Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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PARTICLES
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present application relates to particles and compositions, such as
consumer products,
comprising such particles as well as processes for making and using such
particles and
compositions comprising such particles.
BACKGROUND
Benefit agents, such as perfumes, silicones, waxes, flavors, vitamins and
fabric softening
agents, are expensive and/or generally less effective when employed at high
levels in consumer
products, for example, personal care compositions, cleaning compositions, and
fabric care
compositions. As a result, there is a desire to maximize the effectiveness of
such benefit agents.
One method of achieving such objective is to improve the delivery efficiencies
of such benefit
agents. Unfortunately, it is difficult to improve the delivery efficiencies of
benefit agents as such
agents may be lost due to the agents' physical or chemical characteristics, or
such agents may be
incompatible with other compositional components or the situs that is treated.
One method of
improving the delivery efficiency of a benefit agent is to encapsulate such
benefit agent. While
such efforts may improve the delivery efficiency of the benefit agent, further
delivery efficiency
improvements are desired as encapsulated benefit agents may be lost before or
after they are
applied to the situs of interest due to factors such as mechanical or chemical
interactions, for
example the action of wash and or rinse liquors, and/or charge interactions.
In certain
applications, the deposition of encapsulated benefit agents is improved by
coating the
encapsulated benefit agent with a deposition aid that is typically a polymer.
Unfortunately, the
cationic charged species that are employed to increase deposition of such
encapsulates onto
clothes lead to an increased aggregation level of encapsulates which can lead
to visible clumps in
a consumer product and/or inhomogeneous deposition of perfume onto treated
surfaces. Thus,
what is needed is a encapsulate with a high capsule integrity and a minimized
tendency to
aggregate.
While not being bound by theory, Applicants believe that the aggregation
problem is due
to uncoatcd encapsulate attraction due to Van der Waals forces and bridging
flocculation when
the encapsulates are coated with a deposition aid. Thus, applicants recognized
that the primary
source of the aggregation problem was in the slurry making process. Once such
problem was
solved, the remaining aggregation influences could be managed.
2
In the present application, Applicants disclose encapsulated benefit agents
and specific
classes of amine containing polymers that, when combined, provide a high and
even deposition
profile across multiple different surfaces, for example, hair, skin, and
multiple fabrics such as
cotton, high surface cottons, polycotton and polyester.
SUMMARY
The present application relates to particles and compositions, such as
consumer products,
comprising such particles as well as processes for making and using such
particles and
compositions comprising such particles.
Certain exemplary embodiments provide a process for making a composition
having a
viscosity of from 10 cps to 5000 cps, as measured in a viscometer using
parallel steel plates of
40 mm diameter and a gap size of 500 [tin a shear rate of 20 s-1 at 21 C, the
composition
comprising based on total composition weight: a) from 0.01% to 10 wt% of a
plurality of
microcapsules, said plurality of microcapsules comprising a cationic
deposition polymer
disposed on the outer surface of said microcapsules; b) from 0.0001% to 5 wt%
of an ion selected
from the group consisting of Na'-, 1(4, Mg2', Ca2+, CI, BC, HSO4- and S042-
and mixtures thereof;
e) optionally, a material selected from the group consisting of a polymer in
addition to said
deposition polymer, preservative, a formaldehyde scavenger, and mixtures
thereof; and
d) 0.0001% to 70 wt% of a material selected from the group consisting of a
fabric enhancer, an
enzyme, surfactant, a builder, a dye, a hueing agent, a nonaqueous solvent, a
suds suppressor, a
bleaching agent, chelating agents, optical brighteners, dye transfer
inhibiting agents, dispersants,
clay soil removal/anti-redeposition agents, structurants, perfumes, deposition
agents, silicones,
rheology modifiers, preservatives, stabilizers, and mixtures thereof; said
composition having an
aggregation index determined as described herein under the sub-heading
"Aggregation Index', of
less than 30 perfume microcapsule aggregate particles per gram of composition,
said composition
being a consumer product; said process comprising producing a slurry produced
by the steps of:
i) adjusting the pH of a slurry of microcapsule particles having an anionic
charge, preferably a
charge of from -1 mV to -100 mV, to a value below the pKa of the particle and
the cationic
polymer; ii) combining slurry and said cationic polymer and dispersing said
combined slurry and
cationic polymer with mechanical energy; iii) adjusting the pH of said
combined slurry and
cationic polymer to a value above the pKa of said slurry of particles but
below the pKa of the
cationic polymer; iv) combining said combined slurry and cationic polymer with
a material
selected from the group consisting of a fabric enhancer, an enzyme,
surfactant, a builder, a dye, a
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hueing agent, a nonaqueous solvent, a suds suppressor, a bleaching agent,
chelating agents,
optical brighteners, dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants, clay soil
removal/anti-redeposition
agents, structurants, perfumes, deposition agents, silicones, rheology
modifiers, preservatives,
stabilizers, and mixtures thereof.
Other exemplary embodiments provide a process of making a composition
comprising:
combining a material selected from the group consisting of a fabric enhancer,
an enzyme,
surfactant, a builder, a dye, a hueing agent, a nonaqueous solvent, a suds
suppressor, a bleaching
agent, chelating agents, optical brighteners, dye transfer inhibiting agents,
dispersants, clay soil
removal/anti-redeposition agents, structurants, perfumes, deposition agents,
silicones, rheology
modifiers, preservatives, stabilizers, and mixtures thereof with a slurry
produced by the process
of:
a) adjusting the pH of a slurry of particles having an anionic charge to a
value below
the pKa of the particle and the cationic polymer;
b) combining slurry and said cationic polymer and dispersing said combined
slurry
and cationic polymer with mechanical energy
c) adjusting the pH of said combined slurry and cationic polymer to a value
above
the pKa of said slurry of particles but below the pKa of the cationic polymer;
d) combining said combined slurry and cationic polymer.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Definitions
As used herein "consumer product" means baby care, beauty care, fabric & home
care,
family care, feminine care, health care, snack and/or beverage products or
devices generally
intended to be used or consumed in the form in which it is sold. Such products
include but are
not limited to diapers, bibs, wipes; products for and/or methods relating to
treating hair (human,
dog, and/or cat), including, bleaching, coloring, dyeing, conditioning,
shampooing, styling;
deodorants and antiperspirants; personal cleansing; cosmetics; skin care
including application of
creams, lotions, and other topically applied products for consumer use
including fine fragrances;
and shaving products, products for and/or methods relating to treating
fabrics, hard surfaces and
any other surfaces in the area of fabric and home care, including: air care
including air
fresheners and scent delivery systems, car care, dishwashing, fabric
conditioning (including
softening and/or freshing), laundry detergency, laundry and rinse additive
and/or care, hard
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surface cleaning and/or treatment including floor and toilet bowl cleaners,
and other cleaning for
consumer or institutional use; products and/or methods relating to bath
tissue, facial tissue, paper
handkerchiefs, and/or paper towels; tampons, feminine napkins; products and/or
methods relating
to oral care including toothpastes, tooth gels, tooth rinses, denture
adhesives, tooth whitening;
over-the-counter health care including cough and cold remedies, pain
relievers, RX
pharmaceuticals, pet health and nutrition; processed food products intended
primarily for
consumption between customary meals or as a meal accompaniment (non-limiting
examples
include potato chips, tortilla chips, popcorn, pretzels, corn chips, cereal
bars, vegetable chips or
crisps, snack mixes, party mixes, multigrain chips, snack crackers, cheese
snacks, pork rinds,
corn snacks, pellet snacks, extruded snacks and bagel chips); and coffee.
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As used herein, the term "cleaning and/or treatment composition" is a subset
of consumer
products that includes, unless otherwise indicated, beauty care, fabric & home
care products.
Such products include, but are not limited to, products for treating hair
(human, dog, and/or cat),
including, bleaching, coloring, dyeing, conditioning, shampooing, styling;
deodorants and
antiperspirants; personal cleansing; cosmetics; skin care including
application of creams, lotions,
and other topically applied products for consumer use including fine
fragrances; and shaving
products, products for treating fabrics, hard surfaces and any other surfaces
in the area of fabric
and home care, including: air care including air fresheners and scent delivery
systems, car care,
dishwashing, fabric conditioning (including softening and/or freshing),
laundry detergency,
laundry and rinse additive and/or care, hard surface cleaning and/or treatment
including floor and
toilet bowl cleaners, granular or powder-form all-purpose or "heavy-duty"
washing agents,
especially cleaning detergents; liquid. gel Or paste-form all-purpose washing
agents, especially
the so-called heavy-duty liquid types; liquid fine-fabric detergents; hand
dishwashing agents or
light duty dishwashing agents, especially those of the high-foaming type;
machine dishwashing
agents, including the various tablet, granular, liquid and rinse-aid types for
household and
institutional use; liquid cleaning and disinfecting agents, including
antibacterial hand-wash types,
cleaning bars, mouthwashes. denture cleaners, dentifrice, car or carpet
shampoos, bathroom
cleaners including toilet bowl cleaners; hair shampoos and hair-rinses; shower
gels , fine
fragrances and foam baths and metal cleaners; as well as cleaning auxiliaries
such as bleach
additives and "stain-stick" or pre-treat types, substrate-laden products such
as dryer added sheets,
dry and wetted wipes and pads, nonwoven substrates, and sponges; as well as
sprays and mists all
for consumer or/and institutional use; and/or methods relating to oral care
including toothpastes,
tooth gels, tooth rinses, denture adhesives, tooth whitening.
As used herein, the term "fabric and/or hard surface cleaning and/or treatment
composition" is a subset of cleaning and treatment compositions that includes,
unless otherwise
indicated, granular or powder-form all-purpose or "heavy-duty" washing agents,
especially
cleaning detergents; liquid, gel or paste-form all-purpose washing agents,
especially the so-called
heavy-duty liquid types; liquid fine-fabric detergents; hand dishwashing
agents or light duty
dishwashing agents, especially those of the high-foaming type; machine
dishwashing agents,
including the various tablet, granular, liquid and rinse-aid types for
household and institutional
use; liquid cleaning and disinfecting agents, including antibacterial hand-
wash types, cleaning
bars, car or carpet shampoos, bathroom cleaners including toilet bowl
cleaners; and metal
cleaners, fabric conditioning products including softening and/or freshing
that may be in liquid,
solid and/or dryer sheet form; as well as cleaning auxiliaries such as bleach
additives and "stain-
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stick" or pre-treat types, substrate-laden products such as dryer added
sheets, dry and wetted
wipes and pads, nonwoven substrates, and sponges; as well as sprays and mists.
All of such
products which are applicable may be in standard, concentrated or even highly
concentrated form
even to the extent that such products may in certain aspect he non-aqueous.
As used herein, articles such as "a" and "an" when used in a claim, are
understood to
mean one or more of what is claimed or described.
As used herein, the terms "include", "includes- and "including- are meant to
be non-
limiting.
As used herein, the term "solid" includes granular, powder, bar and tablet
product forms.
As used herein, the term "fluid" includes liquid, gel, paste and gas product
forms.
As used herein, the term "situs" includes paper products, fabrics, garments,
hard surfaces,
hair and skin.
Unless otherwise noted, all component or composition levels are in reference
to the active
portion of that component or composition, and are exclusive of impurities, for
example, residual
solvents Or by-products, which may be present in commercially available
sources of such
components or compositions.
All percentages and ratios are calculated by weight unless otherwise
indicated. All
percentages and ratios are calculated based on the total composition unless
otherwise indicated.
It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation given
throughout this
specification includes every lower numerical limitation, as if such lower
numerical limitations
were expressly written herein. Every minimum numerical limitation given
throughout this
specification will include every higher numerical limitation, as if such
higher numerical
limitations were expressly written herein. Every numerical range given
throughout this
specification will include every narrower numerical range that falls within
such broader
numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly
written herein.
Particles
A composition having a viscosity of from about 10 cps to about 5000 cps, from
about 10
cps to about 2000 cps, from about 50 cps to about 1500 cps or from about 100
cps to about 1000
cps comprising based on total composition weight:
a) from about 0.01% to about 10%. from about 0.1% to about 5%, from about
0.1%
to about 2%, from about 0.1% to about 1% of a plurality of microcapsules, said
plurality of microcapsules comprising a deposition polymer disposed on the
outer
surface of said microcapsules;
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b) from about 0.0001% to about 5% from about 0.001% to about 5%,
from about
0.01% to about 4%, from about 0.3% to about 2% of an ion selected from the
group consisting of Na, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, Br-, HSO4- and S042- and mixtures
thereof;
5 c) optionally, a material selected from the group consisting of a
polymer in addition
to said deposition polymer, a preservative, a formaldehyde scavenger, and
mixtures thereof; and
said composition having an aggregation index of less than 30, from about 0.01
to about 29, from
about 0.05 to about 20, from about 0.1 to about 10, from about 0.1 to about 5
microcapsule
aggregate particles per gram of composition.
In one aspect, the microcapsules comprise a core and a shell, the shell
encapsulating the
core, the microcapsules having a particle size of from about 0.01 microns to
about 300 microns,
from about 0.1 microns to about 100 microns, from about 0.5 microns to about
50 microns.
In one aspect, the microcapsules have a deposition polymer coating to wall
ratio of from
about 1:200 to about 5:1, from about 1:40 to about 1:1, in one aspect when the
deposition
polymer comprises a copolymer comprising polyvinyl formamide and
polyvinylamine the
deposition polymer coating to wall ratio may be from about 1:40 to about 1:5.
In another aspect,
when said deposition polymer comprises a methacrylate quaternized homopolymer
the deposition
polymer coating to wall ratio may be from about 1:10 to about 5:1.
In one embodiment, the microcapsules have a benefit agent leakage of a benefit
agent
leakage of from 0% to about 30%, from 0.001% to about 20%, from 0.1% to about
10%, or from
0.1% to 5%.
In a further embodiment, the above microcapsules further comprise:
i. A core where said core comprises a material selected from
the group
consisting of a perfume; a brightener; a dye; a insect repellant; a silicone;
a
wax; a flavor; a vitamin; a fabric softening agent; a skin care agent in one
aspect, a paraffin; a enzyme; anti-bacterial agent; a bleach; a sensate; and
mixtures thereof;
A wall mateiral where said wall material comprises a material selected
from the group consisting of a polyethylene; a polyamide; a polystyrene; a
polyisoprene; a polycarbonate; a polyester; a polyacrylate; an aminoplast,
in one aspect said aminoplast comprises a polyurea, a polyurethane, and/or
a polyureaurethane, in one aspect said polyurea comprises
polyoxymethyleneurea and/or melamine formaldehyde; a polyolefin; a
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polysaccharide, in one aspect alginate and/or chitosan; gelatin; shellac; an
epoxy resin; a vinyl polymer; a water insoluble inorganic; a silicone; and
mixtures thereof; and
A deposition polymer where said deposition polymer is selected fn)m the
group consisting of a polysaccharide, a cationically modified starch, a
cationically modified guar, a polysiloxane, a poly diallyl dimethyl
ammonium halide, a copolymer of poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium
chloride and vinyl pyrrolidone, an acrylamide,an imidazoles, an
imidazolinium a halides, an imidazolium halide, a poly vinyl amine, a
copolymer of poly vinylamine and N-vinyl formamide, a methacrylate
quaternized homopolymer and mixtures thereof.
In one aspect, in the above microcapsules, the core comprises perfume and said
wall
comprises melamine formaldehyde and/or cross linked melamine formaldehyde.
In one aspect said core comprises perfume and said wall comprises melamine
formaldehyde and/or cross linked melamine formaldehyde, poly(acrylic acid) and
poly(acrylic
acid-co-butyl acrylate).
In a further embodiment the composition comprises an adjunct ingredient
selected from
the group consisting of additional perfume and/or perfume delivery systems.
In a further aspect, the invention comprises a process of making the above-
described
composition comprising: combining said microcapsule and deposition polymer
with a material
to form a slurry, the slurry produced by the process of:
a) adjusting the pII of a slurry of microcapsule particles having
an anionic charge, in
one aspect a charge of from 1 mV to 100 mV, to a value below the pKa of the
microcapsule
particle and a cationic polymer;
b) combining the slurry and said cationic polymer and dispersing said
combined
slurry and cationic polymer with mechanical energy
c) adjusting the pH of said combined slurry and cationic polymer to
a value above
the pKa of said slurry of particles but below the pKa of the cationic polymer;
Optionally, the slurry and cationic polymer can be further combined.
