Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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A METHOD, SYSTEM AND PORTABLE DEVICE FOR ENABLING REPORTING OF
USER LOCATIONS
FIELD
The invention relates to a method, system and portable device for enabling
reporting of user locations, and is of particular but by no means exclusive
application in
enabling reporting of locations of health or aged care personnel in indoor
environments.
BACKGROUND
In health and aged care environments, there are sometimes situations in which
personnel (for example, professionals such as nurses and doctors) are in
duress or
difficulty. Thus, it is not uncommon for health or aged care personnel to
carry some form
of device that can be used to alert others when faced with such situations.
For example,
a health or aged care professional such as a nurse may carry a Bluetooth tag
that can be
used to alert others in a known alert system. In another system for alerting
others used in
health or aged care, RFID tags may be carried in place of Bluetooth tags. In
yet another
example, hand-held devices such as mobile radio devices and smartphones may be
used
by personnel (for example, by push of a designated button) in order to alert
other users
(for example, by communicating with access points such as Wi-Fi access points
(WAPs)).
When such devices (that is, Bluetooth tags, RFID tags and hand-held devices
such as smartphones) are used to alert others, it is advantageous if the
system can as
accurately as possible pinpoint the location of any health or aged care
professional that is
in duress or difficulty. In this respect, indoor environments such as
hospitals or aged care
facilities can be particularly challenging because the facilities typically
include a large
number of separate rooms across multiple levels of different buildings.
There is a need for an alternative or improved system for enabling reporting
of
user locations in such health or aged care settings.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The invention provides a system for enabling reporting of user locations,
cornprising:
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a plurality of Bluetooth beacons each of which is configured to broadcast a
Bluetooth signal on a Bluetooth communication channel at a respective one of a
plurality
of Bluetooth beacon locations; and
a portable device for use by a user,
wherein the portable device comprises memory, and is configured to:
receive through a wireless data communication channel Bluetooth beacon
location data corresponding to the Bluetooth beacon locations;
store the received Bluetooth beacon location data in the memory;
monitor the Bluetooth communication channel in order to detect for the
Bluetooth signal broadcasted by one of the plurality of Bluetooth beacons;
upon detecting the broadcasted Bluetooth signal, determine whether or not
there is a change in a location of the portable device by comparing the
detected Bluetooth
signal against the Bluetooth beacon location data stored in the memory;
in response to determining that there is a change in the location of the
portable device, transmit via the wireless data communication channel to an
external
computing device (such as a server) portable device location data
corresponding to the
location of the portable device in order to thereby report a location of the
user.
In an embodiment, the portable device is configured to monitor the Bluetooth
communication channel while communicating data on the data communication
channel.
In an embodiment, the portable device is configured to:
upon detecting a plurality of broadcasted Bluetooth signals, determine a
strongest
one of the plurality of broadcasted Bluetooth signals; and
compare the strongest detected Bluetooth signal against the Bluetooth beacon
location data stored in the memory of the portable device, in order to
determine whether
or not there is a change in the location of the portable device.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises a plurality of wireless data
access
points for enabling the portable device to communicate data via the wireless
data
communication channel at respective wireless data transceiver locations.
In an embodiment, each Bluetooth beacon is in data communication with at least
one of the wireless data access points in order to enable calibration of the
Bluetooth
beacon location data.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises the external computing device
(such as the server).
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In an embodiment, the external computing device (such as the server) is
configured to receive Bluetooth beacon location data corresponding to the
Bluetooth
beacon locations, and to store the received Bluetooth beacon location data in
a database.
In an embodiment, the portable device receives the Bluetooth beacon location
data by receiving from the external computing device (such as the server) the
Bluetooth
beacon location data stored in the database.
In an embodiment, the portable device is configured to make a request for the
Bluetooth beacon location data.
In an embodiment, the portable device makes a request for the Bluetooth beacon
location data periodically.
In an embodiment, the external computing device (such as the server) is
configured to transmit updated data in respect of the Bluetooth beacon
location data, in
response to determining that there is an update of the Bluetooth beacon
location data
stored in the database.
In an embodiment, the updated data is updated version of Bluetooth beacon
located data.
The invention also provides a method of enabling reporting of user locations
by a
system comprising a portable device and a plurality of Bluetooth beacons
located at
respective locations, comprising:
transmitting through a data communication channel to the portable device
Bluetooth beacon location data corresponding to the respective locations of
the plurality of
Bluetooth beacons;
storing the Bluetooth beacon location data in a memory of the portable device;
controlling each one of the plurality of Bluetooth beacons to broadcast a
Bluetooth
signal on a Bluetooth communication channel;
controlling the portable device to monitor the Bluetooth communication channel
in
order to detect for the Bluetooth signal broadcasted by one of the plurality
of Bluetooth
beacons;
upon detecting the broadcasted Bluetooth signal, determining by the portable
device whether or not there is a change in a location of the portable device
by comparing
the detected Bluetooth signal against the stored Bluetooth beacon location
data;
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in response to determining that there is a change in the location of the
portable
device, transmitting from the portable device via the data communication
channel to an
external computing device (such as a server) portable device location data
corresponding
to the location of the portable device in order to thereby report a location
of the user.
The invention also provides a portable device for reporting user locations,
cornprising:
a Bluetooth signal detector;
a wireless data communication transceiver;
a memory storing program code; and
a processor configured to execute the program code in order to implement at
least:
a Bluetooth beacon location data receiver configured to control the wireless
data communication transceiver to receive through a wireless data
communication
channel Bluetooth beacon location data corresponding to respective locations
of a
plurality of Bluetooth beacons, and to store the Bluetooth beacon location
data in the
memory;
a Bluetooth beacon detector configured to control the Bluetooth signal
detector to monitor a Bluetooth communication channel in order to detect for
detect the
Bluetooth signal broadcasted by one of the plurality of Bluetooth beacons;
a portable device location determiner configured to, upon detecting the
broadcasted Bluetooth signal, determine whether or not there is a change in a
location of
the portable device by comparing the detected Bluetooth signal against the
stored
Bluetooth beacon location data;
a portable device location reporter configured to, in response to
determining that there is a change in the location of the portable device,
control the
wireless data communication transceiver to transmit via the data communication
channel
to an external computing device (such as a server) portable device location
data
corresponding to the location of the portable device in order to thereby
report a location of
the user.
