Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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[0001] TICK TRAP AND METHOD OF TRAPPING TICKS
[0002] Field of the Invention.
[0003] The invention relates to a tick trap and a method of trapping ticks.
[0004] Background of the Invention.
[0005] Lyme disease is carried by ticks. Lyme disease can cause death in pets,
especially dogs. Lyme disease can cause severe problems in humans. It is
estimated that about 300,000 people a year in the U.S. and 65,000 people a
year
in Europe become infected with Lyme disease.
[0006] Ticks are also carriers of diseases such as Rocky Mountain Spotted
fever,
anaplasmosis, Q fever, hemorrhagic fever, Powassan virus, and encephalitis.
[0007] One attempted solution is to spray various poisons to kill the ticks.
Spraying poisons, however, has an adverse effect on the environment and is
potentially dangerous to humans, mammals and beneficial insects such a bees.
[0008] U.S. Patent No. 5,189,830 discloses a tick trap having a raised base
having inclined walls at each end, an upper portion having sticky tick
trapping
surface and an upwardly extending box-like portion having a plurality of holes
around the lower surface thereof, a rectangular rain guard extending outwardly
from the box at a spaced distance from the surface of the base and a hinged
lid
over the open end of the box. The box includes a carbon dioxide canister which
is
periodically activated by batteries to emit carbon dioxide from the portholes
about
the box to attract ticks onto the sticky surface (glue) where they are
destroyed.
This product and method are not efficient and simply are not effective.
[0009] My published U.S. Patent Publication No. 2018/0242567, published 30
August 2018, and 2018/0242568, published 30 August 2018, and international
application No. WO/2018/156260, published 30 August 2018, the complete
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disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference, all disclose plant
based tick attractants.
[0010] Summary of the Invention.
[0011] An objective of the invention is to provide a safe and efficient tick
trap and
method of trapping ticks, without the use of hazardous pesticides.
[0012] Another objective of the invention is method of providing a tick
reduced
safe area where pets and humans can enjoy the outdoors with reduced fear of
being bitten by a tick.
[0013] In my previous application I disclosed numerous plant based tick
attractants. Included were extracts from the plants, i.e. essential oils.
Essential
oils are known to include numerous compounds. In this application, I have
tested
further examples of the plant based tick attractants formed from a part of
plant,
including specific extracts from the plants.
[0014] The above objectives and other objectives can be obtained by a tick
trap
comprising:
a tick capture structure that traps ticks; and
a tick attractant that attracts ticks to the tick capture structure comprising
at least one compound selected from the group of a-pinene, cam phene, b-
pinene, myrcene, limonene, cis-ocimene, camphor, linalool, methyl chavicol, y-
terpineol, citronellol, methyl cinnamate, estragole; a-cedrene, a-barbatene, b-
cedrene, terpinen-4-ol, thujopsene, widdrol, cuparene, menthol, menthone,
menthyl acetate, 1,8-cineole, b-pinene, b-caryphyllene, menthofuran,
Eucalyptol,
Fenchone, Fenchyl acetate, 8-Linalool, inaooL a-Bergamotene, Caryophyllene,
y-muurolene, sulfone-methyl styryl, Bergamotene, camphor, limonene, 8-
selinene, geranyl acetate, germacrene D, Isocaryophyllene, 4-Carvomenthol, 8-
Farnesene, a-Caryphyllene, estragole, 8-Cubebene, a-Bulnesene, y-Cadinene,
trans-Geraniol, Methyl eugenol, eugenol, O-Cadinene, 8-elemene, elemene,
farnesene, guaiene, epi-bicyclo sesquiphellandrene, pulegone, nerol, E-
muurolene, a-pinene, camphene, b-pinene, myrcene, limonene, cis-ocimene,
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camphor, methyl chavicol, y-terpineol, citronellol, geraniol, methyl
cinnamate, tau-
cadinol, methyl chavicol, ta-cineole, methone, isoneomenthol, menthol,
pulegone, Linolol, Eucalyptol, Eugenol, and Geraniol. .