Consumer Product
A composition having a viscosity of from about 10 cps to about 5000 cps, from
about 10
cps to about 2000 cps, from about 50 cps to about 1500 cps or from about 100
cps to about 1000
cps comprising based on total composition weight:
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a) from about 0.01% to about 10%. from about 0.1% to about 5%, from
about 0.1%
to about 2%, from about 0.1% to about 1% of a plurality of microcapsules, said
plurality of microcapsules comprising a deposition polymer disposed on the
outer surface of said microcapsules;
b) from about 0.0001% to about 5% from about 0.001% to about 5%, from about
0.01% to about 4%, from about 0.3% to about 2% of an ion selected from the
group consisting of Na, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, Br-, HSO4- and S042- and mixtures
thereof;
c) optionally, a material selected from the group consisting of a
polymer in addition
to said deposition polymer, preservative, a foimaldehyde scavenger, and
mixtures
thereof; and
d) 0.0001% to about 70%, from about 0.1% to about 50%, from
about 15% to
about 40% of a material selected from the group consisting of fabric enhancer,
an
enzyme, surfactant, a builder, a dye, a hueing agent, a nonaqueous solvent, a
suds
suppressor, a bleaching agent, chelating agents, optical brighteners, dye
transfer
inhibiting agents, dispersants, clay soil removal/anti-redeposition agents,
structurants, perfumes, deposition agents, silicones, rheology modifiers,
preservatives, stabilizers and mixtures thereof;
said composition having an aggregation index of less than 30, from about 0.01
to about 29, from
about 0.05 to about 20, from about 0.1 to about 10, from about 0.1 to about 5
perfume
microcapsule aggregate particles per gram of composition, said composition
being a consumer
product, is disclosed.
In one aspect, said composition comprises a surfactant, said surfactant being
selected
from the group consisting of anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, nonionic
surfactant,
zwitterionic surfactant, ampholytic surfactant and mixtures thereof,
preferably said composition
comprises an anionic surfactant, more preferably said composition comprises an
anionic
surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a C9-C18 alkyl benzene
sulfonate surfactant; a
C10-C20 alkyl sulfate surfactant; a C10-C18 alkyl alkoxy sulfate surfactant,
said C10-C18 alkyl
alkoxy sulfate surfactant having an average degree of alkoxylation of from 1
to 30 and the alkoxy
comprises a C1-C4 chain, and mixtures thereof.
In one aspect, said composition comprises:
a) a fabric enhancer that comprises a material selected from the
group consisting of
polyglycerol esters, oily sugar derivatives, wax emulsions, fatty acids, N, N-
bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride, N,N-bis(tallowoyl-
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oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride, N,N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N-(2
hydroxyethyl) N-methyl ammonium methylsulfate and mixtures thereof,
preferably said fabric enhancer comprises a material selected from the group
consisting of selected from the group consisting of bis-(2-hydroxypropy1)-
dimethylammonium methylsulphate fatty acid ester, 1,2-di(acyloxy)-3-
trimethylammoniopropane chloride, N, N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl)-N,N-dimethyl
ammonium chloride, N,N-bis(tallowoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl ammonium
chloride, N.N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N-(2 hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl ammonium
methylsulfate, N,N-bis-(stearoy1-2-hydroxypropy1)-N,N-dimethylammonium
methylsulphate, N,N-bis-(tallowoy1-2-hydroxypropy1)-N,N-dimethylammonium
methylsulphate, N,N-bis-(palmitoy1-2-hydroxypropy1)-N,N-dimethylammonium
methylsulphate, N,N-his-(stearoy1-2-hydroxypropy1)-N,N-dimethylammonium
chloride, 1, 2 di (stearoyl-oxy) 3 trimethyl ammoniumpropane chloride,
dicanoladimethylammonium chloride, di(hard)tallowdimethylammonium chloride
dicanoladimethylammonium methylsulfate, 1-methyl-l-stearoylamidoethy1-2-
stearoylimidazolinium methylsulfate, 1-tallowylamidoethy1-2-
tallowylimidazoline, dipalmethyl hydroxyethylammoinum methosulfate and
mixtures thereof;
b) deposition agent that comprises a deposition aid polymer, preferably
said
deposition polymer comprises a cationic polymer having a cationic charge of
from
about 0.005 meq/g to about 23 meq/g, preferably of from about 0.01 meq/g to
about 12 meq/g, most preferably of from about 0.1 meq/g to about 7 meq/g at
the
pH of said composition;
c) an enzyme selected from the group consisting of protease, amylase,
lipase,
mannanase, cellulase, xyloglucanase, pectate lyase, and mixtures thereof;
e) a structurant that comprises a material selected from the group
consisting of
hydrogenated castor oil; derivatives of hydrogenated castor oil;
microfibrillar
cellulose; hydroxyfunctional crystalline materials, long-chain fatty alcohols,
12-
hydroxystearic acid; clays; and mixtures thereof;
a dispersant that comprises a polymeric dispersing agent selected from the
group
consisting of polycarboxylates, soil release polymers,
carboxymethylcelluloses,
poly(vinyl-pyrrolidone), poly (ethylene glycol), poly(vinyl alcohol),
poly(vinylpyridine-N-oxide), poly(vinylimidazole), zwitterionic ethoxylated
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quaternized sulfated hexamethylene diamine. alkoxylated polyalkylenimine,
ethoxylated polyamine, polyethylene glycol-polyvinylacetate;
g) a hueing agent that comprises a material selected from the group
consisting of
from the group consisting of small molecule dyes, polymeric dyes, dye clay
conjugates and pigments; and/or
h) an oligoamine that comprises a polyetheramine.
In one aspect, said microcapsules comprise a core and a shell, said shell
encapsulating
said core, said microcapsules having a particle size of from about 0.01
microns to about 300
microns, from about 0.1 microns to about 100 microns, from about 0.5 microns
to about 50
microns.
In one aspect, said microcapsules have a deposition polymer coating to wall
ratio of from
about 1:200 to about 5:1, from about 1:40 to about 1:1, in one aspect when
said deposition
polymer comprises a copolymer comprising polyvinyl formamide and
polyvinylamine said
deposition polymer coating to wall ratio may be from about 1:40 to about 1:5,
in another aspect,
when said deposition polymer comprises a methacrylate quaternized homopolymer
said
deposition polymer coating to wall ratio may be from about 1:10 to about 5:1.
In one aspect, said microcapsules have a benefit agent leakage of from 0% to
about 30%,
from 0.001% to about 20%, from 0.1% to about 10%, or from 0.1% to 5%.
In one aspect:
a) said core comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a
perfume; a brightener; a dye; a insect repellant; a silicone; a wax; a flavor;
a vitamin; a fabric softening agent; a skin care agent in one aspect, a
paraffin; a enzyme; anti-bacterial agent; a bleach; a sensate; and mixtures
thereof;
b) said wall comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a
polyethylene; a polyamide; a polystyrene; a polyisoprene; a polycarbonate;
a polyester; a polyacrylate; an aminoplast, in one aspect said aminoplast
comprises a polyurea, a polyurethane, and/or a polyureaurethane, in one
aspect said polyurea comprises polyoxymethyleneurea and/or melamine
formaldehyde; a polyolefin; a polysaccharide, in one aspect alginate and/or
chitosan; gelatin; shellac; an epoxy resin; a vinyl polymer; a water
insoluble inorganic; a silicone; and mixtures thereof; and
c) said deposition polymer is selected from the group consisting of a
polysaccharide, a cationically modified starch, a cationically modified
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guar, a polysiloxane, a poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium halide, a
copolymer of poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and vinyl
pyrrolidone, an acrylamide,an imidazoles, an imidazolinium a halides, an
imidazolium halide, a poly vinyl amine, a copolymer of poly vinylamine
5 and N-vinyl foimamide, a methacrylate quaternized homopolymer
and
mixtures thereof.
In one aspect, said core comprises perfume and said wall comprises melamine
formaldehyde and/or cross linked melamine formaldehyde.
In one aspect, said core comprises perfume and said wall comprises melamine
10 formaldehyde and/or cross linked melamine formaldehyde, poly(acrylic
acid) and poly(acrylic
acid-co-butyl acrylate).
In one aspect, said composition comprises an adjunct ingredient selected from
the group
consisting of additional perfume and/or perfume delivery systems.
In one aspect, said consumer product may be a liquid laundry detergent.
In one aspect said consumer product may be a fluid fabric softener. Said fluid
fabric
softener may, in one aspect, comprise, based on total fluid fabric softener
weight, from about
30% to about 90%, from about 55% to about 90%, from about 65% to about 85%, or
even from
about 70% to about 85% water.
In one aspect, the fabric enhancing active of said fluid fabric softener
comprises, as a
fabric softener active, compounds of the foimula
{R4-m - N+ - [(CH2)n - Y - Rl]m} X- (1)
wherein each R substituent is either hydrogen, a short chain C1-C6, in one
aspect. C1-C3 alkyl or
hydroxyalkyl group, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like,
poly (C2_3 alkoxy), in
one aspect, polyethoxy, benzyl, or mixtures thereof; both indices m are
identical values selected
from 2 or 3; each n is from 1 to about 4, in one aspect 2; each Y is -0-(0)C-,
-C(0)-0-, -NR-
or -C(0)-NR-; the sum of carbons in each R1, plus one when Y is -0-(0)C- or -
NR-C(0)
-, is C12-C23, in one aspect, C14-C20, with each R1 being a hydrocarbyl, or
substituted hydrocarbyl
group that contains no or some unsaturation, and X- can be any enhancer-
compatible anion, in
one aspect, chloride, bromide, methylsulfate. ethylsulfate, sulfate, and
nitrate, in one aspect
chloride or methyl sulfate;
In another embodiment, the fabric enhancing active has the general formula:
{R3N+CH2CH(YR1)(CH2YR1)1 X-
wherein each Y, R, R1, and X- have the same meanings as before. Such compounds
include
those having the formula:
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11
[CH3] N(-F)CH2CH(CH20(0)CR1)0(0)CR11 Cl(-) (2)
wherein each R is a methyl or ethyl group and in one aspect each RI is in the
range of C15 to C19.
As used herein, when the diester is specified, it can include the monoester
that is present.
These types of agents and general methods of making them are disclosed in U.S.
Pat. No.
4,137,180. An example of a DEQA (2) is the "propyl" ester quaternary ammonium
fabric
enhancer active having the foimula 1,2-di(acyloxy)-3-trimethylammoniopropane
chloride.
In another embodiment, the fabric enhancing active has the formula:
[R4-m - N+ - Rim] X- (3)
wherein each R, RI, and X- have the same meanings as before.
In yet another embodiment, the fabric enhancing active has the formula:
0 0
R2
0 0
X-
wherein each R1 and R2 is each independently a C15-C17, and wherein the C15-
C17 is unsaturated
or saturated, branched or linear, substituted or unsubstituted and X- has the
definition given
above.
In yet another embodiment, the fabric enhancing active has the formula:
0 ppl c
¨
N CH2
A
+
N ¨ CH2
R1 ¨C ¨G¨
(4)
wherein each R, R1, and A- have the definitions given above; each R2 is a C1_6
alkylene group, in
one aspect an ethylene group; and G is an oxygen atom or an -NR- group;
In another embodiment, the fabric enhancing active has the foimula:
N¨CH2
c//
RI-
0 N¨CH2
121¨C¨G-12 (5)
wherein R1, R2 and G are defined as above.
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1")
In another embodiment, the fabric enhancing actives are condensation reaction
products
of fatty acids with dialkylenetriamines in, e.g., a molecular ratio of about
2:1, said reaction
products containing compounds of the formula:
R1¨C(0)¨NH¨R2¨NH¨R3¨NH¨C(0)¨R1 (6)
.. wherein RE R2 are defined as above, and each R3 is a C1_6 alkylene group,
in one aspect, an
ethylene group and wherein the reaction products may optionally be quaternized
by the
additional of an alkylating agent such as dimethyl sulfate.
In another aspect, the fabric enhancing active has the formula:
[R1¨C(0)¨NR¨R2¨N(R)2¨R3¨NR¨C(0)¨R1]+ A- (7)
wherein R, R1, R2, R3 and A- are defined as above;
In yet another embodiment, the fabric enhancing active are reaction products
of fatty acid
with hydroxyalkylalkylenediamines in a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said
reaction products
containing compounds of the formula:
R1-C(0)-NH-R2-N(R3OH)-C(0)-R1 (8)
wherein R1, R2 and R3 are defined as above;
In another embodiment, the fabric enhancing active has the foimula:
,C)
/ \
N¨R2¨N
N N 2A
R1
(9)
wherein R, Ri, R2, and A- are defined as above.
Examples of compound (1) are N,N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl ammonium
chloride, N,N-bis(tallowoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride, N,N-
bis(stearoyl-oxy-
ethyl) N-(2 hydroxyethyl) N-methyl ammonium methylsulfate.
Examples of compound (2) is 1,2 di (stearoyl-oxy) 3 trimethyl ammoniumpropane
chloride.
Examples of Compound (3) are dialkylenedimethylammonium salts such as
dicanoladimethylammonium chloride, di(hard)tallowdimethylammonium chloride
dicanoladimethylammonium methylsulfate,. An example of commercially available
dialkylenedimethylammonium salts usable in the present invention is
dioleyldimethylammonium
chloride available from Witco Corporation under the trade name Adogen 472 and
dihardtallow
dimethylammonium chloride available from Akzo Nobel Arquad 2HT75.
An example of Compound (4) is 1-methy1-1-stearoylamidoethy1-2-
stearoylimidazolinium
methylsulfate wherein R1 is an acyclic aliphatic C15-C17 hydrocarbon group, R2
is an ethylene
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13
group, G is a NH group. R5 is a methyl group and A- is a methyl sulfate anion,
available
commercially from the Witco Corporation under the trade name Varisoft0.
An example of Compound (5) is 1-tallowylamidoethy1-2-tallowylimidazoline
wherein R1
is an acyclic aliphatic C15-C17 hydrocarbon group, R2 is an ethylene group,
and G is a NH group.
An example of Compound (6) is the reaction products of fatty acids with
diethylenetriamine in a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said reaction product
mixture containing
N,N"-dialkyldiethylenetriamine with the formula:
R1-C(0)-NH-CH2CH,-NH-CH2CH2-NH-C(0)-R1
wherein R1-C(0) is an alkyl group of a commercially available fatty acid
derived from a
vegetable or animal source, such as Emersol0 223LL or Emersol0 7021, available
from Henkel
Corporation, and R2 and R3 are divalent ethylene groups.
An example of Compound (7) is a difatty amidoamine based enhancer having the
formula:
[R1-C(0)-NH-CH2CH2-N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH)-CH2CH2-NH-C(0)-R1l+ CH3SO4-
wherein R1-C(0) is an alkyl group, available commercially from the Witco
Corporation e.g.
under the trade name Vans oft 222LT.
An example of Compound (8) is the reaction products of fatty acids with N-2-
hydroxyethylethylenediamine in a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said reaction
product mixture
containing a compound of the formula:
R1-C(0)-NH-CH2CH7-N(CH2CH2OH)-C(0)-R1
wherein R1-C(0) is an alkyl group of a commercially available fatty acid
derived from a
vegetable or animal source, such as Emersol0 223LL or Emersol0 7021, available
from Henkel
Corporation.
An example of Compound (9) is the diquaternary compound having the foimula:
-2
_________________________ CH3 CH3\ /
/ /
N¨CH7CH2¨N 2CH3SO4
N N
R1
wherein R1 is derived from fatty acid, and the compound is available from
Witco Company.
It will be understood that combinations of enhancer actives disclosed above
are suitable for use
in this invention.
In the cationic nitrogenous salts herein, the anion A- , which is any enhancer
compatible
anion, provides electrical neutrality. Most often, the anion used to provide
electrical neutrality in
these salts is from a strong acid, especially a halide, such as chloride,
bromide, or iodide.
However, other anions can be used, such as methylsulfate, ethylsulfate,
acetate, formate, sulfate,
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14
carbonate, and the like. Chloride and methylsulfate are suitable herein as
anion A. The anion can
also, but less preferably, carry a double charge in which case A- represents
half a group.
