Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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Cable Connector Assembly
The present invention relates to cable connector assembly, and
relates particularly, but not exclusively, to a cable gland
assembly for connection to a cable to enable the cable to be
connected to an enclosure.
Known cable glands, for connecting a cable to an enclosure,
hold a cable extending through the cable gland in position and
a resilient seal is arranged between an exposed inner sheath
of the cable passing through an aperture of the seal and the
internal surface of a cable gland body. One part of the seal
acts as a diaphragm seal and is caused to grip the external
surface of the cable by means of pushing the cable axially
through the seal, which stretches to accommodate the cable, so
that a frictional seal is achieved between the seal and the
cable. In addition, another part of the seal is compressible
by means of threaded engagement of a first body part with a
second body part which then creates a compressive seal between
the seal and at least the first body part.
This known arrangement suffers from the drawback that insertion
of the cable through the seal to locate it in position in the
gland body can cause excessive wear of, or instant damage to
the seal (especially if the cable end has been cut leaving
sharp edges exposed), and threaded engagement of the first
body part with the second body part to clamp any cable armours
or braids and/or to tighten any outer sealing ring onto the
cable can cause twisting of the seal, which can in turn lead
to further excessive wear of, or damage to, the seal. The known
arrangement suffers from the further disadvantage that because
the seal engages the cable when the cable is inserted through
the gland body, if the cable is inserted too far into the gland
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body and needs to be retracted relative to the gland body,
retraction of the cable can cause buckling of the seal, which
can cause failure of the seal.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention seek to overcome
one or more of the above disadvantages of the prior art.
According to the present invention, there is provided a cable
connector assembly comprising:
a connector body adapted to be mounted to a cable extending
through said connector body;
at least one resilient first seal adapted to be located in the
connector body for sealing between the cable and the connector
body, wherein the first seal has a respective first aperture
therethrough for resiliently engaging part of said cable
extending through said first aperture; and
at least one aperture opening device adapted to extend through
and enlarge said first aperture, and having a hollow body
portion for enabling said part of said cable to extend through
said first aperture without engaging said first seal, wherein
said aperture opening device is adapted to be removed from the
connector body to enable said first seal to resiliently engage
said part of said cable extending through said first aperture.
By providing an aperture opening device adapted to extend
through and enlarge the first aperture, and having a hollow
body portion for enabling part of the cable to extend through
the first aperture without engaging the first seal, wherein
the aperture opening device is adapted to be removed from the
connector body to enable the first seal to resiliently engage
the part of the cable extending through the first aperture,
this provides the advantage of reducing wear of, or damage to
the seal during insertion of the cable into the connector body,
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and avoiding twisting of the seal during threaded engagement
of first and second parts of the connector body to close the
connector body around the cable, by enabling removal of the
aperture opening device at a suitable point in time, when all
cable installation and termination activities that would cause
the cable to move or twist within the cable gland have been
completed. The invention provides the further advantage of
enabling correct location of a cable in the connector body,
and possible retraction of the cable relative to the connector
body if the cable is inserted too far into the body, before
the first seal engages the cable, thereby avoiding buckling of
the first seal and reducing the risk of failure of the first
seal.
At least one said aperture opening device may include a
tapering part for assisting insertion of the aperture opening
device into at least one said first aperture.
This provides the advantage of reducing the risk of damage or
excessive wear to the first seal on insertion of the aperture
opening device into the first aperture.
At least one said tapering part may be removable.
At least one said aperture opening device may include a first
grippable part for enabling the aperture opening device to be
pulled into at least one said first aperture.
At least one said aperture opening device may include a second
grippable part for enabling the aperture opening device to be
pulled out of the connector body.
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This provides the advantage of enabling the second grippable
part to act as a visual indicator that the aperture opening
device has not been removed from the connector body, while
making removal of the aperture opening device by hand easier.
The connector body may include a first body part and a second
body part adapted to engage said first body part to cause at
least one said first seal and/or said cable to be located
relative to said connector body.
The assembly may further comprise gripping means for gripping
at least one sheath of said cable to locate said cable in
position relative to the connector body.
The gripping means may comprise at least one first gripping
part and at least one second gripping part, wherein a first
sheath of the cable is gripped between at least one said first
gripping part and at least one said second gripping part as a
result of engagement of said first body part with said second
body part.
At least one said first seal may be gripped between the first
gripping part and the first body part as a result of engagement
of the first body part with the second body part.
This provides the advantage of enabling the number of component
parts of the assembly to be reduced.