[0015] The above objects and other objects can also be obtained by tick trap
comprising:
a housing having an opening for ticks to enter;
a glue within the housing, the glue is constructed to trap ticks touching the
glue trap by sticking to the ticks; and
a tick attractant that attracts ticks to the tick capture structure comprising
at least one compound selected from the group of a-pinene, cam phene, b-
pinene, myrcene, limonene, cis-ocimene, camphor, linalool, methyl chavicol, y-
terpineol, citronellol, methyl cinnamate, estragole, a-cedrene, a-barbatene, b-
cedrene, terpinen-4-ol, thujopsene, widdrol, cuparene, menthol, menthone,
menthyl acetate, 1,8-cineole, b-pinene, b-caryphyllene, menthofuran,
Eucalyptol,
Fenchone, Fenchyl acetate, [3-Linalool, linalool, a-Bergamotene,
Caryophyllene,
y-muurolene, sulfone-methyl styryl, Bergamotene, camphor, limonene, 13-
selinene, geranyl acetate, germacrene D, lsocaryophyllene, 4-Carvomenthol, 13-
Farnesene, a-Caryphyllene, estragole, 8-Cubebene, a-Bulnesene, y-Cadinene,
trans-Geraniol, Methyl eugenol, eugenol, O-Cadinene, 8-elemene, elemene,
farnesene, guaiene, epi-bicyclo sesquiphellandrene, pulegone, nerol, E-
muurolene, a-pinene, camphene, b-pinene, myrcene, limonene, cis-ocimene,
camphor, methyl chavicol, y-terpineol, citronellol, geraniol, methyl
cinnamate, tau-
cadinol, methyl chavicol, methone, isoneomenthol, menthol,
pulegone, Linolol, Eucalyptol, Eugenol, and Geraniol.
[0016] The above objects and other objects can also be obtained by a tick trap
comprising:
a support;
a glue on the support, the glue is constructed to trap ticks touching the
glue trap by sticking to the ticks; and
a tick attractant that attracts ticks to the tick capture structure comprising
at least one compound selected from the group of a-pinene, cam phene, b-
pinene, myrcene, limonene, cis-ocimene, camphor, linalool, methyl chavicol, y-
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terpineol, citronellol, methyl cinnamate, estragole, a-cedrene, a-barbatene, b-
cedrene, terpinen-4-ol, thujopsene, widdrol, cuparene, menthol, menthone,
menthyl acetate, 1,8-cineole, b-pinene, b-caryphyllene, menthofuran,
Eucalyptol,
Fenchone, Fenchyl acetate, p-Linalool, linalool, a-Bergamotene, Caryophyllene,
y-muurolene, sulfone-methyl styryl, Bergamotene, camphor, limonene,
selinene, geranyl acetate, germacrene D, lsocaryophyllene, 4-Carvomenthol,
Farnesene, a-Caryphyllene, estragole, p-Cubebene, a-Bulnesene, y-Cadinene,
trans-Geraniol, Methyl eugenol, eugenol, O-Cadinene, p-elemene, elemene,
farnesene, guaiene, epi-bicyclo sesquiphellandrene, pulegone, nerol, E-
muurolene, a-oinene, camohene, b-pinene, myrcene, limonene, cis-ocimene,
camphor, methyl chavicol, y-terpineol, citronellol, geraniol, methyl
cinnamate, tau-
cadinol, methyl chavicol, I 8cneoe, methone, isoneomenthol, menthol,
pulegone, Linolol, Eucalyptol, Eugenol, and Geraniol. The support can be in
any
desired form, such as the housing or in a flat open form.
[0017] The above objects and other objects can be obtained by a method of
using
the tick trap to attract and trap ticks, and to provide a tick reduced safe
area
surrounded by operating tick traps.
[0018] Brief Description of the Drawings.
[0019] Fig. 1 illustrates a side view of a tick trap.
[0020] Fig. 2 illustrates a top view of glue trap.
[0021] Fig. 3 Illustrates a side view of a tick trap.
[0022] Fig. 4 illustrates a side view of a tick trap.
[0023] Fig. 5 illustrates an opening into a tick trap.
[0024] Fig. 6 illustrates an opening into a tick trap.
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[0025] Fig. 7 illustrates a tick trapping chamber connected to a tick capture
structure comprising a second chamber.
[0026] Fig. 8 illustrates an opening into a tick trap.