In one aspect, said consumer product may comprise a sufficient amount of
slurry and/or
encapsulate to provide said consumer product with an efficiency polymer level,
based on total
consumer product weight, of from about 0.0001% to about 0.1%, about 0.001% to
about 0.1%, or
even from about 0.001% to about 0.05%.
In one aspect, said consumer product may comprise a material selected from the
group
consisting of an anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, silicone and
mixtures thereof, said
consumer product may also have:
a) an anionic surfactant to efficiency polymer ratio of from about
100.000:1 to about 1:1,
from about 25.000:1 to about 10:1, or even from about 10.000:1 to about 100:1;
b) a cationic surfactant to efficiency polymer ratio of from about
100.000:1 to about 1:1,
from about 25.000:1 to about 10:1, or even from about 10.000:1 to about 100:
1; and/or
c) a silicone to efficiency polymer ratio of from about 100.000:1 to about
1:1 from about
25.000:1 to about 10:1, or even from about 10.000:1 to about 100:1.
In one aspect, a consumer product said consumer product being a fluid
detergent and
comprising, based on total fluid detergent weight, less then about 80% water,
less than about
60% to about 2% water, from about 45% to about 7% water, from about 35% to
about 9% water
is disclosed.
In one aspect, compositions of the present invention, for example shampoos,
may include
the following components:
A. Detersive Surfactant
The composition of the present invention may include a detersive surfactant.
The
detersive surfactant component may comprise anionic detersive surfactant,
zwitterionic or
amphoteric detersive surfactant, or a combination thereof. The concentration
of the anionic
surfactant component in the composition should be sufficient to provide the
desired cleaning and
lather performance, and generally range from about 5% to about 50%.
Anionic surfactants suitable for use in the compositions are the alkyl and
alkyl ether
sulfates. Other suitable anionic detersive surfactants are the water-soluble
salts of organic,
sulfuric acid reaction products conforming to the formula [ R1-S03-M ] where
RI is a straight or
branched chain, saturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 8
to about 24, or
about 10 to about 18, carbon atoms; and M is a cation described hereinbefore.
Still other
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suitable anionic detersive surfactants are the reaction products of fatty
acids esterified with
isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide where, for example, the
fatty acids are
derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil; sodium or potassium salts of
fatty acid amides of
methyl tauride in which the fatty acids, for example, are derived fn)m coconut
oil or palm kernel
5 oil.
Other anionic detersive surfactants suitable for use in the compositions are
the
succinnates, examples of which include disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinnate;
disodium lauryl
sulfosuccinate; diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate; tetrasodium N-(1,2-
dicarboxyethyl)-N-
octadecylsulfosuccinnate; diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; dihexyl
ester of sodium
10 sulfosuccinic acid; and dioctyl esters of sodium sulfosuccinic acid.
Other suitable anionic detersive surfactants include olefin sulfonates having
about 10 to
about 24 carbon atoms. In addition to the true alkene sulfonates and a
proportion of
hydroxy-alkanesulfonates, the olefin sulfonates can contain minor amounts of
other materials,
such as alkene disulfonates depending upon the reaction conditions, proportion
of reactants, the
15 nature of the starting olefins and impurities in the olefin stock and
side reactions during the
sulfonation process.
Another class of anionic detersive surfactants suitable for use in the
compositions is the
beta-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates. These surfactants conform to the formula
OR' H
________________________________________ SO3M
H H
where R1 is a straight chain alkyl group having from about 6 to about 20
carbon atoms, R2 is a
lower alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, or even 1
carbon atom. and M is
a water-soluble cation.
B. Cationic Surfactant System
The composition of the present invention may comprise a cationic surfactant
system. The
cationic surfactant system can be one cationic surfactant or a mixture of two
or more cationic
surfactants. If present, the cationic surfactant system is included in the
composition at a level by
weight of from about 0.1% to about 10%, from about 0.5% to about 8%, from
about 1% to about
5%, or even from about 1.4% to about 4%, in view of balance among ease-to-
rinse feel, rheology
and wet conditioning benefits.
A variety of cationic surfactants including mono- and di-alkyl chain cationic
surfactants
can be used in the compositions of the present invention. Examples of suitable
materials include
mono-alkyl chain cationic surfactants in view of the desired gel matrix and
wet conditioning
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S2014/051963
16
benefits. The mono-alkyl cationic surfactants are those having one long alkyl
chain which has
from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, from 16 to 22 carbon atoms, or a C18-C22 alkyl
group, in view of
providing balanced wet conditioning benefits. The remaining groups attached to
nitrogen are
independently selected from an alkyl group of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms
or an alkoxy,
polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having up
to about 4 carbon
atoms. Such mono-alkyl cationic surfactants include, for example, mono-alkyl
quaternary
ammonium salts and mono-alkyl amines. Mono-alkyl quaternary ammonium salts
include, for
example, those having a non-functionalized long alkyl chain. Mono-alkyl amines
include, for
example, mono-alkyl amidoamines and salts thereof.
Mono-long alkyl quaternized ammonium salts useful herein are those having the
formula
(II):
(II) 75
76 I 0
R -N -n78 Xe
I 77
wherein one of R75, R76, R77 and R78 is selected from an alkyl group of from
12 to 30 carbon
atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl
or alkylaryl
group having up to about 10 carbon atoms; the remainder of R75, R76, R77 and
R78 are
independently selected from an alkyl group of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms
or an alkoxy,
polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having up
to about 4 carbon
atoms; and X- is a salt-foiming anion such as those selected from halogen,
(e.g. chloride,
bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate,
sulfate, alkylsulfate,
and alkyl sulfonate radicals. The alkyl groups can contain, in addition to
carbon and hydrogen
atoms, ether and/or ester linkages, and other groups such as amino groups. The
longer chain
alkyl groups, e.g., those of about 12 carbons, or higher, can be saturated or
unsaturated. In one
aspectõ one of R75, R76, R77 and R78 is selected from an alkyl group of from
12 to 30 carbon
atoms, in another aspect, from 16 to 22 carbon atoms, in another aspect, from
18 to 22 carbon
atoms, or even 22 carbon atoms; the remainder of R75, R76, R77 and R78 are
independently
selected from CH3, C2H5, C2H4OH, and mixtures thereof; and X is selected from
the group
consisting of Cl, Br, CH30503, C2H50503, and mixtures thereof.
Examples of suitable mono-long alkyl quaternized ammonium salt cationic
surfactants
include: behenyl trimethyl ammonium salt; stearyl trimethyl ammonium salt;
cetyl trimethyl
ammonium salt; and hydrogenated tallow alkyl trimethyl ammonium salt. Among
them, highly
useful materials are behenyl trimethyl ammonium salt and stearyl trimethyl
ammonium salt.
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Mono-alkyl amines are also suitable as cationic surfactants. Primary,
secondary, and
tertiary fatty amines are useful. Particularly useful are tertiary amido
amines having an alkyl
group of from about 12 to about 22 carbons. Exemplary tertiary amido amines
include:
stearami dopropyl di m ethyl amine, stearami dopropyl di ethyl ami ne,
stearami doethyl di ethyl am i ne,
stearamidoethyldimethylamine,
palmitamidopropyldimethylamine,
palmitamidopropyldiethylamine,
palmitamidoethyldiethylamine,
palmitamidoethyldimethylamine,
behenamidopropyldimethyl amine,
behenamidopropyldiethylamine, behenamidoethyldiethylamine,
behenamidoethyldimethylamine,
arachidamidopropyldimethylamine,
arachidamidopropyldiethyl amine,
arachidamidoethyldiethylamine, arachidamidoethyldimethylamine,
diethylaminoethylstearamide.
These amines can also be used in combination with acids such as f-glutamic
acid, lactic acid,
hydrochloric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid,
tartaric acid, citric acid, f-
glutamic hydrochloride, maleic acid, and mixtures thereof; in one aspect, f-
glutamic acid, lactic
acid, citric acid are highly useful. In one aspect, amines herein are
partially neutralized with any
of the acids at a molar ratio of the amine to the acid of from about 1 : 0.3
to about 1 : 2, or even
from about 1: 0.4 to about 1: 1.
Although the mono-alkyl chain cationic surfactants are useful, other cationic
surfactants
such as di-alkyl chain cationic surfactants may also be used alone, or in
combination with the
mono-alkyl chain cationic surfactants. Such di-alkyl chain cationic
surfactants include, for
example, dialkyl (14-18) dimethyl ammonium chloride, ditallow alkyl dimethyl
ammonium
chloride, dihydrogenated tallow alkyl di methyl ammonium chloride, distearyl
di methyl
ammonium chloride, and dicetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
C. High Melting Point Fatty Compound
The composition of the present invention may include a high melting point
fatty
compound. The high melting point fatty compound useful herein has a melting
point of 25 C or
higher, and is selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty
acids, fatty alcohol
derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, and mixtures thereof. It is understood by
the artisan that the
compounds disclosed in this section of the specification can in some instances
fall into more than
one classification, e.g., some fatty alcohol derivatives can also be
classified as fatty acid
derivatives. However, a given classification is not intended to be a
limitation on that particular
compound, but is done so for convenience of classification and nomenclature.
Further, it is
understood by the artisan that, depending on the number and position of double
bonds, and length
and position of the branches, certain compounds having certain required carbon
atoms may have
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18
a melting point of less than 25 C. Such compounds of low melting point are not
intended to be
included in this section.
Among a variety of high melting point fatty compounds, fatty alcohols are used
in one
aspect the present invention. The fatty alcohols useful herein are those
having from about 14 to
about 30 carbon atoms, or even from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These
fatty alcohols are
saturated and can be straight or branched chain alcohols. In one aspect, fatty
alcohols include,
for example, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures
thereof.
High melting point fatty compounds of a single compound of high purity are
typically
used. In one aspect, single compounds of pure fatty alcohols selected from the
group of pure
cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol are employed. By "pure"
herein, what is
meant is that the compound has a purity of at least about 90%, or even at
least about 95%. These
single compounds of high purity provide good rinsability from the hair when
the consumer rinses
off the composition.
The high melting point fatty compound is included in the composition at a
level of from
about 0.1% to about 40%, from about 1% to about 30%, from about 1.5% to about
16% by
weight of the composition, or even from about 1.5% to about 8% in view of
providing improved
conditioning benefits such as slippery feel during the application to wet
hair, softness and
moisturized feel on dry hair.
D. Cationic Polymers
The compositions of the present invention may contain a cationic polymer.
Concentrations of the cationic polymer in the composition typically range from
about 0.05% to
about 3%, in another embodiment from about 0.075% to about 2.0%, and in yet
another
embodiment from about 0.1% to about L0%. Suitable cationic polymers will have
cationic
charge densities of at least about 0.5 meg/gm, in another embodiment at least
about 0.9 meg/gm,
in another embodiment at least about 1.2 meg/gm, in yet another embodiment at
least about 1.5
meg/gm, but in one embodiment also less than about 7 meg/gm, and in another
embodiment less
than about 5 meg/gm, at the pH of intended use of the composition, which pH
will generally
range from about pH 3 to about pH 9, in one embodiment between about pH 4 and
about pH 8.
Herein, "cationic charge density" of a polymer refers to the ratio of the
number of positive
charges on the polymer to the molecular weight of the polymer. The average
molecular weight
of such suitable cationic polymers will generally be between about 10,000 and
10 million, in one
embodiment between about 50,000 and about 5 million, and in another embodiment
between
about 100,000 and about 3 million.
Suitable cationic polymers for use in the compositions of the present
invention contain
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19
cationic nitrogen-containing moieties such as quaternary ammonium or cationic
protonated
amino moieties. The cationic protonated amines can be primary, secondary, or
tertiary amines (in
one aspect, secondary or tertiary), depending upon the particular species and
the selected pH of
the composition. Any anionic counterion can be used in association with the
cationic polymers
so long as the polymers remain soluble in water, in the composition, or in a
coacervate phase of
the composition, and so long as the counterions are physically and chemically
compatible with
the essential components of the composition Or do not otherwise unduly impair
product
performance, stability or aesthetics. Non limiting examples of such
counterions include halides
(e.g., chloride, fluoride, bromide, iodide), sulfate and methyl sulfate.
Non limiting examples of suitable cationic polymers include copolymers of
vinyl
monomers having cationic protonated amine Or quaternary ammonium
functionalities with water
soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl
acrylamides,
alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, vinyl
caprolactone or vinyl
pyrrolidone.
Suitable cationic protonated amino and quaternary ammonium monomers, for
inclusion in
the cationic polymers of the composition herein, include vinyl compounds
substituted with
dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate,
monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylate,
monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, trialkyl methacryloxyalkyl ammonium salt,
trialkyl
acryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, diallyl quaternary ammonium salts, and vinyl
quaternary
ammonium monomers having cyclic cationic nitrogen-containing rings such as
pyridinium,
imidazolium, and quaternized pyrrolidone, e.g., alkyl vinyl imidazolium, alkyl
vinyl pyridinium,
alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts.
Other suitable cationic polymers for use in the compositions include
copolymers of 1-
vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salt (e.g., chloride salt)
(referred to in the
industry by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, "CTFA", as
Polyquaternium-16);
copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate
(referred to in the
industry by CTFA as Polyquaternium-11); cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-
containing
polymers, including, for example, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride
homopolymer, copolymers
of acrylamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (referred to in the
industry by CTFA as
Polyquaternium 6 and Polyquaternium 7, respectively); amphoteric copolymers of
acrylic acid
including copolymers of acrylic acid and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride
(referred to in the
industry by CTFA as Polyquaternium 22), terpolymers of acrylic acid with
dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide (referred to in the industry
by CTFA as
Polyquaternium 39), and terpolymers of acrylic acid with methacrylamidopropyl
CA 02922800 2016-10-05
trimethylammonium chloride and methyl acrylate (referred to in the industry by
CITA as
Polyquatemium 47). In one aspect, cationic substituted monomers may be the
cationic
substituted dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamides, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamides,
and
combinations thereof. Such monomers conform the to the formula
R3
R2- N+ - R4 X
(CH2)n
NH
C=0
-[-CH21+
5 R1
wherein RI is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; each of R2, R3 and R4 are
independently hydrogen or a
short chain alkyl having from about 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, from about 1 to
about 5 carbon
atoms, or even from about Ito about 2 carbon atoms; n is an integer having a
value of from
about 1 to about 8, or even from about 1 to about 4; and X is a counterion.
The nitrogen attached
10 to R2, R3 and R4 may be a protonated amine (primary, secondary or
tertiary), but is in one aspect,
a quaternary ammonium wherein each of R2, R3 and R4 are alkyl groups a non
limiting example
of which is polymethacrylamidopropyl trimonium chloride, available under the
trademark
Polycare 133, from Rhone-Poulenc, Cranberry, N.J., U.S.A.
Other suitable cationic polymers for use in the composition include
polysaccharide
15 polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch
derivatives. Suitable cationic
polysaccharide polymers include those which conform to the formula
A-0¨ER¨N+¨R3X)
wherein A is an anhydroglucose residual group, such as a starch or cellulose
anhydroglucose
residual; R is an alkylene oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene, or hydroxyalkylene
group, or
20 combination thereof; RI, R2, and R3 independently are alkyl, aryl,
alkylaryl, arylalkyl,
alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon
atoms, and the
total number of carbon atoms for each cationic moiety (i.e., the sum of carbon
atoms in R1, R2
and R3) is typically about 20 or less; and X is an anionic counterion as
described in hereinbefore.
Useful cationic cellulose polymers include salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose
reacted with
trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as
Polyquatemium
CA 02922800 2016-10-05
21
and available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA) in their UcareTM Polymer
LR,
UcareT. m Polymer JR, and UcareTM Polymer KG series of polymers. Other
suitable types of
cationic cellulose include the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of
hydroxyethyl cellulose
reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide referred to in the
industry (CTFA)
5 as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Amerchol Corp.
under the trademark
UcareTM Polymer LM-200.
