APPAREIL DE CHAUFFAGE

EFFICIENCY HEATER

Abrégé anglais

EFFICIENCY HEATER
ABSTRACT
Three elements are secured together in new and unique fashion to form
a heating unit, movable and installable as an integral unit and capable of
obtaining maximum BTU's from the fuel used. These elements are (1) an outer
jacket, which defines the design and outline of the heater, (2) an inner
jacket, forming with the outer jacket a residual burning chamber, narrow in
cross section and relatively high in vertical extent to provide maximum heat
transfer surface, and (3) an A- or tent-shaped fire box or combustion
chamber, enclosed by and secured to the inner and outer jackets. The tent-
shaped fire box extends from the extreme lower end of the heater to its
upper limit. The edges of the walls of the fire box are secured to outer
and inner jackets in sealed relationship, dividing the areas within the
heater into heat producing and heat conducting areas and clean air passage-
ways. The configuration of the inner jacket 14 is an incomplete cylinder.
It has separated edges, each slanted to conform and attach to one of the
slanted walls of the fire box. The broken away areas of the cylinder is
triangular. One edge of the triangle is secured to an edge of the fire box
wall. The other edge nests and attaches to the outer surface of the
opposite wall and in the vacinity of a final vent. Thus access is provided
to the residual burning chamber from the interior of the fire box, and
egress therefrom is provided in the form of a final vent. The residual
burning materials are thus conducted in a circular path around the clean
air passageway, thus all possible energy units are extracted from whatever
fuel is used.

Revendications

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property
or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. In a heater: a combustion chamber of tent-shaped
configuration, a pair of joined and slanted walls on said
combustion chamber, said combustion chamber extending the entire
vertical height of the heater, an outer jacket defining the
outer configuration of said heater, the entire surface of each
of said slanted walls presenting a medium of heat exchange
throughout their entire exterior surfaces, openings located in
the base area of said outer jacket to provide ingress for clean
air at the base edge of each of said slanted walls, said base
edges terminating at the lower limit of said outer jacket and
adjacent to said openings, thereby presenting to clean air
entering immediate heating and immediate upward convection to
heated air outlet means, additional heating surface means for
transmitting heat to clean air, said additional heating surface
means comprising an inner jacket located inside said outer
jacket in said upper area of said heater and forming with said
outer jacket a residual burning chamber, means for sealing the
interior of said combustion chamber and the interior of said
residual burning chamber from clean air being heated, said
sealing means including edges on said slanted walls, said edges
having respective configurations which, in cooperative sealed
relationship with at least a portion of said outer jacket and
inner jacket, seal said combustion chamber and residual chamber
from clean air being heated and further define conduit means for
flow of gaseous products of combustion from said combustion
chamber through said residual chamber to vent means associated
with said residual combustion chamber.
2. In the heater in accordance with claim 1 wherein
these said edges comprise a first edge, a second edge, and third
and fourth edges, said first edge being an integral line
throughout its length, and being secured throughout its length

to the inner surface of said outer jacket and in sealed
relationship therewith, said second edge having an upper segment
cut away to form a shoulder and a lower segment, said lower
segment being secured to the inner surface of said outer jacket
and in sealed relationship therewith, each of said third and
fourth edges having upper portions cut away, forming upper and
lower segments, said third and fourth upper segments being
secured to said inner jacket and in sealed relationship
therewith, said third and fourth lower segments being secured to
the surface of said outer jacket and in sealed relationship
therewith, said inner jacket being an incomplete enclosure
having separated ends, said separated ends including first
separated end and second separated end respectively, said
conduit means including sealed attachment of the upper segment
on said second edge to said first separated end of said inner
jacket defining a residual combustion chamber opening, said
second separated end of said inner jacket being in sealed
attachment to an exterior surface of one of said slanted walls.
3. In a heater as claimed in claim 2, said vent means
being in the upper area of said residual burning chamber
adjacent said second separated end of said inner jacket and so
located that gaseous products of combustion are conducted
through said residual combustion chamber opening and
throughout the extent of the residual burning chamber before
reaching said vent means.

Description

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EFF I C IEN C~' H EATE R
BACKGROUND
In the past, sources of heating commodities, such as oil
and gas have been considered to be inexhaustible. Measures for
extracting the most possible energy units from the fuel being
consumed was not considered necessary, practical or desirable.
Waste was normal. With the rising costs of these commodities
and their availability and inexhaustibility becoming more and
more into question, the market has become crowded with home
heaters attempting to control waste, and to extract every
possible BTU from the fuel beinq consumed. For a multiplicity
of reasons, the efficiency sought has not been forthcoming.
Multiplicity of parts, difficult and complicated manufacturing
processes, difficulty in installation, inefficiency in
operation, frequent necessity for repair: these are some of
the difficulties experienced.
The object of the present invention is, therefore, to
provide a heater which overcomes these difficulties, to provide
one which is easily manufactured, easily installed because of
its integral nature and one which looks simple but which
operates with extremely high efficiency, obtaining all possible
energy units from the fuel used.
Complete combustion of fuel means less contamination of the
atmosphere.
SUMMARY
A tent or A-shaped fire box extends from the lower to the
upper limits of the heater, and functions as a combustion ~-
chamber. It is enclosed in a unit which is comprised of
concentric outer and inner jackets. The inner jacket is smaller
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in diameter, and terminates a distance from the base of the
outer jacket. It is an incomplete cyllnder having separated end
edges which are cut at an angle to the vertical to conform and
be attachable to the walls of the fire box. The inner jacket
forms a residual burning chamber with tlle outer j~cket. The
residual burning chamber cross section is narrow and relatively
high in vertical dimension. Maximum surface is thus presented
for heat transfer. The slanted fire box walls, extending as
they do the entire height of the heater, also present maximum
surface for heat transfer. Air entering the openings at the
base of the outer jacket is heated immediately by heat transfer
from the fire box walls and, as it travels upward, is further
heated by both the ~ire box walls and by the wall of the
residual burniny chamber. It will now be seen that maximum
utilization of all of the elements of heat transfer, i.e.
convection, conduction, and radiation, have been realized and
that the device is deceptively simple to install and use.
More particularly the invention pertains to a heater whicl
has a combustion chamber of tent-shaped configuration. A pair
of joined and slanted walls are on the combustion chamber which
extends the entire vertical height of the heater. An outer
jacket defines the outer configuration of the heater and the
entire surface of each of the slanted walls presents a medium of
heat exchange throughout their entire exterior surfaces.
Openings are located in the base area of the outer jacket to
provide ingress for clean air at the base edge of each of the
slanted walls. The base edges terminate at the lower limit of
the outer jacket and adjacent to the openings, thereby
presenting to clean air entering immediate heating and immediate
upward convection to heated air outlet means. Additional

