Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
~1~6S~'~
-- 1 --
This invention relates to a new deodorant or anti-
perspirant stick composltion.
Antiperspirant or deodorant stick~ have been
known for quite some tLme. Prior to 1965, antiperspirant~
could not be successfully incorporated into sticks. At this
time, they were sold primarily as liquid compo~ltions. The
reason ~or thls i~ that the then-known gel materials, such
as sodium stearate alcohol soaps~ were not compatible with
the alumlnum chlorhydroxide.
With the advent o~ the fluorocarbon propellant
controversy in 1974, roll-ons and sticks a~ain began to
appear in greater numbers. At this time antipersplrant
sticks were re-introduced containing astringent composition~
such as aluminum chlorhydroxide. These sticks are based on
waxes and volatile silicone~ and have a 30apy recl~ have
low structural integrity, and are le~s effective antiper-
8pirant3 than liquids or roll-on3 because the active as-
trin~ent salt ls trapped in the oil as an inactive, undis-
solved powder.
It was, therefore, surprising to dlscover that a
simple, economical and highly effective ~ntiperspirant and/
or deodorant gel or stick composition could be formed
utilizing amylose a3 the primar~ gelling agent~ Amylo~e
is compatible with the acidic type salts utilized in a~-
tringent antiperspir~nt compositions and form~ an aqueous
get which has good cosmetic ch~racteristic~ and feel. This
composition comprises from 2.5-15~ by weight amylose, 0-10
~d
-- 2 --
by welght perfume, 0-5~ by welght dye, 0.15-30~ by weight
actLve antiperspir~nt or deodorant, and the b~lance water.
The present Lnvention is generally aimed at pro-
viding a simple and inexpensive but hlghly efficacious
antiperspirant or deodorant stick composition.
The present invention, thereforet provides a stick
composition for a m~terial to be applied to a surface by
rubbing the applicator sver the ~urface, said appllcator in-
cluding from 2.5-15~ by weight amylose wherein the amylose
0 i3 present as starch havlng an amylose content of 50-100~
by weight, from 0.05-30~ by weight of ~n active agent selec-
ted from antiperspirant astringent saltsJ deodorant cornpo-
sitions~ or mixtures thereof, from 0-15~ by weight of a cos-
metlc addition such as a perfume or a coloring agent, and
the balance water.
Features and advantages of this composition will
become apparent from the followingJ more detailed descrip-
tion thereof.
The stick application composition of the present
20 invention, which applies active material by rubbing over a
surface in general includes a gelllng agent, an actlve agent
selected from the group consisting of antiper~pirant as-
tringent salts and deodorants, one or more optional ingre-
dients such as perfume or a dye, and the balance water.
A~ylose is utilized as the primary gelling agent
in the composition of the present invention. It is known
that amylose will form a firm gel. These amylose gels
have been used as carriers ~or perfumes which slowly dif-
fuse into the air. Amylose, or linear starch, is a natural~
~65i~i
3 -
ly occurring fraction ln almost all starches. Amylose ge-
nerally occurs in a percentage of from 20~70~ by welght of
the total ~tarch, with the balance being branch-chain starch
or amylopectin. Substantially any source o~ amylose can be
utllized so long as the ~inal amylose content of the compo-
sition is within the range of 2.5-15~ amylose. It is parti-
cularly preferred to utilize sources o~ amylose havlng a
high percentage of amylo~e. Starches having a high percen-
tage of amylopectin result 1n compositions which are softer,
lO less desirable gels. This is because the amylopectin ha~
substantially no gelling properties and because it acts to
thicken the composition makin~ proper cooling and process-
ing of the amylose difficult.
Although suitable antiperspirant/deodorant sticks
can be formed utiliæing amylose content of from 2.5-15~, it
is pre~erred to use from 4-lO~ by weight amyloseJ and most
preferred to utilize from 5-7~ by weight amylose. Further,
it ~s preferred to use as a source o~ amylose a starch hav-
ing an amylose content o~ 50-100% by weight and especlally
20 from 65-lOV~ by weight.