Other suitable cationic polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives, such
as guar
hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, specific examples of which include the Jaguar
series
commercially available from Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated and the N-Hance series
10 commercially available from Aqualon Division of Hercules, Inc. Other
suitable cationic
polymers include quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers. Other
suitable polymers
include synthetic polymers. Other suitable cationic polymers include
copolymers of etherified
cellulose, guar and starch. When used, the cationic polymers herein are either
soluble in the
composition or are soluble in a complex coacervate phase in the composition
formed by the
cationic polymer and the anionic, amphoteric and/or zwitterionic detersive
surfactant component
described hereinbefore. Complex coacervates of the cationic polymer can also
be formed with
other charged materials in the composition.
E. Nonionic polymers
The composition of the present invention may include a nonionic polymer.
Polyalkylene
glycols having a molecular weight of more than about 1000 are useful herein.
Useful are those
having the following general formula:
H(OCH2CH)OH
R95
wherein R95 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and mixtures
thereof.
Polyethylene glycol polymers useful herein are PEG-2M (also known as Polyox
WSR N-10,
which is available from Union Carbide and as PEG-2,000); PEG-5M (also known as
Polyox
WSR N-35 and Polyox WSR N-80, available from Union Carbide and as PEG-5,000
and
Polyethylene Glycol 300,000); PEG-7M (also known as Polyox WSR N-750
available from
Union Carbide); PEG-9M (also known as Polyox WSR N-3333 available from Union
Carbide);
and PEG-14 M (also known as Polyox WSR N-3000 available from Union Carbide).
F. Conditioning agents
Conditioning agents, and in particular silicones, may be included in the
composition.
Conditioning agents include any material which is used to give a particular
conditioning benefit
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2")
to hair and/or skin. In hair treatment compositions, suitable conditioning
agents are those which
deliver one or more benefits relating to shine, softness, compatibility,
antistatic properties, wet-
handling, damage, manageability, body, and greasiness. The conditioning agents
useful in the
compositions of the present invention typically comprise a water insoluble,
water dispersible,
.. non-volatile, liquid that forms emulsified, liquid particles. Suitable
conditioning agents for use in
the composition are those conditioning agents characterized generally as
silicones (e.g., silicone
oils, cationic silicones, silicone gums, high refractive silicones, and
silicone resins), organic
conditioning oils (e.g., hydrocarbon oils, polyolefins, and fatty esters) or
combinations thereof,
or those conditioning agents which otherwise form liquid, dispersed particles
in the aqueous
.. surfactant matrix herein. Such conditioning agents should be physically and
chemically
compatible with the essential components of the composition, and should not
otherwise unduly
impair product stability, aesthetics or performance.
The concentration of the conditioning agent in the composition should be
sufficient to
provide the desired conditioning benefits, and as will be apparent to one of
ordinary skill in the
.. art. Such concentration can vary with the conditioning agent, the
conditioning performance
desired, the average size of the conditioning agent particles, the type and
concentration of other
components, and other like factors.
1. Silicones
The conditioning agent of the compositions of the present invention can be an
insoluble
.. silicone conditioning agent. The silicone conditioning agent particles may
comprise volatile
silicone, non-volatile silicones, or combinations thereof. In one aspect, non-
volatile silicones
conditioning agents are employed. If volatile silicones are present, it will
typically be incidental
to their use as a solvent or carrier for commercially available forms of non-
volatile silicone
materials ingredients, such as silicone gums and resins. The silicone
conditioning agent particles
.. may comprise a silicone fluid conditioning agent and may also comprise
other ingredients, such
as a silicone resin to improve silicone fluid deposition efficiency or enhance
glossiness of the
hair.
The concentration of the silicone conditioning agent typically ranges from
about 0.01%
to about 10%, from about 0.1% to about 8%, from about 0.1% to about 5%, or
even from about
.. 0.2% to about 3%. The silicone conditioning agents for use in the
compositions of the present
invention typically have a viscosity, as measured at 25 C, from about 20
centistokes to about
2,000,000 centistokes ("cst"), from about 1,000 cst to about 1,800,000 cst,
from about 50,000cst
to about 1,500,000 cst, or even from about 100,000 cst to about 1,500.000 csk.
The dispersed silicone conditioning agent particles typically have a number
average
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23
particle diameter ranging from about 0.01 m to about 50p.m. For small particle
application to
hair, the number average particle diameters typically range from about 0.01 wn
to about 4iim,
from about 0.01p,m to about 21,1m, or even from about 001 Lm to about 0.5p,m.
For larger
particle application to hair, the number average particle diameters typically
range from about
4 ,m to about 501.1m, from about 61.1m to about 301.tm, from about 91.1.m to
about 20p.m, or even
from about 12iim to about 18[tm.
a. Silicone oils
Silicone fluids may include silicone oils, which are flowable silicone
materials having a
viscosity, as measured at 25 C, less than L000,000 cst, from about 5 cst to
about L000,000 cst,
or even from about 100 cst to about 600,000 cst. Suitable silicone oils for
use in the
compositions of the present invention include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl
siloxanes,
polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof.
Other insoluble,
non-volatile silicone fluids having hair conditioning properties may also be
used.
b. Amino and Cationic silicones
Compositions of the present invention may include an aminosilicone.
Aminosilicones, as
provided herein, are silicones containing at least one primary amine,
secondary amine, tertiary
amine, or a quaternary ammonium group. Useful aminosilicones may have less
than about 0.5%
nitrogen by weight of the aminosilicone. less than about 0.2%, or even less
than about 0.1%.
Higher levels of nitrogen (amine functional groups) in the amino silicone tend
to result in less
friction reduction, and consequently less conditioning benefit from the
aminosilicone. It should
be understood that in some product forms, higher levels of nitrogen are
acceptable in accordance
with the present invention.
In one aspect, the aminosilicones used in the present invention have a
particle size of less
than about 50 . once incorporated into the final composition. The particle
size measurement is
taken from dispersed droplets in the final composition. Particle size may be
measured by means
of a laser light scattering technique, using a Horiba model LA-930 Laser
Scattering Particle Size
Distribution Analyzer (Horiba Instruments, Inc.).
In one embodiment, the aminosilicone typically has a viscosity of from about
1,000 cst
(centistokes) to about 1,000.000 cst, from about 10,000 to about 700,000 cst,
from about 50,000
cst to about 500,000 cst, or even from about 100,000 cst to about 400,000 cst.
This embodiment
may also comprise a low viscosity fluid, such as, for example, those materials
described below in
Section F.(1). The viscosity of aminosilicones discussed herein is measured at
25 C.
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In another embodiment, the aminosilicone typically has a viscosity of from
about 1.000
cst to about 100,000 cst, from about 2,000 cst to about 50,000 cst, from about
4,000 cst to about
40,000 cst, or even from about 6,000 cst to about 30,000 es.
The aminosilicone typically is contained in the composition of the present
invention at a
level by weight of from about 0.05% to about 20%, from about 0.1% to about
10%, and or even
from about 0.3% to about 5%.
c. Silicone gums
Other silicone fluids suitable for use in the compositions of the present
invention are the
insoluble silicone gums. These gums are polyorganosiloxane materials having a
viscosity, as
measured at 25 C, of greater than or equal to 1,000,000 csk. Specific non-
limiting examples of
silicone gums for use in the compositions of the present invention include
polydimethylsiloxane,
(polydimethylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane)
(diphenyl
siloxane)(methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer and mixtures thereof.
d. High refractive index silicones
Other non-volatile, insoluble silicone fluid conditioning agents that are
suitable for use in
the compositions of the present invention are those known as "high refractive
index silicones,"
having a refractive index of at least about 1.46, at least about 1.48, m at
least about 1.52, or even
at least about 1.55. The refractive index of the polysiloxane fluid will
generally be less than
about 1.70, typically less than about 1.60. In this context, polysiloxane
"fluid" includes oils as
well as gums.
The high refractive index polysiloxane fluid includes those represented by
general
Formula (III) above, as well as cyclic polysiloxanes such as those represented
by Formula (VIII)
below:
[ 0]
wherein R is as defined above, and n is a number from about 3 to about 7, or
even from about 3
to about 5.
e. Silicone resins
Silicone resins may be included in the conditioning agent of the compositions
of the
present invention. These resins are highly cross-linked polymeric siloxane
systems. The cross-
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linking is introduced through the incorporation of trifunctional and
tetrafunctional silanes with
monofunctional or difunctional, or both, silanes during manufacture of the
silicone resin.
Silicone materials and silicone resins in particular, can conveniently be
identified
according to a shorthand nomenclature system known to those of ordinary skill
in the art as
5 "MDTQ" nomenclature. Under this system, the silicone is described
according to presence of
various siloxane monomer units which make up the silicone. Briefly, the symbol
M denotes the
monofunctional unit (CH3)3Si00.5; D denotes the difunctional unit (CH3)9Si0; T
denotes the
trifunctional unit (CH3)Si01.5; and Q denotes the quadra- or tetra-functional
unit SiO2. Primes
of the unit symbols (e.g. M', D', T', and Q') denote substituents other than
methyl, and must be
10 specifically defined for each occurrence.
In one aspect, silicone resins for use in the compositions of the present
invention include,
but are not limited to MQ, MT, MTQ, MDT and MDTQ resins. In one aspect, Methyl
is a highly
suitable silicone substituent. In another aspect, silicone resins are
typically MQ resins, wherein
the M:Q ratio is typically from about 0.5:1.0 to about 1.5:1.0 and the average
molecular weight
15 of the silicone resin is typically from about 1000 to about 10,000.
f. Modified silicones or silicone copolymers
Other modified silicones or silicone copolymers are also useful herein.
Examples include
silicone-based quaternary ammonium compounds (Kennan quats), end-terminal
quaternary
siloxanes; silicone aminopolyalkyleneoxide block copolymers; hydrophilic
silicone emulsions;
20 and polymers made up of one or more crosslinked rake or comb silicone
copolymer segments.
In alternative embodiments of the present invention, the above-noted silicone-
based
quaternary ammonium compounds may be combined with the silicone polymers.
2. Organic conditioning oils
The compositions of the present invention may also comprise from about 0.05%
to about
25 3%, from about 0.08% to about 1.5%, or even from about 0.1% to about 1%,
of at least one
organic conditioning oil as the conditioning agent, either alone or in
combination with other
conditioning agents, such as the silicones (described herein). Suitable
conditioning oils include
hydrocarbon oils, polyolefins, and fatty esters. Suitable hydrocarbon oils
include, but are not
limited to, hydrocarbon oils having at least about 10 carbon atoms, such as
cyclic hydrocarbons,
straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated), and branched
chain aliphatic
hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated), including polymers and mixtures
thereof. Straight chain
hydrocarbon oils are typically from about C12 to about C19. Branched chain
hydrocarbon oils,
including hydrocarbon polymers, typically will contain more than 19 carbon
atoms. Suitable
polyolefins include liquid polyolefins, liquid poly-a-olefins, or even
hydrogenated liquid poly-a-
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26
olefins. Polyolefins for use herein may be prepared by polymerization of C4 to
about C14 or
even C6 to about C12. Suitable fatty esters include, but are not limited to,
fatty esters having at
least 10 carbon atoms. These fatty esters include esters with hydrocarbyl
chains derived from
fatty acids or alcohols (e.g. mono-esters, polyhydric alcohol esters, and di-
and tri-carboxylic
acid esters). The hydrocarbyl radicals of the fatty esters hereof may include
or have covalently
bonded thereto other compatible functionalities, such as amides and alkoxy
moieties (e.g., ethoxy
or ether linkages, etc.).
3. Other conditioning agents
Also suitable for use in the compositions herein are the conditioning agents.
G. Anti-dandruff Actives
The compositions of the present invention may also contain an anti-dandruff
agent.
Suitable, non-limiting examples of anti-dandruff actives include:
antimicrobial actives,
pyridinethione salts, azoles. selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur,
keratolytic acid, salicylic acid,
octopirox (piroctone olamine), coal tar, and combinations thereof. In one
aspect, the anti-
dandruff actives typically are pyridinethione salts. Such anti-dandruff
particulate should be
physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the
composition, and
should not otherwise unduly impair product stability, aesthetics or
performance.
It is contemplated that when ZPT is used as the anti-dandruff particulate in
the
compositions herein, that the growth or re-growth of hair may be stimulated or
regulated, or
both, or that hair loss may be reduced or inhibited, or that hair may appear
thicker or fuller.
H. Humectant
The compositions of the present invention may contain a humectant. The
humectants
herein are selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, water
soluble alkoxylated
nonionic polymers, and mixtures thereof. The humectants, when used herein, are
typically used
at levels of from about 0.1% to about 20%, or even from about 0.5% to about
5%.
I. Suspending Agent
The compositions of the present invention may further comprise a suspending
agent at
concentrations effective for suspending water-insoluble material in dispersed
form in the
compositions or for modifying the viscosity of the composition. Such
concentrations range from
about 0.1% to about 10%, or even from about 0.3% to about 5.0%.
Suspending agents useful herein include anionic polymers and nonionic
polymers. Useful
herein are vinyl polymers such as cross linked acrylic acid polymers with the
CTFA name
CA 02922800 2016-10-05
27
Carbomer, cellulose derivatives and modified cellulose polymers such as methyl
cellulose, ethyl
cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, nitro
cellulose, sodium
cellulose sulfate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, crystalline cellulose,
cellulose powder,
polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum,
xanthan gum,
arabia gum, tragacanth, galactan, carob gum, guar gum, karaya gum,
carrageenan, pectin, agar,
quince seed (Cydonia oblonga Mill), starch (rice, corn, potato, wheat), algae
colloids (algae
extract), microbiological polymers such as dextran, succinoglucan, pulleran,
starch-based
polymers such as carboxymethyl starch, methylhydroxypropyl starch, alginic
acid-based
polymers such as sodium alginate, alginic acid propylene glycol esters,
acrylate polymers such as
sodium polyacrylate, polyethylacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine, and
inorganic water
soluble material such as bentonite, aluminum magnesium silicate, laponite,
hectonite, and
anhydrous silicic acid.
Commercially available viscosity modifiers highly useful herein include
Carbomers with
trademarks Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, Carbopol 950, Carbopol 980, and
Carbopol 981,
all available from B. F. Goodrich Company, acrylates/steareth-20 methacrylate
copolymer with
trademark ACRYSOLTM 22 available from Rohm and Hass, nonoxynyl
hydroxyethylcellulose
with trademark AmercellTM POLYMER HM-1500 available from Amerchol,
methylcellulose
with trademark BENECEL , hydroxyethyl cellulose with trademark NATROSOL ,
hydroxypropyl cellulose with trademark KLUCEL , cetyl hydroxyethyl cellulose
with trademark
POLY SURF 67, all supplied by Hercules, ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide
based
polymers with trademarks CARBOWAX PEGs, POLYOX WASRs, and UCON FLUIDS, all
supplied by Amerchol. Other optional suspending agents include crystalline
suspending agents
which can be categorized as acyl derivatives, long chain amine oxides, and
mixtures thereof.
These suspending agents include ethylene glycol esters of fatty acids in one
aspect having
from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. In one aspect, useful suspending
agents include
ethylene glycol stearates, both mono and distearate, but in one aspect, the
distearate containing
less than about 7% of the mono stearate. Other suitable suspending agents
include alkanol
amides of fatty acids, having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, or even
about 16 to 18
carbon atoms, examples of which include stearic monoethanolamide, stearic
diethanolamide,
stearic monoisopropanolamide and stearic monoethanolamide stearate. Other long
chain acyl
derivatives include long chain esters of long chain fatty acids (e.g., stearyl
stearate, cetyl
palmitate, etc.); long chain esters of long chain alkanol amides (e.g.,
stearamide diethanolamide
distearate, stearamide monoethanolamide stearate); and glyceryl esters (e.g.,
glyceryl distearate,
trihydroxystearin, tribehenin) a commercial example of which is Thixin R
available from
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Rheox, Inc. Long chain acyl derivatives, ethylene glycol esters of long chain
carboxylic acids,
long chain amine oxides, and alkanol amides of long chain carboxylic acids in
addition to the
materials listed above may be used as suspending agents.
Other long chain acyl derivatives suitable for use as suspending agents
include N,N-
dihydrocarbyl amido benzoic acid and soluble salts thereof (e.g., Na, K),
particularly N,N-
di(hydrogenated) C16, C18 and tallow amido benzoic acid species of this
family, which are
commercially available from Stepan Company (Northfield, Ill., USA).
Examples of suitable long chain amine oxides for use as suspending agents
include alkyl
dimethyl amine oxides, e.g., stearyl dimethyl amine oxide.