The invention also provides a method of reporting user locations by a portable
device of a user, comprising:
receiving through a data communication channel Bluetooth beacon location data
corresponding to respective locations of a plurality of Bluetooth beacons;
storing the Bluetooth beacon location data in a memory of the portable device;
monitoring a Bluetooth communication channel in order to detect for the
Bluetooth
signal broadcasted by one of the plurality of Bluetooth beacons;
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upon detecting the broadcasted Bluetooth signal, determining whether or not
there
is a change in a location of the portable device by comparing the detected
Bluetooth
signal against the stored Bluetooth beacon location data;
in response to determining that there is a change in the location of the
portable
device, transmitting via the data communication channel to an external
computing device
(such as a server) portable device location data corresponding to the location
of the
portable device in order to thereby report a location of the user.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In order that the invention may be more clearly ascertained, embodiments will
now
be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings,
in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the physical architecture of an embodiment
of
the system for enabling reporting of user locations;
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the functional components of the system of
figure 1;
Figure 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method of enabling reporting
of
user locations, carried out using the system of figures 1 and 2;
Figure 4 is a flow chart of additional steps that may optionally precede the
method
of figure 3;
Figures 5 to 9 illustrate an example of an embodiment of the system 10; and
Figures 10 to 12 are flow diagrams of method relating to the example of
figures 5
to 9.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
Referring to figures 1 to 9 of the drawings, there is shown a system 10 for
enabling
reporting of locations of a user (such as a nurse or some other health or aged
care
personnel). The system 10 comprises a plurality of Bluetooth beacons 17 (such
as an
iBeacon TM by developed by Apple Inc.) and at least a portable device (in
particular, a
hand-held device such as a mobile radio device or a smartphone in the form of
an
iPhone TM developed by Apple Inc.) that the user can use. Each of the
plurality of
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Bluetooth beacons 17 is configured to broadcast a Bluetooth signal on a
Bluetooth
communication channel at a respective one of a plurality of Bluetooth beacon
locations.
Each portable device 11 is configured to receive Bluetooth beacon location
data
corresponding to the Bluetooth beacon locations through a data communication
channel
(such as a Wi-Fi data communication channel). The portable device 11 is also
configured
to store the received Bluetooth beacon location data in a memory 110 of the
portable
device 11. Also, the portable device 11 is configured to monitor the Bluetooth
communication channel in order to detect for the Bluetooth signal broadcasted
by one of
the plurality of Bluetooth beacons 17.
As indicated above, the Bluetooth signal can be broadcasted by any of the
Bluetooth beacons 17 without any prompting, for example, by the portable
device 11 or
any other device of the system 10. The portable device 11 is configured to
determine
whether or not there is a change in a location of the portable device 11 upon
detecting the
broadcasted Bluetooth signal. The portable device 11 can do so by comparing
the
detected Bluetooth signal against the Bluetooth beacon location data stored in
the
memory 110.
In response to determining that there is a change in the location of the
portable
device 11, the portable device 11 can transmit, via the data communication
channel to a
server 19, portable device location data corresponding to the location of the
portable
device 11, in order to thereby report a location of the user. Thus, the system
10 is
suitable for use in a health or aged care setting in which health or aged care
personnel
may need to report their location when in duress or during emergencies.
Because each portable device 11 detects for a Bluetooth signal and not a
longer-
range communication signal such as a Wi-Fi signal, the system 10 can provide a
more
accurate location of the user than a system that relies on detecting some
longer-range
communication signal such as a Wi-Fi signal.
In addition, having each portable device 11 merely detecting a Bluetooth
signal
can be advantageous, in that the Bluetooth signal can be broadcasted by a
Bluetooth
beacon 17 instead of some form of Bluetooth transceiver that is capable of
both
transmitting and receiving Bluetooth communications. Even if a Bluetooth
transceiver is
used as a Bluetooth beacon 17 to broadcast the Bluetooth signal, the portable
device 11
need not necessarily establish a connection (for example, pair) with the
Bluetooth beacon
17.
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Also, it is envisaged that the accuracy of user location provided by the
system 10
can be easily improved by having more Bluetooth beacons 17 located at
different
locations. In this respect, it will be appreciated that each Bluetooth beacon
17 can
essentially operate independently of other devices of the system 10 and that
the scale
and accuracy of the system 10 can be improved by introducing new Bluetooth
beacons
without requiring complex configuration required to coordinate the new
Bluetooth
beacons.
By using portable devices 11 that can both monitor a Bluetooth communication
channel and communicate via a data communication channel, the system 10 can
simultaneously detect for a Bluetooth signal and communicate data (for
example, transmit
a user location, receive up-to-date Bluetooth beacon location data, or both)
and hence is
advantageous when compared to a system that relies only one form of
communication
protocol such as only Bluetooth or only Wi-Fi. In addition, it is envisaged
that an
embodiment of the system 10 may be particularly advantageous in indoor
environments
as the system 10 can provide coverage across multiple floors or levels with
high accuracy.
It is also envisaged that an embodiment of the system 10 may be particularly
advantageous the accuracy can be variable across different coverage areas
depending
on application needs and other constraints (such as budgets). Also, it is
envisaged that
an embodiment of the system 10 may be particularly advantageous as the system
10 can
define coverage areas of different shapes and sizes. It is also envisaged that
the system
10 may be advantageous in that roll-out (or expansion) of the system 10 may be
progressive. In particular, unlike certain prior art solutions, a full survey
of the indoor
environment need not be carried before deployment of the system 10.
