flexible fastening portion.
With reference to the advantages of the method according to the
invention, reference is made to the above statements in
conjunction with the carriage body part according to the
invention as the advantages of the carriage body part according
to the invention correspond substantially to those of the
method according to the invention.
In the case of an advantageous development of the method, it is
provided that the extruded part is weakened locally in a
mechanical manner as a result of mechanical reworking by
material of the extruded part being removed, in particular as a
result of milling or boring.
As a result of screw-connecting the item of equipment on the at
least one flexible fastening portion, a fastening surface of
the flexible fastening portion of the extruded part is pressed
flatly onto a fastening surface of the item of equipment.
Over and above this, it is deemed as advantageous when, as a
result of screw-connecting the item of equipment on the at
least one flexible fastening portion of the extruded part, the
fastening surface of the flexible fastening portion and/or the
region about the fastening surface of the flexible fastening
portioh is deformed.
The local weakening of the extruded part is preferably effected
as a result of locally opening a contour, closed in cross
section, of a fastening rail of the extruded part.
In addition to this or as an alternative to it, it is deemed as
advantageous when the fastening rail is weakened locally or
removed at at least two places which are located one behind
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another when viewed in the extrusion direction and the flexible
fastening portion is formed by a portion of the fastening rail
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which, when viewed in the extrusion direction, lies between the
two places.
The invention is explained in more detail below by way of
exemplary embodiments; in which, in this case, as an example:
figure 1 shows a cross sectional representation of an
exemplary embodiment of an arrangement having a
carriage body part and an item of equipment which
is to be mounted thereon,
figure 2 shows in a schematic manner component tolerances
which can make placing fastening surfaces of the
item of equipment and of the carriage body part in
a planar manner difficult,
figure 3 shows a partial representation obliquely from the
side of an exemplary embodiment of a carriage body
part and with an item of equipment mounted on a
locally weakened fastening rail of the carriage
body part, the local weakening of the fastening
rail being produced as a result of holes in a
support wall of the fastening rail,
figures 4-7 show exemplary embodiments of different hole forms
which are suitable for locally weakening the
fastening rail according to figure 3,
figure 8 shows an exemplary embodiment of an arrangement
having a carriage body part and an item of
equipment mounted on the carriage body, a fastening
rail having been laterally weakened as a result of
holes as well as, over and above this, having been
locally removed at places located one behind
another when viewed in the extrusion direction,
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figure 9 shows an exemplary embodiment of an arrangement
having a carriage body part and an item of
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equipment mounted on a fastening rail of the
carriage body part, a local weakening of the
fastening rail being brought about as a result of
holes in a support wall of the fastening rail which
extend into the region of the fastening surface
associated with the item of equipment,
figure 10 shows a cross sectional representation of the
fastening rail of the arrangement according to
figure 9,
figure 11 shows a top view of the fastening rail of the
arrangement according to figure 9,
figure 12 shows an exemplary embodiment of a weakening of a
fastening rail as a result of material removal at
places that are located one behind another when
viewed in the extrusion direction, the fastening
portion provided for fastening the item of
equipment being located =between the weakened
places, and
figure 13 shows an exemplary embodiment of a weakening of a
fastening rail as a result of material removal at
places that are located one behind another when
viewed in the extrusion direction, the fastening
portion provided for fastening the item of
equipment being located between the weakened places
and the fastening rail comprising an open contour
or a contour which is opened locally subsequently
or continuously.
For the purposes of clarity, the same references are always
used in the figures for identical or comparable components.
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Figure 1 shows a carriage body part 10 of a rail vehicle 20
(not shown in any detail) as well as an
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item of equipment 30 which preferably includes a converter, a
transformer, an air conditioning component or a current
collector. The item of equipment 30 comprises fastening
elements 40, the bottom surfaces of which in figure 1 forming
fastening surfaces 45 for fastening the item of equipment 30 on
the carriage body part 10.
The carriage body part 10 is an extruded part 11 which is
provided with two extruded fastening rails 50 and 60 which are
component parts of the extruded part 11 or are integrally
molded in one piece on said extruded part during extrusion
molding and have been extruded at the same time in one part
with said extruded part and consequently extend in each case
along the extrusion direction (or the longitudinal extrusion
direction) of the extruded part. As an alternative to this, the
carriage body part 10 can be formed by two or more
interconnected (e.g. welded) extruded parts, one of the two
extruded fastening rails being realized on one of the extruded
parts and the other of the two extruded fastening rails being
realized on another extruded part.
In the case of the representation according to figure 1, the
extrusion direction of the extruded part extends perpendicular
to the image plane of figure 1; accordingly, the two fastening
rails 50 and 60 also extend perpendicular to the representation
plane of figure 1.
