Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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CARGO TRANSPORTATION HOUSING COMPRISING A FLEXIBLE FAST DOOR
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention concerns a housing for transportation of a cargo,
such as
truck trailers, housings mounted on the chassis of a truck, intermodal freight
containers or freight train wagons. Said housing comprises walls defining an
inner
space for the storing of a cargo. One of the walls is provided with an opening
to give
access to the inner space from the exterior, which opening can be sealed or
opened by
means of a rigid door. The present invention proposes a solution for rapidly
sealing the
opening during loading or unloading of the inner space in order to maintain
the
atmospheric conditions within the inner space relatively constant in spite of
the coming
and going of an operator carrying goods, as well as for preventing
unauthorized access
to the inner space while the housing is out of sight from said operator.
BACKGROUND OF 'THE INVENTION
[0002] Goods are transported all over the world from production sites to
transformation plants, to industry, distribution and retailing centres, to
shops,
restaurants and end-users. At each stage of the transportation chain, goods
must be
loaded into a transportation container or housing at their starting point and
unloaded
at their arrival points. Such transportation housings can be transported by
ship, plane,
truck, or rail. During the loading or unloading of the housing, goods are
transported
across an opening defined in a wall of such housings into or out of an inner
space
wherein goods can be stored. Access through the opening is allowed by a rigid
door,
which can be opened or closed to give access to the inner space from the
exterior or to
seal the opening. Often, different goods stored in a transportation housing
may have
different delivery addresses, so that the last good to be delivered has
remained the
longest in the inner space and has been exposed to frequent openings and
closings of
the rigid door. The loading or unloading of goods can last quite some time, if
the
operator must transfer goods from the transportation housing to a storing
place or
reverse. Since the rigid door(s) are usually cumbersome to open and close, and
an
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operator has its hands busy with a trolley or trolley jack, they often remain
open during the whole
duration of an unloading or loading operation.
[0003] Some cargoes, however, are sensitive to changes in the environmental
storing
conditions. For example, many goods must be stored in a refrigerated
environment, or
within a controlled level of relative humidity to preserve them during
transportation. In
particular this concerns foodstuff, for example frozen or cooled meat, fish,
vegetable, semi-prepared
plates, fruits, drinks, and the like. It is important never to break to cold
chain lest bacteria start
spreading. It can also concern medicines, sensitive electronic equipment,
biological material, and
the like. The longer the rigid door remains open
during a loading or unloading operation, more the environmental storing
conditions are
likely to be affected with possibly severe consequences on the preservation of
the cargo.
[0004] Furthermore, if an operator loses the transportation container from
sight when
transferring goods between the container and a storing place, unauthorized
people can
penetrate within the inner space of the transportation housing and steal or
damage the
goods stored therein.
[0005] There therefore remains a need in the art for allowing the closing of
an access
aperture in a transportation container every time the crossing of such
aperture is not
required, and allowing the opening thereof when crossing of the aperture is
desired.
The present invention provides a housing for the transportation of a cargo
capable of
rapidly and easily opening and closing a shutter over such access opening, to
maintain the inner
space of the housing separated from the outside. This and other advantages of
the present invention
are presented in continuation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] In particular, the present invention concerns a housing for the
transportation of
a cargo comprising:
(a) walls defining a closed inner space suitable for storing a cargo,
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(b) an opening provided in one of the walls and giving access to the closed
inner
space from an outer atmosphere, and further comprises a rigid door
comprising one or more rigid panels which are movable to seal or unseal said
opening;
(c) a flexible fast door comprising a motorized driving mechanism suitable for
moving a leading edge of a flexible shutter in a first direction to close the
flexible shutter and thus seal said opening, and in a second, opposite
direction
to open the flexible shutter and thus unseal said opening, when said opening
is unsealed by the rigid door, wherein the flexible shutter comprises two
lateral edges engaged in parallel guiding rails fixed to two parallel and
opposite edges of the opening, wherein the rigid panel and/or the parallel
edge of the opening is provided with a groove to accommodate the guiding
rails.
[0007] A housing according to the present invention is typically selected
among one of
the following:
= A truck trailer;
= A cargo housing mounted on the chassis of a truck;
= A cargo compartment in a van;
= An intermodal freight container; or
= A freight train wagon.
[0008] The present invention is particularly advantageous for housings wherein
the
temperature and/or humidity in the inner space are controlled, typically, the
inner
space can be refrigerated.
