Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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ORAL CARE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING N-ALKYL-N-ACYLGLUCAMINES
BACKGROUND
[0001] Dentin or dentinal hypersensitivity is a common clinical condition
associated with
exposed dentin surfaces of the teeth. Dentin contains a large number of pores
or dentin tubules
that extend from outer surfaces of the teeth to the nerves within the teeth.
As such, exposure of
the dentin often leads to increased sensitivity of the teeth to external
stimuli (e.g., temperature,
pressure, etc.). In view of the foregoing, conventional oral care products or
compositions thereof
may often attempt to numb the nerve or incorporate filling or blocking agents
to ameliorate the
sensitivity of the teeth. For example, conventional oral care compositions,
such as Colgate
Sensitive Pro-Relief , often include arginine and calcium carbonate as
blocking agents to
occlude the dentin and reduce sensitivity.
[0002] While conventional oral care compositions have proven to be effective
in reducing
sensitivity, the active ingredients (e.g., arginine, calcium carbonate, etc.)
may often react with
one or more foaming agents of the oral care compositions to thereby reduce the
ability of the oral
care compositions to generate foam For example, conventional oral care
compositions primarily
utilize anionic surfactants, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, as the primary
foaming agent. The
anionic surfactants, however, react with the cationically charged arginine and
the calcium cations
provided by the calcium carbonate to produce insoluble salts, thereby reducing
the availability of
the foaming agent and the foaming capacity thereof
[0003] What is needed, then, are improved desensitizing oral care compositions
and methods for
the same.
BRIEF SUMMARY
[0004] This summary is intended merely to introduce a simplified summary of
some aspects of
one or more implementations of the present disclosure. Further areas of
applicability of the
present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description provided
hereinafter. This
summary is not an extensive overview, nor is it intended to identify key or
critical elements of
the present teachings, nor to delineate the scope of the disclosure. Rather,
its purpose is merely
to present one or more concepts in simplified form as a prelude to the
detailed description below.
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[0005] The foregoing and/or other aspects and utilities embodied in the
present disclosure may
be achieved by providing an oral care composition including an orally
acceptable vehicle and
one or more surfactants. The one or more surfactants may include an N-alkyl-N-
acylglucamine.
[0006] In at least one implementation, the oral care composition may further
include an amino
acid. In at least one implementation, the amino acid may include one or more
of arginine, lysine,
citrulline, omithine, creatine, histidine, diaminobutanoic acid,
diaminopropionic acid, salts
thereof, or combinations thereof. In at least one implementation, the amino
acid may include
arginine, optionally, the arginine is provided by arginine bicarbonate,
further optionally, the
arginine is provided by an arginine bicarbonate solution.
[0007] In at least one implementation, the oral care composition may further
include an abrasive.
In at least one implementation, the abrasive may include one or more of sodium
metaphosphate,
potassium metaphosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, magnesium orthophosphate,
trimagnesium
orthophosphate, tricalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, anhydrous
dicalcium
phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, hydrated alumina, silica,
zirconium
silicate, aluminum silicate, calcined aluminum silicate, polymethyl
methacrylate, or
combinations thereof. In at least one implementation, the abrasive may include
calcium
carbonate, optionally, the calcium carbonate may include natural calcium
carbonate and/or
precipitated calcium carbonate.
[0008] In at least one implementation, the N-alkyl-N-acylglucatnine may be
represented by
formula (I), as disclosed herein, where Ra may be a linear or branched,
saturated, or unsaturated
C6-C22 alkyl group, or an alkyl radical or a mono- or polyunsaturated alkenyl
radical, and where
RI, is a CI-C4 alkyl group. In at least one implementation, the N-alkyl-N-
acylglucamine may
include an N-methyl-N-acylglucamine. In at least one implementation, the N-
alkyl-N-
acylglucamine may include an N-Methyl-N-Cs-Cio-acylglucamine and/or an N-
methyl-N-C12-
C14-acylglucamine.
[0009] In at least one implementation, the one or more surfactants may further
include one or
more anionic surfactants, one or more nonionic surfactants, one or more
cationic surfactants, one
or more amphoteric, one or more zwitterionic surfactants, or combinations
thereof.
[0010] In at least one implementation, the one or more surfactants may further
include an
anionic surfactant, optionally, the anionic surfactant may include sodium N-
methyl-N-alkyl
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taurate, optionally, the sodium N-methyl-N-alkyl taurate may include sodium
cocoyl methyl
taurate and sodium lauroyl methyl taurate.
[0011] In at least one implementation, the one or more surfactants may further
include
betaines and sultaines optionally, the betaines include cocamidopropyl
betaine.
[0012] In at least one implementation, the oral care composition may be free
or substantially
free of sodium lauryl sulfate.
[0013] In at least one implementation, the oral care composition is a
toothpaste.
[0014] The foregoing and/or other aspects and utilities embodied in the
present disclosure
may be achieved by providing a method for treating dentinal hypersensitivity
in a human,
the method may include contacting any one or more of the oral care
compositions disclosed
herein with surfaces of teeth or the human.
[0015] The foregoing and/or other aspects and utilities embodied in the
present disclosure
may be achieved by providing any one or more of the oral care compositions
disclosed
herein for use in treating dentinal hypersensitivity in a human.
[0016] The foregoing and/or other aspects and utilities embodied in the
present disclosure
may be achieved by providing a method for preparing an oral care composition
having
increased foam generation. The method may include combining an orally
acceptable vehicle
with at least one N-alkyl-N- acylglucamine, and optionally, at least one
additional surfactant
or foaming agent. The method may further include adding one or more amino
acids and one
or more abrasives to the orally acceptable vehicle and the at least one N-
alkyl-N-
acylglucamine.
[0016a] In another aspect, the present invention provides an oral care
composition,
comprising: an orally acceptable vehicle; an amino acid; and one or more
surfactants,
wherein the one or more surfactants comprise an N-alkyl-N-acylglucamine.
10016b] In another aspect, the present invention provides use of the oral care
composition
as described herein for treating or reducing dentinal hypersensitivity in a
human.
[0016c] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for
preparing an oral care
composition having increased foam generation, the method comprising combining
an orally
acceptable vehicle with at least one N-alkyl-N- acylglucamine, further
comprising adding at
least one additional surfactant or foaming agent to the orally acceptable
vehicle and the at
least one N-alkyl-N- acylglucamine, and further comprising adding one or more
amino acids
and one or more abrasives to the orally acceptable vehicle and the at least
one N-alkyl-N-
acylglucamine
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[0017] Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure will become
apparent from
the detailed description provided hereinafter. It should be understood that
the detailed
description and specific examples, while indicating some typical aspects of
the disclosure,
are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit
the scope of the
disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The following description of various typical aspect(s) is merely
exemplary in nature
and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses.
