Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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DRILL ROD HANDLER
Field of the Invention
[0001] The present invention relates to the transport and use of pipes and
rods used in on-shore drilling applications, such as in the sinking of bores
into aquifers.
Background to the Invention
[0002] Drilling operations such as the sinking of bores into aquifers require
the use of vertically aligned pipes or rods. In general, it is not practical
above
the ground to erect a drill string which is sufficiently long to achieve the
required depth once inserted into the ground. Instead, a drill string is
provided in rods or pipes above a drill stem, each of which is joined in turn
to
the drill string as the drill stem is lowered into the ground.
[0003] Transportation of rod sections and on-site handling of rods represent
difficult operations. Generally a truck is required to transport the rods
(horizontally), and then a crane is required to lift each rod and to manoeuver
it into position. These operations are both time consuming and labour
intensive.
[0004] The present invention seeks to provide a means of transporting
and/or erecting drill string rods which addresses these concerns.
Summary of the Invention
[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a
handler for elongate members, the handler including a bed on which the
elongate members can be located in a generally horizontal configuration,
and a working arm, the working arm having a grasping means, the working
arm being moveable relative to the bed such that the grasping means is
moveable between a horizontal configuration and a vertical configuration.
[0006] The elongate members may be drill rods as used in a drill string.
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[0007] Preferably the working arm is moveable through at least two degrees
of freedom. This may be rotation about a horizontally aligned axis, and
rotation about a vertical axis.
[0008] The bed may include at least one inclined surface, inclined in a
transverse direction relative to a longitudinal direction of the elongate
members when located horizontally. It is preferred that the bed includes two
inclined surfaces, arranged in a V-shape'. In this way, the bed includes a
primed position lower than the surrounding areas, into which a single drill
rod is encouraged to roll by the action of gravity.
[0009] The bed may be associated with a selector, associated with the
primed position. The selector may be arranged to elevate a drill rod from the
primed position into an elevated position. The selector preferably includes a
cradle arranged to support a drill rod, and legs arranged to raise the cradle
relative to the bed.
[0010] The grasping means may be associated with a grabbing arm. The
grabbing arm may be fixed to the working arm. Preferably, the grabbing arm
is detachably connected to the working arm at a pivot, and includes an angle
adjustment means enabling the relative angle of the working arm and the
grabbing arm to be altered. The handler may be arranged for use with a
number of interchangeable grabbing arms, for instanced sized for use with
different sized drill rods.
[0011] In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention there is
provided a grabbing arm for use in the movement and manipulation of
elongate members, such as drill rods, the grabbing arm being generally
elongate and including at least two grasping means arranged to selectively
locate about an elongate member.
[0012] Preferably each grasping means includes two grasping members, a
first grasping member having a first effective circumference and the second
grasping member having a second effective circumference. The first
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effective circumference is similar to the circumference of the elongate
member to be moved. The second effective circumference is larger than the
first effective circumference. In this way each grasping means has a
grasping member which is able to hold the drill rod, and a grasping member
which is able to locate around the drill rod, and act as a back-up holding
mechanism.
[0013] Each grasping means may include a set of jaws operated by a
linking structure. The linking structure may be arranged such that the
operation of an operating cylinder causes opening and closing of the jaws. It
is preferred that the operating cylinder is arranged to operate radially
relative
to the area bounded by the jaws.
[0014] The grabbing arm may have a moveable foot. The moveable foot
may be arranged to move in an elongate direction, for instance to engage
the base of a drill rod.
[0015] The grabbing arm preferably includes a detection means to indicate
whether an elongate member is in position to be grasped by the grasping
means. This may be a proximity detector.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0016] It will be convenient to further describe the invention with reference
to preferred embodiments of the present invention. Other embodiments are
possible, and consequently the particularity of the following discussion is
not
to be understood as superseding the generality of the preceding description
of the invention. In the drawings:
[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective of a drill rod handler in
accordance with the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the drill rod handler of
Figure 1;
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[0019] Figure 3 is a perspective of a selector within the drill rod handler of
Figure 1;
[0020] Figure 4 is a perspective of a grabbing arm within the drill rod
handler of Figure 1;
[0021] Figure 4a is an enlarged view of a portion of the grabbing arm of
Figure 4;
[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic perspective of the grabbing arm of Figure 4,
shown during use;
[0023] Figure 6 is a cross section through a grasping means within the
grabbing arm of Figure 4;
[0024] Figure 7 is a perspective of the drill rod handler of Figure 1 shown
immediately prior to operation;
[0025] Figure 8 is a cross section through the drill rod handler in the
configuration of Figure 7;
[0026] Figure 9 is a cross section through the drill rod handler of Figure 1,
shown following raising of a selector;
[0027] Figure 10 is a perspective of a portion of the drill rod handler of
Figure 1, shown following grasping of a rod;
[0028] Figure 11 is a cross section through the drill rod handler in the
configuration of Figure 10;
[0029] Figure 12 is a perspective of the drill rod handler of Figure 1, shown
following raising of a rod;
[0030] Figure 13 is a perspective of the drill rod handler of Figure 1, shown
following slewing of a boom arm assembly;
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[0031] Figure 14 is a side view of the drill rod handler of Figure 1, shown as
a rod is being lowered into position;
[0032] Figure 15 is a perspective of the drill rod handler of Figure 1, shown
with a rod ready to be deployed; and
[0033] Figure 16 is a perspective of the drill rod handler of Figure 1, shown
following return of a rod to the drill rod handler.
Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments
[0034] Referring to the Figures, Figure 1 shows a handler 10 for the
transportation of drilling rods, being elongate members. The handler 10 is in
the form of a trailer arranged for attachment to a prime mover or tractor unit
in known fashion. The handler 10 as shown in the drawings is part of a six-
wheeled trailer.
[0035] The handler 10 has a forward end 12, a rear end 14 and two side
edges 16. The handler 10 includes two stabilizers or outriggers 18 along
each side edge 16, which can be deployed for use or retracted for
transportation in known fashion.
[0036] The handler 10 has a generally rectangular bed 20, having an
elongate direction extending from near the forward end 12 to the rear end
14, and a transverse direction extending from one side edge 16 to the other
side edge 16.
[0037] A hydraulic lifting device or boom arm assembly 22 is mounted
towards the rear end 14 of the bed 20. The boom arm assembly 22 has a
base post 24, arranged to slew about a vertical axis, and a working arm 26,
pivotally connected to the base post 24 and arranged to rotate relative to the
base post 24 about a horizontal axis.
[0038] The working arm 26 is generally elongate, with an angled distal end
portion 28. The arrangement is such that when the boom arm assembly 22
is in the rest position, as shown in Figure 1, the working arm 26 extends in
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the elongated direction, parallel to and spaced from the bed 20. The distal
end portion 28 is angled towards the bed 20 at an angle of about 1200
.
[0039] A rotational coupling 30 is mounted to an outer end of the distal end
portion 28. A grabbing arm 40 is mounted to the rotational coupling 30. The
rotational coupling 30 is arranged such that the particular grabbing arm 40
can be readily exchanged for an alternative grabbing arm 40, for instance for
use in the deployment of drill rods of different sizes.
[0040] The grabbing arm 40, as best seen in Figure 4, is elongate, with a
first end 42 and a second end 44. The grabbing arm 40 is generally
rectangular prismatic in shape, with an inner face 41, an outer face 43 and
two side faces 45 extending between the first end 42 and the second end
44. The rotational coupling 30 is mounted to the grabbing arm 40 on the
outer face 43, about one third of the way from the first end 42 to the second
end 44.
[0041] A hydraulically operated telescopic end portion 46 extends from the
second end 44 in an elongate direction. The telescopic end portion 46 is
controlled by a hydraulic ram 48. Operation of the hydraulic ram 48 acts to
increase or decrease the effective length of the grabbing arm 40. The end
portion 46 terminates in a foot 50 which extends inwardly; that is, extends
generally perpendicular to the grabbing arm 40 on the inner face 41.
[0042] The grabbing portion includes two grasping means 52, one located
near the first end 42 and one located near the second end 44.
[0043] Each grasping means 52 has a first grasping member 54 and a
second grasping member 56. Operation of the first grasping member 54 will
be described with reference to Figure 6, with operation of the second
grasping member 56 being substantially similar.
[0044] The first grasping member 54 has a set of grasping jaws 58 which
are arranged to open and close by relative rotation of the jaws 58 about a
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pivot point 60. The pivot point 60 is fixed on the inner face 41 of the
grabbing
arm 40.
[0045] An operating hydraulic cylinder 62 is fixed on the outer face 43 of the
grabbing arm 40, and has a ram 64 arranged to move in a direction
perpendicular to the outer face 43. The ram 64 is fixed to a linking
mechanism 66, which is in turn attached to the jaws 58.
[0046] The arrangement is such that movement of the ram 64 away from
the outer face 43 causes the jaws 58 to close, forming a generally circular
enclosure having a nominal circumference. Movement of the ram 64 towards
the outer face 43 causes the jaws 58 to open. The plane of the generally
circular enclosure is perpendicular to the elongate direction of the grabbing
arm 40.
[0047] It will be appreciated that the direction of operation of the cylinder
62
is generally radial relative to the enclosure formed by the jaws 58.
[0048] The first grasping member 54 and the second grasping member 56
are located next to each other, with their respective jaws 58 being parallel.
The nominal circumference of the jaws 58 of the first grasping member 54 is
smaller than the nominal circumference of the jaws 58 of the second
grasping member 56.
[0049] The grabbing arm 40 includes detection means to determine
whether or not a rod 100 is in the correct position for grasping by the
grasping means 52. The detection means may be an optical detector, such
as a proximity sensor 68 located on the inner face 41 of the grabbing arm
40.