Other suitable suspending agents include primary amines having a fatty alkyl
moiety
having at least about 16 carbon atoms, examples of which include palmitamine
or stearamine,
and secondary amines having two fatty alkyl moieties each having at least
about 12 carbon
atoms, examples of which include dipalmitoylamine or di(hydrogenated
tallow)amine. Still
other suitable suspending agents include di(hydrogenated tallow)phthalic acid
amide, and
crosslinked maleic anhydride-methyl vinyl ether copolymer.
J. Aqueous Carrier
The formulations of the present invention can be in the form of pourable
liquids (under
ambient conditions). Such compositions will therefore typically comprise an
aqueous carrier,
which is present at a level of from about 20% to about 95%, or even from about
60% to about
85%. The aqueous carrier may comprise water, or a miscible mixture of water
and organic
solvent, and in one aspect may comprise water with minimal or no significant
concentrations of
organic solvent, except as otherwise incidentally incorporated into the
composition as minor
ingredients of other essential or optional components.
The carrier useful in the present invention includes water and water solutions
of lower
alkyl alcohols and polyhydric alcohols. The lower alkyl alcohols useful herein
are monohydric
alcohols having 1 to 6 carbons, in one aspect, ethanol and isopropanol. The
polyhydric alcohols
useful herein include propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, and propane
diol.
K. Dispersed Particles
The compositions may optionally comprise particles. The particles may be
dispersed
water-insoluble particles. The particles may be inorganic, synthetic, or semi-
synthetic. In one
embodiment, the particles have an average mean particle size of less than
about 300 gm.
L. Gel Matrix
The above cationic surfactants, together with high melting point fatty
compounds and an
aqueous carrier, may form a gel matrix in the composition of the present
invention.
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29
The gel matrix is suitable for providing various conditioning benefits such as
slippery feel
during the application to wet hair and softness and moisturized feel on dry
hair. In view of
providing the above gel matrix, the cationic surfactant and the high melting
point fatty compound
are contained at a level such that the weight ratio of the cationic surfactant
to the high melting
point fatty compound is in the range of, from about 1:1 to about 1:10, or even
from about 1:1 to
about 1:6.
Process of Making
In one aspect, a process of making the compositions disclosed herein comprises
combining a perfume microcapsule and a deposition polymer and then combining
said
combination of perfume microcapsule and deposition polymer with a material
selected from the
group consisting of a fabric enhancer, an enzyme, surfactant, a builder, a
dye, a hueing agent, a
nonaqueous solvent, a suds suppressor, a bleaching agent, chelating agents,
optical brighteners,
dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants, clay soil removal/anti-
redeposition agents,
structurants, perfumes, deposition agents, silicones, rheology modifiers,
preservatives, stabilizers,
and mixtures thereof.
In one aspect, a process of making a composition comprising: combining a
material
selected from the group consisting of a material selected from the group
consisting of a fabric
enhancer, an enzyme, surfactant, a builder, a dye, a hueing agent, a
nonaqueous solvent, a suds
suppressor, a bleaching agent, chelating agents, optical brighteners, dye
transfer inhibiting
agents, dispersants, clay soil removal/anti-redeposition agents, dye polymer
conjugates; dye clay
conjugates, structurants, perfumes, deposition agents, silicones, rheology
modifiers.
preservatives, stabilizers, and mixtures thereof with a slurry produced by the
process of
a) adjusting the pH of a slurry of particles having an anionic
charge, in one aspect a
charge of from -1 mV to -100 naV, to a value below the pKa of the particle and
the
cationic polymer;
b) combining slurry and said cationic polymer and dispersing said combined
slurry
and cationic polymer with mechanical energy
c) adjusting the pH of said combined slurry and cationic polymer to
a value above
the pKa of said slurry of particles but below the pKa of the cationic polymer;
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d) combining said combined slurry and cationic polymer;
is disclosed.
Suitable capsules can be purchased from Appvi on Inc. of Appleton, Wisconsin
USA or
5 made in accordance with the teachings in the art.
In addition, the materials for making the aforementioned encapsulates can be
obtained
from CP Kelco Corp. of San Diego, California, USA; BASF AG of Ludwigshafen,
Germany;
Rhodia Corp. of Cranbury, New Jersey, USA; Hercules Corp. of Wilmington,
Delaware, USA;
Agrium Inc. of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 'SP of New Jersey U.S.A., Akzo Nobel
of Chicago, IL,
10 USA; Stroever Shellac Bremen of Bremen, Germany; Dow Chemical Company of
Midland, MI,
USA; Bayer AG of Leverkusen, Getmany; Sigma-Aldrich Corp.. St. Louis,
Missouri, USA.
Suitable efficiency polymers such as polyvinylamide-polyvinylamine copolymers
can be
produced by selective hydrolization of the polyvinylfoiniamide starting
polymer.
Suitable efficiency polymers can also be formed by copolymerisation of
vinylformamide
15 with arcylamide, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, ethylene, sodium acrylate,
methyl acrylate, maleic
anhydride, vinyl acetate, n-vinylpyrrolidine.
Suitable efficiency polymers or oligomers can also be formed by cationic
polymerisation
of vinylformamide with protonic acids, such as methylsulfonic acid, and or
Lewis acids, such as
boron trifluoride.
20 Suitable efficiency polymers can be obtained from BASF AG of
Ludwigshafen, Getmany
and include Lupamin 9010 and Lupamin 9030.
Adjunct Materials
25 For the purposes of the present invention, the non-limiting list of
adjuncts illustrated
hereinafter are suitable for use in the instant compositions and may be
desirably incorporated in
certain embodiments of the invention, for example to assist or enhance
performance, for
treatment of the substrate to be cleaned, or to modify the aesthetics of the
composition as is the
case with perfumes, colorants, dyes or the like. It is understood that such
adjuncts are in addition
30 to the components that are supplied via Applicants' encapsulates and
slurries. The precise nature
of these additional components, and levels of incorporation thereof, will
depend on the physical
form of the composition and the nature of the operation for which it is to be
used. Suitable
adjunct materials include, but are not limited to, perfume delivery systems
surfactants, builders,
chelating agents, dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants, enzymes, and
enzyme stabilizers,
CA 02922800 2016-10-05
31
catalytic materials, bleach activators, polymeric dispersing agents, clay soil
removal/anti-
redeposition agents, brighteners, suds suppressors, dyes, additional perfume
and perfume
delivery systems, structure elasticizing agents, fabric softeners, carriers,
hydrotropes, processing
aids and/or pigments. In addition to the disclosure below, suitable examples
of such other
adjuncts and levels of use are found in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,576,282, 6,306,812
B1 and 6,326,348
Bl.
Each adjunct ingredients is not essential to Applicants' compositions. Thus,
certain
embodiments of Applicants' compositions do not contain one or more of the
following adjuncts
materials: perfume delivery systems, bleach activators, surfactants, builders,
chelating agents,
dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants, enzymes, and enzyme stabilizers,
catalytic metal
complexes, polymeric dispersing agents, clay and soil removal/anti-
redeposition agents,
brighteners, suds suppressors, dyes, additional perfumes and perfume delivery
systems, structure
elasticizing agents, fabric softeners, carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids
and/or pigments.
However, when one or more adjuncts are present, such one or more adjuncts may
be present as
.. detailed below:
Perfume delivery systems that may be used in the aforementioned compositions
and/or
consumer products. Methods of making such perfume delivery systems and methods
of making
such perfume delivery systems are disclosed in USPA 2007/0275866 Al. Such
perfume delivery
systems include: Polymer Assisted Delivery (PAD), Molecule-Assisted Delivery
(MAD), Fiber-
Assisted Delivery (FAD), Amine Assisted Delivery (AAD), Cyclodextrin Delivery
System (CD),
Starch Encapsulated Accord (SEA), Inorganic Carrier Delivery System (ZIC), Pro-
Perfume (PP).
Such perfume delivery systems may be used in any combination in any type of
consumer
product, cleaning and/or treatment composition, fabric and hard surface
cleaning and/or
treatment composition, detergent, and highly compact detergent.
Surfactants - The compositions according to the present invention can comprise
a
surfactant or surfactant system wherein the surfactant can be selected from
nonionic and/or
anionic and/or cationic surfactants and/or ampholytic and/or zwitterionic
and/or semi-polar
nonionic surfactants. The surfactant is typically present at a level of from
about 0.1%, from
about 1%, or even from about 5% by weight of the cleaning compositions to
about 99.9%, to
.. about 80%, to about 35%, or even to about 30% by weight of the cleaning
compositions.
Builders - The compositions of the present invention can comprise one or more
detergent
builders or builder systems. When present, the compositions will typically
comprise at least
about 1% builder, or from about 5% or 10% to about 80%, 50%, or even 30% by
weight, of said
builder. Builders include, but are not limited to, the alkali metal, ammonium
and
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alkanolammonium salts of polyphosphates, alkali metal silicates, alkaline
earth and alkali metal
carbonates, aluminosilicate builders polycarboxylate compounds. ether
hydroxypolycarboxylates,
copolymers of maleic anhydride with ethylene or vinyl methyl ether, 1,3,5-
trihydroxybenzene-
2,4,6-trisulphonic acid, and carboxymethyl-oxysuccinic acid, the various
alkali metal,
ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of polyacetic acids such as
ethylenediamine
tetraacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid, as well as polycarboxylates such
as mellitic acid,
succinic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, polymaleic acid, benzene 1,3,5-
tricarboxylic acid,
carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, and soluble salts thereof.
Chelating Agents - The compositions herein may also optionally contain one or
more
copper, iron and/or manganese chelating agents. If utilized, chelating agents
will generally
comprise from about 0.1% by weight of the compositions herein to about 15%, or
even from
about 3.0% to about 15% by weight of the compositions herein.
Dye Transfer Inhibiting Agents - The compositions of the present invention may
also
include one or more dye transfer inhibiting agents. Suitable polymeric dye
transfer inhibiting
agents include, but are not limited to, polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers,
polyamine N-oxide
polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole,
polyvinyloxazolidones and
polyvinylimidazoles or mixtures thereof. When present in the compositions
herein, the dye
transfer inhibiting agents are present at levels from about 0.0001%, from
about 0.01%, from
about 0.05% by weight of the cleaning compositions to about 10%, about 2%, or
even about 1%
by weight of the cleaning compositions.
Hueing Agents
The composition may comprise a fabric hueing agent (sometimes referred to as
shading,
bluing or whitening agents). Typically the hueing agent provides a blue or
violet shade to fabric.
Hueing agents can be used either alone or in combination to create a specific
shade of hueing
and/or to shade different fabric types. This may be provided for example by
mixing a red and
green-blue dye to yield a blue or violet shade. Hueing agents may be selected
from any known
chemical class of dye, including but not limited to acridine, anthraquinone
(including polycyclic
quinones), azine, azo (e.g., monoazo, disazo, trisazo, tetrakisazo, polyazo),
including
premetallized azo, benzodifurane and benzodifuranone, carotenoid, coumarin,
cyanine,
diazahemicyanine, diphenylmethane, formazan, hemicyanine, indigoids, methane,
naphthalimides, naphthoquinone, nitro and nitroso, oxazine, phthalocyanine,
pyrazoles, stilbene,
styryl, triarylmethane, triphenylmethane, xanthenes and mixtures thereof.
Suitable fabric hueing agents include dyes, dye-clay conjugates, and organic
and
inorganic pigments. Suitable dyes include small molecule dyes and polymeric
dyes. Suitable
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33
small molecule dyes include small molecule dyes selected from the group
consisting of dyes
falling into the Colour Index (C.I.) classifications of Direct, Basic,
Reactive or hydrolysed
Reactive, Solvent or Disperse dyes for example that are classified as Blue,
Violet, Red, Green or
Black, and provide the desired shade either alone or in combination. In
another aspect, suitable
small molecule dyes include small molecule dyes selected from the group
consisting of Colour
Index (Society of Dyers and Colourists, Bradford, UK) numbers Direct Violet
dyes such as 9, 35,
48, 51, 66. and 99, Direct Blue dyes such as 1, 71, 80 and 279, Acid Red dyes
such as 17, 73, 52,
88 and 150, Acid Violet dyes such as 15, 17, 24, 43, 49 and 50, Acid Blue dyes
such as 15. 17,
25, 29, 40, 45, 75, 80, 83, 90 and 113, Acid Black dyes such as 1, Basic
Violet dyes such as 1, 3,
4, 10 and 35, Basic Blue dyes such as 3, 16, 22, 47, 66, 75 and 159, Disperse
or Solvent dyes
and mixtures thereof. In another aspect, suitable small molecule dyes include
small molecule
dyes selected from the group consisting of C. I. numbers Acid Violet 17,
Direct Blue 71, Direct
Violet 51, Direct Blue 1, Acid Red 88, Acid Red 150, Acid Blue 29, Acid Blue
113 or mixtures
thereof.
Suitable polymeric dyes include polymeric dyes selected from the group
consisting of
polymers containing covalently bound (sometimes referred to as conjugated)
chromogens, (dye-
polymer conjugates), for example polymers with chromogens co-polymerized into
the backbone
of the polymer and mixtures thereof.
In another aspect, suitable polymeric dyes include polymeric dyes selected
from the group
consisting of fabric-substantive colorants sold under the name of Liquitint
(Milliken,
Spartanburg, South Carolina, USA), dye-polymer conjugates formed from at least
one reactive
dye and a polymer selected from the group consisting of polymers comprising a
moiety selected
from the group consisting of a hydroxyl moiety, a primary amine moiety, a
secondary amine
moiety, a thiol moiety and mixtures thereof. In still another aspect, suitable
polymeric dyes
include polymeric dyes selected from the group consisting of Liquitint Violet
CT,
carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) covalently bound to a reactive blue, reactive
violet or reactive
red dye such as CMC conjugated with C.I. Reactive Blue 19, sold by Megazyme,
Wicklow,
Ireland under the product name AZO-CM-CELLULOSE. product code S-ACMC,
alkoxylated
triphenyl-methane polymeric colourants, alkoxylated thiophene polymeric
colourants, and
mixtures thereof.
Suitable dye clay conjugates include dye clay conjugates selected from the
group
comprising at least one cationic/basic dye and a smectite clay, and mixtures
thereof. In another
aspect, suitable dye clay conjugates include dye clay conjugates selected from
the group
consisting of one cationic/basic dye selected from the group consisting of
C.I. Basic Yellow 1
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through 108, C.I. Basic Orange 1 through 69, C.I. Basic Red 1 through 118,
C.I. Basic Violet 1
through 51, C.I. Basic Blue 1 through 164, C.I. Basic Green 1 through 14, C.I.
Basic Brown 1
through 23. CI Basic Black 1 through 11, and a clay selected from the group
consisting of
Montmorillonite clay, Hectorite clay, Saponite clay and mixtures thereof. In
still another aspect,
suitable dye clay conjugates include dye clay conjugates selected from the
group consisting of:
Montmorillonite Basic Blue B7 C.I. 42595 conjugate, Montmorillonite Basic Blue
B9 C.I. 52015
conjugate, Montmorillonite Basic Violet V3 C.I. 42555 conjugate,
Montmorillonite Basic Green
G1 C.I. 42040 conjugate, Montmorillonite Basic Red R1 C.I. 45160 conjugate,
Montmorillonite
C.I. Basic Black 2 conjugate, IIectorite Basic Blue B7 C.I. 42595 conjugate,
IIectorite Basic
Blue B9 C.I. 52015 conjugate, Hectorite Basic Violet V3 C.I. 42555 conjugate,
Hectorite Basic
Green G1 C.I. 42040 conjugate, Hectorite Basic Red R1 C.I. 45160 conjugate,
Hectorite C.I.
Basic Black 2 conjugate, Saponite Basic Blue B7 C.I. 42595 conjugate, Saponite
Basic Blue B9
C.I. 52015 conjugate, Saponite Basic Violet V3 C.I. 42555 conjugate, Saponite
Basic Green G1
C.I. 42040 conjugate, Saponite Basic Red R1 C.I. 45160 conjugate, Saponite
C.I. Basic Black 2
conjugate and mixtures thereof.