[0019] As used throughout this disclosure, ranges are used as shorthand for
describing each
and every value that is within the range. It should be appreciated and
understood that the
description
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in a range format is merely for convenience and brevity, and should not be
construed as an
inflexible limitation on the scope of any embodiments or implementations
disclosed herein.
Accordingly, the disclosed range should be construed to have specifically
disclosed all the
possible subranges as well as individual numerical values within that range.
As such, any value
within the range may be selected as the terminus of the range. For example,
description of a
range such as from I to 5 should be considered to have specifically disclosed
subranges such as
from 1.5 to 3, from 1 to 4.5, from 2 to 5, from 3.1 to 5, etc., as well as
individual numbers within
that range, for example, 1, 2, 3, 3.2, 4, 5, etc. This applies regardless of
the breadth of the range.
[0020] In the event of a conflict in a definition in the present disclosure
and that of a cited
reference, the present disclosure controls.
[0021] Unless otherwise specified, all percentages and amounts expressed
herein and elsewhere
in the specification should be understood to refer to percentages by weight.
[0022] Additionally, all numerical values are "about" or "approximately" the
indicated value,
and take into account experimental error and variations that would be expected
by a person
having ordinary skill in the art. It should be appreciated that all numerical
values and ranges
disclosed herein are approximate values and ranges, whether "about" is used in
conjunction
therewith. It should also be appreciated that the term "about," as used
herein, in conjunction
with a numeral refers to a value that may be 0.01% (inclusive), 0.10%
(inclusive), 0.5%
(inclusive), 1% (inclusive) of that numeral, 2% (inclusive) of that
numeral, 3% (inclusive)
of that numeral, 5% (inclusive) of that numeral, 10% (inclusive) of that
numeral, or 15%
(inclusive) of that numeral. It should further be appreciated that when a
numerical range is
disclosed herein, any numerical value falling within the range is also
specifically disclosed
[00231 The present inventors have surprisingly and unexpectedly discovered
that oral care
compositions utilizing a N-alkyl-N-acylglucamine, such as an N-Methyl-N-Ca-Cur
acylglucamine and/or an N-Methyl-N-C12-C14-acylglucamine, as a foaming agent
exhibit
relatively greater foam generation as compared to conventional oral care
compositions including
conventional surfactants, such as sodium lauryl sulfate. It should be
appreciated that the oral
care compositions including the N-alkyl-N-acylglucamines exhibited relatively
greater foam
generation at relatively lower concentrations, and that the foam generated was
relatively denser,
richer, and/or creamier than the foam generated from conventional oral care
composition
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including the conventional surfactants. It was also surprisingly and
unexpectedly discovered that
supplementing the N-alkyl-N-acylglucamine with an additional surfactant or
foaming agent,
whether active or inactive, further enhanced the foam generation in the oral
care composition as
compared to the conventional oral care composition.
COMPOSITIONS
[0024] Compositions disclosed herein may be or include an oral care product or
an oral care
composition thereof For example, the compositions disclosed herein may be an
oral care
product including an oral care composition or the oral care composition
thereof. In at least one
implementation, the compositions disclosed herein may be or include oral care
compositions
including an orally acceptable vehicle or carrier and at least one N-alkyl-N-
acylglucamine
capable of or configured to provide relatively greater foam production as
compared to
conventional oral care compositions. For example, compositions disclosed
herein may be or
include oral care compositions, such as toothpaste compositions for sensitive
teeth, that include
an orally acceptable vehicle or carrier and at least one N-alkyl-N-
acylglucamine, such as an N-
Methyl-N-C8-C10-acylglucamine and/or an N-Methyl-N-C12-C14-acylglucamine,
capable of or
configured to provide relatively greater foam production as compared to
conventional oral care
compositions, which utilize conventional cationically charged surfactants,
such as sodium lauryl
sulfate (SLS). In at least one implementation, the oral care composition may
include an orally
acceptable vehicle or carrier, one or more N-alkyl-N-acylglucamines, one or
more amino acids,
and one or more abrasives. In another implementation, the oral care
composition may include an
orally acceptable vehicle or carrier, one or more N-alkyl-N-acylglucamines and
at least one
additional surfactant or foaming agent, one or more amino acids (e.g.,
arginine), and one or more
abrasives (e.g., calcium carbonate).
[0025] Illustrative oral care products or compositions of the present
disclosure may be or
include, but are not limited to, a toothpaste (dentifrice), a prophylactic
paste, a tooth powder, or a
tooth gel (e.g., a whitening gel). In an exemplary implementation, the oral
care composition
disclosed herein may be a dentifrice or toothpaste. For example, the oral care
composition
disclosed herein may be a toothpaste for treating teeth sensitivity or
dentinal hypersensitivity.
[0026] The oral care product or the oral care composition thereof may be a
single phase oral care
product or a single phase oral care composition. For example, all the
components of the oral
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care product or the oral care composition thereof may be maintained together
with one another in
a single phase and/or vessel. For example, all the components of the oral care
product or the oral
care composition thereof may be maintained in a single phase, such as a single
homogenous
phase. In another implementation, the oral care product or the oral care
composition thereof may
be a multi-phase oral care product or a multi-phase oral care composition.
[0027] The oral care product or the oral care composition thereof prior to use
may have a "low
water content". As used herein, "low water content" may refer to a composition
that contains
water in an amount greater than about 5 weight % and less than about 15 weight
%, less than
about 13 weight %, less than about 10 weight %, or less than about 7 weight %,
based on a total
weight of the oral care composition. In another implementation, the oral care
product or the oral
care composition thereof may be an anhydrous formulation or an anhydrous
composition. For
example, the oral care composition prior to use may be anhydrous, free, or
substantially free of
water. As used herein, "free of water" or "substantially free of water" may
refer to a
composition that contains water in an amount of less than 5.0 weight %, less
than 3.0 weight %,
less than 1.0 weight %, less than 0.1 weight %, less than 0.05 weight %, less
than 0.01 weight %,
less than 0.005 weight ,4, or less than 0.0001 weight 04, based on the total
weight of the oral care
composition.
Amino Acid
[00281 The oral care composition may include one or more amino acids. The one
or more amino
acids of the oral care composition may be in free or salt form. Illustrative
amino acids that may
be utilized in the oral care composition may include, but are not limited to,
arginine, lysine,
citrulline, omithine, creatine, histidine, diaminobutanoic acid,
diaminoproprionic acid, salts
thereof and/or combinations thereof. The amino acids of the oral care
composition may
generally be present in the L-form or L-configuration. The amino acids may be
provided as a
salt of a di- or tri-peptide including the amino acid. In at least one
implementation, at least a
portion of the amino acid present in the oral care composition is in the salt
form. In a preferred
implementation, the oral care composition includes at least arginine (e.g., L-
arginine) or a source
of arginine. The arginine may be provided as free arginine or a salt thereof.
