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Sommaire du brevet 1062967 

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L'apparition de différences dans le texte et l'image des Revendications et de l'Abrégé dépend du moment auquel le document est publié. Les textes des Revendications et de l'Abrégé sont affichés :

  • lorsque la demande peut être examinée par le public;
  • lorsque le brevet est émis (délivrance).
(12) Brevet: (11) CA 1062967
(21) Numéro de la demande: 265639
(54) Titre français: CHARBON ENDUIT D'ABORD D'UN AGENT MOUILLANT PUIS D'UN AGENT EMULSIFIANT
(54) Titre anglais: COATING COAL WITH WETTING AGENT FOLLOWED BY TREATMENT WITH COAL FOR EMULSION
Statut: Périmé
Données bibliographiques
Abrégés

Abrégé anglais


Title of the Invention


COAL COATING METHOD


Abstract of the Disclosure


Bulk coal, i.e. coal in coal cars, in piles, in bins,
in ships, or in any other place where coal fines tend to become
entrained in ambient air, is protectively coated to prevent the
loss of coal fines. The coal is first coated with a wetting
agent and then coated with an emulsion of crude coal tar in water
containing a cationic emulsifying agent.

Revendications

Note : Les revendications sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.


The embodiments of the invention in which an
exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as

follows:
1. A process for suppressing the entrainment into
ambient air of coal fines from the exposed surface of bulk coal
comprising applying to said surface a dilute aqueous solution of
a wetting agent and applying thereto an emulsion of coal tar in
water, said solution having the capabilities of promoting the
wetting of the coal by the coal tar emulsion and enhancing the
dust suppressant properties of the surface layer formed by the
coal tar after the breaking of the emulsion.




2. The process of Claim 1, said emulsion containing
40-70% by weight of coal tar, 60-30% by weight of water and
0.5-2.0% by volume of a cationic emulsifying agent.




3. The process of Claim 2, said wetting agent being a
non-ionic alkylphenyl polyethoxy ether.




4. The process of Claim 3, said wetting agent being
present to the extent of about 0.03% by weight of said solution.




5. The process of Claim 4, said cationic emulsifying
agent being a long chain aliphatic diamine quaternary ammonium
compound.

-5-

Description

Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.






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Summary of the Invention `
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The essential object of the invention is to cover the
otherwise exposed surface of bulk or piled-up coal with a ;~
flexible, water resistant and force resistant blanket of coal tar ~
in a solid condition. This is accomplished by essentially a two ,
step operation in which the exposed surface of the coal is pre-
I wetted with a wetting agent and in which immediately thereafter
I ~ the coal tar emulsion is applied to the coal. The wetting agent ,~
~enables the subsequently applied emulsion to rapidly wet the
~10~ coal, form a continuous film thereover,;and to then break to set ,i~
~ up a solid but 1exible seaIing layer over the coal which is
! essentially water resistant and which will withstand substantial ;;
! ~ mechanical abuse such as that imparted by a moving coal car.


The underlying object~of the invention is to prevent ~ ;
the present substantial economic losses of coal dust and coal
fines to ambient air.
. ~
Other objects and advantages of the invention are as

follows: to provide a low cost coal coating process employing
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¦low cost materials; to provide a coal coating material which may -
~be readily pumped, stored for extended periods without change, and
, lapplied readily through spray nozzles and the like; to provide a
' Icoal coating material which forms a strong flexible layer on the ;
coal granules and particles which is able to withstand vibration
land to retain moisture in the coal; to provide a coal coating
¦material which is insoluble in water after its application; to `
Iprovide a coaL coating material which becomes immediately stable
A'' lupon application; and to provide a coal coating material which
Iwill break up reasonably well when a coal car is dumped.


- I These and other objects and advantages of the invention
~ ¦will be apparent from the following description of the invention.
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I The preferred coal tar for the present process is the
!~" ¦crude coal tar produced from medium-volatile Balmer coal in a
¦horizontal retort coke oven. This tar has a relatively low cost
¦and is a semi-fluid material as produced. It emulsifies well
with water when a cationic emulsifying agent is employed. A wide
variety of such cationic emulsifying agents may be satisfactorily
¦ employed in the coating material of the invention, i.e.
l ~a) Long chain aliphatic diamine quaternary ammonium
¦ compounds.
~t l (b) Alkyl trimethyl quaternary ammonium compounds. ~ ~;
(c) Alkyl propylene diamines.
;' I (d) N-alkyl trimethylene diamine polyoxyethylene
¦ compounds.


