Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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Specification
Patent application named:
"Conception of a breech block for automatic, gas operated weapons in which,
unlocking of breech
block carry out by direct or indirect influence of gas piston moving in the
direction of the shot under
the action of the powder gases of the shot.
The design of the breech blocks that made by usage of the conception proposed
above.
The design of an automatic, gas operated weapons that carry out by usage of
the breech blocks
proposed above"
Classification
This invention relates to military technology and is aimed at improving semi
automatic and
automatic military and police firearms
The destination and the area of application of the device:
1. Design and manufacturing of gas operated weapons which have possibility of
self-
balancing and, as result of that, have reduced moments of forces transmitted
onto
frame, which arising from of shot and reloading.
2. Design and manufacturing of gas operated assault carbines which have
possibility of
self-balancing and having a high accuracy of firing
3. Design and manufacturing of the gas operated submachine guns which can use
high-
power cartridges and, at the same time, it has a high accuracy and comfort of
firing.
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The proposals which are given into the patenting process:
I. The design of an automatic, gas operated weapon in which the recoil spring
is
supported on mobile parts or a combined unit that moves under the influence of
powder gases in the shot direction - as claimed in my patent application - nn
2,960,545
and an unlocking of a breech block carries out by direct or indirect influence
of a gas
piston moving in the direction of the shot under the action of the powder
gases of the
shot. The design of breech block module of an automatic, gas operated assault
carbine
in which, for the flexible adjustment of the reloading process, two gas
chambers which
sequentially (during the time) acting in opposite directions on the gas
piston, are used.
2. The design of a module of an automatic, gas operated weapon using the
proposed that
declared above, in which during of breech block opening, the gas piston
additionally
presses the bolt to back side of a cartridge and reduces loading on the breech
block at
the time of the unlocking
3. The design of assault carbine that is designed as "bullpup" in basis of
the module that
declared above, in which grip can located near center of gravity as it is
adjustable and
can be deviated from the vertical position, to the right or left, depending on
with which
arm a user carries out shoot.
4. Design of the submachine gun module that carries out by the proposed
above, in
which the main grip's surface, that is held by the user's hand, is formed by
the
magazine being inserted into the simplified frame of a grip.
Description
In present time, there are automatic weapons which have: mechanism working in
balanced
manner; blowback operated mechanism of recharging; blowback operated mechanism
of
recharging with delay; modular design of firearms.
The existent patent applications selected as a prototype
1. Heckler - Koch PSP P7 pistols (Germany) Patent US4132023 - Self-loading
pistol;
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/HK P7
2. A EK-971 http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/248/2482417.html
Automatic weapons with balanced automatics P.N. RU 2.482.417
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There are a few fundamental disadvantages of these prototypes
During process of shooting they transfer all arising moments of forces to a
frame.
They have or a high level of vibration of unbalanced parts both in the
blowback operated
weapons and in the delayed blowback operated weapons, or, in the gas operated
weapons
having a balanced gear's system they, they use too complicated and unreliable
the balancing
mechanism having pinions.
The invention solves next problems ¨
The usage of such method recharging of firearms and design of recharge
mechanism on its
basis, in which, when powerful and special cartridges are used, the recoil and
the vibration
level is lower than in the prototype 1 and 2, but the complexity of the
mechanism less than in
the prototype 2.
The claimed novelties and its differences from the existent patent
applications
Claimed novelty differs from the prototype 1 so:
In claimed novelty, recoil spring of the breech-block is supported on the
mobile part (slider)
that can move under action of powder gases in the shot direction instead of
supporting directly
at a frame of weapons.
In claimed novelty the bolt is unlocked during of movement of gas piston in
direction of shot
and during of breech-block opening, the gas piston additionally presses the
bolt to back side
of a cartridge and reduces loading force to the breech-block in the moment of
unlocking.
In the prototype 1, a recoil spring is supported on a frame and powder gases
only counteracts
to movement of the bolt (slider).