For example, the
arginine may be provided as arginine phosphate, arginine hydrochloride,
arginine sulfate,
arginine bicarbonate, or the like, and mixtures or combinations thereof. The
one or more amino
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acids may be provided as a solution or a solid. For example, the one or more
amino acids may
be provided as an aqueous solution. In a preferred implementation, the one or
more amino acids
include or is provided by an arginine bicarbonate solution.
[00291 The amount or concentration of the one or more amino acids present in
the oral care
composition may vary widely. In at least one implementation, the amount or
concentration of
the one or more amino acids may be from greater than 0 weight % to about 20
weight %, based
on the total weight of the oral care composition. For example, the amount of
one or more amino
acids present in the oral care composition may be from greater than 0 weight
ce/O, about 2 weight
%, about 4 weight %, about 6 weight %, about 8 weight %, or about 10 weight %
to about 12
weight %, about 14 weight %, about 16 weight %, about 18 weight %, or about 20
weight %,
based on the total weight of the oral care composition. In another example,
the amount of one or
more amino acids present in the oral care composition may be from greater than
0 weight % to
about 20 weight %, about 4 weight A) to about 12 weight %, about 6 weight %
to about 10
weight %, or about 8 weight %, based on the total weight of the oral care
composition. In a
preferred embodiment, the oral care composition includes from about 6 weight %
to about 10
weight % or about 8 weight %, based on a total weight of the oral care
composition, and the
amino acid may be provided by a solution. For example, the amino acid may be
provided by an
about 40% solution of the one or more amino acids, such as arginine.
Abrasive or Abrasive System
[00301 The oral care compositions may include one or more abrasives or an
abrasive system
including one or more abrasives. As used herein, the term "abrasive" may also
refer to materials
commonly referred to as "polishing agents". Any orally acceptable abrasive may
be used, but
preferably, type, fineness (particle size), and amount of the abrasive may be
selected such that
the tooth enamel is not excessively abraded in normal use of the oral care
composition.
100311 The one or more abrasives may have a particle size or D50 of less than
or equal to about
gm, less than or equal to about 8 gm, less than or equal to about 5 gm, or
less than or equal to
about 3 gm. The one or more abrasives may have a particle size or D50 of
greater than or equal
to about 0.01 gm, greater than or equal to about 0.05 gm, greater than or
equal to about 0.1 gm,
greater than or equal to about 0.5 gm, or greater than or equal to about 1 gm.
Illustrative
abrasives may include, but are not limited to, metaphosphate compounds,
phosphate salts (e.g.,
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insoluble phosphate salts), such as sodium metaphosphate, potassium
metaphosphate, calcium
pyrophosphate, magnesium orthophosphate, trimagnesium orthophosphate,
tricalcium phosphate,
dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, anhydrous dicalcium phosphate, calcium
carbonate (e.g.,
precipitated calcium carbonate and/or natural calcium carbonate), magnesium
carbonate,
hydrated alumina, silica, zirconium silicate, aluminum silicate including
calcined aluminum
silicate, polymethyl methacrylate, and the like, and mixtures or combinations
thereof.
[00321 In a preferred implementation, the oral care composition includes at
least calcium
carbonate as an abrasive. In at least one implementation, precipitated calcium
carbonate may be
preferred over natural calcium carbonate. While not intending to be bound by
theory, it is
believed that natural calcium carbonate has relatively greater crystallinity
or a relatively more
crystalline structure as compared to precipitated calcium carbonate, thereby
making the calcium
carbonate very hard. Conversely, precipitated calcium carbonate is relatively
more amorphous
and more friable or easily crumbled. As such, the precipitated calcium
carbonate has a relatively
lower abrasivity as compared to the natural calcium carbonate, while
maintaining adequate
cleaning power.
[0033] The one or more of the abrasives in the abrasive system may have a
pellicle cleaning ratio
(PCR) greater than or equal to 80, greater than or equal to 82, greater than
or equal to 84, greater
than or equal to 86, greater than or equal to 88, greater than or equal to 90,
greater than or equal
to 92, greater than or equal to 94, greater than or equal to 96, greater than
or equal to 98, greater
than or equal to 100, greater than or equal to 102, greater than or equal to
104, greater than or
equal to 106, greater than or equal to 108, greater than or equal to 110,
greater than or equal to
112, or greater.
100341 The amount or concentration of the one or more abrasives present in the
oral care
composition may vary widely. In at least one implementation, the amount or
concentration of
the abrasives may be from greater than 0 weight % to about 60 weight %, based
on a total weight
of the oral care composition. For example, the amount of the abrasives present
in the oral care
composition may be from greater than 0 weight %, about 2 weight %, about 4
weight %, about 6
weight %, about 8 weight %, about 10 weight A), about 12 weight %, about 14
weight %, about
16 weight /0, about 18 weight %, or about 19 weight % to about 21 weight %,
about 22 weight
%, about 24 weight %, about 26 weight %, about 28 weight %, about 30 weight %,
about 32
weight %, about 34 weight %, about 36 weight %, about 38 weight %, or about 40
weight %. In
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another example, the amount of the abrasives present in the oral care
composition may be from
greater than 0 weight % to about 40 weight %, about 2 weight % to about 38
weight %, about 4
weight % to about 36 weight %, about 6 weight A, to about 34 weight %, about
8 weight % to
about 32 weight %, about 10 weight Ã17i) to about 30 weight %, about 12 weight
% to about 28
weight %, about 14 weight % to about 26 weight %, about 16 weight % to about
24 weight %,
about 18 weight A) to about 22 weight %, or about 19 weight % to about 21
weight %. In a
preferred implementation, the amount of the abrasives present in the oral care
composition may
be from about 25 weight % to about 45 weight /0, preferably about 30 weight %
to about 40
weight %, or more preferably about 35 weight /0, based on a total weight of
the oral care
composition.
Surfactant(s) or Foaming System
[0035] The oral care composition may include one or more surfactants or
foaming agents
capable of or configured to provide relatively greater foam production as
compared to
conventional oral care compositions.
[00361 In at least one implementation, the one or more surfactants or foaming
agents may
include at least one N-alkyl-N-acylglucamine. In another implementation, the
one or more
surfactants or foaming agents may include at least one N-alkyl-N-acylglucamine
and an
additional surfactant. For example, the one or more surfactants or foaming
agents may include at
least one N-alkyl-N-acylglucamine, as an active surfactant or foaming agent,
and at least one
additional surfactant or foaming agent. The additional surfactant or foaming
agent may be an
active surfactant or an inactive surfactant.