[0027] Fig. 9 illustrates an opening into a tick trap.
[0028] Fig. 10 illustrates an opening to a tick trap.
[0029] Fig. 11 illustrates openings on a side of a tick trap.
[0030] Fig. 12 illustrates an area protected by tick traps.
[0031] Fig. 13 illustrates a foldable tick trap.
[0032] Fig. 14 illustrates an attractant.
[0033] Fig. 15 illustrates a foldable tick trap.
[0034] Fig. 16 illustrates a folded tick trap.
[0035] Fig. 17 illustrates a folded tick trap.
[0036] The invention will be explained with reference to the attached non-
limiting
Figs 1-17.
[0037] As shown in Fig. 1, the tick trap 1 comprises a tick trapping chamber
16
defined by a walled structure (also referred to as a housing or enclosure) 12,
14
having an opening 18, and a tick capture structure 19. The tick trapping 16 is
defined by a walled structure 12, 14. The tick trapping chamber 16 comprises
an
opening 18 that allows ticks to enter the tick trapping chamber 16. The tick
trapping chamber 16 is in communication with a tick capture structure 19. The
tick capture structure 19 captures ticks that enter or come near the tick
trapping
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chamber 16. The tick capture structure 19 can be contained within the tick
trapping chamber 16 or be near the tick trapping chamber 16.
[0038] The tick trapping chamber 16 can have any desired shape. Examples of
shapes include square, rectangular, triangular, circular, cone, or any other
desired shape. The tick capture structure 19 can be any suitable structure for
capturing ticks. Examples of suitable tick capture structures 19 include a
sticky
surface 20 (glue) or a container (second chamber) 30. The sticky surface can
be
formed from any suitable sticky material, such as those used in fly traps and
glue
traps.
[0039] The tick capture structure 19 can be a sticky surface 20 (glue) within
the
tick trapping chamber 16 as shown in Fig. 1. As shown in Figs. 2-4, the tick
trapping chamber 16 be sized to contain a commercially sold glue trap 22 as
the
tick capture structure 19 so that the user can easily purchase and change the
glue trap 22 as desired. Glue traps 22 are commercially sold at stores such as
Walmart, Home Depot, Lowes, and other stores. Examples of glue traps 22
include Harris, Dead End, Real Kill, Catchmaster, RatGuard, MouseGuard, and
similar brands. Examples of glue traps 22 can be from 2-4 inches wide to 4-8
inches long. However, any size glue trap 22 can be used that fits within the
tick
trapping chamber 16. The tick trapping chamber 16 can be sized to fit any
desired glue trap 22. Glue traps 22 for animals can be used to trap the ticks.
A
glue board refill, such as Zap n trap, which is 18 inches by 10 inches can be
cut
to a desired size and utilized as the glue trap 22. The glue traps can be
replaceable. The glue trap 22 can be used alone with the attractant 24 applied
thereon to trap ticks.
[0040] The tick capture structure 19 can be a container as shown in Fig. 7
from
which the ticks have difficulty escaping. Fig. 7 illustrates a second chamber
30
defined by a second walled structure 34. The second walled structure 34 can be
a net, bag, jar, or other suitable container for capturing ticks. A sliding
surface 32
is constructed so that when ticks contact the sliding surface 32 the ticks
slide into
the second chamber 30. The sliding surface 32 and walled structure 34 are
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constructed so that it is more difficult for the ticks to exit the chamber 30
than for
the ticks to enter the chamber 30.
[0041] The opening 18 can be numerous small openings, Figs. 8, 12, a large
opening covered by a screen Figs. 5, 6, 9, a slot Fig. 10, or any desired
opening
sized to allow ticks to enter but not mammals, and reptiles to prevent them
from
being undesirably trapped. The opening 18 can be formed by a removable cover
13 that can be removed by a user to access the chamber 16. Thus, the cover 13
can be a screen as shown in Fig. 9, the cover 13 can have holes as shown in
Fig.
8, or the cover 13 can have a slot as shown in Fig. 10. Any desired opening
shape can be utilized.