It is envisaged that each portable device 11 is typically a hand-held device
that is
specifically designed to be carried by users. In particular, it is envisaged
that each
portable device 11 is designed for a user to carry, for example, in a clothes
pocket. While
a portable device 11 may be based on a smartphone, it is envisaged that the
portable
device 11 is likely to include additional elements such as a specific duress
mechanism
that a user of the portable device 11 can activate (such as a button that a
user can press,
or by way of a combination of the state of each of one or more sensors) in
order to enable
or trigger reporting of the location of the portable device 11, additional
protective casing
that meets specific regulations (in particular, health or safety regulations
in health and
aged care settings), rules or laws, and other mechanisms for use in settings
such as
health or aged care facilities.
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It is envisaged that the server 19 may be implemented by any suitable
computing
device. For example, the server 19 may be a computer server located remotely
from
other devices of the system 10, and may be implemented via "cloud computing".
Such a
computer server need not be a dedicated computer server, and may be a desktop
.. personal computer or a portable computer. A person skilled in the art will
appreciate that
a portable computer may be a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet
computer,
or a mobile computing device such as a smartphone. Persons skilled in the art
will
appreciate that the server 19 may be implemented by only a part of a computing
device
such as a programmable circuit. Persons skilled in the art will appreciate
that the server
19 may be implemented by multiple computing devices such that each computing
device
implements only a part or parts of the server 19.
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the physical architecture of an embodiment
of
the system 10. The system 10 comprises a server 19 connected to a database 18
and a
network 16. Depending on the implementation, the network 16 may comprise
merely a
wireless local area network (WLAN) or include other networks, for example, the
Internet.
The system 10 also comprises a plurality of wireless data access points 15 and
a
plurality of Bluetooth beacons 17. It is envisaged that a Bluetooth beacon 17
may be
deployed in various ways. For example, a Bluetooth beacon 17 may be integrated
in a
television or TV, or as a bedside terminal such as one that can be used for
tracking
equipment, and so leverage off already existing device or hardware in a
coverage area
such a room of a health or aged care facility, particularly, for use as a
resource for power.
It is envisaged that a wireless data access point 15 and a Bluetooth beacon 17
may be
.. the same device. For example, a wireless data access point 15 may be a Wi-
Fi access
point that may also simultaneously operate as a Bluetooth beacon 17. In this
embodiment, each wireless data access point 15 is a Wi-Fi access point.
However, it is
envisaged that a wireless data access point 15 may be some other form of
access point
that can allow a portable device or devices 11 to communicate data on a
wireless data
.. communication channel. Examples of such alternative wireless data
communication
channels include cellular data communication channels like 4G communication
channels.
The system also comprises one or a plurality of portable devices 11 for use by
respective users. In this embodiment, each portable device 11 is based on a
smartphone
that is configured to communicate via both Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. As indicated
above, a
portable device 11 may not be necessarily based on a smartphone. Accordingly,
there
may be different types of portable devices 11 in an alternative embodiment of
the system
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10. Thus, it will be appreciated that the system 10 may include the same or
different
types of portable devices.
Depending on the embodiment, the system 10 may comprise more than one or
only one portable device 11. Also, the system 10 may comprise one or more
wireless
access points 15 or one or more Bluetooth beacons 17. Also, it is envisaged
that each
Bluetooth beacon 17 may be configured to operate over one or more different
forms of
Bluetooth standards including BLE or Bluetooth Smart. Persons skilled in the
art will
appreciate that the database 16 may be implemented as a standalone device
(which may
be implemented remotely from the server 19, that is, "over the cloud") or as
part of the
server 19.
As indicated above, the Bluetooth beacon 17 is adapted to broadcast a signal
using some form of Bluetooth such as BLE or Bluetooth Smart. The signal is a
designated signal that can used by each portable device 11 to identify a
particular
Bluetooth beacon 17 from the plurality of Bluetooth beacons 17. For example,
the
designated Bluetooth signal may include a Bluetooth beacon identifier among a
plurality of
Bluetooth beacon identifiers stored at each portable device 11, and so each
portable
device 11 can identify whether a Bluetooth signal detected by the portable
device 11
corresponds to any particular one of the plurality of Bluetooth beacons 17 by
way of the
identifier included in the detected Bluetooth signal. In this respect, it is
envisaged that the
Bluetooth signal being broadcasted by each Bluetooth beacon 17 may be of a
standardized format such that off-the-shelf Bluetooth beacon products may be
used.
As illustrated in figure 1, each wireless data access point 15 is configured
such
that any one of the portable devices 11 with range of the wireless data access
point 15
may communicate data via the wireless data access point 15 on a wireless
communication channel. Thus, the wireless data access points 15 of the system
10 are
reasonably spread out to ensure that there is sufficient coverage of any
portable device
11 within the area in which the system 10 is intended to cover. For example,
it is
envisaged that in a health care setting such as in a hospital, there will be a
wireless data
access point 15 in at least each ward of the hospital and a Bluetooth beacon
17 in at least
each room of each ward of the hospital. It is envisaged that a portable device
11 may not
always be in coverage of a wireless data access point 15 in embodiments of the
system
10, and so any wireless data communication between a portable device 11 that
is not in
coverage may be delayed only until the portable device 11 comes into coverage
of a
wireless data access point 15. Also, while figure 2 illustrates only Bluetooth
beacons 17
with Bluetooth communication coverage that is within wireless data
communication
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coverage of a wireless data access point 15, it is envisaged that this need
not be the case
in all embodiments of the system 10.
It is envisaged that the system 10 may not include all the components
illustrated in
figure 1. For example, each wireless data access point 15 may be connected to
the
server 19 (which itself may be a wireless data access point 15) directly
without going
through a network 16. Likewise, the system 10 may include additional
components not
illustrated in figure 1. For example, it is envisaged that the system 10 may
include a
"command centre" computing device for enabling a user of the system 10 to
manage the
devices (for example, in response to any re-calibration of locations of the
plurality of
Bluetooth beacons 17) and the data (for example, in response to updating of
the
Bluetooth beacon location data) used in the system 10.