[0037] The N-alkyl-N-acylglucamine may be represented by formula (I),
(.) 014 ?14
RAI
Rh OH OH (I)
where, Ra is a linear or branched, saturated, or unsaturated C6-C22 alkyl
group, or an alkyl radical
or a mono- or polyunsaturated alkenyl radical, and Rb is a C1-C.4 alkyl group.
In a preferred
implementation, the N-alkyl-N-acylglucamine may be or include an N-Methyl-N-
acylglucamine.
For example, the one or more N-alkyl-N-acylglucamines may be or include an N-
Methyl-N-Cs-
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Cio-Acylglucamine and/or an N-Methyl-N-Cl2-C14-Acylglucamine. In at
least one
implementation, the N-alkyl-N-acylglucamine may be or include GLUCOPURE WET
(CAS-
No. 1591782-62-5) and/or GLUCOPURE DEG (CAS-No. 287735-50-6), each of which
are
commercially available from Clariant Corp. of Charlotte, NC
[0038] The additional surfactants of foaming agents may be or include, but are
not limited to,
one or more anionic surfactants, one or more nonionic surfactants, one or more
cationic
surfactants, one or more amphoteric, one or more zwifterionic surfactants, or
combinations
thereof.
[00391 The anionic surfactants may be or include, but are not limited to,
water-soluble salts of
C8-20 alkyl sulfates, sulfonated monoglycerides of C8-20 fatty acids,
sarcosinates, taurates, and
the like. Illustrative anionic surfactants may also be or include, but are not
limited to, sodium
lauryl sulfate, sodium cocoyl monoglyceride sulfonate, sodium lauryl
sarcosinate, sodium lauryl
isoethionate. sodium laureth carboxylate, sodium lauroyl methyl taurate, and
sodium dodecyl
benzenesulfonate. Additional illustrative anionic surfactants may be or
include, but are not
limited to, water-soluble salts of higher fatty acid monoglyceride
monosulfates, such as the
sodium salt of the monosulfated monoglyceride of hydrogenated coconut oil
fatty acids such as a
sodium N-methyl-N-alkyl taurate, sodium N-methyl-N-cocoyl taurate or sodium
methyl cocoyl
taurate, sodium cocoyl methyl taurate, sodium lauroyl methyl taurate, sodium
cocomo-glyceride
sulfate; higher alkyl sulfates, such as sodium lauryl sulfate; higher alkyl-
ether sulfates, e.g., of
formula CH3(C112).0-12(0CF12C112).0S03X, wherein m is 6-16, e.g., 10, n is 1-
6, e.g. 2, 3 or 4,
and X is Na, for example sodium laureth-2 sulfate
(CH3(CH2)toC112(OCH2CH2)20S03Na);
higher alkyl aryl sulfonates such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (sodium
lauryl benzene
sulfonate); higher alkyl sulfoacetates, such as sodium lauryl sulfoacetate
(dodecyl sodium
sulfoacetate), higher fatty acid esters of 1,2 dihydroxy propane sulfonate,
sulfocolaurate (N-2-
ethyl laurate potassium sulfoacetamide) and sodium lauryl sarcosinate. As used
herein, "higher
alkyl" may refer to a C6-C30 alkyl. In at least one implementation, the
anionic surfactant may
include one or more sodium N-methyl-N-alkyl taurates, such as sodium cocoyl
methyl taurate,
sodium lauroyl methyl taurate, and the like, and combinations thereof. When
present, the
anionic surfactant is present in an amount that is effective, e.g., greater
than or equal to about
0.001% by weight of the formulation, but not at a concentration that would be
irritating to the
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oral tissue, e.g., greater than or equal to about 1%, and optimal
concentrations depend on the
particular formulation and the particular surfactant
[00401 In at least one preferred implementation, the oral care composition
includes one or more
N-Methyl-N-acylglucamines and at least one anionic surfactant. For example,
the oral care
composition includes one or more N-Methyl-N-acylglucamines and sodium N-methyl-
N-cocoyl
taurate or sodium methyl cocoyl taurate.
[0041] In at least one implementation, anionic surfactants utilized in the
oral care composition
does not include sodium lauryl sulfate. For example, as further described
herein, the oral care
composition may be free or substantially free of sodium lauryl sulfate. As
used herein, "free" or
"substantially free" of a material may refer to a composition, component, or
phase where the
material is present in an amount of less than 10.0 weight %, less than 5.0
weight %, less than 3.0
weight %, less than 1.0 weight %, less than 0.1 weight A, less than 0.05
weight %, less than 0.01
weight %, less than 0.005 weight ')/O, or less than 0.0001 weight % based on a
total weight of the
composition, component, or phase.
[0042] The amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants may be or include, but are
not limited to,
derivatives of C8.20 aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines having an anionic
group such as
carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate or phosphonate.
Illustrative amphoteric and
zwitterionic surfactants may include, but are not limited to, sultaines and
betaines, such as
cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary
amines in which
the aliphatic radical can be a straight or branched chain and wherein one of
the aliphatic
substituents contains about 8-18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic
water-solubilizing
group, such as carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate, or
the like, and
combinations thereof. In at least one preferred implementation, the oral care
composition
includes one or more N-Methyl-N-acylglucamines and at least one amphoteric
and/or
zwitterionic surfactant. For example, the oral care composition includes one
or more N-Methyl-
N-acylglucamines and one or more betaines, such as cocamidopropyl betaine.
[0043] Illustrative nonionic surfactants may be or include, but are not
limited to, octoxynol (e.g.,
Macrogol tetramethylbutylphenyl ether, octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol, or
polyoxyethylene
octylphenyl ether), such as octoxynol 1, 3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 16, 30, 40,
70, wherein the number
indicates the number of repeating oxyethylene units, or other octoxynols that
include different
numbers of repeating units of oxyethylene in the side chain, sorbita.n esters
(e.g., sorbitan
11
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monooleate and sorbitan monostearate, etc.) commonly known by their trade
names SPAN 80
and SPAN 60), polysorbates (e.g., polysorbate 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan
monooleate),
polysorbate 60 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate), polysorbate 20
(polyoxyethylene
sorbitan monolaurate), commonly known by their trade names of TWEEN 80, TWEEN
60,
Tween 20), poloxamers (synthetic block polymers of ethylene oxide and
propylene oxide, such
as those commonly known by their trade names of PLURONIC ; e.g., PLURONIC
F127 or
PLURONIC F108), or poloxamines (synthetic block polymers of ethylene oxide
and propylene
oxide attached to ethylene diamine, such as those commonly known by their
trade names of
TETRONIC; e.g., TETRONIC 1508 or TETRONIC 908, etc.), other nonionic
surfactants
such as BRIJ (polyoxyethylene alkyl ether having a formula of
CH3¨(CH2)10.16¨(0¨C2H4)1.