The gripping means may comprise a plurality of first clamping
members for gripping a first sheath of said cable, a plurality
of second clamping members for gripping a second sheath of
said cable, and actuator means for actuating said first and
second clamping members.
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The gripping means may further comprise at least one actuator
member having at least one respective first inclined surface,
for engaging at least one second inclined surface on a
respective said first clamping member to cause said first
clamping member to grip a first sheath of the cable, at least
one respective third inclined surface, for engaging at least
one fourth inclined surface on a respective said second
clamping member to cause said second clamping member to grip
a second sheath of the cable.
This provides the advantage of enabling more compact
construction of the assembly.
At least one said aperture opening device may be adapted to be
removed from the connector body by means of engagement by said
cable.
At least one said aperture opening device may have a cable
engaging part for engaging said cable to enable the aperture
opening device to be pushed through at least one said first
aperture by said cable.
The assembly may further comprise seal clamping means for
clamping at least one seal between said seal clamping means
and said connector body.
The seal clamping means may comprise at least one seal clamping
member adapted to engage the connector body.
At least one said first seal may be adapted to be inverted on
said cable by means of movement of said cable relative to the
connector body.
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The assembly may further comprise at least one protection
member for at least partly covering part of said first seal
protruding from the connector housing.
The assembly may further comprise a third body part, adapted
to engage said second body part, and a second resilient seal
having a second aperture therethrough, wherein said second
seal is adapted to seal between said connector body and a part
of the cable extending through said second aperture as a result
of engagement of said third body part with said second body
part.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described,
by way of example only and not in any limitative sense, with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Figure 1 is a partially cut away side view of a cable connector
assembly of a first embodiment of the present invention, prior
to insertion of a cable;
Figure 2 is a partially cut away side view of the assembly of
Figure 1 with first and second body parts thereof separated
and a cable inserted into the assembly;
Figure 3 is an enlarged view of part of the assembly of Figure
2;
Figure 4 is a partially cut away side view of the assembly of
Figure 2 with the first body part mounted to the second body
part;
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Figure 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional side view of part of
the assembly of Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the arrangement of Figure
4 with the third body part tightened onto the second body part;
Figure 7 is a partially cut-away side view of the arrangement
of Figure 4 during removal of the aperture opening device from
the connector body;
Figure 8 is a partially cut-away side view of part of the
arrangement of Figure 7;
Figure 9 is a partially cut-away side view of the assembly of
Figure 7 after removal of the aperture opening device from the
connector body, and after the first seal has contracted into
its final position, creating the desired seal against the
cable;
Figure 10 is an enlarged view of part of the arrangement of
Figure 9;
Figure 11 is a partially cut-away side view of a connector
assembly of a second embodiment of the present invention during
insertion of the aperture opening device into the first seal
thereof;
Figure 12 is a view corresponding to Figure 11, of a connector
assembly of a third embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 shows removal of a tapered part of the aperture
opening device of Figure 12;
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Figure 14 is a cross sectional side view of a cable gland of
a fourth embodiment of the present invention prior to insertion
of a cable;
Figure 15 is a cross sectional view of the cable gland of
Figure 14, viewed in a different sectional plane and after
insertion of a cable;
Figure 16 is a partially cut away, exploded perspective view
of part of the cable gland of Figure 14 and a seal opening
device, prior to insertion of a cable;
Figure 17 is a side view of the arrangement of Figure 16;
Figure 18 is an assembled view, corresponding to Figure 16,
showing the assembly during insertion of the cable; and
Figure 19 is an enlarged side view of part of the arrangement
of Figure 18.
Referring to Figure 1, a cable connector assembly 2 of a first
embodiment of the present invention for mounting a cable 4
(Figure 2) to an enclosure (not shown) has a connector body 6
which includes a first body part 8 and a second body part 14.
The first body part 8 has a first external screw thread 10,
for engaging an internal screw thread of an aperture in an
enclosure (not shown) for mounting the cable 4 to the
enclosure, and a second external screw thread 12. The second
body part 14 has an internal screw thread 16 for engaging the
second external screw thread 12 of the first body part 8, and
an external screw thread 18. A third body part 20 has an
internal screw thread 22 for engaging the external screw thread
18 of the second body part 14, and has an aperture 22 for
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engaging a shoulder 24 of a ferrule 26 to hold the ferrule 26
in position. The ferrule 26 has an aperture 28 for enabling
the cable 4 to extend therethrough.