As the active lngredient in the sticks of the pre-
sent invention, substantially any conventional, cosmetically
acceptable antiperspirant composition or astringent salt canbe
utilized. Some suitable astringent salts include aluminum
salts, such as aluminum chloride; alum, especially aluminum
alum; aluminum acetate, ~lumlnum bromide; aluminum nitrate;
aluminum chlorhydroxide; propyleneglycol complexes o~ alu-
13 ~6S2~D
minum chlorhydroxide; aluminum bromohydroxide; and mixturesthereof; ~irconium salts~ such as zirconium chlorlde~ zir-
conium chlorhydroxide, propyleneglycol complexes of zlrcon-
lum chlorhydroxide, zirconium acetate, zirconium bromide,
zirconium nitrate, alumlnum zirconium pentachlorohydrate~
and mixtures thereof; and other cosmetically acceptable
metal salts, such as magnesium or zinc salts, may be utilized
as antiperspirant ingredients. Preferred materials include
aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorhydroxide, zirconium
10 chlorhydroxide, propyleneglycol complexe~ of ammonium chlor-
hydroxide, propyleneglycol complexes of zirconium chlor-
hydroxide, and mlxtures thereof.
Further, any of the standard cosmetically-accept-
able deodorant compos itions may also be utilized. These
materials may be used either alone or in combination with
the antipersplrant material. Generally, deodorant composi-
tions are bacteric~des which act by reducing the ~mount of
b~cteria pre~ent in the skin.
The astringent salt may be present in an amount of
20 from 1-30~ by weight and preferably from 5-25~ by ~eight.
It is surprising that ~irm gels may be formed from composi-
tions including ~uch high percentages Or salt. When an
astringent salt is used as the active agent, it is most
preferred that the s~lt content be within the range of
10-25~ by weight. When deodorant compositions, such as
bactericides, are incorporated, it is most preferred that
the deodorant content be within the range of 0.05-5% by
-- 5 --
weight, and preferably from 0. lV~ by weight. The prefer-
red embodiment o~ the present invention uses a~tringent
salts alone as the actlve ingredient of the compo~ition.
The compositions of the present invention use
aqueous solutions of the astringent material so that substan-
tlally all the astringent i5 present in the active solubi~
lized ~orm. This should be contrasted with the prior prac-
tice wherein the prior art sticks use oil-based gels and,
therefore, incorporated the astringent acti~e material in
10 the composition in the inactive solid particulate form.
The composition of the present invention also
may optionally include a suitable amount of perfume~ i.e.,
up to 10~ by weight, and preferably from Or 25-8~, to add
cosmetic appeal to the product.
A large number of optional ingredients may also
be added. The opkional ingredients lnclude a number o~
well-known cosmetic additions which improve the cosmetic
feel and acceptability of the composition. While these
ingredients are not essential to make an operable composi-
20 tion, they do enhance the overall ~ppeal o~ a composition.
Suitable option~l ingredient include propylene glycol;
gl~cerineg sorbitol derivatives; the so-called emollient
esters, such as isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate,
2-ethyl hexyl isostearate7 and the like; oll~, such as
mineral oil, etc.; higher alcohols~ such as cetyl alcohols,
ethoxylated alcohol~, etc.; lanolin derivative~ including
ethoxylated lanolin; waxes; silicone oils; and powders
-- 6 --
6uch as talc. The above materials may be present in a total
amount of from 0-7~ o~ the compo~itlon to improve the cos-
metic feel o~ the composition. As the gels of the present
invention are sub3tanti~11y white and colorle3s~ it i8 not
neces6ary to add a coloring agent. However, ~or some ~ppli-
cstions, this may be desirable and from 0.5~ by weight of
co~metically ~cceptable coloring agent, such as a dye or
pigment, can be used.
The bulk Or the compositlon of the present inven-
10 tion i9 water. Substantially any water may be utilized,although dionized water is preferred.