25-0H), MYRJ (stearic acid esteiified with polyoxyethylene having 40-100
repeating
oxyethylene units), and long chain fatty alcohols (e.g., oleyl alcohol,
stearyl alcohol, myristyl
alcohol, docosahexaenoyl alcohol, etc.) with carbon chains having about 12 or
more carbon
atoms (e.g., such as from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms). Additional
nonionic surfactants
may be or include, but are not limited to, polyethylene oxide condensates of
alkyl phenols,
products derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction
product of propylene
oxide and ethylenediamine, ethylene oxide condensates of aliphatic alcohols,
long chain tertiary
amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides, long chain dialkyl
sulfoxides, and the like, or
combinations thereof. In at least one implementation, the nonionic surfactants
may be broadly
defined as compounds produced by the condensation of allcylene oxide groups
(hydrophilic in
nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or
alkylaromatic in
nature.
[0044] In at least one implementation, the oral care composition may be free
or substantially free
of one or more surfactants capable of or configured to react with one or more
of cationic or
cationically charged ingredients/components of the oral care composition to
form insoluble salts.
For example, the oral care composition may be free or substantially free of
one or more
surfactants capable of or configured to react with one or more cationic or
cationically charged
amino acids, such as arginine. In another implementation, the oral care
composition may be free
or substantially free of one or more surfactants capable of or configured to
react with one or
more cations provided or released by one or more ingredients/components of the
oral care
composition. For example, the oral care composition may be free or
substantially free of one or
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more surfactants capable of or configured to react with one or more cations
provided by one or
more salts (e.g., inorganic salts) contained therein. For example, the oral
care composition may
be free or substantially free of one or more surfactants capable of or
configured to react with one
or more calcium ions provided by one or more abrasives of the oral care
composition, such as
calcium carbonate, or the like.
[0045] As discussed above, in at least one exemplary implementation, the oral
care composition
may be free or substantially free of sodium lauryl sulfate or similar anionic
surfactants. It should
be appreciated that sodium lauryl sulfate and/or anionic surfactants similar
thereto may at least
partially react with cationically charged species, such as partially
cationically charged arginine
and/or cations, such as calcium ions from calcium carbonate, to form inorganic
salts. It should
further be appreciated that the reaction of sodium lauryl sulfate and/or
anionic surfactants similar
thereto may reduce the availability and/or foaming capacity of the sodium
lauryl sulfate and/or
anionic surfactants similar thereto; and thus, reduce the foaming of the oral
care composition.
As such, in at least one exemplary implementation, the oral care composition
may be free or
substantially free of sodium lauryl sulfate or similar anionic surfactants.
[0046] The amount of any one or more of the surfactants or foaming agents
present in the oral
care composition or a component (e.g., hydrophilic or hydrophobic phases)
thereof may vary
widely. In at least one implementation, the amount of any one or more of the
surfactants or
foaming agents present in the oral care composition or the component thereof
may be greater
than 0.0 weight % or 0.1 weight % and less than or equal to 10.0 weight A),
based on a total
weight of the oral care composition or the component thereof For example, the
amount of any
one or more of the surfactants or foaming agents present in the oral care
composition or the
component thereof may be from about 0.5 weight %, about 1.0 weight %, about
1.5 weight %,
about 2.0 weight %, or about 2.5 weight % to about 3.0 weight %, about 3.5
weight %, about 4.0
weight %, about 4.5 weight A), about 5.0 weight %, or about 10 weight %,
based on a total
weight of the oral care composition or the component thereof. In another
example, the amount
of the surfactant present in the oral care composition or the component
thereof may be from
about 0.5 weight % to about 5.0 weight %, about 1.0 weight % to about 4.5
weight %, about 1.5
weight % to about 4.0 weight %, about 2.0 weight % to about 3.5 weight %, or
about 2.5 weight
% to about 3.0 weight %, based on a total weight of the oral care composition
or the component
thereof. In an exemplary implementation, the amount of any one or more of the
surfactants or
13
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foaming agents present in the oral care composition or the component thereof
may be from about
1 weight % to about 2 weight %, about 1.25 weight % to about 1.75 weight %, or
about 1.5
weight %, based on a total weight of the oral care composition.
Fluoride Ion Source
[0047] In at least one implementation, the oral care composition may be free
or substantially free
of fluoride (e.g., soluble fluoride salts). In another implementation, the
oral care composition
may include fluoride, such as one or more fluoride ion sources (e.g., soluble
fluoride salts). A
wide variety of fluoride ion-yielding materials may be employed as sources of
soluble fluoride.
Examples of suitable fluoride ion-yielding materials may be found in U.S. Pat.
No. 3,535,421
to Briner et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,885,155 to Parran, Jr. etal., and U.S. Pat.
No. 3,678,154 to Widder et al. Illustrative fluoride
ion sources include, but are
not limited to, fluoride, stannous fluoride, sodium fluoride, potassium
fluoride,
sodium monofluorophosphate, fluorosilicate salts, such as sodium
fluorosilicate and
ammonium fluorosilicate, amine fluoride, ammonium fluoride, and combinations
thereof. In a
typical implementation, the fluoride ion source includes sodium
monofluorophosphate. The
amount of the fluoride ion source in the oral care composition may be greater
than 0 weight %
and less than 0.8 wt%, less than 0.7 wt%, less than 0.6 wt%, less than 0.5
wt%, or less than 0.4
wt%. The fluoride ion sources may be present in an amount sufficient to
provide a total of about
100 to about 20,000 ppm, about 200 to about 5,000 ppm, or about 500 to about
2,500 ppm
fluoride ions.
Orally Acceptable Vehick Or Carrier
[0048] The oral care composition may form at least a portion of or be used in
one or more oral
care products. The oral care composition may include or be combined with an
orally acceptable
vehicle. For example, the oral care composition may include or be combined
with an orally
acceptable vehicle to form the oral care product. The orally acceptable
vehicle may include any
known ingredients or additives. The orally acceptable vehicle may include
various dentifrice
ingredients to adjust the rheology and feel of the oral care composition.
100491 In at least one implementation, the orally acceptable vehicle may
include one or more
humectants. Illustrative humectants may be or include, but are not limited to,
glycerin,
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propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and combinations thereof. In a
preferred implementation,
the orally acceptable vehicle may be or include, but is not limited to,
propylene glycol.