[0042] The tick traps 1 can be utilized inside dwellings, buildings and any
other
desired place since the traps 1 can be non-toxic to humans and pets. Thus,
tick
traps 1 can be placed near doorways to protect dwellings from ticks. For
example, a trick trap 1 can be placed in a closet where cloths are kept so
that
ticks brought in on the cloths can be trapped instead of feeding on mammals
inside the dwelling. Preferably, the traps are free of ingredients that are
toxic,
poisonous, or harmful to humans or pets.
[0043] When placing the traps 1 outside, preferably the chamber 16 is
positioned
so that ticks can walk from the ground or grass directly into the chamber 16.
Grass can placed at or in the entrance of the chamber 16.
[0044] Multiple the tick traps 1 can be placed around a desired area to
provide a
tick reduced area 50. For example, to protect an area, the tick traps 1 can be
placed around the perimeter, such as from 10 to 75 feet apart. The tick traps
1
can be set in any room of a home, for example in where cloths are stored to
attract and trap ticks that drop from cloths worn outside.
[0045] A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is the use of a
plant
based tick attractant 24 in combination with a glue on a support 14. The term
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support includes any material to which the glue can be applied, including the
housings, glue traps, and foldable traps described herein.
[0046] The tick attractant 24 is preferably a natural plant scent, such as a
tree
scent or bush scent. The tree scent can be formed from an evergreen tree or
deciduous tree as desired. Preferred tree scents are cedar and apple.
Preferred
bush scents are basil and peppermint, with basil being most preferred. The
plant
scent can be formed by grinding parts of the plant and using the ground up
parts
as an attractant in the glue and/or near the glue. The plant sent can also be
formed by soaking a part of the plant, such as the leaves, bark and/or wood,
in a
solvent, such as water, to extract the plant scent from the plant parts. Any
suitable solvent for dissolving or dispersing the plant scent from the plant
can be
utilized, such as hydrocarbons, alcohols, water, alkoxides, etc. The plant
scent
can be formed from one or more plants that grow in the area where the traps
will
be placed. Cedar and basil have been used to repel insects. Surprisingly, we
have found that cedar and basil are effective attractant for ticks.
Furthermore,
essential oils of the plant can also be utilized as the plant based scent.
Essential
oils contain numerous compounds. We tested compounds found in essential oils
and found them to be effective tick attractants. The term plant based tick
attractant includes any compound found in a plant. The compound can be
sourced from the plant, or sourced or formed by any other method, such as from
insects, formed by microbes or formed by chemical synthesis.
[0047] Preferably the attractant 24 is a plant based scent formed from a
commonly consumed food commodity, such as a food based plant (edible plant).
Non-limiting examples of such a food based plant scent are basil and apple,
which are commonly consumed food commodities. The U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency exempts food based plants from regulation in insect traps.
Thus, preferably, the plant based scent is a food based scent that the FDA
exempts from the FIFRA Registration. For example, preferred plant based scents
for use as the attractant 24 meet the requirements under 40 C.F.R. Section
180.950 so that the plant based scents are exempted from the requirement of a
tolerance under FFDCA section 408. Preferably, the entire trap is exempted
from
the requirement of a tolerance under FFDCA section 408. The plant based tick
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attractant compound is preferably sourced from a plant, but can be sourced or
formed by other means.
[0048] Preferably, the traps 1 having attractants 24 and glue 20 are free of
ingredients that are toxic, poisonous, or harmful to humans or mammals, such
as
dogs, rabbits, hamsters, and cats. The glue 20 is preferably inert, non-
irritating
and non-harmful (non-hazardous) to humans and mammals. The traps 1 having
attractants 24 and glue 20 can be made environmentally friendly and/or
biodegradable, so the entire trap 1 can be thrown away. Preferably, the trap 1
is
free of materials that are not biodegradable or are harmful to the
environment.
[0049] Glues 20 that are non-toxic, non-harmful, and non-irritating to humans
and
mammals are now well-known. Any commercially available glue that is non-toxic,
non-harmful and non-irritating to humans and mammals can be utilized in the
present invention. Examples of such glues 20 are commercially available from
Catchmaster, Tomcat, D-CON, and Scotts.
[0050] The housing 12, 14 of the tick trap 1 is preferably formed from a
biodegradable material. Even more preferable, the material is water-resistant.