A resilient first seal 30 has a first aperture 32 for
resiliently engaging an inner sheath 34 (Figure 2) of the cable
4 extending through the aperture 32, and an annular flange 36
for clamping between a groove 38 in the first body part 8 and
a groove 40 in a first clamping part 42 so that the seal 30 is
held in position between the first body part 8 and the first
clamping part 42. A seal opening device 44 having a hollow
body part 46 and a first grippable part 48 is located in the
aperture 32 of the seal 30 to maintain the aperture 32 in an
enlarged condition to enable insertion of the exposed inner
sheath 34 of the cable 4 through the hollow body part 46
without the seal 30 coming into contact with the cable 4.
The first clamping part 42 has an annular portion 50 and a
conical portion 52, and an annular second clamping part 54
surrounds the conical portion 52 and abuts the annular portion
50 and the second body part 14 to enable conductive earthing
members 56 (Figure 2) forming part of the sheath of the cable
4 to be clamped between the first 42 and second 54 clamping
parts. A resilient second seal 58 is located between the
second body part 14 and the ferrule 26 such that threaded
engagement of the third body part 20 with the second body part
14 axially compresses the second seal 58 to cause it to seal
between the third body part 20 and an outer sheath 60 of the
cable 4 (Figure 2) extending through an aperture 62 in the
second seal 58.
The operation of the assembly 2 of Figures 1 to 10 will now be
described.
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Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the first 8 and second 14 body
parts are firstly separated from each other, and part of the
outer sheath 60 of the cable 4 is removed to expose the inner
sheath 34 of the cable 4 containing electrical conductors 64
and the electrically conductive earth members 56. The exposed
earth members 56 are then cut back to expose the ends of the
earth members 56 in a region between the exposed inner sheath
34 and the intact outer sheath 60, as shown in Figure 2. The
second body part 14 containing the second seal 58 and the
second clamping part 54 is located over the outer sheath 60 of
the cable 4. The third body part 20 is loosely located on the
second body part 14 so that the second seal 58 is uncompressed,
thereby enabling the outer sheath 60 of the cable 4 to easily
pass through the aperture 62 in the second seal 58.
The exposed inner sheath 34 of the cable is then passed through
the aperture in the first clamping part 42 and through the
hollow body part 46 of the aperture opening device 44 located
in the first body part 8 until the exposed electrically
conducting earth members 56 come into contact with an end face
of the first clamping part 42. In this way, the inner sheath
34 of the cable 4 extends through the first aperture 32 in the
first seal 30 without coming into contact with the first seal
30.
Referring now to Figures 4 and 5, the second body part 14 is
mounted to the first body part 8 by mutual engagement of the
screw threads 12, 16, so that the ends of the earthing members
56 become clamped between the first 42 and second 54 clamping
parts and the first seal 30 becomes clamped between the first
body part 6 and first clamping part 42. As shown in Figure 6,
the third body part 20 is then tightened on the second body
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part 14 by mutual engagement of the screw threads 18, 22, which
causes axial compression of the second seal 58, thereby causing
radially inward and outward movement of part of the seal 58 to
create a sealing effect between the outer sheath 60 of the
cable 4 and the inner surface of the third body part 20.
Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the aperture opening device 44
is then removed in an axial direction as shown by arrow A, along
the cable 4 by gripping the first grippable part 48 to remove
the aperture opening device 44 from the connector body 6. The
hollow body part 46 of the aperture opening device 44 may have
perforations (not shown) to enable the hollow body part 46 to
be torn along its length to assist the removal process. This
allows the resilient first seal 30 to come into sealing contact
with the external surface of the inner sheath 34 of the cable
4, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, while minimising excessive
wear of twisting of the seal 30.
Referring to Figure 11 in which parts common to the embodiment
of Figures 1 to 10 are denoted by like reference numerals but
increased by 100, aperture opening device 144 of a cable
connector assembly 102 of a second embodiment of the present
invention has a tapering leading portion 164 for assisting
insertion of hollow body part 146 of the aperture opening
device 144 into the aperture 132 of the first seal 130 while
minimising the risk of damage to the seal 130. The tapering
portion is provided with a second grippable part 166 for
enabling the aperture opening device 144 to be pulled in the
direction of arrow A through the aperture 132 in the first
seal 130. The tapering portion 164 is connected to the hollow
body part 146 by means of a weakened part 168 to enable removal
of the tapering portion 164 and grippable part 166 from the
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hollow body part 146 after insertion into the aperture 132 in
the seal 130.