The gels o~ tha present invention may be prepared
in the ~ollowing mar~er: An aqueouq solution or dispersion
of the active ingredient is mixed with the amylose at high
temperatures, l.e., in the neighborhood o~ from 300-340F.,
at pressure of from 60-190 p8ig for from 0.5-5 minutes to
cook the amylose. The cooked mixture is then mixed with
su~ficient cool water to bring the composition to the de-
sired final amylose content. The pigment and dye are added
20 at this point, and the composition is placed in appropriate
containers. A preferred method of cooking the Qmylose mix-
ture is to use a ~et cooker ~hich is avallable from National
Starch.
The composition of the present invention will now
be illu~trated by way of the following examples, which are
for the purpose of illustration only and are in no way to be
construed QS limlting.
6 5 Z
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EXAMPLE 1
_
An ~ntiperspirant gel composltion having the ~ol-
lowing compo~ition was prepared by jet cooking the amylose
in the presence of khe aluminum chlorhydroxide for about 1
minute at 155C~ at 50 psi with about 20% of the WQter ~f
the composition. The ~et-cooked starch was quenched to
about 60-75C. with the balance of water to give approxi-
mately 7~ starch. The eomposition i~ then cooled to frQm
60-65C. and blended with the perfume and preservatlve and
filled into tubular packageæ. The compositi~n is then
10 cooled to room temperature.
Starch* (85~ amylose) 7.0~ r
Methylparacept 0.10
Aluminum chlorhydroxide 7.0
Perfume-preservative QS
Water QS t~ 100.00
*-potato starch from Avebe Veendam Holland
The above antiperspiran~ compo~ition, when pre-
pared~ gave a strong gel having good cosmetic properties.
EXAMPLES 2-3
-
ExQmple 1 waæ repeated except that the amylo~e
and aluminum chlorhydr~te levels were as æhown below:
Amylose ~~
Aluminum chlorhydrate 3.8 5,55
Water~ per~ume and pigment QS QS
100. 0 100. 00
The gels were sufficiently rigid to be sel~-
5~,
- 8 --
supporting in a tubular ~tick push-up type container, and
the sur~ace abraded away suf~iciently on contact with the
skin to dispense the astrinKent salt.
EXAMPLE 4
A slurry containlng 41.7~ water, 41.7~ aluminum
chlorhydroxide and 16.6% ~mylose was fed into a ~ational
Starch Jet Cooker. The slurry Wa8 cooked at 300F. and at
a back pressure of 50 psi with a quench H~O flow of 8~. The
cook time wa~ about 45 seconds. The product was quenched
10 with water to 180F. The product cooled and a small amount
of pigment and perfume were added. The product was 20~
nonvolatile~ containing 5.7~ amylo~e and 14.3~ aluminum
chlorhydroxide. The product was self-supporting and suf-
ficient surfAce abraded away in contact with the skin to
dlspense the ~stringent s~lt.
EXAMPLES 5-10
A slurry contalning 41.5~ water, 41.5~ hluminum
chlorhydroxide and 17~ amylose was fed into a National
Starch Jet Cooker and co~ked as in Example 4, except that
20 the flow was varied as shown below to obtain samples with
varying levels of non-volatiles. Perfume, pigment and pro-
pylene glycol were added as shown.
65~
~ .
~ U~ ~
a;u~ L~ ~ ~ o o
b~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~1
P~
a)
h O O O O O O
Q)
a) ~
~J O O C O
C~
o4'
P~
.~ r
H
`E!R ~
cc ~ J 2 ~u N N O
q)
O ~
X X
u~ ~ O u~ O
O O`~ .1 h e h
> 11~ U~ CO ao o o ~, h ~,
U~ O O O
O ~1 0 --I
~ ,C ~1 .C'
,. ~ ~ ~ Q) e
~ ~ . . . . . . O ~ ~
o ~o o ~ ~ ~ ~
o ~1 ~ ~
l l l
o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ r
xu~ O
r-~
-- 10 --
Each o~ the foregoing composltions was sufficiently
rigid to be self-supporting and had acceptable cosmetic feel.