Each of the two fastening rails 50 and 60 in the case of the
exemplary embodiment according to figure 1 comprise in each
case a rectangular cross section which is formed or delimited
by an upper fastening surface 70, a support wall 71 which is
arranged inside with reference to the vehicle center of the
rail vehicle 20 and perpendicular to the fastening surface 70,
a support wall 72 which is arranged outside with reference to
the vehicle center of the rail vehicle 20 and perpendicular to
the fastening surface 70 as well as a carrier portion 73 of the
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extruded part which holds the support walls. The fastening
surface 70 is
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preferably arranged horizontally, and the two support walls 71
and 72 are preferably arranged vertically.
For mounting the item of equipment 30 on the carriage body part
10, the two fastening surfaces 45 of the two fastening elements
40 are fitted onto the fastening surfaces 70 of the two
fastening rails 50 and 60. The fastening elements 40 are then
fixed on the two fastening rails 50 and 60, for example screw-
connected.
Figure 2 shows the fastening element 40, on the right in figure
1, of the item of equipment as well as the fastening rail 60,
on the right in figure 1, of the carriage body part in more
detail. The broken lines indicate that the fastening surface 45
of the fastening element 40 and the upper fastening surface 70
of the fastening rail 60 are not always parallel to one another
and can be angled in a various manner. The various inclinations
of the fastening surface 45 and of the fastening surface 70 are
indicated in figure 2 by the references +nG, -nG, 4-nRB and -nRB.
Over and above this, figure 2 shows two force vectors Fl and F2
which are necessary in order to press the two fastening
surfaces 45 and 70 onto one another. In dependence on the
rigidity of the fastening surface 45 and the rigidity of the
fastening surface 70, it is possible that the two fastening
surfaces, during the assembly operation, that is for example
during screw-connecting, cannot be aligned with respect to one
another in such a manner that they actually abut in an entirely
parallel manner.
In order to ensure or to simplify placing the two fastening
surfaces 45 and 70 in a planar manner after mounting, in the
case of the carriage body parts according to figures 1 to 13
the fastening rails are weakened locally such that the
fastening surface 70 is able to yield when the item of
equipment is fastened, in particular when the item of equipment
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is screw-connected, and is able to be adapted to the alignment
of the fastening
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surface 45. Exemplary embodiments of local weakening of the
fastening rails of the carriage body part are explained in more
detail below in conjunction with figures 3 to 13.
Figure 3 shows a three-dimensional representation obliquely
from the side of an exemplary embodiment of a carriage body
part 10 where the fastening rail 60 (cf. figure 1) is formed by
an extruded part 11 and is weakened locally as a result of
holes 100, as a result of which it is made flexible in the
region of the fastening portions 110 which are provided for
fastening the item of equipment 30 or other items of equipment.
The holes 100 are arranged one behind another in the extrusion
direction S of the extruded part 11 and result at said places
in a flexibility or weakening of the fastening rail 60 wherever
an item of equipment is subsequently to be mounted.
In the case of the exemplary embodiment according to figure 3,
the holes 100 are arranged in the outside support wall 72 of
the fastening rail 60. An arrangement of the holes 100 in the
outside support wall is deemed as advantageous compared to an
arrangement of the holes 100 on the inside support wall 71 in
order to make it easier to adapt the upper fastening surface 70
to the fastening element 40 of the item of equipment 30. As an
alternative to this or in addition to it, however, an
arrangement of holes on the inner support wall would also be
possible.
Figure 3 just shows one of the two fastening rails of the
extruded part 11. The statements in conjunction with the
arrangement and development of the holes 100 in the case of the
fastening rail 60 apply correspondingly to the fastening rail
50 according to figure 1. Local weakening as a result of holes,
preferably on the outside support wall 72, is also performed in
the case of the fastening rail 50 on the left in figure 1.
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Figures 4 to 7 show different embodiments of the holes 100
which can be introduced for local weakening of the fastening
rails 50 and 60 according to figure 1 in the outer and/or inner
support wall 71 or 72. The size and the contour of the holes
100 are preferably chosen in such a manner that sufficient
flexibility of the fastening portions 110 (cf. figure 3) is
achieved, but nevertheless sufficient carrying capacity for
carrying the respective load is maintained.
Figure 8 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a carriage body
part 10 which is formed by an extruded part 11 and on which is
mounted an item of equipment 30. It can be seen that the
fastening rail 60 is not only weakened locally in the region of
the outer support wall 72 as a result of holes 100 in order to
achieve a desired flexibility in the region of the fastening
portions 110, but over and above this also in the region
between the fastening portions 110. Thus, it can be seen in
figure 8 that the extruded fastening rail 70 has been
completely removed at places 120, 121, and 122. The flexible
fastening portions 110 of the fastening rail 60 are
consequently separate from one another, as a result of which
the flexibility of the fastening portions 110 is increased.
Apart from this, the statements in conjunction with figure 3
apply correspondingly to the embodiment according to figure 8.