The system 10 comprises a number of functional components for enabling
reporting of user locations. It is envisaged that the functional components
are typically
implemented by a processor of a computing device executing program code and
data
stored in a memory of the computing device. In this respect, a person skilled
in the art will
appreciate that one or more of the components could be implemented in an
alternative
manner, for example, as a dedicated circuit.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the functional components of the
system
10. In figure 2, only one of the Bluetooth beacons 17 and only one of the
wireless data
access points 15 are shown. It is envisaged that a mobile device 11 may have
additional
or alternative functional components to other ones or ones of the mobile
devices 11 of the
system 10. Also, it is envisaged that the system 10 may comprise multiple
servers 19 or
multiple databases 18 each of which may be in communication with different
mobile
devices 11 and different wireless access points 15.
Tuning now to the server 19 of the system 10, the server 19 is connected to a
database 18, and comprises a processor 193 and a communication interface 198.
The
processor 193 of the server 18 is arranged to use program code and data in
order to
implement functional components in the form of a beacon location data receiver
1931, a
beacon location data transmitter 1933, and a mobile location data receiver
1938. It is
envisaged that the program code and data can typically be stored in a memory
(not
shown) of the server 19, or remotely (for example, via cloud storage
solutions) in a
distributed manner.
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The mobile location data receiver 1938 is configured to receive from each
portable
device 11 mobile location data corresponding to a location of the portable
device 11. In
this embodiment, the mobile location data is received via a wireless data
communication
channel through the network 16 and one of the wireless data access points 15.
However,
a person skilled in the art will appreciate that the mobile location data may
be received
from a portable device 11 in a different manner. For example, the mobile
location data
may be received directly from a portable device 11 via a wireless data
communication
channel in some other embodiment of the system 10.
The beacon location data receiver 1931 is configured to receive Bluetooth
beacon
location data corresponding to the respective locations of the plurality of
Bluetooth
beacons 17, and to store the received Bluetooth beacon location data. In this
embodiment, it is envisaged that the Bluetooth beacon location data is
received from an
"command centre" computing device (not shown) that is operated by a user who
determines (or "calibrates") the locations of the plurality of Bluetooth
beacons 17.
However, the Bluetooth beacon location data may be received from other
devices. For
example, it is envisaged that each wireless data access point 15 may be
configured to
transmit the location corresponding to each Bluetooth beacon 17 that may be in
Bluetooth
communication with the wireless access point 15, and the beacon location data
receiver
1931 may be configured to periodically receive the Bluetooth beacon location
data
corresponding to the respective locations of the plurality of Bluetooth
beacons 17 from the
plurality of wireless data access points 15. In this respect, it is envisaged
that devices
such as the wireless data access points 15 may be fixed or moving depending on
changing needs. In this embodiment, the Bluetooth beacon location data
received by the
server 19 is stored in the database 18. However, it is envisaged that the
received
Bluetooth beacon location data may be stored elsewhere, for example, by a
memory of
the server 19 or remotely in the "cloud" in alternative embodiments.
The beacon location data transmitter 1933 is configured to transmit the
Bluetooth
beacon location data stored in the database 18 to each of the portable devices
11 such
that a local copy of the Bluetooth beacon location data is available for
access by each of
the portable devices 11. In this embodiment, the beacon location data
transmitter 1933 is
configured to transmit the Bluetooth beacon location data to all portable
devices 11 upon
receiving an updated version of the Bluetooth beacon location data. Also, the
beacon
location data transmitter 1933 is configured to transmit the Bluetooth beacon
location data
to a portable device 11 upon receiving a request from the particular portable
device 11, for
example, when the particular portable device 11 is turned on and within range
of a
wireless data access point 15 such that the particular portable device 11 can
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automatically transmit a request for the Bluetooth beacon location data via
the wireless
data access point 15 and the network 16 to the server 19 once the particular
portable
device 11 is turned on. However, it is envisaged that the beacon location data
transmitter
1933 may not be so configured in an alternative embodiment. For example, in an
alternative embodiment of the system 10, the beacon location data transmitter
1933 may
be configured to not transmit the Bluetooth beacon location data to a portable
device 11 if
there is no updated version of the Bluetooth beacon location data in order to
minimize
unnecessary transmissions.
In an alternative embodiment of the system 10, not all of the components of
the
server 19 illustrated in figure 2 may be implemented. In particular, it is
envisaged that
functional components such as the beacon location data transmitter 1933 and
the beacon
location data receiver 1931 may not be implemented by the server 19 in an
alternative
embodiment of the system 10. For example, in an alternative embodiment, the
Bluetooth
beacon location data may be stored in a portable device 11 without requiring
the portable
device 11 to make a request for or receive the Bluetooth beacon location data
from the
server 19 or another device. Likewise, the server 19 may include additional
components
not illustrated in figure 2. For example, a server 19 may include display
and/or input
devices.
Turning now to the portable devices 11 of the system 10, each portable device
11
comprises a Bluetooth signal detector 115 for detecting at least one Bluetooth
signal from
another Bluetooth device such as a Bluetooth signal broadcasted by a Bluetooth
beacon
17, and a wireless data transceiver 118 for communicating data with one or
more other
wireless data communication devices such as one or more of the wireless data
access
points 15. Each portable device 11 also comprises a processor 113 and memory
110.
Program code and data is stored in the memory 110. The processor 113 is
configured to
implement a number of functional components based on the stored program code
and
stored data.
Firstly, the processor 113 can implement a Bluetooth beacon location data
receiver 1131 configured to control the wireless data communication
transceiver 118 to
receive the Bluetooth beacon location data corresponding to respective
locations of the
plurality of Bluetooth beacons 17, and to store the Bluetooth beacon location
data in the
memory 110. In this embodiment, the portable device 11 receives through the
wireless
data communication channel from the server 19 the Bluetooth beacon location
data stored
in the database 18. However, it is envisaged that the Bluetooth beacon
location data
receiver 1131 may be configured to either additionally or alternatively
receive the
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Bluetooth beacon location data from another device, for example, directly from
the
database 18 via the network 16, or even from another portable device 11 which
may be
fixed or moving (for example, by way of a mesh network).