Suitable pigments include pigments selected from the group consisting of
flavanthrone,
indanthrone, chlorinated indanthrone containing from 1 to 4 chlorine atoms,
pyranthrone,
dichloropyranthrone, monobromodichloropyranthrone, dibromodichloropyranthrone,
tetrabromopyranthrone, perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide, wherein
the imide groups
may be unsubstituted or substituted by C1-C3 -alkyl or a phenyl or
heterocyclic radical, and
wherein the phenyl and heterocyclic radicals may additionally carry
substituents which do not
confer solubility in water, anthraprimidinecarboxylic acid amides,
violanthrone,
isoviolanthrone, dioxazine pigments, copper phthalocyanine which may contain
up to 2 chlorine
atoms per molecule, polychloro-copper phthalocyanine or polybromochloro-copper
phthalocyanine containing up to 14 bromine atoms per molecule and mixtures
thereof.
In another aspect, suitable pigments include pigments selected from the group
consisting
of Ultramarine Blue (C.I. Pigment Blue 29), Ultramarine Violet (C.I. Pigment
Violet 15) and
mixtures thereof.
The aforementioned fabric hueing agents can be used in combination (any
mixture of
fabric hueing agents can be used).
Dispersants - The compositions of the present invention can also contain
dispersants.
Suitable water-soluble organic materials are the homo- or co-polymeric acids
or their salts, in
which the polycarboxylic acid may comprise at least two carboxyl radicals
separated from each
other by not more than two carbon atoms.
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Enzymes - The compositions can comprise one or more detergent enzymes which
provide
cleaning performance and/or fabric care benefits. Examples of suitable enzymes
include, but are
not limited to, hemicellulases, peroxidases, proteases, cellulases, xylanases,
lipases,
phospholipases, esterases, cutinases, pectinases, keratanases, reductases,
oxidases,
5 phenoloxidases, lipoxygenases, ligninases, pullulanases, tannases,
pentosanases, malanases, B-
glucanases, arabinosidases, hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, laccase, and
amylases, or mixtures
thereof. A typical combination is a cocktail of conventional applicable
enzymes like protease,
lipase, cutinase and/or cellulase in conjunction with amylase.
Enzyme Stabilizers - Enzymes for use in compositions, for example, detergents
can be
10 stabilized by various techniques. The enzymes employed herein can be
stabilized by the
presence of water-soluble sources of calcium and/or magnesium ions in the
finished
compositions that provide such ions to the enzymes.
Catalytic Metal Complexes ¨ Applicants' compositions may include catalytic
metal
complexes. One type of metal-containing bleach catalyst is a catalyst system
comprising a
15 transition metal cation of defined bleach catalytic activity, such as
copper, iron, titanium,
ruthenium, tungsten, molybdenum, or manganese cations, an auxiliary metal
cation having little
or no bleach catalytic activity, such as zinc or aluminum cations, and a
sequestrate having
defined stability constants for the catalytic and auxiliary metal cations,
particularly
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetra (methyl-enephosphonic
acid) and water-
20 soluble salts thereof. Such catalysts are disclosed in U.S. patent
4,430,243.
If desired, the compositions herein can be catalyzed by means of a manganese
compound.
Such compounds and levels of use are well known in the art and include, for
example, the
manganese-based catalysts disclosed in U.S. patent 5,576,282.
Cobalt bleach catalysts useful herein are known, and are described, for
example, in U.S.
25 patents 5,597,936 and 5,595,967. Such cobalt catalysts are readily
prepared by known
procedures, such as taught for example in IJ.S. patents 5,597,936, and
5,595,967.
Compositions herein may also suitably include a transition metal complex of a
macropolycyclic rigid ligand - abbreviated as "MRL". As a practical matter,
and not by way of
limitation, the compositions and cleaning processes herein can be adjusted to
provide on the
30 order of at least one part per hundred million of the benefit agent MRL
species in the aqueous
washing medium, and may provide from about 0.005 ppm to about 25 ppm, from
about 0.05 ppm
to about 10 ppm, or even from about 0.1 ppm to about 5 ppm, of the MRL in the
wash liquor.
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Suitable transition-metals in the instant transition-metal bleach catalyst
include
manganese, iron and chromium. Suitable MRL' s herein are a special type of
ultra-rigid ligand
that is cross-bridged such as 5,12-diethy1-1,5,8,12-tetraazabicyclo[6.6.2]hexa-
decane.
Suitable transition metal MRI,s are readily prepared by known procedures, such
as taught
for example in WO 00/32601, and U.S. patent 6,225,464.
Amines
Various amines may be used in the cleaning compositions described herein for
added removal of grease and particulates from soiled materials. The detergent
compositions
described herein may comprise from about 0.1% to about 10%, in some examples.
from about
0.1% to about 4%, and in other examples, from about 0.1% to about 2%, by
weight of the
cleaning composition, of additional amines. Non-limiting examples of amines
include, but are
not limited to. polyamines, oligoamines, triamines, diamines, pentamines,
tetraamines,
polyetheramines, or combinations thereof. Specific examples of suitable
additional amines
include tetraethylenepentamine, triethylenetetraamine, diethylenetriamine,
polyetheramines, or a
mixture thereof. In one aspect, The compositions described herein may comprise
a
polyetheramine for added removal of grease and particulates from soiled
materials. In one
aspect, the compositions described herein may comprise from about 0.1% to
about 10%, in some
examples, from about 0.1% to about 6% or from about 0.2% to about 5% or from
about 0.1% to
about 2%, and in other examples, from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight of the
cleaning
composition, of a polyetheramine.
A suitable polyetheramine is represented by the structure of Formula (I):
Zi¨ Ailh ¨A2 -HO 0 1,,A4-0-1-1A5-0k16-Z2
0
(Y1-1
(Y-1) pi,
R2 R5
R3 R4
Formula (I)
where each of R1-R6 is independently selected from H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
alkylaryl, or
arylalkyl, where at least one of R1-R6 is different from H, typically at least
one of R1-R6 is an
alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, each of A1-A6 is independently
selected from linear or
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branched alkylenes having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, typically 2 to 10 carbon
atoms, more typically,
2 to 5 carbon atoms, each of Z1-Z2 is independently selected from OH or NH2,
where at least one
of Z1-Z2 is NH2, typically each of Zi and Z2 is NH2, where the sum of x+y is
in the range of about
2 to about 200, typically about 2 to about 20 or about 3 to about 20, more
typically about 2 to
about 10 or about 3 to about 8 or about 4 to about 6, where x>1 and y>1, and
the sum of xi + yi is
in the range of about 2 to about 200, typically about 2 to about 20 or about 3
to about 20, more
typically about 2 to about 10 or about 3 to about 8 or about 2 to about 4,
where xi>1 and yi>1.
Another suitable polyetheramine is represented by the structure of Formula
(II):
A7 ....0FfA8...FA,'"'Ztii
Z3 0 o/1)%iori
R7 R.12
RR. Rii
Ro Rio
Formula (II)
where each of R7-R12 is independently selected from H, alkyl, cycloalkyl,
aryl, alkylaryl, or
arylalkyl, where at least one of R7-R12 is different from H, typically at
least one of R7-R12 is an
alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, each of A7-A9 is independently
selected from linear or
branched alkylenes having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, typically 2 to 10 carbon
atoms, more typically,
2 to 5 carbon atoms, each of Z3-Z4 is independently selected from OH or NH?,
where at least one
of Z3-Z4 is NH2, typically each of Z3 and Z4 is NH2, where the sum of x+y is
in the range of about
2 to about 200, typically about 2 to about 20 or about 3 to about 20, more
typically about 2 to
about 10 or about 3 to about 8 or about 2 to about 4, where x>1 and y>l, and
the sum of xi + yi is
in the range of about 2 to about 200, typically about 2 to about 20 or about 3
to about 20, more
typically about 2 to about 10 or about 3 to about 8 or about 2 to about 4,
where x1>1 and y>1.
Another suitable polyetheramine is represented by the structure of Formula
III:
NH2
NH2
=
Formula (III)
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Rheology Modifier
The liquid compositions of the present invention may comprise a rheology
modifier. The
rheology modifier may be selected from the group consisting of non-polymeric
crystalline,
hydroxy-functional materials, polymeric rheology modifiers which impart shear
thinning
characteristics to the aqueous liquid matrix of the composition. In one
aspect, such rheology
modifiers impart to the aqueous liquid composition a high shear viscosity, at
20 sec-1 shear rate
and at 21 C, of from 1 to 7000 cps and a viscosity at low shear (0.5 sec-1
shear rate at 21 C) of
greater than 1000 cps, or even 1000 cps to 200,000 cps. In one aspect, for
cleaning and treatment
compositions, such rheology modifiers impart to the aqueous liquid composition
a high shear
viscosity, at 20 sec-1 and at 21 C. of from 50 to 3000 cps and a viscosity at
low shear (0.5 sec-1
shear rate at 21 C) of greater than 1000 cps, or even 1000 cps to 200,000 cps.
Viscosity
according to the present invention is measured using an AR 2000 rheometer from
TA instruments
using a plate steel spindle having a plate diameter of 40 mm and a gap size of
500 pm. The high
shear viscosity at 20 sec-1 and low shear viscosity at 0.5sec-1 can be
obtained from a logarithmic
shear rate sweep from 0.1 sec-1 to 25 sec-1 in 3 minutes time at 21 C.
Crystalline hydroxyl
functional materials are rheology modifiers which form thread-like structuring
systems
throughout the matrix of the composition upon in situ crystallization in the
matrix. Polymeric
rheology modifiers are preferably selected from polyacrylates, polymeric gums,
other non-gum
polysaccharides, and combinations of these polymeric materials.
Generally the rheology modifier will comprise from 0.01% to 1% by weight,
preferably
from 0.05% to 0.75% by weight, more preferably from 0.1% to 0.5% by weight, of
the
compositions herein.
Structuring agents which are especially useful in the compositions of the
present
invention may comprise non-polymeric (except for conventional alkoxylation),
crystalline
hydroxy-functional materials which can form thread-like structuring systems
throughout the
liquid matrix when they are crystallized within the matrix in situ. Such
materials can be
generally characterized as crystalline, hydroxyl-containing fatty acids, fatty
esters or fatty waxes.
In one aspect, rheology modifiers include crystalline, hydroxyl-containing
rheology modifiers
include castor oil and its derivatives. In one aspect, rheology modifiers
include may be
hydrogenated castor oil derivatives such as hydrogenated castor oil and
hydrogenated castor wax.
Commercially available, castor oil-based, crystalline, hydroxyl-containing
rheology modifiers
include THIXC TM
IN from Rheox, Inc. (now Elementis).
CA 02922800 2016-10-05
39
Other types of rheology modifiers, besides the non-polymeric, crystalline,
hydroxyl-
containing rheology modifiers described heretofore, may be utilized in the
liquid detergent
compositions herein. Polymeric materials which provide shear-thinning
characteristics to the
aqueous liquid matrix may also be employed.
Suitable polymeric rheology modifiers include those of the polyacrylate,
polysaccharide
or polysaccharide derivative type. Polysaccharide derivatives typically used
as rheology
modifiers comprise polymeric gum materials. Such gums include pectine,
alginate,
arabinogalactan (gum Arabic), carrageenan, gellan gum, xanthan gum and guar
gum.
If polymeric rheology modifiers are employed herein, a preferred material of
this type is
gellan gum. Gellan
gum is a heteropolysaccharide prepared by fermentation of
Pseudomonaselodea ATCC 31461. Gellan gum is commercially marketed by CP Kelco
U.S.,
Inc. under the KELCOGEL trademark.
A further alternative and suitable rheology modifier include a combination of
a solvent
and a polycarboxylate polymer. More specifically the solvent may be an
alkylene glycol. In one
aspect, the solvent may comprise dipropylene glycol. In one aspect, the
polycarboxylate polymer
may comprise a polyacrylate, polymethacrylate or mixtures thereof. In one
aspect, solvent may
be present, based on total composition weight, at a level of from 0.5% to 15%,
or from 2% to 9%
of the composition. In one aspect, polycarboxylate polymer may be present,
based on total
composition weight, at a level of from 0.1% to 10%, or from 2% to 5%. In one
aspect, the
solvent component may comprise mixture of dipropylene glycol and 1,2-
propanediol. In one
aspect, the ratio of dipropylene glycol to 1,2-propanediol may be 3:1 to 1:3,
or even 1:1. In one
aspect, the polyacrylate may comprise a copolymer of unsaturated mono- or di-
carbonic acid and
CI -C30 alkyl ester of the (meth) acrylic acid. In another aspect, the
rheology modifier may
comprise a polyacrylate of unsaturated mono- or di-carbonic acid and CI-Cm
alkyl ester of the
(meth) acrylic acid. Such copolymers are available from Noveon Inc under the
trademark
Carbopol Aqua 308.
In the absence of rheology modifier and in order to impart the desired shear
thinning
characteristics to the liquid composition, the liquid composition can be
internally structured
through surfactant phase chemistry or gel phases.
Silicone Emulsion
CA 02922800 2016-10-05
The compositions of the present invention can comprise a silicone emulsion. An
emulsion is a
mixture of one liquid (the dispersed phase) dispersed in another (the
continuous phase). In the
context of the present, silicone emulsion also encompasses macroemulsion and
microemulsion.
5 In one embodiment, the silicone emulsion of the present invention is
added as an emulsion of
Silicone oil in water or a solvent containing watery solution in a range of 35-
65 (w/w%). In one
embodiment, the silicone emulsion of the present invention can be any silicone
emulsion.
In one embodiment the mean particle size of the Silicone emulsion is 0.01 to 2
micrometer, more
preferable from 0.2 to 0.8 micrometer mean particle size.
10 Preferably, the emulsified silicone oil is selected from the group
comprising non-ionic nitrogen
free silicone oils, aminofunctional silicone oils and mixtures thereof.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the silicone emulsion is an
aminofunctional silicone,
preferably aminodimethicone.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silicone emulsion is a
non-ionic nitrogen
15 free silicone emulsion, preferably, selected from the group comprising
polydialkyl silicone,
polydimethyl silicone, alkyloxylated silicone, ethoxylated silicone,
propoxylated silicone,
ethoxylated propoxylated silicone, quaternary silicone or derivatives thereof
and mixtures
thereof. In a more preferred embodiment, the non-ionic nitrogen free silicone
emulsion is
selected from the group comprising polydialkyl silicone, polydimethyl silicone
and mixtures
20 thereof. In one embodiment, the silicone emulsion is polydimethyl
silicone.
In this preferred embodiment, wherein the silicone emulsion is polydimethyl
silicone, the
polydimethyl silicone has a viscosity between 0.0001 m2.s-1 and 0.1 m2.s-1,
preferably between
0.0003 m2.s1 and 0.06 M2.5-1, more preferably between 0.00035 m2.s".1 and
0.012 m2.s-1.
Suitable solvents for use in the solvent containing watery solution can be
selected from the
25 group comprising CI-Cm linear, branched, cyclic, saturated and/or
unsaturated alcohols with one
or more free hydroxy groups; amines, alkanolamines, and mixtures thereof.
Preferred solvents
are monoalcohols, diols, monoamine derivatives, glycerols, glycols, and
mixtures thereof, such
as ethanol, propanol, propandiol, monoethanolamin, glycerol, sorbitol,
alkylene glycols,
polyalkylene glycols, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred solvents are
selected from the group
30 comprising 1,2-propandiol, 1,3-propandiol, glycerol, ethylene glycol,
diethyleneglycol, and
mixtures thereof.
The emulsion contains a water soluble emulsifier, selected from the group of
commercially
available emulsifiers encompassing cationic, anionic, nonionic or zwitter ¨
ionic emulsifiers. In a
preferred embodiment of this invention the emulsifier is a nonionic
surfactant.
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Alternatively premixes of silicone emulsions and solvents are utilized in
order to overcome
process problems in terms of proper dispersion or dissolution of all
ingredients throughout the
composition.