[0009] The flexible shutter may be selected from a flexible curtain or an
articulated
shutter formed by a series of parallel laths hinged to one another parallel to
the leading
edge. When the flexible shutter is at least partially open, the portion of
flexible shutter
not sealing the opening is preferably stored either (a) rolled-up around a
storing drum
or (b) partially wrapped about a rotating axle and stretched in a storing
direction,
transverse to the direction along which the leading edge is moved to open and
close
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the flexible shutter.
[0010] There are different options for driving the movement of the leading
edge to
open or close a flexible shutter as described above. For example, the
motorized
driving mechanism may drive the rotation of the storing drum or of the
rotational axle
to move the leading edge in a first direction to close the flexible shutter
and in a
second direction to open the flexible shutter. In an alternative embodiment
the
motorized driving mechanism may pull or push linearly the flexible shutter.
[0011] In some embodiments, when the flexible shutter seals the opening, the
flexible
shutter occupies space that is occupied by the rigid panel when the rigid
panel seals
the opening. In some embodiments, the guiding rail does not protrude further
towards
the inner of the closed inner space than the rigid panel does when the rigid
panel seals
the opening.
[0012] In some embodiments, the rigid panel is provided with the groove such
that the
guiding rail is nested when the rigid panel seals the opening. In some
embodiments,
the parallel edge of the opening is provided with the groove such that the
guiding rail
is accommodated flush with a plane defined by said edge.
[0013] In some embodiments, the flexible shutter is prevented from being
closed to
seal the opening while the rigid door seals the opening.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flexible
shutter
comprises two lateral edges engaged in parallel guiding rails defining two
sides of the
opening. The leading edge links the two lateral edges and moves along the
direction
defined by the guiding rails upon closing and opening the flexible shutter.
The opening
is limited by edges defined either by edges defined by the portion of wall
surrounding
the opening, or by edges of a door frame. The guiding rails are fixed to two
parallel
and opposite edges of the opening. Preferably, said edges have a thickness. In
order to
reduce the hindrance of the flexible fast door, it is preferred that the
guiding rails do
not protrude beyond the thickness of the edges defining the opening.
[0015] The two lateral edges of the flexible shutter preferably comprise a
bead or a
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series of adjacent teeth, slideably engaged in an opening of the corresponding
guiding
rail. To prevent damages to the flexible fast door, it is preferred that the
bead or series
of adjacent teeth can be extracted from the opening of the corresponding rail
under the
action of a defined force directed transversely to the guiding rail. In a
preferred
5
embodiment, the flexible fast door comprises a means for reinserting into the
guiding
rail opening the bead or series of adjacent teeth that has been extracted
therefrom, this
means comprising a guide member which is positioned facing the guiding rail
opening
and which is designed so that, while the flexible shutter is being opened, it
deflects
toward the guiding rail opening the bead or series of adjacent teeth that has
been
extracted from this guiding rail opening, wherein the guide member comprises
at least
one pair of rollers having fixed axes of rotation which are located
symmetrically on
each side of the mid-plane of the flexible shutter, in the same plane
substantially
perpendicular to said mid-plane of the flexible shutter and are directed
obliquely with
respect to said mid-plane of the flexible shutter so that the rollers converge
toward the
bottom of the guiding rail opening and roll, as the flexible shutter is moved
in the
opening direction, along the bead or series of teeth which has been extracted
from the
guiding rail opening, pushing it into the guiding rail opening.
[0016] The motorized driving mechanism can be actuated to open and close the
flexible door by means of one or more of:
= a switch mounted in the vicinity of the flexible door, and/or
= a remote control, and/or
= an opening sensor programmed to open the flexible shutter automatically
upon detection of an appropriate opening signal, and/or
= a closing sensor programmed to close the flexible shutter automatically
upon detection of an appropriate closing signal.
[0017] The opening sensor is preferably programmed to open the flexible
shutter
automatically upon detection of one or more of the following opening signals
individually or in combination:
(a)
Detection of a movement within a given area around the flexible fast
door;
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(b) Detection of a person or object within a given area around the
flexible
fast door;
(c) Detection of digital credentials within a given area around
the flexible
fast door;
(d) Optical detection of a graphical element worn by an accredited
operator,
(e) Detection of a wave signal or of the presence of a transponder;
(f) Detection of a voice signal;
(g) Closing of the rigid door.