Referring to Figures 12 and 13, in which parts common to the
embodiment of Figure 11 are denoted by like reference numerals
but increased by 100, an aperture opening device 244 of a third
embodiment of the invention is provided with a tapering portion
264 connected to a hollow body part 246 by means of a weakened
part 268, and is installed in the aperture in the seal by being
pushed in the direction of arrow B using the cable 204. The
tapering portion can then be removed in the direction of arrow
C as shown in Figure 13.
Referring to Figures 14 to 19, in which parts common to the
embodiment of Figures 1 to 10 are denoted by like reference
numerals but increased by 300, a cable connector assembly 302
of a fourth embodiment of the present invention has a cable
gland having a connector body 306 in the form of an entry
item 308 having an external screw thread 310 for engaging an
aperture in an enclosure (not shown) to which the cable gland
is to be mounted, and an outer seal nut 314 having an
external screw thread 316 for engaging an internal screw
thread 312 on a second end of the entry item 308.
A first diaphragm seal 330 (Figure 15) for engaging cable
bedding 357 surrounding conductive cores 364 of a cable 304
is secured in position in the connector body 306 by means of
abutment of an annular radially outward part 370 of the seal
330 with an internal radial surface 372 of the entry item
308, and is held in position by means of a diaphragm clip 374
which resiliently engages the radially outward part 370 and
is in turn abutted by an inner clamp housing part 376, which
surrounds conductive armour 356 of the cable 304. An outer
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clamp housing part 378 surrounds an outer sheath 360 of the
cable 304 and the inner 376 and outer 378 clamp housing parts
have respective radial surfaces 380, 382 which are urged
towards each other as the outer seal nut 314 is tightened
onto the entry item 308. A clamp actuator 384 (Figure 14)
has inclined surfaces 386, 388 at its ends, which engage
respective inclined surfaces 390, 392 on earth clamping
members 394, for engaging the earthing cable armour 356, and
outer sheath clamping members 396 for engaging the cable
outer sheath 360, so that as the inner 376 and outer 378
clamp housings move towards each other, the clamp actuator
384 urges the clamping members 394, 396 radially inwards into
engagement with the cable 304. The clamping members 394, 396
are urged radially outwards by means of clamp springs 398.
A barbed locking ring 400 has a widened portion 402, for
engaging a recess 404 (Figure 14) on an inner surface of the
outer seal nut 314, and recesses 406 (Figure 15) for
receiving an end of the outer clamp housing part 378 in order
to clamp an outer seal 358 in position in the connector
housing 306 to enable the seal 358 to sealingly engage the
cable outer sheath 360. Part of the exposed part of the
outer seal 358 is covered by an outer seal shroud 408 for
protection.
Referring to Figures 16 to 19, assembly of the cable gland of
Figures 14 and 15 will now be described.
The cable 304 is prepared by removing parts of the outer
sheath 360, cable armour 356 and cable bedding 357 as shown
in Figure 15. Sharp edges of the cable armour 356 are then
covered by means of tape 410. A seal opening device 344 has
a cylindrical part 412 having a closed end 414 and a frusto-
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conical part 416 extending from the cylindrical part 412.
The cable gland is initially provided in assembled form in
the form of the assembly shown in Figure 18, and the cable
304 is inserted into the cable gland such that the conductive
cores 364 of the cable 304 engage the closed end 414 of the
seal opening device 344. The outer seal 358 is provided in
an inverted condition as shown in Figure 18, and the seal
opening device 344 has its cylindrical part 412 located in a
cylindrical portion 418 of the outer seal 358, and is held in
position in the cable gland by abutment of the radially
outermost part of the frusto-conical part 416 with a lip 420
on the outer seal shroud 408, which is in turn held in
position by engagement of annular protrusions 422 on the
outer seal shroud 408 with an internal groove 424 on the
outer seal nut 314. The radially outermost part of the outer
seal 358 is clamped in position between the outer seal nut
314 and the barbed locking ring 400.
The cable 304 is then urged into the cable gland so that the
seal opening device 344 is pushed through the outer seal 358
and inner seal 330 and discarded when it has passed through
both seals 330, 358. This allows the inner diaphragm seal
330 to engage the cable bedding 357, and the outer seal 358
to surround the cable outer sheath 360 in its inverted
condition. The cable 306 is then pulled in an outward
direction of the cable gland, which inverts the outer seal
358 on the cable outer sheath 360 to bring the outer seal 358
into its non-inverted condition, as shown in Figure 15.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the
above embodiments have been described by way of example only
and not in any limitative sense, and that various alterations
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and modifications are possible without departure from the scope
of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