Suitable materials are now well-known. For example, biodegradable, water-
resistant packaging materials can be utilized, such as those commercially sold
by
vvww.becreenpackaqincistore.corn, www.packagingzone.net,
www.polymatettd.com, www,nanotechindustries.com, etc. In this regard, the trap
preferable is formed from a cellulosic material, such as paper, that can have
a
water repellant coating thereon. For example, a GreenCoat (Nanotech Industries
Inc.) can be used to provide good water resistance to cellulosematerial,
Microorganisms can decompose these materials and then the material can be
converted into carbon dioxide, water and biomass while composting in wet soil.
[0051] The biodegradable trap 1 can be simply thrown away with the trapped
ticks contained therein without harming the environment. If the trap 1 will be
used outside, the material selected is preferably water resistant so that the
trap
will resist degradation for at least a week, and preferable up to month when
exposed to moisture or rain. If the trap 1 is mistakenly left in the
environment, the
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trap can decompose. In this manner, the trap can be utilized in the
environment
for a week without degrading and then simply discarded with the trapped ticks
contained therein or allowed to decompose in place.
[0052] Figs. 13-17 illustrate an example of a preferred foldable, throw away
trap 1
according to the present invention. The foldable trap comprises a support 2
having the glue 20 applied to the support 2. Figs 13, 14 show the trap 1 in an
open, unfolded position 10. The tick attractant 24 can be applied to the glue
20
or to the support 2 by the user. The trap 1 can be used to trap ticks in the
open,
unfolded position 10. The support 2 can comprise a tab 4 and slot 6 sized to
receive the tab 6. When the support is folded to form an enclosure 12, as
shown
in Figs. 16 and 17, the tab 4 is inserted into the slot 6 to form a chamber 16
and
opening 64. The foldable trap 1 functions similar to commercially available
foldable glue boards, such as those from Catchmaster, d-CON, or Tomcat, that
can be folded to provide a housing. The conventional foldable traps can be
utilized by modifying them to include the present tick attractant 24 and
optionally
by replacing the support 2 material with a biodegradable, moisture resistant
material. Preferably, the packaging material holding multiple or single traps
and
the tick attractant 24 is also formed from a biodegradable material. The tick
attractant 24 can be provided in a separate container 26 if desired. The user
can
remove the tick attractant 24 from the container 26 and place the tick
attractant
24 on the glue 20 or support 2 and use the trap in open form 10, Fig. 15 or
the
support 1 can be folded to provide an enclosure 12, as shown in Figs. 16 and
17.
The open form can be used under a bed or in a closet and the enclosed, folded-
form can be used outside or where humans or mammals may be exposed to the
trap. Preferably, the tick attractant 24 is the plant based attractant
described
herein. The attractant 24 can be an absorbent material having the tick
attractant
absorbed therein. Absorbent materials are well known and any suitable
absorbent material can be utilized.
[0053] The biodegradable tick trap has many advantages over conventional
traps.
For example, the traps can be folded to form a protective enclosure, the plant
based attractant installed in the enclosure, and then placed in the
environment
and left there. After trapping ticks and being exposed to the environment,
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as moisture, the trap will eventually break down to create soil and the ticks
will
die after being trapped in the glue. Therefore, the traps do not even have to
be
removed. A large area can inexpensively be covered with no harm to the
environment.
[0054] Any of the traps 1 described herein, and especially the biodegradable
traps, can be colored to blend into the environment they will be placed, such
as
green for foliage, brown for dirt, or any form of camouflage so that the traps
are
not unsightly.
[0055] Examples:
[0056] We tested food based basil formulations made from a laboratory that
makes car fresheners. The following compounds are extracts from basil. The
traps 1 contained a combination of the following four compounds:
1) 3,7-Dimethylocta-1,6-Dien-3-0L CAS 78-70-6 Linalool, found in
essential of Basil and other plants,
2) 4,7,7-Trimethy1-8-oxabicyclo[2.2.2] Octane CAS 470-82-6 Eucalyptol, is a
main component of the essential oil of Basil and other plants. Usually
obtained
by fractional distillation of eucalyptus oil.
3) 2-Metoxy-4-Prop-2-Enylo Phenol CAS 97-53-0 Eugenol, is part of the
essential oil of Basil, and other plants.