In claimed novelty, the mobile part (slider) and bolt can move in opposite
directions in
relation to each-other and carry out the self-balancing).
In prototype 1, the piston that is under influence of powder gases is
permanently coupled with
slider and bolt.
The claimed novelty differs from the prototype 2 so:
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The prototype 2 has gas operated breech system with rotating bolt and recoil
spring that rests
onto frame.
The balanced breech system of prototype 2 is based on pinion drive.
A recoil spring is supported onto frame and it transfers most of recoil force
to the frame of
firearm.
As result of usage both a pinion drive and a rotating bolt, the prototype 4
more complex to
manufacture and more susceptible to malfunction due pollution.
In claimed novelty, the bolt and the mobile part (slider) in first instant,
before passing of the
check point are moving together in direction of shot and the slider, via
additional spring,
presses the bolt to back side of a cartridge and that reduces the loading
force on the lock at the
time of the unlocking but, after unlocking, they move in opposite directions
to each other and
carry out the self-balancing.
Specified technical result is achieved by:
1. The breech-block is designed in basis of method of controlling of the
parameters of
motion of the lock, in which recoil spring of the lock is not supported on the
frame of
arms:
2. Recoil spring is supported on the movable platform that is associated via
the movable part
with the gas piston or gas brake and this gas piston or this gas brake can
move in a shot
direction under action of powder gases;
3. The movable platform or slider via return spring is moved in direction
of shot and at first,
via the addition spring, it pushed the bolt to button of a cartridge and after
that the lock of
the bolt can be opened
The finished product, which should manufactured and sold:
1. The modular assault carbine intended for various types and a calibers of
rimless cartriges up
to 2000-25001 Fig 2, Fig 4
2. The modular submachine gun for various types and calibers of rimless
ammunition up to 850-
11001 Fig 5
3. The civil, modular, self-loading weapon on basis of proposed above.
The assault carbine is made as the complete module of the minimum basis
configuration
which, by assembling with additional elements, can be completed to the
required
configuration. Fig 1, Fie 6,
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The outer protective shell is made according to the requirements of the
customer from plastic
using methods of injection molding under pressure or 3D printing.
The assault carbine can be completed in the configuration: conventional or
bullpup, with
usage of several different types of barrels and types of cartridges
It is provided possibility of an integral installation of the 50mm rifling
grenade launcher
having reduced recoil, which uses special active or actively-reactive grenade.
The module of assault carbine, depending of a configuration, is intended for
various types and
calibers of rimless ammunition up to 2000-2500J
Breech-block of this module is executed on the basis of described in
statements declared
above with the usage of vertically sliding lock Fig 3.
The breech-block has two modes of rate of fire: main - 400 per min and
accelerated - 600-800
per min.
The breech-block does not have a separate a modes' switch - "single-automatic
fire".
This mode is automatically changed depending on the length of the trigger
movement.
The module uses standard magazines of 20 or 30 rounds
Approximate weight of the base module without magazines is 3.2-3.5kg
The breech block of the assault carbine work in manner described below.
The breech block is ready to action and carries out shot into half opening
position in which
cartridge is half inserted into chamber only with bullet and cannot be
overheated.
The lock of the bolt is in opening position.
It can be locked in this position by the safety lock.
After pushing on trigger, the slider moves forward under influence of return
spring and the
bolt seats cartridge into chamber.
After that, the notch on surface of slider allows to close bolt's lock.
When bolt's lock will be closed firing pin is released and cartridges primer
is acting.
In initial moment of shot, under acting of powder gases from the main gas
block, the piston
goes forward and the slider via return spring is moved in direction of shot
and at first, via the
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addition spring, it pushed the bolt to button of a cartridge and after that
the lock of the bolt
can be opened.
Before then the breech block is unblocked and the bolt under action of powder
gases on
button of cartridges goes backward, piston proceeds to go forward and
compresses return
spring assumes forces of recharging on the lock of the bolt.