[0018] The closing sensor is preferably programmed to close the flexible
shutter
automatically upon detection of one or more of the following closing signals
individually or in combination:
(a) Detection of the passage of a person through the opening;
(b) Loss of a signal indicating the presence of a person or object within a
given area around the flexible fast door;
(c) Loss of a wave signal;
(d) Detection of a voice signal;
(e) Expiration of a pre-set opening time.
[0019] The closing sensor is preferably coupled to a safety feature preventing
an
automatic closure of the flexible shutter in case the presence of an object or
person is
detected within a given area around the flexible door.
Brief description of the Figures
[0020] For a fuller understanding of the nature of the present invention,
reference is
made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the
accompanying
drawings in which:
Figure 1: shows various types of transportation housings according to the
present
invention.
Figure 2: shows an embodiment of a flexible shutter used in the present
invention, (a)
perspective view, (b) front view, and (c) side cut view.
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Figure 3: shows side cut views of various embodiments of flexible shutters
suitable for
the present invention.
Figure 4: shows top cut views of various arrangements of rigid door and
flexible
shutter according to the present invention.
Figure 5: shows top cut views of various arrangements of rigid door and
flexible
shutter according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0021] As illustrated in Figure 1, a housing (1) according to the present
invention can
be in the form of a truck trailer as shown in Figure 1(a)-(c), a housing
mounted on the
chassis of a truck, as illustrated in Figure 1(d)&(e), a cargo compartment in
a van, an
intermodal freight container, as depicted in Figure 1(f), a freight train
wagon, and the
like.
[0022] Such containers comprise walls defining a closed inner space (1i)
suitable for
storing a cargo. At least one of said walls, preferably all of them, can be
rigid walls. A
rigid wall is meant herein as a self-supported wall, by contrast to flexible
walls which
require a supporting frame for holding them in place, such as housings covered
by a
flexible tarpaulin as illustrated in Figure 1(e). A housing according to the
present
invention may either comprise no rigid wall (they are all flexible walls as in
Figure 1(e));
or comprise at least one rigid wall, or all the walls are rigid (as in Figure
1(a)-(c)&(0).
[0023] One of the walls is provided with an opening (2) giving access to the
closed
inner space (1i) from the exterior. In case of a rigid wall, the opening is
defined by the
edges of the portion of rigid wall surrounding the opening. In case of a
flexible wall,
such as a tarpaulin, the opening is defined by a frame (1F) ensuring
mechanical stability
under normal conditions of use of the opening (cf. Figures 1(e) and 4(b)). The
opening
can have an area smaller than the one of the wall it pierces, as illustrated
in Figure 1(a)
to (c), or it may extend over substantially the whole area of a wall,
especially a wall
located at the rear of the container, as illustrated in Figure 1(d) to (f).
[0024] Said wall further comprises a rigid door comprising one or more rigid
panels (3)
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which are movable to seal or unseal said opening (2). Again, a rigid panel is
defined
herein as a mechanically self-supported panel. It can be a rigid board, or it
may consist
of a not necessarily rigid material, even a flexible tarpaulin, stretched over
a rigid
frame, as long as the panel (3) as a whole is mechanically stable. An opening
is sealed
by a rigid door generally comprising either a single rigid panel (cf. Figure
2), or a pair
of rigid panels (cf. Figure 1). The rigid panels (3) can be mounted on hinges
(3H) as
shown in Figures 4&5 or they can be sliding panels. In some cases, the rigid
panel can
be a platform which can be tilted horizontally and lowered and raised
hydraulically.
[0025] The gist of the present invention is, as shown in Figures 1(c), (d)-
(f), to provide
a transportation housing as described supra with a flexible fast door
comprising a
motorized driving mechanism (10) suitable for moving a leading edge (4L) of a
flexible
shutter (4) in a first direction to close the flexible shutter and thus seal
said opening,
and in a second, opposite direction to open the flexible shutter and thus
unseal said
opening. Such closing and opening of the flexible shutter must be possible at
least
when said opening is unsealed by the rigid door.
[0026] A flexible fast door is a family of doors comprising a flexible shutter
(4) which is
generally lighter than rigid panels (3), and can thus be moved at high speed.