[00501 In at least one implementation, the orally acceptable vehicle may
include an orally
acceptable solvent. Illustrative solvents may include, but are not limited to,
one or more of
ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, butanol, water, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone,
ethyl acetate, butyl
acetate, cyclohexanone, cydohexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon
tetrachloride,
trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, methyl glycol acetate, toluene, benzene,
diethyl ether, and
benzyl alcohol. In a preferred implementation, the orally acceptable solvent
includes benzyl
alcohol.
[0051] The orally acceptable vehicle may be present in an amount of from 5
weight % to about
60 weight %, based on a total weight of the oral care composition. For
example, the orally
acceptable vehicle may be present in an amount of from about 5 weight %, about
10 weight %,
about 15 weight %, or about 20 weight % to about 25 weight %, about 30 weight
%, about 35
weight 10, about 40 weight %, about 45 weight %, about 50 weight %, about 55
weight A), or
about 60 weight %. In another example, the orally acceptable vehicle may be
present in an
amount of from about 5 weight % to about 60 weight %, about 10 weight % to
about 55 weight
%, about 15 weight % to about 50 weight /0, about 20 weight % to about 25
weight %, about 20
weight % to about 40 weight %, about 20 weight % to about 35 weight %, about
20 weight % to
about 30 weight %, or about 20 weight % to about 25 weight %. In an exemplary
implementation, the orally acceptable vehicle may be present in an amount of
about 20 weight %
to about 30 weight %, preferably about 20 weight % to about 25 weight %, and
more preferably
about 22 weight % to about 25 weight %. In a preferred implementation, the
orally acceptable
vehicle may be present in an amount of about 22 weight % to about 25 weight %
or about 23
weight %.
Thickening System and/or Viscosity Control Agents
[0052] The oral care product or the oral care composition thereof may include
a thickening
system having one or more thickeners. The one or more thickeners may be any
orally acceptable
thickener or thickening agent configured to control the viscosity of the oral
care product or the
oral care composition thereof. Illustrative thickeners may be or include, but
are not limited to,
colloidal silica, fumed silica, a cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PW)
polymer, cross-linked
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polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and the like, and mixtures or combinations
thereof. In at least one
implementation, the thickening system includes a cross-linked
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)
polymer. The thickening system may also include POLYPLASDONO XL 10F, which is
commercially available from Ashland Inc. of Covington, KY. Illustrative
thickeners may also be
or include, but are not limited to, carbomers (e.g., carboxyvinyl polymers),
carrageenans (e.g.,
Irish moss, carrageenan, iota-carrageenan, etc.), high molecular weight
polyethylene glycols
(e.g., CARBOWAXt, which is commercially available from The Dow Chemical
Company of
Midland, MI), cellulosic polymers, hydroxyethylcellulose,
carboxymethylcellulose, and salts
thereof (e.g., CMC sodium), natural gums (e.g., karaya, xanthan, gum arabic,
and tragacanth),
colloidal magnesium aluminum silicate, and the like, and mixtures or
combinations thereof.
100531 In a more typical implementation, the thickening system may include an
organic polymer,
which may also be configured as an adhesion enhancing agent. Illustrative
organic polymers
may be or include, but are not limited to, hydrophilic polymers, such as
carbomers, such as
carboxymethylene polymers, such as acrylic acid polymers, and acrylic acid
copolymers.
Carboxypolymethylene is a slightly acidic vinyl polymer with active carboxyl
groups. In a
typical embodiment, the thickening system includes a carboxypolymethylene,
such as
CARBOPOLf 974 and/or 980, which are commercially available from Noveon, Inc.
of
Cleveland, OH.
[00541 In at least one implementation, the thickening system may include a
single thickener. For
example, the thickening system may include the cross-linked
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)
polymer or an organic polymer (e.g., CARBOPOL . In another implementation, the
thickening
system may include a plurality of thickeners. For example, the thickening
system may include
the cross-linked PVP polymer and the organic polymer.
[0055] The amount or concentration of the thickening system and/or the
thickeners thereof
present in the oral care composition may vary widely. The amount of the
thickening system
and/or the thickeners thereof present in the oral care composition may from
about 1.0 weight %
to about 3.0 weight O based on the total weight of the oral care composition.
For example, the
amount of the thickening system and/or the thickeners thereof present in the
oral care
composition may be from about 1 weight %, about 1.1 weight %, about 1.2 weight
%, about 1.3
weight %, about 1.4 weight %, about 1.5 weight %, about 1.6 weight %, about
1.7 weight %,
about 1.8 weight %, about 1.9 weight %, about 2.0 weight %, or about 2.1
weight % to about 2.2
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weight %, about 2.3 weight %, about 2.4 weight %, about 2.5 weight %, about
2.6 weight %,
about 2.7 weight %, about 2.8 weight %, about 2.9 weight %, or about 3.0
weight %. In another
example, the amount of the thickening system and/or the thickeners thereof
present in the oral
care composition may from about 1.2 weight % to about 3.0 weight %, about 1.3
weight % to
about 2.9 weight c.!/0, about 1.4 weight % to about 2.8 weight %, about 1.5
weight % to about 2.7
weight %, about 1.6 weight % to about 2.6 weight %, about 1.7 weight % to
about 2.5 weight %,
about 1.8 weight % to about 2.4 weight %, about 1.9 weight % to about 2.3
weight %, or about
2.0 weight % to about 2.2 weight %. In a typical implementation, the amount of
the thickening
system and/or the thickeners thereof present in the oral care composition may
be from about 1.0
weight % to about 2.0 weight %, more typically about 1.2 weight % to about 1.8
weight %, and
more typically about 1.5 weight %.
pH Modifring Agents
[0056] The oral care product or the oral care composition or a component
thereof may include
one or more pH modifying agents. For example, the oral care composition may
include one or
more acidifying agents and/or one or more basifying agents configured to
reduce and/or increase
the pH thereof, respectively Illustrative acidifying agents and/or one or more
basifying agents
may be or include, but are not limited to, an alkali metal hydroxide, such as
sodium hydroxide
and/or potassium hydroxide, citric acid, hydrochloric acid, or the like, or
combinations thereof.
[00571 The oral care composition or a component thereof may also include one
or more
buffering agents configured to control or modulate the pH within a
predetermined or desired
range. Illustrative buffering agents may include, but are not limited to,
sodium bicarbonate,
sodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium citrate,
and mixtures
thereof. Sodium phosphate may include monosodium phosphate (Nal-12PO4),
disodium
phosphate (Na2F11)04), trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4), and mixtures thereof. In
a typical
implementation, the buffering agent may be anhydrous sodium phosphate dibasic
or disodium
phosphate and/or sodium phosphate monobasic. In another implementation, the
buffering agent
includes anhydrous sodium phosphate dibasic or disodium phosphate, and
phosphoric acid (e.g.,
syrupy phosphoric acid; 85%-Food Grade).