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heating surface means are provided for transmitting heat to
clean air, the additional heating surface means comprising an
inner jacket located inside the outer jacket in the upper area
of the heater and forming with the outer jacket a residual
burning chamber. Means are provided for sealing the interior of
the combustion chamber and the interior of the residual burnlng
chamber from clean air being heated. The sealing means illcludes
edges on the slanted walls, the edges having respective
configurations which, in cooperative sealed relationship with at
least a portion of the outer jacket and inner jacket, seal the
combustion chamber and residual chamber from clean air being
heated and further define conduit means for flow of gaseous
products of combus-tion from the combustion chamber through the
residual chamber to vent means associated with the residual
combustion chamber.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is an angular perspective view of the device.
Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section on the line A--A of
Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view of the device taken on the
line B--B of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a view of the tent or A-shaped member which
constitutes the fire box side walls.
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DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring more in detail to the drawings, the heating unit
is designated by the numeral 10 and is comprised of three
essential elements: an outer jacket 12, an inner jacket 14 and
a tent or A-shaped fire box or combustion chamber 16.
.
The outer jacket 12 defines the
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for an access door 13. The inner jacket 14 is an incomplete
cylinder, having separated end edges 15 and 15' which are cut
at an angle to the vertical to conform to the slanted walls of
the fire box or combustion chamber 16 to which they are attached
as will later be described.
In the preferred embodiment, the jackets 12 and 14 are de-
scribed as cylindrical, and the fire box as A- or tent shaped.
The invention is not limited to these specific configurations,
but within the scope of the claims, may be of other designs suited
to various places of installation. For example, the jackets 12
and 14 may be rectangular.
These three elements, the outer and inner jackets 12 and 14
and the tent or A-shaped fire box 16 are secured together to form
an integral unit 10, movable and installable as a unit. Three
separate interior areas or chambers are formed, a combustion cham-
ber 16, a residual burning chamber 18 and a pair of clean air
passageways 20 and 21. The upper and lower ends, 17 and 19 re-
spectively, close the toroidal residual burning chamber 18.
The manner in which these elements are assembled and attach-
ed to each other is unique to the invention and an essential partof it~ A heater is produced that is deceptively simple to install
and operate, and yet produces heat with extremely high efficiency.
Because of the manner later described of attachment of the
walls of the fire box to inner and outer jackets, the base edges
22 and 24 coincide with the openings 26 and 28, so that air
entering these openings is immediately heated, and immediately
convected upward.
All attachments to be described are attachments that afford
air tight seals to insure complete separation of combustion gases
and the medium being heated r which in this specific instance is
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For purposes of this description, the edges of the slanted
walls 30 and 30' of the fire box will be designated first edge,
second edge, third edge and fourth edge reading
counterclockwise. The first edge 34 is integral throughout its
length and is secured throughout its len~th to the interior
surface of the outer jacket 12. See 35 in Fig. 3. The upper
portion of the second edge is cut away to form a shoulder 36, an
upper segment 38 and a lower segment 40. The upper segment 3~
is secured to one of the separated edges of the inner jacket 14.
See 37 in Fig. 3. The lower segment 40 is secured to the inner
surface of the outer jacket 12. The second separated edge of
the partial cylinder or inner jacket 14 is secured to an outer
face of the fire box wall 30 as shown at 31 in Figure 3. The
angle to the vertical of each of the segments described is
designed to meet and be secured to the walls o inner jacket 14,
and outer jacket 12. The curve of the inner jacket may be
modified so that the width of the upper end element is widened
to accommodate a final vent 49.
The upper portions of the third and fourth edges have been
cut away to form shoulders 48 and 48', upper segments 50 and 50'
and lower segments 52 and 52'. The upper segments 50 and 50'
are secured to the inner jacket 14 (see 53 and 53' in Fig. 3).
The last named lower segments 52 and 52' are secured to the
inner surface of the outer jacket. The inner jacXet 14 rests on
and is supported by the shoulders 36, 48 and 48'. The manner of
attachment of the separated ends of the inner jacket to, first
the segment 38, and second to the outer surface of the fire box
at 31, provides commun~icatiQn between first box and residual
burning chamber. At the same time complete sealing of the clean
air passage from the burning materials is insured.
Materia]s used in manufacture may be cast iron, sheet steel
- or any other heat resistant material.
While the invention is shown and described in connection
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with one form for illustrative, rather than restrictive
purposes~ it is obvious that changes and modifications may be
made by those skilled in the art without departing from the
scope and spirit of the invention as defined in the accompanying
claims:
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