The processor 113 is also configured to implement a Bluetooth beacon detector
1113 that can control the Bluetooth signal detector 115 to monitor the
Bluetooth
communication channel such that the portable device 11 can detect for one or
more
Bluetooth signals such as a Bluetooth signal broadcasted by one of the
plurality of
Bluetooth beacons 17. In this embodiment, each portable device 11 based on a
smartphone that can simultaneously monitor the Bluetooth communication channel
while
communicating data on the data communication channel. That is, the Bluetooth
signal
detector 115 can be used to detect for one or more Bluetooth signals while the
wireless
data transceiver 118 is used to communicate data with one or more other
wireless data
communication devices such as a wireless data access point 15, or one or more
other
portable devices 11. However, it is envisaged that there may be a portable
device 11 of
the system 10 that may at any one time only either monitor the Bluetooth
communication
channel or communicate data on the data communication channel.
Also, the processor 113 is also configured to implement a portable device
location
determiner 1138 that is configured to, upon the Bluetooth beacon detector 1113
detecting
a broadcasted Bluetooth signal, determine (or compute) whether or not there is
a change
in a location of the portable device 11. The portable device location
determiner 1138 is
configured to determine whether there is a change in the location, by
comparing the
Bluetooth signal detected by the Bluetooth beacon detector 1113 against the
Bluetooth
beacon location data stored locally in the memory 110 of the portable device
11. As
indicated above, more than one Bluetooth signal may be simultaneously detected
by the
Bluetooth signal detector 115. If this is the case, the portable device
location determiner
1138 can determine which one of the plurality of broadcasted Bluetooth signals
is to be
compared against the Bluetooth beacon location data stored in the memory 110
of the
portable device 11. For example, the portable device location determiner 1138
can be
configured to determine the strongest Bluetooth signal from the plurality of
broadcasted
Bluetooth signals, before comparing the strongest detected Bluetooth signal
against the
locally stored Bluetooth beacon location data in one embodiment. In another
embodiment, the portable device location determiner 1138 can be configured to
determine
most recently detected Bluetooth signal from the plurality of broadcasted
Bluetooth
signals detected by the Bluetooth signal detector 115, before comparing the
most recently
detected Bluetooth signal against the locally stored Bluetooth beacon
location, in order to
determine whether or not there is a change in the location of the portable
device 11. In
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this embodiment, each portable device 11 continuously compute the location of
the
portable device 11 (and then determine whether or not there is a change in the
location)
based on any detected Bluetooth signal. However, it is envisaged that
alternative
embodiments of the system 10 may involve portable devices 11, for example, low-
power
versions of such devices 11, that do not do so. In this respect, an embodiment
of a
portable device 11 may be configured to continuously compute only upon
detecting
movement of the portable device 11, for example, by way of a movement sensor
or
detector such as an accelerometer or a GPS chip. Also, another embodiment of a
portable device 11 may be configured to additionally or alternatively compute
the location
of the portable device 11 (and then determine whether or not there is a change
in the
location) based on patterns and/or prior knowledge (for example, by way of
machine
learning and/or path of movement).
The processor 13 also implements a portable device location reporter 1139
configured to report a location of the user, in response to the portable
device location
determiner 1138 determining that there is a change in the location of the
portable device
11. Specifically, the portable device location reporter 1139 can control the
wireless data
communication transceiver 118 to transmit to the server 19 portable device
location data
corresponding to the location of the portable device 11. In this embodiment,
the portable
.. device location data is transmitted via the data communication channel
through a wireless
access point 15 and the network 16. However, it is envisaged that the portable
device
location data may be reported in some other way. For example, the portable
device
location data may be transmitted from the portable device 11 to the server 19
directly in
an alternative embodiment. Depending on the embodiment, the portable device
location
reporter 1139 may be configured to report a user location only upon some form
of
activation by the user or regularly. For example, it is envisaged that the
portable device
11 is configured to automatically report a user location upon the user
pressing a duress
button on the portable device 11 after there is a change in the location of
the portable
device 11. Additionally or alternatively, in an embodiment of the system 10, a
portable
device 11 may be configured to periodically report the location of a user, for
example,
after designated intervals of time after there is a change in the location of
the portable
device 11, or based on certain conditions such as proximity to exit areas,
areas without
coverage etc.
In this embodiment, the processor 113 is also configured to implement a beacon
location data requestor 1135 configured to make a request for the Bluetooth
beacon
location data. In this embodiment, the portable device 11 is configured to
make such a
request to the server 19 for the Bluetooth beacon location data periodically
in order to
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obtain any updated copy of the Bluetooth beacon location data. As indicated
above, if
there is an updated copy of the Bluetooth beacon location data available for
transmission
by the server 19, the server 19 can transmit the updated beacon location data
to the
portable device 11 in response to the request by the beacon location data
transmitter
1933 for the Bluetooth beacon location data.
Like with the server 19, it is envisaged that not all of the components of the
portable device 11 illustrated in figure 2 may be implemented in an
alternative
embodiment of the system 10. For example, a portable device 11 may not include
a
.. beacon location data requestor 1135 in an embodiment of the system 10, and
so the
mobile device 11 may rely on the periodic updates of the Bluetooth beacon
location data
from the server 19 in such an embodiment. In another embodiment, the Bluetooth
beacon
location data can be manually stored in memory at the time of shipping of the
software
application for a portable device 11. As suggested above, it is envisaged that
a portable
device 11 will typically include components that make the portable device 11
suitable for
use in health or aged care settings. In particular, it is envisaged that a
portable device 11
will typically include a specifically designed mechanism for a user of the
portable device
11 to activate, such as a duress button that can be pressed by a user. Such a
mechanism may be implemented by way of additional hardware such as a button
that is
part of a casing for the portable device 11, or software such as a virtual
button that is
constantly displayed on a touchscreen of the portable device 11 such that a
user may
press on the virtual button when the user is in duress or a man-down
situation.