[0058] In at least one implementation, the acidifying, buffering, and/or
buffering agents may be
included in the oral care composition or a component thereof to provide a
generally neutral pH or
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an orally acceptable pH range. In another implementation, the acidifying,
buffering, and/or
buffering agents may be included in the oral care composition or a component
thereof (e.g.,
hydrophobic and/or hydrophilic phases) with a pH between 2 to 10, 2 to 8, 3 to
9, 4 to 8, 6 to 10,
or 7 to 9 Any additional orally acceptable pH modifying agent may be used,
including without
limitation carboxylic, phosphoric, and sulfonic acids, acid salts (e.g.,
monosodium citrate,
disodium citrate, monosodium malate, etc.), alkali metal hydroxides, such as
sodium hydroxide,
carbonates, such as sodium carbonate, bicarbonates, sesquicarbonates, borates,
silicates,
phosphates (e.g., monosodium phosphate, trisodium phosphate, pyrophosphate
salts, etc.),
imidazole and mixtures thereof The one or more pH modifying agents may be
optionally
present in an amount effective to maintain the oral care composition or a
component thereof in
an orally acceptable pH range.
Flavoring Agents
[0059] The oral care product and/or the oral care composition thereof may also
include one or
more flavoring agents. Illustrative flavoring agents may include, but are not
limited to, essential
oils and various flavoring aldehydes, esters, alcohols, and the like. The
flavoring agents may
also include, but are not limited to, sweeteners, sucralose, dextrose,
polydextrose, sucrose,
maltose, dextrin, dried invert sugar, mannose, xylose, ribose, fructose,
levulose, galactose, corn
syrup (including high fructose corn syrup and corn syrup solids), partially
hydrolyzed starch,
hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, maltitol,
isomalt, aspartame,
neotame, saccharin and salts thereof (e.g., sodium saccharin), dipeptide-based
intense
sweeteners, cyclamates, dihydrochalcones and mixtures thereof. Examples of the
essential oils
include oils of spearmint, peppermint, wintergreen, sassafras, clove, sage,
eucalyptus, marjoram,
cinnamon, lemon, lime, grapefruit, and orange. In another example, the
flavoring agents may
include menthol, carvone, and anethole. In a typical implementation, the
flavoring agent
includes peppermint and spearmint. In a more typical implementation, the
flavoring agent
includes a Firmenich Newman Flavor. The amount of the flavoring agent in the
oral care
product and/or the oral care composition thereof may be less than 1.0 wt%,
less than 0.9 wt%,
less than 0.8 wt%, or less than 0.7 wt%. For example, the amount of the
flavoring agent in the
oral care product and/or the oral care composition thereof may be about 0.0
wt% to about 1.0
wt%, about 0.5 wt% to about 0.9 wt%, about 0.7 wt% to about 0.8 wt%. In a
typical
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implementation, the amount of the flavoring agent in the oral care product
and/or the oral care
composition thereof is about 0.55 wt% to about 0.70 wt%.
Additional ingredients
100601 It should he appreciated to one having ordinary skill in the art, that
the oral care products
and/or the oral care composition thereof may include other additional
ingredients/components.
For example, the oral care products and/or the oral care composition thereof
may include anti-
caries agents, desensitizing agents, viscosity modifiers, diluents, pH
modifying agents,
humectants, mouth feel agents, sweetening agents, flavor agents, colorants,
preservatives, and
the like, and combinations and mixtures thereof. It should further be
appreciated by one having
ordinary skill in the art that while general attributes of each of the above
categories of materials
may differ, there may be some common attributes and any given material may
serve multiple
purposes within two or more of such categories of materials.
[0061] In at least one implementation, the additional ingredients/components
may include one or
more active materials configured to prevent and/or treat one or more
conditions and/or disorders
of the oral cavity. For example, the one or more active materials may be
configured to prevent
and/or treat one or more conditions and/or disorders of hard and/or soft
tissue of the oral cavity.
The active materials may also be configured to prevent and/or treat one or
more physiological
disorders and/or conditions, and/or provide a cosmetic benefit to the oral
cavity.
[0062] in at least one implementation, the oral care products or the oral care
composition thereof
may include an anticalculus agent. Illustrative anticalculus agents may
include, but are not
limited to, phosphates and polyphosphates (e.g., pyrophosphates),
polyaminopropanesulfonic
acid (AMPS), hexametaphosphate salts, zinc citrate trihydrate, polypeptides,
polyolefin
sulfonates, polyolefin phosphates, diphosphonates. In a typical
implementation, the anticalculus
agent includes tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), sodium tripolyphosphate
(STPP), or a
combination thereof.
[0063] The oral care products or the oral care composition thereof may include
an antioxidant.
Any orally acceptable antioxidant may be used, including, but not limited to,
butylated
hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), vitamin A, carotenoids,
vitamin E,
flavonoids, polyphenols, ascorbic acid, herbal antioxidants, chlorophyll,
melatonin, and the like,
and combinations and mixtures thereof.
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[0064] The oral care composition may include zinc. The zinc of the oral care
composition may
be or include a zinc ion and/or one or more zinc salts. For example, the zinc
salts may at least
partially dissociate in an aqueous solution to produce zinc ions. Illustrative
zinc salts may
include, but are not limited to, zinc lactate, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, zinc
phosphate, zinc citrate,
zinc acetate, zinc borate, zinc butyrate, zinc carbonate, zinc formate, zinc
gluconate, zinc
glycerate, zinc glycolate, zinc oxide, zinc phosphate, zinc picolinate, zinc
proprionate, zinc
salicylate, zinc silicate, zinc stearate, zinc tartrate, zinc undecylenate,
and mixtures thereof. In a
preferred embodiment, the zinc salt is zinc lactate.
[0065] The oral care composition may include one or more pigments, such as
whitening
pigments. In some implementations, the whitening pigments include particles
ranging in size
from about 0.1 tun to about 10 um with a refractive index greater than about
1.2. Suitable
whitening agents include, without limitation, titanium dioxide particles, zinc
oxide particles,
aluminum oxide particles, tin oxide particles, calcium oxide particles,
magnesium oxide
particles, barium oxide particles, silica particles, zirconium silicate
particles, mica particles, talc
particles, tetracalciurn phosphate particles, amorphous calcium phosphate
particles, alpha-
tricalcium phosphate particles, beta-tricalcium phosphate particles,
hydroxylapatite particles,
calcium carbonate particles, zinc phosphate particles, silicon dioxide
particles, zirconium silicate
particles and combinations thereof. The whitening pigment, such as titanium
dioxide particles,
may be in an amount that is sufficient to whiten the teeth.