A flexible
shutter (4) can be a flexible curtain (cf. Figure 3(a)&(b)) or, alternatively,
it can be an
articulated shutter formed by a series of parallel laths (45) hinged to one
another
parallel to the leading edge (4L) (cf. Figure 3(c)). Unlike hinged rigid
doors, which open
out of the plane defined by the opening edges, the motorized driving mechanism
of a
flexible fast door drives the moving of the leading edge (4L) of the flexible
shutter
parallel to the plane of the opening, as shown in Figures 2(a)&(c) and 3.
Because the
space in a transportation housing is limited and reserved for storing a cargo,
it follows
that when open the shutter must be stored in a way occupying as little space
as
possible. For this reason, a shutter suitable for the present invention must
be flexible,
which is understood herein, as sufficiently deformable for being at least
partially
wrapped around a rotating axle.
[0027] As shown in Figure 2 and 3(a)&(b), the flexible shutter can be wound on
and
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unwound from a drum (4D) to open and close the flexible shutter, respectively.
The
motorized driving mechanism preferably rotates the drum to wind and unwind the
flexible shutter. Other driving mechanisms are possible, such as chains or
cables, or a
hydraulic or pneumatic piston pulling the lateral edges, leading edge, or
trailing edge
(opposite the leading edge) of the flexible shutter.
[0028] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 3(c) the flexible shutter can be
partially
wrapped around a rotatable axle to change the orientation of the flexible
shutter. In the
case of a housing for transportation of goods, such a system would preferably
change
the orientation of the flexible shutter by 90 from a plane parallel to
(preferably
co-planar with) the plane defined by the opening edges to a plane parallel to
a ceiling
of the inner space (10 of the housing. In order to guide the flexible shutter
parallel to
the ceiling, transverse guiding rails (7T) can be fixed to the ceiling as
shown in
Figure 3(c). The motorized driving mechanism of such system can drive the
rotation of
the axle, or may comprise chains or cables, or a hydraulic or pneumatic piston
pulling
the lateral edges, leading edge, or trailing edge (opposite the leading edge)
of the
flexible shutter.
[0029] The flexible fast door must occupy as little space as possible within
the inner
space (1i) in order to maintain the original loading capacity of the housing
(i.e., without
a flexible fast door). For this reason, a drum (4D) is preferably used with
flexible
curtains, because the diameter of the drum can be maintained smaller than with
an
articulated shutter. Making without a drum as shown in Figure 3(c) by changing
the
orientation of the flexible shutter saves space compared with a drum, but
reduces the
inner space height available for storing goods at the level of the opening. It
is, however,
advantageous for articulated shutters because the drum diameter required to
wind an
articulated shutter would probably be too large for many applications. In
order to
further save space, the drum (4D) can be, as illustrated in Figure 3(b),
partly encased
within the thickness of the wall surrounding the opening.
[0030] As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the flexible shutter (4) comprises two
lateral edges
which are preferably engaged in parallel guiding rails (7) defining two sides
of the
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opening. The leading edge (4L) links the two lateral edges and moves along the
direction defined by the guiding rails upon closing and opening the flexible
shutter.
The guiding rails (7) can be fixed to the inner side of the wall surrounding
the opening.
It is, however, much preferred if they fixed to two opposite facing edges (1E)
defining
5 the thickness of the wall (1R) or frame (1F) surrounding the opening.
Again, for
reducing the volume loss available for storing goods caused by the presence of
the
flexible fast door, it is preferred that the guiding rails (7) do not protrude
beyond the
thickness of the edges (1E). Figures 4&5, show several designs allowing such
effect to
be reached, with the rigid door being closed on the left hand illustrations
and open in
10 the right hand illustrations. Figure 4 shows an opening in the plane of
the wall
surrounding it such as in containers illustrated in Figure 1(a) to (c), whilst
Figure 5
illustrates an opening adjacent to a second wall transverse to the plane of
the opening,
such as in containers shown in Figure 1(d) to (f). The edges (1E) of the
opening (2), i.e.
the opposite facing edges (1E) of the opening (2), are parallel edges (1E) and
may be
vertical edges.
[0031] For example, as shown in Figure 4(a)&(b), if the rigid panel(s) (3) of
the rigid
door has a thickness lower than the thickness of the wall (1R) or frame (1F)
surrounding
the opening (2), then the guiding rails can be fixed to the portions of the
opposite
facing edges of the opening which are left free by the thinner rigid panel(s)
(3). This
configuration, is however, not always possible, because the rigid panel(s) (3)
may be
required to have the same thickness as the wall or frame surrounding the
opening (2).
Several embodiments are possible to meet such design.