Figure 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method of enabling reporting
of
user locations carried out using the system of figures 1 and 2. As indicated
by "A" in the
figure, additional steps may precede the steps illustrated in the figure.
These additional
steps are described in more detail below with reference to figure 4.
At step 310, the beacon location data receiver 1131 implemented by the
processor
113 of a portable device 11 of the system 10 receives Bluetooth beacon
location data
corresponding to the respective locations of the plurality of Bluetooth
beacons 17 of the
system 10 using the wireless data transceiver 118 of the portable device 11.
As indicated
above, it is envisaged that every portable device 11 of the system 10 will
receive the
Bluetooth beacon location data before detecting for a Bluetooth signal
broadcasted by
.. one of the plurality of Bluetooth beacons of the system 10. In addition,
updated or
modified versions of the Bluetooth beacon location data may be received by a
portable
device 11 after the portable device 11 has previously already received a
version of the
Bluetooth beacon location data.
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After receiving the Bluetooth beacon location data, the beacon location data
receiver 1131 then stores the received Bluetooth beacon location data in the
memory 110
of the portable device 11 at step 320. As indicated above, it is envisaged
that each
portable device 11 stores a local copy of the Bluetooth beacon location data
such that the
portable device 11 can subsequently compute the location of the portable
device 11 and
so determine whether or not there is a change of the location of the portable
device 11.
Depending on the implementation, the memory 110 of the portable device 11 may
include
only a single (or most recent) copy of the Bluetooth beacon location data or
store multiple
versions of the Bluetooth beacon location data, for example, if there is a
need to refer to a
previous version of the Bluetooth beacon location data when the latest version
of the
Bluetooth beacon location data is incomplete.
At 330, the beacon detector 1133 implemented by the processor 113 of the
.. portable device 11 controls the Bluetooth signal detector 115 of the
portable device 11 to
monitor the Bluetooth communication channel in order to detect for any
Bluetooth signal
that is broadcasted by a Bluetooth beacon 17. As will be described in more
detail in
relation to figure 4 below, each Bluetooth beacon 17 can broadcast a Bluetooth
signal that
can be recognized or identified by each portable device 11 such that the
portable device
.. 11 can subsequently compute a location of the portable device or determine
whether or
not there is a change in the location of the portable device based on the
Bluetooth signal.
As indicated above, a portable device 11 may continuously monitor the
Bluetooth
communication channel or only do so when a separate mechanism of the portable
device
11 prompts the portable device to do so. For example, a portable device 11 may
monitor
the Bluetooth communication channel only when an accelerometer of the portable
device
11 senses movement of the portable device 11.
At step 340, the beacon detector 1133 detects one or more Bluetooth signals.
As
indicated above, each Bluetooth beacon 17 is configured to broadcast a
Bluetooth signal
that can be detected by a portable device 11 when the portable device 11 is
within range
of the Bluetooth beacon 17. It is envisaged that the beacon detector 1133 can
upon
detecting a Bluetooth signal, determine whether or not the Bluetooth signal is
from a
Bluetooth beacon 17 of the system 10 or not, and to ignore or disregard any
Bluetooth
signal that is not broadcasted by a Bluetooth beacon 17 of the system 10. It
is envisaged
that the portable device 11 can do so in different ways. For example, the
beacon detector
1133 can do by checking an identifier of the broadcast.
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Upon detecting the at least one Bluetooth signal, the mobile location
determiner
1138 implemented by the processor 113 of the portable device 11 determines
whether or
not there is a change in the location of the portable device 11. If multiple
Bluetooth
signals are detected by the portable device 11, the mobile location determiner
1138
determines from the Bluetooth signals the Bluetooth signal which is strongest
(that is, the
Bluetooth signal that is received at the highest power). Then, the mobile
location
determiner 1138 compares the detected Bluetooth signal (or the strongest one
of the
detected Bluetooth signals) against the Bluetooth beacon location data stored
in the
memory 110 at step 350 in order to subsequently determine whether or not there
is a
change in the location of the portable device 11.
At step 380, the mobile location determiner 1138 makes the determination of
whether or not there is a change in the location of the portable device 11
based on the
comparison. If the mobile location determiner 1138 determines that there is no
change in
the portable device's location, the portable device 11 continues to monitor
the Bluetooth
communication channel at step 330. Otherwise, the mobile location data
reporter 1139
implemented by the processor 113 of the portable device 11 controls the
wireless data
communication transceiver 118 to transmit via the data communication channel
to the
server 19 portable device location data corresponding to the location of the
portable
device 11 in order to thereby report a location of the user at step 390.
Depending on the
implementation, the portable device location data corresponding to the
location of the
portable device 11 may also be stored locally at the portable device 11 for
subsequent
use by the portable device 390, for example, for comparison with new portable
device
location data.
After the portable device location data is transmitted by the portable device
11 at
step 390, the mobile location data receiver 1938 implemented by the processor
193 of the
server can receive the portable device location data transmitted from the
portable device
11 using the communication interface 198 of the server 19, and then store the
received
portable device location data in the database 18 in connection with the server
19. As
indicated above, actions by other users of the system 10 may then be
undertaken
depending on whether or not there is (and if so, the nature of) a duress
situation.
As indicated in the figure 3, additional steps may optionally precede the
steps
illustrated in the figure 3. These optional preceding steps are described in
more detail
below with reference to figure 4.
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At step 410, the beacon location data receiver 1931 implemented by the
processor
193 of the server 19 of the system 10 receives Bluetooth beacon location data
corresponding to the respective locations of the plurality of Bluetooth
beacons 17 using
the communication interface 198. Depending on the implementation, the
Bluetooth
location data may be received in different ways. For example, in an embodiment
of the
system 10, the server 19 may receive the Bluetooth beacon location from a
standalone
"command centre" computing device located remotely from the server 19. In
another
embodiment of the system 10, the server 19 may receive Bluetooth beacon
location data
from each of the wireless data access points 15 each of which is configured to
detect any
Bluetooth beacon 17 that is within range of the wireless data access point 15.