Premixes of the silicone emulsion in the context of the present invention,
include high internal
phase emulsion ("HIPE"). That is achieved by premixing a silicone emulsion,
such as
polydimethyl silicone, and an emulsifier to create a HIPE, then mixing this
HIPE into the
composition, thereby achieving good mixing resulting in an homogeneous
mixture. Such HIPEs
are comprised of at least 65%, alternatively at least 70%, alternatively at
least 74%, alternatively
at least 80%; alternatively not greater than 95%, by weight of an internal
phase (dispersed phase),
wherein the internal phase may comprise a silicone emulsion. The internal
phase can also be
other water insoluble fabric care benefit agents that are not already pre-
emulsified. The internal
phase is dispersed by using an emulsifying agent. Examples of the emulsifying
agent include a
surfactant or a surface tension reducing polymer. In one embodiment, the range
of the
emulsifying agent is from at least 0.1% to 25%, alternatively from 1% to 10%,
and alternatively
from 2% to 6% by weight of the HIPE. In another embodiment, the emulsifying
agent is water
soluble and reduces the surface tension of water, at a concentration less than
0.1% by weight of
deionized water, to less than 0.0007 N (70 dynes), alternatively less than
0.0006 N (60 dynes),
alternatively less than 0.0005 N (50 dynes); alternatively at or greater than
0.0002 N (20 dynes).
In another embodiment, the emulsifying agent is at least partially water
insoluble.
The external phase (continuous phase), in one embodiment, is water,
alternatively may comprise
at least some water, alternatively may comprise little or no water. In another
embodiment, the
external phase of water may comprise from less than 35%, alternatively less
than 30%,
alternatively less than 25%; alternatively at least 1%, by weight of HIPE. Non-
aqueous HIPEs
can be prepared as well with a solvent as the external phase with low or no
water present.
Typical solvents include glycerin and propylene glycol.
In another embodiment, the composition is a non-concentrated composition. In
this embodiment,
the silicone emulsion is not, at least initially, emulsified and can be
emulsified in the fabric care
composition itself.
The composition of the present invention may comprise a silicone emulsion
which acts to
maintain the physical stability of the liquid fabric softening composition
following a freeze-thaw
cycle and also upon prolonged storage at low temperatures.
The silicone emulsion of the present invention is at a level from 0.5% to 10%.
In another
embodiment, the silicone emulsion of the present invention is at a level from
0.3% to 10%,
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4")
preferably from 0.3% to 5%, and most preferably from 0.5% to 3.0% by weight of
the liquid
fabric softening composition.
I. Non-ionic nitrogen free silicone emulsions:
In the context of the present invention, preferably the silicone emulsion is
selected from the
group comprising non-ionic nitrogen free silicone emulsions having the
foimulae (1), (11), (111),
and mixtures thereof:
(11;
R2.(R1)2sio.[(R1)2sio
la- (R1)(R2)SiOlb-Si(R1)2-R2 (II);
R1 R1 R1
R1 ¨Si---O ¨(-Si ¨0-)--Si--R1
1:11 Al R1
OM;
wherein each R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of linear,
branched or cyclic
substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms;
linear, branched or
cyclic substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl groups having from 2 to 20 carbon
atoms; substituted
or unsubstituted aryl groups having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms; substituted or
unsubstituted
alkylaryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl and substituted or
unsubstituted arylalkenyl
groups having from 7 to 20 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; each R2 is
independently selected
from the group consisting of linear, branched or cyclic substituted or
unsubstituted alkyl groups
having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; linear, branched or cyclic substituted or
unsubstituted alkenyl
groups having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms; substituted or unsubstituted aryl
groups having from 6
to 20 carbon atoms; substituted or unsubstituted alkylaryl groups, substituted
or unsubstituted
arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkenyl groups having from 7 to 20
carbon atoms and
from a poly(ethyleneoxide/propyleneoxide) copolymer group having the general
formula;
-(CH2)nO(C21-140),(C3H60)dR3 (1V)
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polydialkyl silicone, polydimethyl silicone, alkyloxylated silicone,
quaternary silicone
with at least one R2 being a poly(ethyleneoxy/propyleneoxy) copolymer group
(ethoxylated
silicone, propoxylated silicone, ethoxylated propoxylated silicone emulsions),
and each R3 is
independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl having
1 to 4 carbon
atoms, an acetyl group, and mixtures thereof, wherein the index w has the
value as such that the
viscosity of the nitrogen-free silicone polymer of formulae (I) and (III) is
between 0.0001 m2.s-1
(100 centistokes) and 0.1 m2.s-1 (100,000 centistokes); wherein a is from 1 to
50; b is from 1 to
50; n is 1 to 50; total c (for all polyalkyleneoxy side groups) has a value of
from 1 to 100; total d
is from 0 to 14; total c+d has a value of from 5 to 150
More preferably, the non-ionic nitrogen free silicone emulsion is selected
from the group
consisting of linear non-ionic nitrogen-free silicone emulsions having the
formulae (II) to (III) as
above, wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of methyl, phenyl,
phenylalkyl, and
mixtures thereof; wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of methyl,
phenyl,
phenylalkyl, and mixtures thereof; and from the group having the general
formula (IV), as
defined above, and mixtures thereof; wherein 123 is defined as above and
wherein the index w has
a value such that the viscosity of the nitrogen-free silicone emulsion of
formula (III) is between
0.0001 m2.s-1 (100 centistokes) and 0.1 m2.5-1 (100,000 centistokes); a is
from 1 to 30, b is from 1
to 30, n is from 3 to 5, total c is from 6 to 100, total d is from 0 to 3, and
total c + d is from 7 to
100.
Most preferably, the nitrogen-free silicone emulsion is selected from the
group comprising linear
non-ionic nitrogen free silicone emulsions having the general formula (III) as
above, wherein R1
is methyl, i.e. the silicone emulsion is polydimethyl silicone In this
preferred embodiment,
wherein the silicone emulsion is polydimethyl silicone, index w has a value
such that the
polydimethyl silicone has a viscosity between 0.0001 m2.s-1 and 0.1 m2.s-1,
preferably between
0.0003 1112.s1 and 0.06 m2.s-1, more preferably between 0.00035 m2.s-1 and
0.012 m2.5-1.
II, Aminofunctional silicone emulsions:
In one embodiment of the present invention, the silicone emulsion is an
aminofunctional silicone.
Aminofunctional silicone emulsions are materials of the formula:
HO Si(CH3)2-01x { Si(OH)RCH9)3-NH-(CH2)2-NH21 0 } yH
wherein x and y are integers which depend on the viscosity of the silicone
emulsion. Preferably,
the aminofunctional silicone emulsion has a molecular weight such that it
exhibits a viscosity of
from 0.0005 m2.s-1 (500 centistokes) to 0.5 m2.5-1 (500,000 centistokes). This
material is also
known as "aminodimethicone.
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Method of Use
Certain of the consumer products disclosed herein can be used to clean or
treat a situs inter alia a
surface or fabric. Typically at least a portion of the situs is contacted with
an embodiment of
Applicants' composition, in neat form or diluted in a liquor, for example, a
wash liquor and then
the situs may be optionally washed and/or rinsed. In one aspect, a situs is
optionally washed
and/or rinsed, contacted with a particle according to the present invention or
composition
comprising said particle and then optionally washed and/or rinsed. In one
aspect, a method of
cleaning or treating a situs comprising optionally washing and/or rinsing said
situs, contacting
said situs with the composition selected from the compositions and mixtures
thereof disclosed
herein and optionally washing and/or rinsing said situs is disclosed. For
purposes of the present
invention, washing includes but is not limited to, scrubbing, and mechanical
agitation. The fabric
may comprise most any type of fiber capable of being laundered or treated in
normal consumer
use conditions. Liquors that may comprise the disclosed compositions may have
a pH of from
about 3 to about 11.5. Such compositions are typically employed at
concentrations of from about
500 ppm to about 15,000 ppm in solution. When the wash solvent is water, the
water
temperature typically ranges from about 5 C to about 90 C and, when the
situs comprises a
fabric, the water to fabric ratio is typically from about 1:1 to about 30:1.
In one aspect, a method
of cleaning or treating a situs comprising optionally washing and/or rinsing
said situs, contacting
said situs with a composition disclosed herein, and optionally washing and/or
rinsing said situs
and/or drying said situ s via passive or active drying in a machine.
TEST METHODS
(1) Extraction of benefit a2ent delivery particles from finished products.
Except where otherwise specified herein, the preferred method to isolate
benefit agent delivery
particles from finished products is based on the fact that the density of most
such particles is
different from that of water. The finished product is mixed with water in
order to dilute and/or
release the particles. The diluted product suspension is centrifuged to speed
up the separation of
the particles. Such particles tend to float or sink in the diluted
solution/dispersion of the finished
product. Using a pipette or spatula, the top and bottom layers of this
suspension are removed, and
undergo further rounds of dilution and centrifugation to separate and enrich
the particles. The
particles are observed using an optical microscope equipped with crossed-
polarized filters or
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differential interference contrast (DIC), at total magnifications of 100 x and
400 x. The
microscopic observations provide an initial indication of the presence, size,
quality and
aggregation of the delivery particles.
5 For extraction of delivery particles from a liquid fabric enhancer
finished product conduct the
following procedure:
1. Place three aliquots of approximately 20 ml of liquid fabric enhancer into
three
separate 50 ml centrifuge tubes and dilute each aliquot 1:1 with DI water (eg
20
ml fabric enhancer + 20 ml DI water), mix each aliquot well and centrifuge
each
10 aliquot for 30 minutes at approximately 10000 x g.
2. After centrifuging per Step 1, discard the bottom water layer (around 10
ml) in
each 50 ml centrifuge tube then add 10 ml of DI water to each 50 ml centrifuge
tube.
3. For each aliquot, repeat the process of centrifuging, removing the bottom
water
15 layer and then adding 10 ml of DI water to each 50 ml centrifuge
tube two
additional times.
4. Remove the top layer with a spatula or a pipette, and
5. Transfer this top layer into a 1.8 ml centrifuge tube and centrifuge for 5
minutes at
approximately 20000 x g.
20 6. Remove the top layer with a spatula and transfer into a new 1.8 ml
centrifuge tube
and add DI water until the tube is completely filled, then centrifuge for 5
minutes
at approximately 20000 x g.
7. Remove the bottom layer with a fine pipette and add DI water until tube is
completely filled and centrifuge for 5 minutes at approximately 20000 x g.
25 8. Repeat step 7 for an additional 5 times (6 times in total).
If both a top layer and a bottom layer of enriched particles appear in the
above described step 1,
then, immediately move to step 3 (i.e., omit step 2) and proceed steps with
steps 4 through 8.
Once those steps have been completed, also remove the bottom layer from the
50m1 centrifuge
30 tube from step 1, using a spatula or/and a pipette. Transfer the bottom
layer into a 1.8 ml
centrifuge tube and centrifuge 5 min at approximately 20000 x g. Remove the
bottom layer in a
new tube and add DI water until the tube is completely filled then centrifuge
for 5 minutes
approximately 20000 x g. Remove the top layer (water) and add DI water again
until the tube is
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full. Repeat this another 5 times (6 times in total). Recombine the particle
enriched and isolated
top and bottom layers back together.
If the fabric enhancer has a white color or is difficult to distinguish the
particle enriched layers
add 4 drops of dye (such as Liquitint Blue JH 5% premix from Miliken &
Company.
Spartanburg, South Carolina, USA) into the centrifuge tube of step 1 and
proceed with the
isolation as described.
For extraction of delivery particles from solid finished products which
disperse readily in water,
mix IL of DI water with 20 g of the finished product (eg., detergent foams,
films, gels and
granules; or water-soluble polymers; soap flakes and soap bars; and other
readily water-soluble
matrices such as salts, sugars, clays, and starches). When extracting
particles from finished
products which do not disperse readily in water, such as waxes, dryer sheets,
dryer bars, and
greasy materials, it may be necessary to add detergents, agitation, and/or
gently heat the product
and diluent in order to release the particles from the matrix. The use of
organic solvents or
drying out of the particles should be avoided during the extraction steps as
these actions may
damage the delivery particles during this phase.
For extraction of delivery particles from liquid finished products which are
not fabric softeners or
.. fabric enhancers (eg., liquid laundry detergents, liquid dish washing
detergents, liquid hand
soaps, lotions, shampoos, conditioners, and hair dyes), mix 20 ml of finished
product with 20 ml
of DI water. If necessary. NaCl (eg.,100-200 g NaCl) can be added to the
diluted suspension in
order to increase the density of the solution and facilitate the particles
floating to the top layer. If
the product has a white color which makes it difficult to distinguish the
layers of particles formed
during centrifugation, a water-soluble dye can be added to the diluent to
provide visual contrast.
The water and product mixture is subjected to sequential rounds of
centrifugation, involving
removal of the top and bottom layers, re-suspension of those layers in new
diluent, followed by
further centrifugation, isolation and re-suspension. Each round of
centrifugation occurs in tubes
of 1.5 to 50 ml in volume, using centrifugal forces of up to 20,000 x g, for
periods of 5 to 30
minutes. At least six rounds of centrifugation are typically needed to extract
and clean sufficient
particles for testing. For example, the initial round of centrifugation may be
conducted in 50m1
tubes spun at 10,000 x g for 30 mins, followed by five more rounds of
centrifugation where the
material from the top and bottom layers is resuspended separately in fresh
diluent in 1.8 ml tubes
and spun at 20,000 x g for 5 mills per round.
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If delivery particles are observed microscopically in both the top and bottom
layers, then the
particles from these two layers are recombined after the final centrifugation
step, to create a
single sample containing all the delivery particles extracted from that
product. The extracted
particles should be analyzed as soon as possible but may be stored as a
suspension in DI water
for up to 14 days before they are analyzed.
One skilled in the art will recognize that various other protocols may be
constructed for the
extraction and isolation of delivery particles from finished products, and
will recognize that such
methods require validation via a comparison of the resulting measured values,
as measured
before and after the particles' addition to and extraction from finished
product.
(2) Particle Size (Diameter):
A drop of the particle suspension or finished product is placed onto a glass
microscope slide and
dried under ambient conditions for several minutes to remove the water and
achieve a sparse,
single layer of solitary particles on the dry slide. Adjust the concentration
of particles in the
suspension as needed to achieve a suitable particle density on the slide. The
slide is placed on a
sample stage of an optical microscope equipped and examined at a total
magnification of 100 x
or 400 x. Images are captured and calibrated for the accurate measurement of
particle diameters.
Three replicate slides are prepared and analyzed.
For particle size measurement, at least 50 benefit agent delivery particles on
each slide are
selected for measurement, in a manner which is unbiased by their size and so
creates a
representative sample of the distribution of particle sizes present. This may
be achieved by
examining fields-of-view which are selected at random or according to a pre-
defined grid pattern,
and by measuring the diameter of all the delivery particles present in each
field-of-view
examined. Delivery particles which appear obviously non-spherical, deflated,
leaking, or
damaged are unsuitable for measurement, are excluded from the selection
process and their
diameters are not recorded. The diameter of each suitable delivery particle
examined is
measured using the microscope and the value is recorded. The recorded particle
diameter
measurements are used to calculate the percentage of the particles having a
particle size within
the claimed size range(s), and also to calculate the mean particle size.
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(3) Benefit Agent Leakage
The amount of benefit agent leakage from the delivery particles is determined
according to the
following method:
a.) Obtain two 1 g samples of the raw material slurry of benefit delivery
particles.
b.) Add 1 g of the raw material slurry of benefit delivery particles to 99 g
of the
product matrix in which the particles will be employed, and label the mixture
as
Sample 1. Immediately use the second 1 g sample of raw material particle
slurry
in Step d below, in its neat form without contacting product matrix, and label
it as
Sample 2.
c.) Age the particle-containing product matrix (Sample 1) for 2 weeks at 35 C
in a
sealed, glass jar.
d.) Using filtration, recover the particles from both samples. The particles
in Sample
1 (in product matrix) are recovered after the aging step. The particles in
Sample 2
(neat raw material slurry) are recovered at the same time that the aging step
began
for sample 1.
e.) Treat the recovered particles with a solvent to extract the benefit agent
materials
from the particles.
f.) Analyze the solvent containing the extracted benefit agent from each
sample, via
chromatography. Integrate the resultant benefit agent peak areas under the
curve,
and sum these areas to determine the total quantity of benefit agent extracted
from
each sample.
g.) Determine the percentage of benefit agent leakage by calculating the
difference in
the values obtained for the total quantity of benefit agent extracted from
Sample 2
minus Sample 1, expressed as a percentage of the total quantity of benefit
agent
extracted from Sample 2, as represented in the equation below:
(Sample 2¨Sample 1)
Percentage of Benefit Agent Leakage ¨ X 100
Sample 2
(4) Viscosity
-- Viscosity of liquid finished product is measured using an AR 550 rheometer
/ viscometer from
TA instruments (New Castle, DE, USA), using parallel steel plates of 40 mm
diameter and a gap
size of 500 m. The high shear viscosity at 20 s-1 and low shear viscosity at
0.05 s-1 is obtained
from a logarithmic shear rate sweep from 0.1 s-1 to 25 s-1 in 3 minutes time
at 21 C.