[0032] In some embodiments, the rigid panel (3) and/or the parallel edge (1E)
of the
opening (2) is provided with a groove (1G, 3G) to accommodate the guiding
rails (7) as
shown in Figures 4(c)&(d) and 5(b)&(c). Thereby, when the rigid panel is open
the
flexible shutter is guided within the space where the rigid panel is located
when the
rigid panel is closed. Thus, the space that the flexible shutter occupies is
reduced and
in particular the flexible shutter does not need any the floor area, but
preserves the
amount of floor area in a housing without a flexible shutter. Further, the
risk of
crushing the flexible shutter into or entangling the flexible shutter with
goods present
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in the housing is eliminated or at least reduced, since the flexible shutter
is guided
within the space that the rigid panel occupies when closed. In some
embodiments, the
rigid panel (3) is provided with the groove (3G) such that the guiding rail
(7) is nested
when the rigid panel (3) seals the opening (2). Thereby, the guiding rail is
embraced by
the rigid panel. In some embodiments, the parallel edge (1E) of the opening
(2) is
provided with the groove (1G) such that the guiding rail (7) is accommodated
flush with
a plane defined by said edge (1E). Thereby, the guiding rail is depressed into
the edge
and does not obstruct the rigid panel or the pathway through the opening. In a
first
embodiment, the rigid panel (3) may be provided with a groove (3G) suitable
for
nesting the guiding rail (7) when the rigid panel (3) is closed, as shown in
Figures 4(c)&5(b). In an alternative embodiment, it is the two opposite,
parallel edges
(1E) of the opening (2) which may be provided with a groove (1G) to
accommodate the
guiding rail (7), flush with the plane defined by said edge (1 E), as shown in
Figures 4(d)
and 5(c). For example in these two embodiments, the flexible shutter (4) may
be
.. prevented from being closed to seal the opening (2) while the rigid door
seals the
opening. The rigid door may be prevented from being closed to seal the opening
(2)
while the flexible shutter (4) seals the opening. The flexible shutter (4) can
be closed
only when the rigid door is open and the rigid door can only be closed when
the
flexible shutter is open. The great advantage of the foregoing fixings of the
guiding
rails is that the encumbrance of the flexible door is reduced to a minimum.
[0033] The groove (3G) of the rigid panel (3) may be arranged in a surface of
the rigid
panel (3) facing the parallel edge (1 E) of the opening (2). In some
embodiments, the
groove (3G) of the rigid panel (3) is arranged in a surface of the rigid panel
(3) covered
by the parallel edge (1 E) when the rigid panel (3) seals the opening (2). The
guiding rail
(7) accommodated in the groove (3G) of the rigid panel (3) when the rigid
panel (3)
seals the opening (2) may be covered by the parallel edge (1E) when the rigid
panel (3)
seals the opening (2). The guiding rail (7) accommodated in the groove (3G) of
the rigid
panel (3) when the rigid panel (3) seals the opening (2) may not be accessible
when the
rigid panel (3) seals the opening (2), i.e. it may not be possible to move the
flexible
shutter (4) along the guiding rail (7) when the rigid panel (3) seals the
opening (2). In
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some embodiments, the groove (3G) of the rigid panel (3) is arranged in the
inner
corner of the rigid panel (3), i.e. in the corner of the rigid panel (3)
facing the inner
space (1i) when the rigid panel (3) seals the opening, as shown in figures
4(c) and 5(b).
This facilitates smooth and unobstructed closing of the rigid panel. The inner
corner
may also face the parallel edge (1E) of the opening (2) when the rigid panel
seals the
opening (2). The groove (3G) of the rigid panel (3) may be arranged in a
corner of the
rigid panel (3). The corner of the rigid panel may be a vertical corner.
Alternatively, the
groove of the rigid panel may be arranged displaced from the inner corner
towards the
outside of the rigid panel (not shown). However, in the latter arrangement
where the
groove is displaced from the inner corner, the width of the groove should be
somewhat
larger than otherwise required in order to not obstruct closing of the rigid
panel and to
facilitate smooth and easy closing of the rigid panel.
[0034] The groove (1G) of the parallel edge (1E) of the opening (2) may be
arranged in
a surface of the parallel edge (1E) facing the rigid panel (3). In some
embodiments, the
groove (1G) of the parallel edge (1E) is arranged in a surface of the parallel
edge (1E)
covered by the rigid panel (3) when the rigid panel (3) seals the opening (2).