After that and when pressure in barrel is decreased, the return spring by
supporting on
remanent pressure in the main gas block and inertia of the gas piston
recharges a new
cartridge.
Below, as an example, the version of the assault carbine is considered that:
has an integrated
50mm grenade launcher; uses the cartridges 6.8 mm Remington SPC; has the
bullpup
configuration with a magazine of 30 rounds; has a simplified plastic case and
a barrel length
of 400 mm, which has a forced cooling by injecting of air by means of usage of
gases of
shoot. Fig 2, Fig 4, Fig 9.
The assault carbine is using standard magazines of 20 or 30 rounds.
Approximate weight of
the base module without magazines is 3.2-3.5kg.
In this variant, the outer shell consists of two side halves connected to the
module using the
lock on the body of the grenade launcher and the upper mounting bar.
On the outer shell, a buttstock is installed as the movable and adjustable
part.
The buttstock has a dumper.
Through left side of the outer shell has access to the firing rate accelerator
/ adjuster and
safety catch of slider.
Through the left side of the outer shell the safety lever of the grenade
launcher is connected
with the module.
For firing from the grenade launcher are used: the front folding sight located
on the muzzle
brake and the rear sight located on the safety lever of the grenade launcher
raised at the firing
position.
Pistol grip can be deviated from the vertical position and be fixed for
shooting as from the
right or as from left hand, which allows placing the pistol grip close to the
magazine, near a
center of the gravity of the assault carbine Fig 10,11.
Air for cooling of barrel enters through the ventilation holes of the outer
shell, as a result of
injection of air under the action of shot's gases in the injector.
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Through both side of the outer shell has access to the recharging handle of
the module.
For executing of a shot by grenade launcher, the safety lever of grenade
launcher is raised up
into the firing position. Fig 12
For partly disassembling, the catches must be pulled out. Fig 7, Fig 8
After that, the removable part of receiver and the slider with bolt and
extractor can be
dislodged to back and recovered
The modular submachine gun on basis of declared above is made as the complete
module
of the minimum basis configuration which, by assembling with additional
elements, can be
completed to the required configuration. Fig 5, Fig 16
In this variant, modular submachine gun uses the cartridges .357 SIG (9x22).
Injection of cartridges can be carry out in any side by means of changing of
position of
deflector.
The module of submachine gun having balanced, gas operated breech system that
is claimed
in Claim 5 is viewed in Fig 5
The structural features of this submachine gun are:
The submachine work in manner as declared in Claim 1 and Claim 2;
The module has three common parts ¨ the breech block; the module of grip and
trigger
mechanism and a combined magazine. Fig 15, 16;
Integration into one sub unit the gas brake with the gas piston Fig 19, 20 and
the master cam
for locking block with the assembling pin for recoil spring.
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The breech block of module of the submachine gun work in manner described
below.
Fig 17, 18
The breech block is ready to action and carries out shot into half opening
position in which
cartridge is half inserted into chamber only up to bullet and cannot be
overheated.
The lock of the bolt is in opening position.
It can be locked in this position by safety lock.
After pushing on trigger, the slider moves forward under influence of return
spring and the
bolt seats cartridge into chamber.
After that, bolt's lock pass to the notch on barrel and it locks breech block.
When the bolt's lock will be closed firing pin is released and cartridges
primer is acting.
After initial moment of shot, under acting of powder gases onto the main gas
block, piston
goes forward and slider via return spring is moved in direction of shot and,
via influence of
the master cam, the lock of the bolt is opened.
When the bolt is released and, under action of powder gases on button of
cartridges, it goes
backward, the combined unit of gas brake and gas piston, at first under action
of gases On the
gas piston and after by action of gases on the gas brake, proceeds to go
forward and
compresses return spring assumes forces of recharging.
When pressure in barrel is decreased, the slider via the return spring that
supporting on
remanent pressure and inertia of the combined unit, recharges a new cartridge
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