Thus, it is
envisaged that the respective locations of all of the plurality of Bluetooth
beacons 17 may
be received from multiple different devices rather than from a single device.
In this
respect, it is envisaged that the server 19 may be configured such that the
server 19 may
simultaneously receive Bluetooth beacon location data from multiple devices.
Upon receiving any Bluetooth beacon location data, the beacon location data
receiver 1931 stores the received Bluetooth beacon location data at step 430.
In this
embodiment, the received Bluetooth beacon location data is stored in the
database 18.
However, it is envisaged that the received Bluetooth beacon location data may
be stored
elsewhere, for example, in a memory of the server 19 itself.
It is envisaged that steps 410 and 430 may occur more than once, before the
Bluetooth beacon location data stored in the database 18 is communicated to a
portable
device or devices 11.
In this embodiment, the server 19 is configured to transmit the stored
Bluetooth
beacon location data either in response to a request from a portable device 11
or
automatically, for example, when there is an update of the Bluetooth beacon
location data
stored in the database 18, or after a designated period of time (that is,
periodically).
At step 460, the server 19 receives a request for the Bluetooth beacon
location
data from a portable device 11. The request may be received by the server 19
using the
communication interface 198 over the network 16 from a wireless data access
point 15 in
wireless data communication with the portable device 11.
In response to receiving the request from the portable device 11, the beacon
location data transmitter 1933 implemented by the processor 193 of the server
19
transmits the Bluetooth beacon location data stored in the database 18 over
the network
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16 to the wireless data access point 15 in wireless data communication with
the portable
device 11 at step 480.
As indicated above, the beacon location data transmitter 1933 may also, either
periodically or when there is an update of the Bluetooth beacon location data
stored in the
database 18, transmit the stored Bluetooth beacon location data to one, more
or every
portable device 11 of the system 10 without being prompted at step 490.
It is envisaged that each Bluetooth beacon 17 of the system 10 may be
configured
to broadcast a Bluetooth signal that each portable device 11 can recognize
before the
location of the Bluetooth beacon 17 is included in the Bluetooth beacon
location data
transmitted to each portable device 11. As indicated in figure 4, the
Bluetooth beacons 17
are controlled to broadcast such a Bluetooth signal at step 450 separately
from the other
steps preceding the steps of figure 3.
Example of user location reporting system
Figures 5 to 9 illustrate an example of an embodiment of the system 10.
Beginning first with figure 5, there is illustrated a system 10 comprising
Bluetooth beacons
17, wireless data access points 15, a network 16, a database 18 storing
Bluetooth beacon
location data, a server 19, and portable devices 11. In addition, the system
10 also
comprises multiple servers 19 in the form of a duress server, a notification
server, a
command centre computing device, and a messaging engine for coordinating any
messaging between devices of the system 10.
Each of the portable devices 11 is based on a mobile phone with a physical
hardware button for a user to press when in duress. As illustrated in figure
6, the physical
hardware button may be a software button in an alternative implementation. As
illustrated
in figures 7 and 8, a bespoke application (or operating system) installed in
each portable
device 11 provides a user interface for a user to use. A software development
kit (SDK) is
provided to enable each portable device 11 to compute the location of the
portable device
11 based on a Bluetooth signal detected from a Bluetooth beacon 17. The
application
can be used by a user to initiate a man-down algorithm. A continuous check
engine is
provided to enable each portable device 11 to keep track of the location of
the portable
device 11. In this example, the application enables each portable device 11 to
report or
notify other devices of the system 10, for example, via the network 16.
In this example, the location of a user within a facility can be determined by
way of
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the following:
= Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Beacons 17 installed around the facility.
= These beacons emit known signals that the application (or App) running on
each
portable device 11 can read and use in calculating the location of the device
11.
= When installing the beacons, a calibration process using a phone
application is
used to ensure the system 10 provides adequate coverage as well as sufficient
accuracy.
In this respect, a floor plan is uploaded onto the system 10 (for example, in
the database
18) to enable a user (such as an operator) to determine that there is adequate
coverage
and sufficient accuracy in relation to all or required areas of the facility.
= During the calibration process, the beacon locations may be calibrated to
optimise
location accuracy.
= Zones may be marked to suit any required workflow. This is something that
can
be determined based on any well-known location or required boundary that needs
to be
monitored.
= Specific Bluetooth beacons (or "exit beacons") can be strategically
located such
that a person walking through an exit or intending to exit with a portable
device 11 can be
notified. Team members of the person may also be notified in order to assist
in retrieving
the device.
= The wireless data access points 15 are Wi-Fi wireless access points that
have
Bluetooth beacons capability built into them to complement the deployment of
Bluetooth
beacons 17, for example, in places like corridors and large rooms.
When in operation, the application running in each portable device 11 enables
the
.. portable device 11 to perform a number of functionalities:
= When the application is installed in each portable device 11, the
application
periodically checks with the server 19 and downloads the calibrated Bluetooth
beacon
location data (or Map Data) and stores a copy locally on the portable device
11.
= In this respect, it is envisaged that the Bluetooth beacon location data
is
periodically updated to ensure that any floor plans or area descriptions
provided by way of
the Bluetooth beacon location data are not changed.
= As the portable device is moved around the facility, the portable device
11
continuously computes the location of the portable device 11 by way of the
SDK.
= The SDK is configured such that when a portable device 11 is not moving,
computation (or calculation) of the portable device location either does not
occur or is
configured to occur after longer intervals to conserve battery life of the
portable device 11.
At such battery life conservation points, the last computed location (or "the
last known
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location") is stored.