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(5) Aggregation Index
The aggregation index in finished product is determined using the following
method:
a. Clean a 212 micron standard laboratory sieve (W.S. Tyler Company, Mentor,
Ohio,
USA 44060) with water to remove any residues & dry manually &/or allow to air
dry.
b. Place ¨20g of product via syringe on the sieve, spread in line over the
sieve. Record
weight in grams.
c. Tap sieve lightly to allow product to flow through sieve. Light air or
nitrogen may be
blown over sample to help alleviate air bubbles trapped on the sieve.
d. Count the number of particles remaining on sieve after finished product has
passed
through the sieve. Record the number of particles. Repeat counting 3 times.
Take care to
ensure that aggregates are counted and distinguished from air bubbles.
Additional
air/nitrogen can be used if needed.
e. Repeat steps 1 - 4 up to 4 more times but no less than 3 times.
f. Divide average number of counts by weight used to get aggregation index per
gram of
sample.
g. Average the three readings of aggregation index per gram of sample for an
overall
determination.
EXAMPLES
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated
and
described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other
changes and
modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
It is therefore
intended to cover herein all such changes and modifications that are within
the scope of this
invention.
Example I A particle slurry consisting of 32% by weight aminoplast capsules
with a median
volume weighted particle size of 18 microns, a surface charge of about -30mV,
& a pH of 6.45, is
mixed with a formaldehyde scavenger & a structurant . A cationic modified co-
polymer of poly
vinylamine and N-vinyl formamide is added at levels shown in the table below
at a temperature
of about 55 C. Then an inorganic salt is added into the slurry at levels shown
in the table at a
temperature of about 50 C. The slurry is cooled to a temperature of 25 C and
the final pH is
adjusted to 5.3. The slurry is passed through a 425 micron filter & the
aggregation index is about
10 particles/gram of slurry.
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Formulation (% active unless otherwise Formula 1 Formula 2 Formula 3
Formula 4
noted)
Cationic modified co polymer of poly 0.10 0.25 0.5 0.75
vinylamine and N-vinyl formamide
Magnesium chloride 0.1-4 0 0.1-4 0
Calcium sulfate 0 0.1-4 0 0.1-4
Example 2 A slurry from Example 1 is mixed into a heavy duty liquid detergent
with the
following compositions at a temperature of about 20 C. The aggregation index
is about 0.1
particles/gram of liquid detergent.
5
Formulation (% active Formula 5 Foimula 6 Formula 7 Formula 8 Formula 9
unless otherwise noted)
Alkyl Ether Sulphate 7-9 5-7 3-5 8-10 10-12
Dodecyl Benzene 4-6 6-8 10-12 1-3 3-5
Sulphonic Acid
Ethoxylated Alcohol 3-5 3-5 1-3 5-7 1-3
Amine Oxide 0-2 1-4 2-4 3-5 0-2
Citric Acid 0.5-2 0-1 2-5 2-4 1-3
Fatty Acid 9-4 2-5 3-5 0-2 1-3
Calcium formate 0 0 0-1 0-1 0-1
Sodium formate 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1
Diethylene triamine penta 0-1 0-9 1-9 0-1 0-1
acetic acid
Enzymes 0-1 2-4 1-3 0-2 0-2
Brightener (disulphonated 0 0-1 0-0.5 0 0-0.5
diamino stilbene based
FWA)
Sodium bisulfate 0 0-1 0-0.5 0 0-1
Hydrogenated Castor Oil 0-0.5 0-0.5 0-0.5 0-0.5 0-0.5
Structurant
Borax 0 1-3 1-4 0-2 9-4
Ethanol 0 3-5 2-3 0.5-1.5 1-2
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1, 2 propanediol 3-5 0 3-5 3-5 2-3
Diethyleneglycol (DEG) 2-3 2-3 0 1.5-2.5 2-3
PEG 4000 0.5-1 0 0.2-0.6 1-1.5 0-0.5
Mono Ethanol Amine 2-3 0-1 2-4 0 1-9
PEI-E0-P0 Polymer 0 0.5-2.0 0 1-2 0.5-1
PEI Ethoxylate 0-1 0.5-2.5 1-2 2-4 1-3
Sodium Cumene 1-2 3-3.5 2-3 0 0.5-1
Sulphonate (NaCS)
Silicone (PDMS) 0.01-0.05 0.01-0.05 0.01-0.05 0.01-0.05
0.01-0.05
emulsion
Perfume 0.1-2 0.1-2 0.1-2 0.1-2 0.1-2
Polymer Coated Perfume 0.1-1 0.1-1 0.1-1 0.1-1 0.1-1
Microcapsule
Dye 0.01-0.1 0.01-0.1 0.01-0.1 0.01-0.1
0.01-0.1
Water Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance
Example 3 The particle slurry from Example 1 is adjusted with water to a
particle concentration
of about 24%, adjusted to a pH of 3 and mixed with 2% by weight of a second
cationic polymer
selected from group consisting of a polysaccharide, a cationically modified
starch, a cationically
modified guar, a polysiloxane, a poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium halide, a
copolymer of poly
diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and vinyl pyrrolidone, a methacrylate
quaternized
homopolymer , an acrylamide, an imidazole, an imidazolinium, a halide, or an
imidazolium
halide, at a temperature of 25 C. Then the slurry is adjusted to a pH of 5.1,
passed through a 425
micron filter, & the aggregation index is about 10 particles/gram of slurry.
Example 4 A particle slurry from Example 3 is mixed into a liquid fabric
enhancer with the
following compositions at a temperature of about 20 C. The aggregation index
is about 0.1
particles/gram of liquid fabric enhancer.
Formulation (% active Formula Formula Formula Formula Formula Foimula
unless otherwise noted) 10 11 12 13 14 15
Fabric Enhancing Active' 16.8 16.8 14.4 12 10 8
Formic acid (ppm) 250 250 250 250 250 250
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52
Antifoamb (ppm) 150 150 150 150 150 150
Hydrochloric Acid (ppm) 225 225 225 225 225 225
DTPAc (ppm) 79 79 79 79 79 79
Preservative' (ppm) 75 75 75 75 75 75
Salt' (ppm) 1000 750 450 100 100 0
Rheology Modifierf .05 0 .10 .15 .15 .35
Cationic surfactantg .25 .25 .25 0 0 0
Perfume 0.1-3 0.1-3 0.1-3 0.1-3 0.1-3
0.1-3
Polymer Coated Perfume .05-1 .05-1 .05-1 .05-1 .05-1
.05-1
Microcapsules
Dye .003-.03 .003-.03 .003-.03 .003-.03 .003-.03
.003-.03
Deionized Water Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance
Balance
a An ester quaternary ammonium compound mixture with 9 parts ethanol and 3
parts coco oil.
11 Silicone antifoam agent available from Dow Corning Corp. under the
trademark DC2310
C Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
d Proxel available from Arch Chemicals
e Salt as Calcium Chloride as a 2.5% solution in water
e Polymer available from BASF under the trademark Rheovis CDE
g Cationic surfactant available from Evonik under the trademark Variquat K1215
EXAMPLE 5. Microcapsules in Shampoo
A subset of the capsules from the above examples is formulated into a rinse-
off Shampoo
formulation as follows: to 90.0 grams of shampoo formulation (with a typical
formulation given
below) is added an appropriate amount of microcapsule slurry to deliver a
fragrance usage level
of 0.5wt%. The microcapsules and water are added on top of the shampoo
formulation, then the
contents are mixed using a SpeedMixerTm by Hauschild DAC 400FVZ mixer, at 1850
RPM for 1
minute.
Typical composition of shampoo formulations are given in the examples below.
EXAMPLE COMPOSITION I II , III
--
ingredient
Water q.s. q.s. q.s.
Polyquaternium 76' 2.50 -- -
Guar, Hydroxylpropyl
-- 0.25 --
Trimonium Chloride 2
Polyquaterium 6 j - - 0.79
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Sodium Laureth Sulfate 21.4 21.4
(SLE3S) 4 3 3 21.43
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) 20.6 20.6
20.69
9 9
Silicone 6 0.75 1.00 0.5
Cocoamidopropyl Betaine 7 3.33 3.33 3.33
Cocoamide MEA 8 1.0 1.0 1.0
Ethylene Glycol Distearate 9 1.50 1.50 1.50
Sodium Chloride 10 0.25 0.25 0.25
Fragrance 0.70 0.70 0.70
Fragrance Microcapsule 1.2 1.2 1.2
Up Up Up t
Preservatives, pH adjusters to to
1% 1% 17
1 MirapolTM AT-1, Copolymer of Acrylamide(AM) and TRIQUATTm,
MW=1,000,000; CD= 1.6 meq./gram; 10% active; Supplier Rhodia
2 JaguarTM C500, MW - 500,000, CD=0.7, supplier Rhodia
3 Mirapol 100S, 31.5% active, supplier Rhodia
4 Sodium Laureth Sulfate, 28% active, supplier: P&G
5 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, 29% active supplier: P&G
6 Glycidol Silicone VC2231-193C
7 TegobetaineTm F-B, 30%
active supplier: Goldschmidt Chemicals
8 Monamid CMA, 85% active, supplier Goldschmidt Chemical
9 Ethylene Glycol Distearate, EGDS Pure, supplier Goldschmidt Chemical
Sodium Chloride USP (food grade), supplier Morton; note that salt is an
adjustable
ingredient, higher or lower levels may be added to achieve target viscosity.
EXAMPLE COMPOSITION IV V VI
Jnrodiciit
Water q.s. q.s. q.s.
Silicone A 1.0 --
Silicone B 2 0.5
Silicone C 3 -- 0.5
Cyclopentasiloxane 4 -- 0.61 1.5
Behenyl trimethyl
2.25 2.25 2.25
ammonium chloride 5
Isopropyl alcohol 0.60 0.60 0.60
Cetyl alcohol 6 1.86 1.86 1.86
Stcaryl alcohol 7 4.64 4.64 4.64
Disodium EDTA 0.13 0.13 0.13
NaOH 0.01 0.01 0.01
Benzyl alcohol 0.40 0.40 0.40
Methylchloroisothiazolinone/ 0.000 0 0.000
.0005
Methylisothiazolinone 5 5
Panthenol 9 0.10 0.10 0.10
Panthenyl ethyl ether I 0.05 0.05 0.05
Fragrance 0.35 0.35 0.35
Fragrance Microcapsules 1.2 1.2 1.2
CA 02922800 2016-10-05
54
1 Glycidol Silicone VC2231-193
2 Glycidol Silicone VC2231-193F
3 Glycidol Silicone VC2231-193A
4 Cyclopentasiloxane: SF1202 available from Momentive Performance Chemicals
Behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride/Isopropyl alcohol: Genamin TM KMP
available
from Clariant
6 Cetyl alcohol: Konol TM series available from Shin Nihon Rika
7 Stearyl alcohol: Konol TM series available from Shin Nihon Rika
8 Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone: KathonTM CG available
from
Rohm & Haas
9 Panthenol: Available from Roche
Panthenyl ethyl ether: Available from Roche
EXAMPLE COMPOSITION VII VIII
_Ingredient
Sodium Laureth Sulfate 10.00 10.00
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 1.50 1.50
Cocamidopropyl betaine 2.00 2.00
Guar Hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride (1) 0.40
Guar Hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride (2) 0.40
Dimethicone (3) 2.00 2.00
Gel Network (4) 27.27
Ethylene Glycol Distearate 1.50 1.50
5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, Kathon 0.0005 0.0005
CG
Sodium Benzoate 0.25 0.25
Disodium EDTA 0.13 0.13
Perfume 0.70 0.70
Fragrance Microcapsules of Example 3 1.0 1.0
Citric Acid/ Sodium Citrate Dihydrate pH QS pH QS
Sodium Chloride/ Ammonium Xylene Sulfonate Visc. Vise.
QS QS
Water QS QS
(1) Jaguar C17 available from Rhodia
(2) NHanceTM 3269 (with Mol. W. of-500,000 and 0.8meq/g) available from
Aqulaon/Hercules
5 (3) ViscasilTM 330M available from General Electric Silicones
(4) Gel Networks; See Composition below. The water is heated to about 74 C
and the Cetyl
Alcohol, Stearyl Alcohol, and the SLES Surfactant are added to it. After
incorporation, this mixture
is passed through a heat exchanger where it is cooled to about 35 C. As a
result of this cooling step,
the Fatty Alcohols and surfactant crystallized to form a crystalline gel
network.
Ingredient Wt. %
Water 86.14%
Cetyl Alcohol 3.46%
Steary Alcohol 6.44%
Sodium laureth-3 sulfate (28% Active) 3.93%
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5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, Kathon CU 0.03%
EXAMPLE 6. Microcapsules in Lotion
Example I II III
PHASE A
DC-9040 1 8.60 3.00 5.00
Dimethicone 4.09 4.00 4.00
Polymethylsilsesquioxane 2 4.09 4.00 4.00
Cyclomethicone 11.43 0.50 11.33
KSG-210 3 5.37 5.25 5.40
Polyethylene wax 4 3.54 2.05
DC-2503 Cosmetic Wax 5 7.08 10.00 3.77
Hydrophobic TiO2 0.50
Iron oxide coated Mica 0.65
TiO2 Coated Mica 1.00 1.00
Fragrance Particles 1.00 1.00 1.00
PHASE B
Glycerin 10.00 10.00 10.00
Dexpanthenol 0.50 0.50 0.50
Pentylene Glycol 3.00 3.00 3.00
Hexamidine Diisethionate 6 0.10 0.10 0.10
Niacinamide 7 5.00 5.00 5.00
Methylparaben 0.20 0.20 0.20
Ethylparaben 0.05 0.05 0.05
Sodium Citrate 0.20 0.20 0.20
Citric Acid 0.03 0.03 0.03
Sodium Benzoate 0.05 0.05 0.05
Sodium Chloride 0.50 0.50 0.50
FD&C Red #40 (1%) 0.05 0.05 0.05
q.s to q.s to q.s to
Water 100 100 100
Hardness at 21 C (g) 33.3 15.4 14.2
Hardness at 33 C (g) 6.4 0.7 4.0
5 1. 12.5% Dimethicone Crosspolymer in Cyclopentasiloxane. Available
from Dow CorningTM.
2. E.g., TospearlTm 145A or Tospearl 2000. Available from GE Toshiba
SiliconeTM.
3. 25% Dimethicone PEG-10/15 Crosspolymer in Dimethicone. Available from
ShinEtsuTM.
4. JeenateTm 3H polyethylene wax from JccnTM
5. Stearyl Dimethicone. Available from Dow Corning.
10 6. Hexamidine diisethionate, available from Laboratoires
Serobiologiques.
7. Additionally or alternatively, the composition may comprise one or more
other skin care actives, their salts and
derivatives, as disclosed herein, in amounts also disclosed herein as would be
deemed suitable by one of skill
in the art.
15 For the examples above, in a suitable container, combine the ingredients
of Phase A. In a
separate suitable container, combine the ingredients of Phase B. Heat each
phase to 730C-780C
while mixing each phase using a suitable mixer (e.g., Anchor blade, propeller
blade, or IKA T25)
CA 02922800 2016-10-05
56
until each reaches a substantially constant desired temperature and is
homogenous. Slowly add
Phase B to Phase A while continuing to mix Phase A. Continue mixing until
batch is uniform.
Pour product into suitable containers at 73-78 C and store at room
temperature. Alternatively,
continuing to stir the mixture as temperature decreases results in lower
observed hardness values
at 21 and 33 C.
The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being
strictly
limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise
specified, each such
dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range
surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is
intended to mean
"about 40 mm".
The citation of any document is not to be construed as an admission that it is
prior art
with respect to the present invention. To the extent that any meaning or
definition of a term in
this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a
cited document, the
meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated
and
described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other
changes and
modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
It is therefore
intended to cover herein all such changes and modifications that are within
the scope of this
invention.