The
guiding rail (7) accommodated in the groove (1G) of the parallel edge (1E) may
be
covered by the rigid panel (3) when the rigid panel (3) seals the opening (2).
The
guiding rail (7) accommodated in the groove (1G) of the parallel edge (1E) may
not be
accessible when the rigid panel (3) seals the opening (2), i.e. it may not be
possible to
move the flexible shutter (4) along the guiding rail (7) when the rigid panel
(3) seals the
opening (2). In some embodiments, the groove (1G) of the parallel edge (1E) of
the
opening (2) is arranged in line with the inner surface of the rigid panel (3)
and
extending in the width direction of the groove (1G) towards the outside of the
rigid
panel (3) when the rigid panel (3) seals the opening (2), as shown in figure
5(c), or the
groove (1G) of the parallel edge (1E) of the opening (2) is displaced from the
inner
surface of the rigid panel (3) towards the outside of the rigid panel (3) when
the rigid
panel (3) seals the opening (2), as shown in figure 4(d).
[0035] The width of the groove (1G, 3G) may correspond to the width of the
guiding
rail (7). In some embodiments, the depth of the grove (1G, 3G) corresponds to
the
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depth of the guiding rail (7).
[0036] In some embodiments, at least two of the rigid panel (3) and the
parallel edges
(1E) are provided with a groove (1G, 3G) to accommodate the guiding rails (7).
At one
lateral edge of the flexible shutter (4) the groove (1G, 3G) may be provided
in the rigid
panel (3) or in the parallel edge (1E) and at the other lateral edge of the
flexible shutter
(4) the groove (1G, 3G) may be provided in the rigid panel (3) or in the
parallel edge
(1E). Preferably, each groove (1G, 3G) accommodates a guiding rail (7). A
guiding rail
(7) is accommodated in a groove (1G) of the parallel edge (1E) of the opening
(2). A
groove (3G) of the rigid panel (3) accommodates a guiding rail (7) when the
rigid panel
(3) seals the opening (2). In some embodiments, at one or both of the lateral
edges of
the flexible shutter (4) a groove (1G, 3G) is provided both in the rigid panel
(3) and in
the parallel edge (1E), wherein the guiding rail (7) is partly depressed in
the groove (1G)
of the parallel edge (1E) and the guiding rail (7) is partly accommodated in
the groove
(3G) of the rigid panel when the rigid panel seals the opening (not shown),
preferably
the depth of the groove (1G) of the parallel edge (1E) is smaller than the
depth of the
guiding rail (7), also preferably the depth of the groove (3G) of the rigid
panel (3) is
smaller than the depth of the guiding rail (7). In such case, the depth of the
groove (1G)
of the parallel edge (1E) and the depth of the groove (3G) of the rigid panel
(3) may
together correspond to the depth of the guiding rail (7).
[0037] In some embodiments, when the flexible shutter (4) seals the opening
(2), the
flexible shutter (4) occupies space that is occupied by the rigid panel (3)
when the rigid
panel (3) seals the opening (2). Thereby, the extra space within the inner
space that the
flexible shutter occupies is reduced. In particular, the same floor area can
be used for
storing goods also when the housing is equipped with the flexible shutter. In
some
embodiments, the guiding rail (7) does not protrude further towards the inner
of the
closed inner space (1i) than the rigid panel (3) does when the rigid panel (3)
seals the
opening (2). Thereby, the effect of the flexible shutter on the space within
the inner
space is reduced. In particular, the floor area within the inner space of the
housing is
not affected by the presence of the guiding rail and the flexible fast door.
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[0038] The groove (3G) of the rigid panel (3) may be denoted rigid panel
groove (3G).
The groove (3G) of the rigid panel (3) may be a vertical groove, i.e.
vertically arranged.
The groove (1G) of the edge (1E) of the opening (2) may be denoted edge groove
(1G).
The groove (1G) of the edge (1E) of the opening (2) may be a vertical groove,
i.e.
vertically arranged. The guiding rails (7) may be vertical guiding rails, i.e.
vertically
arranged.
[0039] The guiding rails (7) serve to guide the lateral edges of the flexible
shutter (4)
during the moving of the leading edge (4L) which bridges them. The guiding
rails (7)
preferably comprise a longitudinal opening and the two lateral edges of the
flexible
shutter (4) comprise a bead or a series of adjacent teeth, which are slideably
engaged
in said opening of the corresponding guiding rail (7), as can be seen in
Figures 4&5.