4) (2E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-Dien-1-0L CAS 106-24-1 Geraniol, is a main
component of rose oil, palmarosa oil, and citronella oil, but also is present
in
small amount in many essential oils.
[0057] The testing area was in a mostly wooded area with some brush cover in
Sauquoit, NY. The scents were applied to glue traps and set out in the field:
29 June 2018 until 5 July 2018, in one trap, 7 young tick nymphs were trapped
in
the glue.
29 June 2018 until 5 July 2018, in three traps 4 young tick nymphs were
trapped in the glue.
July 2018 until 10 July 2018, 3 traps, 4 young tick nymphs was trapped
in the glue.
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July 2018 until 10 July 2018, 3 traps, 1 young tick nymph was trapped in
the glue.
[0058] Further testing was conducted in the spring of 2019. Young ticks,
nymphs,
were trapped in the glue using each of the following scents separately and in
combinations: 3,7-Dimethylocta-1,6-Dien-3-0L CAS 78-70-6 Linalool; 4,7,7-
Trimethy1-8-oxabicyclo[2.2.2] Octane CAS 470-82-6 Eucalyptol; 2-Metoxy-4-
Prop-2-Enylo Phenol CAS 97-53-0 Eugenol; and/or (2E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-
Dien-1-0L CAS 106-24-1 Geraniol. In the testing, a drop of the tick attractant
was applied to an absorbent paper, which was then applied to the glue trap.
[0059] The test results demonstrate that ticks are attracted to extracts and
combinations of extracts from plants. In my previous patent applications,
incorporated herein by reference, I have demonstrated that ticks are attracted
to
the plants and essential oils of basil, peppermint, cedar, apple and crab
apple.
Essential oils are extracts from the plant. Without being bound by any theory,
I
believe that the ticks are attracted to certain extracts and combinations of
extracts found in the plants, which was confirmed by the test results provided
herein. The novel tick attractants can be used in place of and in the same
manner as other types of insect attractants, however, now for the first time
ticks
can be attracted and captured.
[0060] Basil essential oil has various chemical compounds, examples of which
include Eucalyptol, Fenchone, Fenchyl acetate, p-Linalool, linalool, a-
Bergamotene, Caryophyllene, y-muurolene, sulfone-methyl styryl, Bergamotene,
camphor, limonene, p-selinene, geranyl acetate, germacrene D,
Isocaryophyllene, 4-Carvomenthol, p-Farnesene, a-Caryphyllene, estragole,
Cubebene, a-Bulnesene, y-Cadinene, trans-Geraniol, Methyl eugenol, eugenol,
O-Cadinene, p-elemene, elemene, farnesene, guaiene, epi-bicyclo
sesquiphellandrene, pulegone, nerol, E-muurolene, a-pinene, camphene, b-
pinene, myrcene, limonene, cis-ocimene, camphor, methyl chavicol, y-terpineol,
citronelloi, geranial, methyl cinnamate, tau-cadinol, methyl chavicol, 1,8-
cineole,
methone, isoneomenthol, menthol, and pulegone. Each of these compounds,
and others, can be separate extracts from the basil.
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[0061] Cedar oil has various chemical compounds, examples of which include a-
cedrene, a-barbatene, b-cedrene, terpinen-4-ol, thujopsene, widdrol, and
cuparene. Each of these compounds, and others, can be separate extracts from
the cedar.
[0062] Peppermint oil has various chemical compounds, examples of which
include menthol, menthone, menthyl acetate, 1,8-cineole, limonene, b-pinene, b-
caryphyllene, menthofuran, and pulegone. Each of these compounds, and
others, can be separate extracts from the peppermint.
[0063] Preferably the scent used in the tick trap comprise at least one
extract
from a plant. If desired, the compound(s) in the extract can be synthesized
instead of extracted from a plant.
[0064] The present invention provides many advantages over previously tried
tick
traps. I could not locate any tick traps in the major stores, including
Walmart,
Lowe's and Home Depot. Tick borne diseases are a major problem. The present
invention solves this problem by using novel methods and devices. The plant
based scent in combination with a glue trap provides an environmentally and
animal friendly solution to the tick problem.
[0065] While particular embodiments of the present invention have been
illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art
that
various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the
spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the
appended
claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this
invention.
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