Figure 9 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a carriage
body part 10 on which an item of equipment 30 is mounted. It
can be seen that the fastening rail 60 of the carriage body
part 10 is not only weakened locally as a result of places 120,
121 and 122 which are located one behind another along the
extrusion direction, but over and above this also as a result
of holes 200 which are arranged in the outside support wall 72
of the fastening rail 60 and extend into the region of the
upper fastening surface 70. It can be seen that in the region
of the fastening portions 110 the
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upper fastening surface 70 of the fastening rail 60 is reduced
as a result of the intrusion of the holes 200.
As a result of the realization of the holes 200, which extend
from the outer support wall 72 into the region of the upper
fastening surface 70 of the fastening rail 60, as well as over
and above this as a result of the places 120, 121 and 122 which
are arranged along the extrusion direction S one behind another
and in which the material of the fastening rail 60 is
completely removed, efficient material weakening is achieved,
as a result of which a particularly high degree of flexibility
is ensured in the region of the fastening portions 110.
Figure 10 shows a more detailed cross sectional representation
of the fastening rail 60 in the region of the recess 200. It
can be seen that the cross section of the fastening rail 60
comprises a closed rectangular contour which has been opened
locally as a result of a hole 200. In the region of the hole
200, the outer support wall 72 of the fastening rail 60 is
completely removed. Over and above this, the hole 200 protrudes
into the region of the upper fastening surface 70.
The inner support wall 71 of the fastening rail 60 preferably
does not comprise any holes such that it is able to apply the
supporting force necessary for carrying the item of equipment
to be fastened on the fastening rail 60.
Figure 10 shows over and above this a fastening hole 210 which
can serve for screw-connecting the item of equipment to be
fastened and not shown in figure 10.
Figure 11 shows a top view of the fastening rail 60 of the
carriage body part 10 according to figures 9 and 10. It is
possible to see the flexible fastening portion 110 which has
been made flexible as a result of the hole 200. It can be seen
that the width of the hole 200 along the extrusion direction S
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is greater than the fastening portion 110 which is imagined or
provided for fastening an item of equipment.
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As a result of the choice of the size of the hole 200 or as a
result of the depth d at which the hole 200 extends into the
region of the upper fastening surface 70, the flexibility of
the fastening portion 110 is able to be adjusted in a targeted
manner.
Figure 12 shows a variant of a weakening of the fastening
portion 110. It can be seen that, when viewed in the extrusion
direction S, recesses or holes 300, which have been introduced
either only in the fastening surface 70 or in addition to the
fastening surface 70 also in one of the two support walls,
preferably the outer support wall, have been provided upstream
and downstream of the fastening portion 110. As a result of the
holes 300, the fastening portion 110 becomes flexible without
itself communicating directly with one of the holes.
Figure 13 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a carriage
body part 10 which is formed as a result of an extruded part 11
which is extruded along the extrusion direction S. It can be
seen that the extruded part 11 comprises an extruded fastening
rail 400 with an open section (section is open at least in
portions), for example an L-section. The section of the
fastening rail 400 can be produced within the framework of the
extrusion process as an open section; as an alternative to
this, the section of the fastening rail 400 can be produced
within the framework of the extrusion process as a closed
section and only opened in a local or continuous manner as a
result of reworking. The fastening rail 400 is completely
removed locally at the places 120, 121 and 122 which are
located one behind another along the extrusion direction S such
that the upper fastening surface 410 is flexible or yielding
and can be easily adapted to the alignment of a fastening
element 40 of an item of equipment 30 which is to be mounted on
the fastening rail 400. The fastening portions, which are
formed by the upper fastening surface of the fastening rail
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400, are marked in figure 13 by way of the reference 420. A
fastening element of an
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item of equipment 30 is mounted on the rear fastening portion
420 in figure 13.
The above exemplary embodiments can comprise one or several of
the following features depending on the development:
- the carcass-side fastening rail of the carriage body part
is machined such that the outside vertical web (support
wall 72 in figures 1 and 3) of the fastening rail is
omitted completely or at least in part in the region of
the fastening portion or screwed surface.
- The inner vertical web of the fastening rail directly
transmits the vertical weight because it communicates with
the horizontal bearing surface and is covered at least in
part by said bearing surface.
The horizontal bearing surface serves as a screwed surface
and transmits longitudinal and transverse forces.
- As a result of weakening the fastening rail, the fastening
rail becomes more flexible for torsion about the
longitudinal axis of the fastening rail and about the axis
of the extruding direction of the extruded section without
losing strength at the relevant carrying places.
- Where the design of the rigidity of the item of equipment,
the fastening of the item of equipment and development of
the fastening rail is coordinated, the fastening portions
or the screwed surfaces can be moved to the desired
abutment under the preload force.
Although the invention has been illustrated and described in
more detail by the preferred exemplary embodiments, the
invention is not restricted by the disclosed examples and other
variations can be derived therefrom by the expert without
departing from the scope of protection of the invention.