With such system, even a flexible curtain is nicely stretched across the
opening, with no
or little wrinkles. Furthermore, the bead or series of teeth give the flexible
door a good
stability against drafts and wind, maintaining the flexible shutter in place
regardless of
the conditions reigning on either side of the flexible shutter. In case the
stress on the
flexible shutter became too high, such as in case of strong wind or of an
accidental
impact, it is preferred that the bead or series of adjacent teeth can be
extracted from
the opening of the corresponding rail under the action of a defined force
directed
transversely to the guiding rail. This safety feature ensures that the
flexible shutter is
not damaged by an excessive stress, since as soon as the lateral edges of the
flexible
shutter are released from the grip of the guiding rails, the force is reduced
instantaneously.
[0040] In one embodiment, the flexible door comprises a reinsertion system of
the
flexible shutter into the guiding rails, in case it was disengaged from the
guiding rails
as discussed supra. A simple system illustrated in Figure 3(a)&(b) is to
ensure that the
breadth of the opening on each guiding rail increases and flares out at the
ends thereof
adjacent to the drum (4D) or rotating axle. In case the lateral edges of the
flexible
shutter were released from the guiding rails, the lateral edges of the
flexible shutter
could be reintroduced into the opening by first opening the flexible shutter
until the
leading edge (4L) of the flexible shutter reaches the level of the flaring out
opening,
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then introducing the bead or teeth into the opening at its widest width, and
finally
driving the leading edge (4L) down toward its closed position to fully engage
the bead
or series of teeth in the guiding rail openings. This operation requires human
intervention.
5 [0041] An automatic reinsertion system in case of removal of the lateral
edges of the
flexible shutter from the guiding rails is described in W02008155292. The
automatic
reinsertion system for reinserting into the opening of the guiding rail the
bead or series
of adjacent teeth that has been extracted therefrom, comprises a guide member
which
is positioned facing the guiding rail opening and which is designed so that,
while the
10 flexible shutter is being opened, it deflects toward the guiding rail
opening the bead or
series of adjacent teeth that has been extracted from this guiding rail
opening. The
guide member comprises at least one pair of rollers having fixed axes of
rotation which
are located symmetrically on each side of the mid-plane of the flexible
shutter, in the
same plane substantially perpendicular to said mid-plane of the flexible
shutter and are
15 directed obliquely with respect to said mid-plane of the flexible
shutter so that the
rollers converge toward the bottom of the guiding rail opening and roll, as
the flexible
shutter is moved in the opening direction, along the bead or series of teeth
which has
been extracted from the guiding rail opening, pushing it into the guiding rail
opening.
[0042] The present invention is advantageous over the prior art transportation
housings in that the time the opening (2) is left open during loading and
unloading
operations is reduced to a minimum. This is of course particularly interesting
in cases
where the temperature and/or humidity in the inner space (1i) must be
controlled, for
example for refrigerated inner spaces (1i) for the transportation of
temperature and/or
humidity sensitive cargoes as discussed in introduction. It is also
advantageous to
prevent any unauthorized person to penetrate into the inner space of the
housing in
the absence of the operator in charge of the loading or unloading. The
motorized
flexible fast door must therefore be fast to close and open, but it is
important too that
the closing and opening of the flexible shutter can be actuated very easily.
An easy
actuation of the closing and opening ensures that an operator will diligently
use the
flexible fast door to seal the opening, when no passage through said opening
is
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required. In a preferred embodiment, the motorized driving mechanism can
therefore
be actuated to open and close the flexible door by means of one or more of:
= A switch mounted in the vicinity of the flexible door. This is certainly
the most
straightforward means for actuating the closing and opening of the flexible
shutter. Such switch is preferably located within the inner space of the
housing,
because if it were located in the outer side of the wall surrounding the
opening,
anyone, even unauthorized person could open the door.
= A remote control can be used. Any remote control known in the art of the
type
used for opening a garage can be used in the present invention. A remote
control may send a signal to a processor of the motorized driving mechanism
(10) to trigger the opening or closing of the flexible shutter. The signal can
be
in the radio frequencies, it can be a Bluetooth or wifi signal, and the like.
The
remote control can be worn by an authorized operator in its pocket, hanging
around the neck, or fixed at the wrist, like a watch.