= When a reportable incident happens (for example, some form of "duress",
whether
it is a soft, hard, or man-down), the location of a portable device 11 is
recalculated to
achieve a high level of accuracy and the recalculated location information is
sent to the
duress server 19 for further workflow processing. In particular, it is
envisaged that the
location information may be continuously sent at frequency that is higher than
before (or
increasing higher) until the event is stood down.
= Components of each portable device 11 is also are continuously monitored,
alerted, and reported to ensure proper functioning of the portable device:
¨ For example, battery usage is checked continuously such that users are
informed when a battery level reaches a pre-set minimum.
¨ Also, network connectivity is checked by way of communication with the
server 19 to ensure that Wi-Fi and or at least 4G data communication is
available.
¨ Bluetooth (BT) status on each portable device 11 is checked to ensures
that the location can be computed at anytime. As a fall-back mechanism, GPS
functionality can be checked to ensure that GPS can be used if BT is not
available
or disabled.
¨ The GPS functionality also enables each portable device 11 determine the
location of the portable device 11 even if the portable device is being used
outside
the facility.
¨ In addition, dark spots within the facility are checked to determine
locations
where a Bluetooth signal from a Bluetooth beacon 17 cannot be received or
read,
for example, because the Bluetooth signal is not available, or interference is
limiting detection.
¨ Each portable device 11 is also monitored when being dropped into and
removed from any charging cradle such that all network/disk heavy tasks like
uploading logs, analytics, man-down related data etc can be performed and
configuration of the application can be updated via the server 19 to ensure
that the
application is customised according to up to date or latest configuration.
= The application can also control volume level on the portable device 11
when
acting on certain actions:
¨ When notifications pop up, each portable device 11 can be set to use a
pre-set ring tone notification and vibration.
¨ When a manual duress is triggered, each portable device 11 can be set not
make any noise and vibration is the only alert notification that is used to
provide a
user with assurance that the duress functionality has been successfully
launched.
¨ When man-down is detected, each portable device 11 can be set to emit a
distinct low volume sound in addition to vibration. Optionally, when a
portable
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device 11 is set in silent mode, the portable device 11 can be set to override
the
silent mode and play a ring tone to provide assurance that any alert is sent.
If an
accidental duress is triggered, the user is able to cancel it (with a PIN) by
marking
it as false. This cancels the event and notifies the response team that they
do not
need to attend the event.
= Each portable device 11 can be configured such that when a person is in
duress,
the portable device 11 can activate a microphone of the portable device 11 so
that other
users of the system (such as security responders and a command centre) can
hear what
is going on at the duress location, for example, when a conference bridge is
activated. At
the same time, the portable device 11 can activate any speaker on the portable
device
such that a perpetrator cannot listen to any conversations taking place on the
conference
bridge.
= Similarly, each portable device 11 can be configured such that when a
person is in
duress, the portable device 11 can activate a camera of the portable device
such that
responders can see what is happening at a duress location.
= Each portable device 11 can be configured such that when a carer enters
an
unknown area or new environments of concern, the portable device 11 can be
requested
to be tracked. While in this mode, the portable device 11 may be prompted to
respond to
a popup on a regular basis. Failing to respond within a pre-configured time
will trigger a
duress response.
= Each portable device 11 can be configured such that all duress calls can
be
deactivated using a PIN number, which may be the same or different for
different users.
= Each portable device 11 can be configured such that when duress is
triggered in
one location and then a person runs away from an assailant, a location update
is provided
to responders. The change of location can also be announced to participants of
an audio
conference.
= In respect of the physical "duress" button, the button can be any
external duress
trigger that can automatically pair up with other BLE/NFC trigger devices such
that a user
can trigger a duress without having to touch a portable device 11.
= For example, an external pull-cord can pair up to the phone automatically
and a
user can trigger duress by a simple action of pulling a thread or thread-like
material.
= Each portable device 11 can be configured such that a user can control a
camera
of the portable device 11 remotely.
= Each portable device 11 can be configured such that the portable device
11
reports a battery charging state to the server 19 in order for the system 10
to monitor
battery level and predict how long each portable device 11 will last for.
= Each portable device 11 can be configured a self-test mode to enable a
user to go
through a step-by-step self-test mode in which the user will be prompted to
use and test
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all critical features. For example, in the self-test mode, when the user
raises a trigger, a
message may be sent and shown to the user instead of to other users (such as a
response team).
Figures 10 to 12 are flowcharts of methods relating to the example of the
embodiment of the system 10 of figures 5 to 9. Figure 10 is a flowchart of
steps relating
to an initialization of an application for each portable device 11 of the
system 10. Figure
11 comprises flowcharts of steps relating to different monitoring states,
specifically,
enabling Bluetooth, enabling GPS, when a portable device 11 changes location,
and
whether a server 19 of the system 10 can be reached. Figure 12 comprises
flowcharts of
steps relating to different monitoring interactions, for example, on when user
locations
may be sent during duress.
Further aspects of the method of figures 3 and 4 will be apparent from the
above
description of the system. Persons skilled in the art will also appreciate
that the method
could be embodied in program code. The program code could be supplied in a
number of
ways, for example on a tangible computer readable medium, such as a disc or a
memory
(for example, that could replace part of the memory 110 of each portable
device 11) or as
a data signal (for example, by transmitting it from the server 19).
Similarly, it will be appreciated that data in memory (such as the data in the
database 18) can be supplied on any appropriate tangible data carrier, such as
by writing
them to a portable device (such as a USB drive), storing them in a memory
(including
transmitting identifiers to a device having a memory) etc.
Modifications within the scope of the invention may be readily effected by
those
skilled in the art. It is to be understood, therefore, that this invention is
not limited to the
particular embodiments described by way of example hereinabove.
It is to be understood that, if any prior art is referred to herein, such
reference does
not constitute an admission that the prior art forms a part of the common
general
knowledge in the art in any country.
In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention,
except
where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary
implication,
the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used
in an
inclusive sense, that is to specify the presence of the stated features but
not to preclude
the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the
invention.
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