[0050] In use, the grabbing arm 40 is arranged such that the nominal
circumference of the jaws 58 of the first grasping member 54 is similar to the
circumference of the rod 100. When a rod 100 is in the appropriate position,
and the grasping means 52 are activated, the first grasping members 54 will
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hold the rod 100 in position relative to the grabbing arm 40. The second
grasping members 56 will extend around the rod 100 with a small clearance,
and act to prevent detachment of the rod 100 from the grabbing arm 40 in
the event of failure of a first grasping member 54.
[0051] The hydraulic ram 48 is actuated to bring the end portion 46 and the
foot 50 into position near the end of the rod 100, in order to prevent loss of
the rod 100 through slippage.
[0052] The bed 20 of the handler 10 includes three transversely extending
raised supports 70 which support the rods 100 during transport. The raised
supports 70 are arranged to telescope outwards from the side edges 16 to a
distance even beyond that of the outriggers 18, such that during use rods
100 can be arrayed across the bed 20 not just from side edge 16 to side
edge 16, but across the span of the supports 70.
[0053] The supports 70 each include a central portion 72 defined by two
inclined surfaces which meet to form a concave V-shape. It will be
appreciated that a rod 100 will readily come to rest across the base of this V-
shape, in a stable position. This position can be considered a primed
position.
[0054] The bed 20 includes an elongate selector 80 aligned with the central
portion 72 of the supports. The selector 80, as shown in Figure 3, includes
an elongate cradle 82 arranged to support a rod 100, and two legs 84 which
are associated with a hydraulic activation means within the bed 20 (not
shown) to raise or lower the selector 80 relative to the bed 20.
[0055] The supports 70 include outer portions 74 hinged to the central
portion 72. The arrangement is such that the outer portions 74, in
conjunction with the outriggers 18, can be arranged to be generally
horizontal; to be inclined away from the central portion 72; or to be inclined
towards the central portion 72. In this way rods located on the outer portions
74 can be rolled towards or away from the central portion 72.
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[0056] The bed 20 includes additional V-shaped members 76 aligned with
the central portion 72. The additional V-shaped members 76 are each
hinged at a side, and associated with a hydraulic activation means such that
selected additional V-shaped members can be raised in order to provide
impetus to a rod 100 to roll the rod 100 away from the central portion 72.
[0057] Use of the rod handler 10 will now be described with reference to
Figures 7 to 15.
[0058] Figures 7 and 8 show the rod handler 10 in position ready for
deployment of a rod 100. The rod 100 is located in the central portion 72 of
the supports 70. One of the outer portions 74 is arranged in a holding
position for further rods 102, being inclined away from the central portion
72.
It will be observed that the outriggers 18 are deployed, and that the rods 100
extend from the base post 24 of the boom arm assembly 22 right to the
forward end 12 of the bed 20. The working arm 26 and the grabbing arm 40
are both located directly above the rod 100.
[0059] As a safety precaution, the flow of hydraulic fluid to the boom arm
assembly 22 and grabbing arm 40 is disabled unless all four outriggers 18
are properly deployed.
[0060] The first action is the raising of the rod 100 using the selector 80.
The rod 100 is held in the cradle 82, and as the legs 84 are lifted the rod
100
is moved into position within the grasping means 52. This is shown in Figure
9. As a safety precaution, the selector 80 is disabled unless the grasping
means 52 is open.
[0061] The grabbing arm 40 is then operated to grasp the rod 100. This
includes the closing of the jaws 58, and the operation of the hydraulic ram
48 to bring the foot 50 against a base of the rod 100. This position is shown
in Figures 10 and 11.
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[0062] Once the rod 100 has been grasped, it can be moved into position
using the boom arm assembly 22. The first action is to raise the rod 100 to a
vertical position, by rotating the working arm 26 by 90 . This is shown in
Figure 12. As a safety precaution, the working arm 26 cannot be operated
unless the hydraulic pressure operating the grasping means 52 is above a
predetermined limit (for instance, 2500psi); the proximity sensor 68 shows
the rod 100 to be securely in place; and the foot 50 is against the base of
the
rod 100.
[0063] The base post 24 can then be slewed 180 , placing the rod behind
the rear end 14 of the handler 10. This is shown in Figure 13. As a safety
precaution, the base post 24 can only slew if the working arm 26 is in a
vertical position.
[0064] The rod 100 can then be lowered into position above the drill string
(not shown), by rotating the working arm 26. In order to maintain the rod 100
in a vertical configuration, the rotational coupling 30 is also rotated by a
corresponding angle. This is shown in Figure 14.
[0065] Figure 15 shows the final stage of deployment of the rod 100, where
the hydraulic ram 48 is operated to displace the foot 50 from the rod 100,
freeing the base of the rod 100 for connection to the drill string.
[0066] Rods 100 can be returned to the handler 10 using the reverse
procedure. Figure 16 shows a rod 100 which has just been returned to the
handler 10. Additional V-shaped members 76 have been engaged in order
to 'kick the rod 100 away from the central portion 72 towards the outer
portions 74.
[0067] Modifications and variations as would be apparent to a skilled
addressee are deemed to be within the scope of the present invention.