= An opening sensor programmed to open the flexible shutter automatically upon
detection of an appropriate opening signal, and/or
= A closing sensor programmed to close the flexible shutter automatically
upon
detection of an appropriate closing signal.
[0043] The opening sensor can be programmed to open the flexible shutter
automatically upon detection of one or more of the following opening signals
individually or in combination:
(a) Detection of a movement within a given area around the flexible fast
door;
(b) Detection of a person or object within a given area around the flexible
fast door; The presence of a person can be detected by an infrared
camera recording the heat of the body,
(c) Detection of digital credentials within a given area around the
flexible
fast door; the digital credential can be stored in a magnetic card worn by
the operator, and detected by a sensor,
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(d) Optical detection of a graphical element worn by an accredited
operator;
the graphical element can be worn as a badge sewn or picked on the
coverall or uniform of the operator, or on a hat
(e) Detection of a wave signal or of the presence of a transponder; like
for
the remote control, any wave frequency can be used,
(f) Detection of a voice signal.
(g) Detection of the closing of the rigid door. This is particularly
important
for embodiments wherein the rigid door cannot be closed when the
flexible shutter is closed, as illustrated in Figures 4(c)&(d) and 5(b)&(c).
[0044] The closing sensor, on the other hand, can be programmed to close the
flexible
shutter automatically upon detection of one or more of the following closing
signals
individually or in combination:
(a) Detection of the passage of a person through the opening; this
solution
reduces to a strictest minimum the time the opening (2) remains open.
(b) Loss of a signal indicating the presence of a person or object within a
given area around the flexible fast door; once the sensor loses track of
an opening signal as discussed supra, the flexible shutter can be closed
automatically. The same applies for the,
(c) Loss of a wave signal;
(d) Detection of a voice signal; as for the opening voice signal, a second
sound can be used to close the flexible shutter.
(e) Expiration of a pre-set opening time.
[0045] For safety reasons, in particular --albeit not exclusively-- with an
automatic
closing of the flexible shutter after expiration of a pre-set opening time;
the flexible
fast door may further comprise a safety feature preventing an automatic
closure of the
flexible shutter in case the presence of an object or person is detected
within a given
area around the flexible door. This can consist of for example a wave emitter
mounted
on one lateral edge of the opening, and a wave receptor or reflector mounted
on the
opposite edge. When the wave is interrupted, it is indicative of the passage
of a person
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or object through the opening. All the opening and closing sensors mentioned
supra
are well known to a person skilled in the art, who knowns which sensor or
combination
of sensor will best suit the needs of a specific application.
[0046] With any one or any combination of the foregoing means for activating
the
motorized closing and opening of the flexible fast door, an operator in charge
of
loading and unloading part or all the cargo stored in the inner space of the
housing
finds it very easy, even with its hands full, to close the flexible shutter
for the whole
time it is not required to cross through the opening, and to open the flexible
shutter
only instants before the opening must be crossed. This ensures a higher
stability of the
temperature and humidity reigning in the inner space. In case the inner space
is
refrigerated, special flexible curtains or articulated shutters with high
thermal
insulation properties may be used. The present invention also prevents
unauthorized
people from trespassing into the inner space of the housing, when the operator
is out
of sight, e.g., delivering goods to the recipient or collecting goods to be
loaded. The
flexible shutters, even flexible curtains, traditionally used for flexible
fast doors are
generally made of a fabric coated with a polymeric layer (e.g., PVC), and are
usually
quite resistant and difficult to rip open without specific cutting tools. In
case of a
relatively precious cargo, special curtains can be used comprising fabrics
made of a
material having a high resistance to cutting. For example, polyaramide fibres
can be
used (e.g., Kevlar or Twaron ) or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
(UHMWPE)
(e.g., Dyneema'R)) can be used to form the fabric of the curtain.
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Ref DEANMON
1 housing for storing a cargo
1E edge of opening
1F door frame
1G groove in edge of opening
ii closed inner space of housing
1 R walls of the housing defining the inner space (ii)
2 Opening
3 rigid panel of rigid door
3G groove in rigid panel
3H rigid door hinge
4 flexible shutter of motorized flexible fast door
4D storing drum of flexible shutter (4)
4H shutter hinges between laths (4S)
4L leading edge of the flexible shutter
4S laths hinged to one another to form an articulated shutter
7 guiding rail
7T transverse guiding rail
1 0 driving mechanism