METHODS
[0066] The present disclosure may provide methods for treating dentinal
hypersensitivity and/or
cleaning teeth in a human or animal subject with an oral care product and/or
the oral care
composition thereof. As used herein "animal subject" may include higher order
non-human
mammals such as canines, felines, and horses. The method may include
contacting the oral care
product and/or the oral care composition thereof with water. The method may
also include
contacting the surface of the teeth with the oral care product and/or the oral
care composition
thereof. Contacting the surface of the teeth with the oral care product and/or
the oral care
composition thereof may include disposing the oral care composition (e.g.,
toothpaste) on a
toothbrush and brushing the teeth with the toothbrush.
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[0067] The oral care product and/or the oral care composition thereof may be
applied and/or
contacted with the surfaces of the teeth at predetermined intervals. For
example, a daily basis, at
least once a day, twice a day, or more, for multiple days, or alternatively
every other day. In
another example, the oral care product and/or the whitening composition
thereof may be applied
and/or contacted with the surfaces of the teeth at least once a day, at least
once every two days, at
least once every three days, at least once every five days, at least once a
week, at least once every
two weeks, or at least once a month. The oral care product and/or the oral
care composition
thereof may be utilized for up to 2 weeks, up to 3 weeks, up to 4 weeks, up to
6 weeks, up to 8
weeks, or greater.
[0068] The present disclosure may also provide methods for preparing oral care
compositions
having increased foam generation as compared to conventional oral care
compositions. The
method may include combining or contacting an orally acceptable vehicle with
at least one N-
alkyl-N-acylglucamine and optionally at least one additional surfactant or
foaming agent. The
method may further include combining the orally acceptable vehicle and the at
least one N-alkyl-
N- acylglucamines with one or more amino acids and one or more abrasives. For
example, the
method may include combining the orally acceptable vehicle and the at least
one N-alkyl-N-
acylglucamines with arginine or a source of arginine and calcium carbonate.
[0069] All ingredients for use in the compositions described herein should be
orally acceptable.
As used herein, "orally acceptable" may refer any ingredient that is present
in a composition as
described in an amount and form that does not render the composition unsafe
for use in the oral
cavity.
EXAMPLES
[0070] The examples and other implementations described herein are exemplary
and not
intended to be limiting in describing the full scope of compositions and
methods of this
disclosure. Equivalent changes, modifications and variations of specific
implementations,
materials, compositions and methods may be made within the scope of the
present disclosure,
with substantially similar results.
[0071] Example 1
[0072] The efficacy of varying oral care compositions for producing foam was
evaluated.
Particularly, a control toothpaste composition (C) and six exemplary or test
toothpaste
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compositions (1)-(6) were prepared by combining the ingredients/components of
a base
toothpaste composition indicated in Table 1, with the respective surfactant(s)
indicated in Table
2. The components were mixed for about 10 minutes under mechanical stirring to
prepare each
of the toothpaste compositions (C) and (1)-(6).
Table 1
Base Toothpaste Composition
INGREDIENT/COMPONENT Concentration (Weight %)
Sorbitol ¨ non-crystal ¨ 70% solution 23.0%
EP Purified water 10.0%
Benzvl Alcohol 0.7%
Arginine Bicarbonate solution 40.8% 19.6%
Sodium Monofluorophosphate 1.1%
Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.5%
Sodium Bicarbonate 0.5%
Precipitated calcium carbonate-- Medium Absorption 10.0%
Precipitated calcium carbonate ¨ High Absorption 25.0%
Zinc Oxide (ZnO) 1 0%
Zinc Citrate 0.5%
Titanium Dioxide (h02) 0.5%
Excipients Balance
Table 2
Surfactant(s) Added to Base Toothpaste Composition to Prepare Control
Toothpaste
Composition (C) and Exemplary Toothpaste Compositions (1)-(6)
SURFACTANTS (C) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
29% Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
(SLS) (g)
30% Cocamidopropyl Betaine
-- 3.4 3.5
(CAPB) (g)
Taurate
-- 1.0
(8)
Glucamide-8
, 1.5 -- 0.5 -- 0.5 --
(8)
GI ucami de-12
15 -- 05 -- 0.5
(14)
[00731 To evaluate the efficacy for producing foam, a Kaiss Dynamic Foam
Analyzer
(DFA100), commercially available from Kruss GmbH of Hamburg, Germany, was
utilized. The
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Krtiss Dynamic Foam Analyzer was adjusted according to the parameters/testing
conditions
indicated in Table 3.
Table 3
Parameters of Kriiss Dynamic Foam Analyzer
PARAMETER TESTING CONDITION
Sample Concentration 30%
=
Stirring Speed 5,000 RPM
Oscillation Intervals 6 sec
Foam Time 60 sec
=
Delay Time 450 sec
[0074.1 The results of the foam generation are summarized in Table 4.
Table 4
Summary of Foam Generation in Control Toothpaste Composition (C) and Exemplary
Toothpaste Compositions (l)-(6)
Active Total Conc. of Total Conc. of Maximum
Sample Foaming Foaming Agent Active Foaming Foam
Volume
Agent (wt%) agent (wt%) (mL)
(C) SLS 1.5% 1.5% 86.1
(1) Glucamide-8 1.5% 0.8%
122.1
(2) Glucamide-12 1.5% 1.0%
100.0
Taurate
1.5% 1.3% 123.1
Glucamide-8
Taurate +
1.5% 1.3$10 128.7
(4) Glucamide-12
CAPB +
(5) 1.5% 1.3% 131.9
Glucamide-8
CAPB
1.5% 1.3% 128.2
(6) Glucamide-12
100751 As indicated in Table 4, all of the toothpaste compositions (1)-(6)
including Glucamide-8
or Glucamide-12 exhibited relatively greater foam generation as compared to
the control
toothpaste composition (C). This discovery is both surprising and unexpected,
as all of the
toothpaste compositions (1)-(6) included relatively lower active foaming
agents (i.e., Glucamide-
8 or Glucamide-12) as compared to the control toothpaste composition (C). It
was further
observed that foam generated or produced in the toothpaste compositions (1)-
(6) including the
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Glucamide-8 or Glucamide-12 were relatively denser, richer, or creamier when
compare to the
control toothpaste composition (C).
[00761 The present disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary
implementations.
Although a limited number of implementations have been shown and described, it
will be
appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these
implementations
without departing from the principles and spirit of the preceding detailed
description. It is
intended that the present disclosure be construed as including all such
modifications and
alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or
the equivalents
thereof.
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