The samples wlth the propylene glycol had ~lightly improved
cosmetic acceptability.
EXAMPLE 11 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1
The procedure of Example 4 was fullowed, except
thAt the flow was varied to give non-volatiles a~ shown be-
low and no quench water was used. The amylose and 3alt were
cooked in the presence of all the water. The gel strength
10 was tested with a Marine Colloids Gelometer.
AlCl(OH)
Total NVl Amylose NVl x2 Nvl Gel Strength
~. ~
Example 11 19.73 3.07 16.66 125
Comp. Ex. 1 13.48 2.10 11.38 T-S3
1 - NV - non-volatlles
2 - AlCl(OH)x = aluminum chlorhydroxlde
3 - T-S = too soft to measure
The gel of Example 11 was somewhat soft, but
sufficiently rigid to be self-supporting. The gel of Com-
20 paratlve Example 1 was too soft to measure and not accept-
able.
EXAMPLE 12
The following formula was prepared by cooking
the amylose, aluminum salt and water in a National Starch
Jet Cooker at 300F., a back pressure of 50 psi, 30 seconds
cooking time, and a pump speed of 320 RPM.
Amylose 5.63
Aluminum chlorhydroxide 17.82
5,~
- 11
Perfume QS
Dye QS
Water to lO0.00
The gel strength when measured as in Example ll
wa~ 580. Thls gel was tested with lO people and found
acceptable.
EXAMPLE 13
Example 12 was repeated, except Hylon 7, a 70~
amylose corn starch, was used instead of the Avebe potato
lO amylose used in Example 12. The compositlon has the fol-
lowing formula:
Aluminum chlorhydroxide 17.68
Hylon 7 9-4*
Perfume QS
Dye QS
Water to lO0.00
* - amylose content = 6.58
The gel strength was 530 and was acceptable when
tested with lO people.
EXAMPLE 14
A slurry of 7. 3 parts amylose (Avebe Potato), 50
parts of a 50~ aluminum chlorhydroxide solution and 42.7
parts of water were cooked in a National Starch Jet Cooker
at 305F. for 30 seconds. The back pressure was 50 psi
and the pump speed was 320 RPM. The exit temperature was
about 210F. The samples were collected and 1% per~ume,
O. 75% pigment, and 2~ of the following additives were
mixed in. The samples stood overnight and were tested for
6~
gel strength with a Marine Colloids gel tester.
Run Additive Gel Stren~th
A Volatile Slllcone - GE 27017~0
B Water Soluble Cetyl Alcoholl 405
C Ethoxy Propoxycetyl Alcohol2 750
D Isoprspyl Myri~tate 835
E Isopropyl Isostearate 805
F Glycerine 1005
G Propylene Glycol 1030
10 H Glycerol Monostearate 570
I Cetyl Alcohol 780
J Ethoxylated Lanolin3 240
1 - Procetyl-ethoxy cetyl
p 2 - Oxyl~
~`~ 3 - Solan-Croda
EXAMPLE 15
A slurry of amylose and water were cooked at
310F. at a back pressure of 50 p8i and a quench water flow
of 9.1~ using hot water at about 140F. The pump speed
20 was 172 RPM. A sampling o~ about 1500 ml was collected and
300 grams of dry aluminum chlorhydroxide was added with 1
gram perfume ~nd 1 gram pigment. The gels sat overnight
and, when tested, had a gel strength of 1010. The gel~
had ~ ~inal compositlon as follows:
Alumlnum chlorhydroxide 20000
Amylose 5.54
Perfume, pigment, water to 100~
~ C~enOte~ tr~ Je ~rl<
- 13 -
The gels were too hard and did not wear away
sufficiently to dispense the astrlngent salt. However, this
does show that gels can be made by adding the astringent
salt after the amylo~e is cooked.