¦ The preferred type of such agent is a fatty amine agent
such as E-ll, a long chain aliphatic diamine quaternary ammonium
formulation. E-ll is a product of Armour.

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The basic sto~k material is made up by mixing 40-70~/0 by
¦weight of crude coal tar~ 60-30% by weight of water, and 0.5 -
¦ 2.~/o based on total emulsion volume of the cationic emulsifying
agent. ~ 50-50 tar-water mix with 1.7% of the agent is preferred. `
¦The emulsion can be made with a continuous homogenizer when the `
water containing the emulsifying agent and tar are fed separately
¦ to the shear zone. Good emulsions may also be obtained by using r
¦batch homogenizers of various types.

¦ The emulsion by itself will wet the coal, but somewhat
` 10 ¦slowly, and since less than one minute is available for a binder
Ito be applied to and adsorbed by the coal surface (the time
¦within which it should be possible to spray-coat a loaded coal
car passing beneath a spray head) it is desirable to make use of
~ la wetting agent which permits rapid contact of the emulsion with
r I the coal. In addition the type of coating formed by using the
i ¦ emulsion by itself does not perform well as a dust suppressant.
~ I ~ ~, ,
, I For this purpose, any wetting agent may be employed
¦ which has the properties of wetting the coal, promoting the
formation of a full-covering film of the emulsion on the coal. ~-

¦ Cationic emulsions break on contact with a surface. It
. ¦ was not to be expected that the presence of a water solution of a
¦ non-ionic wetting agent would affect the quality of the coat tar
¦ surface formed.

¦ Surfactants which may be used as wetting agents for the
¦ coal in the coating process o the invention are as follows:

1. Nonionic
~a) Alkylphenyl-polyethoxy ethers.
I (b) Alkyl polyethoxy ethers.
¦ ~c) N, N-substituted fatty acid amides.
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6Z~67

2. Anionic ~
(a) Alkyl aryl sulfonates. ~ `
(b) Alkane sulfonates.

(c) Alkyl sulfonates with an amide intermediate
linkage.

3. Cationic

(a) Tetra-alkyl ammonium salts with at least one
long chain alkyl group.
(b) Polyethoxy alkyl amines.
(c) Dialkyl-aminoalkyl fatty acid amide.


The preferred wetting agents are the non-ionic
alkylphenyl polyethoxy ethers. Typically, a 0.03% by weight
solution of such an ether, in water is employed.
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Taking a typical loaded coal car as a working example of
the practice of the process of the invention, the surface of the
coal is first pre-wetted with about 24 U.S. gallons of water
containing 0.03% of an alkylphenyl-polyethoxy ether. Immediately 5
` thereafter about 12 gallons of the coal tar emulsion are sprayed
,s on the coal. If desired, a second application of the tar -
.~ ~ 20 emulsion may be made.


~he result of this application of the tar emulsion is the ~ ;~
formation on the coal of a surface ~ayer about 0.75 inches thick
~, made up of coal particles and coal dust bonded with coal tar.
This layer is flexible and withstands mechanical abuse of the i
magnitude encountered by heavily handled loaded coal cars.
Immediately after the application of the emulsion to the coal, the

emulsion breaks to set up a solid but flexible sealing layer over
the coal, and thereafter this layer is essentially water resistant ;
and remains in place as a cover after being subjected to wind, -
weather and vibration in a travelling rail car.
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Dessin représentatif

Désolé, le dessin représentatatif concernant le document de brevet no 1062967 est introuvable.

États administratifs

Pour une meilleure compréhension de l'état de la demande ou brevet qui figure sur cette page, la rubrique Mise en garde , et les descriptions de Brevet , États administratifs , Taxes périodiques et Historique des paiements devraient être consultées.

États administratifs

Titre Date
Date de délivrance prévu 1979-09-25
(45) Délivré 1979-09-25
Expiré 1996-09-25

Historique d'abandonnement

Il n'y a pas d'historique d'abandonnement

Titulaires au dossier

Les titulaires actuels et antérieures au dossier sont affichés en ordre alphabétique.

Titulaires actuels au dossier
KAISER RESOURCES LTD.
Titulaires antérieures au dossier
S.O.
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Description du
Document 
Date
(yyyy-mm-dd) 
Nombre de pages   Taille de l'image (Ko) 
Description 1994-04-28 4 213
Dessins 1994-04-28 1 17
Revendications 1994-04-28 1 43
Abrégé 1994-04-28 1 22
Page couverture 1994-04-28 1 39