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Sommaire du brevet 1171399 

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  • lorsque la demande peut être examinée par le public;
  • lorsque le brevet est émis (délivrance).
(12) Brevet: (11) CA 1171399
(21) Numéro de la demande: 384632
(54) Titre français: MARTEAUX (ORGANES D'IMPACT) POUR TAMBOURS DE DEFIBRAGE (BROYEURS A ARBRE VERTICAL)
(54) Titre anglais: HAMMERS (BEATERS) FOR FIBERISING MILLS (VERTICAL SHAFT IMPACT CRUSHERS)
Statut: Périmé
Données bibliographiques
Abrégés

Abrégé anglais




ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

The invention relates to a beater, also known as
a hammer, for use in vertical shaft impact crushers, also
known as fiberiser mills, to crush asbestos ore and release
the asbestos fibers. The hammer comprises an elongated
shaft having a coupling end and a free end opposite the
coupling end, and a wear resitant head adjacent the free
end of the shaft and extending along a major portion there-
of towards the coupling end. This two-piece construction
enables one to select for the shaft a material providing
the necessary tensile strength and elongation independently
of the material used for the wear resistant head to provide
the necessary hardness and wear resistance required for
the hammer head.

Revendications

Note : Les revendications sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.





The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive
property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:-

1. A hammer also known as a beater for use in
vertical shaft impact crushers also known as fiberiser
mills, for the production of asbestos fibers, said hammer
comprising an elongated shaft having a coupling end and a
free end opposite said coupling end, and a wear resistant
head adjacent said free end of said shaft and extending
along a major portion thereof towards said coupling end.

2. A hammer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said
shaft further has a head section adjacent said free end
and a support section contiguous to said head section, and
wherein said wear resistant head extends entirely over said
head section of said shaft.

3. A hammer as claimed in claim 2, wherein said
head section of said shaft gradually tapers towards said
coupling end so as to assist said wear resistant head to
remain attached to said shaft.

4. A hammer as claimed in claim 3, wherein said
wear resistant head tapers towards said coupling end of
said shaft.
5. A hammer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said
wear resistant head has a rectangular cross-section and is
provided with two longitudinally extending grooves, one on
each of opposed outer surfaces of said wear resistant head,
said grooves being each disposed on a respective surface
so as to provide a respective working impact surface.



6. A hammer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said
shaft is made of a material having a tensile strength of at
least 20 tons per square inch and an elongation of at least
8%.
7. A hammer as claimed in claims 1 or 6, wherein
said wear resistant head is made of a material having a
hardness of at least 350 Brinnell.
8. A hammer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said
shaft is made of spheroidal graphite cast iron having a
tensile strength of 27 tons per square inch and an elongation
of 12%.

9. A hammer as claimed in claim 1, made by first
casting said shaft, then casting onto said cast shaft said
wear resistant head and thereafter stress relieving the
resulting hammer at a temperature of 450°C for about 8 hours.



Description

Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.


1~7~L3~9

The present invention relates to hammers of the
type used in fiberising mills for the production of asbestos
fibers.
Hammers of such type generally have an elongated
shaft provided at a free end thereof with a head adapted
to crush asbestos rocks. The shaft must have sufficient
tensile strength to withstand the revolutionary force to
which it is normally subjected (for example, an average
of 1 000 rpm on a 4 feet radius) while having sufficient
elongation to withstand the shock it receives from the
continuous barrage of rocks being crushed. A minimum
elongation is required in order to overcome the shock and
thus prevent breakage of the shaft. On the other hand,
the head itself must be of sufficient hardness to withstand
the continuous abrasion to which it is subjected. One
therefore, requires a wear-resistant material for the head
so as to provide maximum working life.
In existing hammers, the shaft and head are cast
as a one-piece tool made of only one materialO To ensure
the shaft does not fracture in operation, a material having
sufficient elongation and tensile strength is selected.
This material has a low hardness and wear resistance because
of the properties it was selected for, resulting in the
rapid wear of the head. As a result of such rapid wear,
the hammers have to be changed at short intervals resulting
in high stoppage time and manhours.
It is the object of this invention to obviate
to the above problem and to provide a hammer which has a
much greater working life and thus saves stoppage time and
manhours. The hammer must therefore overcome the clash


,,; ~

~7~399~

between the requirements of tensile strength and elongation
and those of hardness and wear resistance.
In accordance with the present invention, there is
thus provided a hammer for use in fiberising mills for the
production of asbestos fibers, comprising an elongated
shaft having a coupling end and a free end opposite the
coupling end, and a wear resistant head adjacent the free
end of the shaft and extending along a major portion thereof
towards the coupling end.
A hammer in accordance with the invention is
therefore a two-piece construction in which the wear
resistant head extends along a major portion of the shaft.
This two-piece construction enables one to use on the one
hand any material which provides the necessary tensile
strength and elongation to the shaft and, on the other hand,
any material which provides the necessary hardness and wear
resistance to the wear resistant head.
A preferred embodiment of the invention will now
be described in greater detail with reference to an example
thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in
which:
Figure 1 is a side elevation view of a hammer for
use in the production of asbestos fibers, according to the
prior art;
Figure lA is an end elevation view of the hammer
illustrated in Figure 1:
Figure 2 is a part sectional side elevation view
of a hammer according to a preferred embodiment of the
invention,
Figure 2A is an end elevation view of the hammer
illustrated in Figure ~;

~:17~399

Figure 3 is a side elevation showing the shaft
used in the embodiment represented in Figure 2, and
Figure 3A is an end elevation view of the shaft
illustrated in Figure 3.
Referring first to Figure 1, there is shown a
prior art hammer which consists of a one-piece cast tool
comprising an elongated shaft 10 and a head 12. The other
end 16 of the shaft serves as a coupling end and is provided
with an eyelet 18 for coupling the shaft 10 to drive means
(not shown) adapted to rotate the hammer. As best shown
in Figure lA, the head 12 is rectangular in cross-section
and is provided with two longitudinally extending grooves
20 and 20', one on each of the opposed surfaces 22 and 22'.
The grooves 20 and 20' are located on the surfaces 22 and 22'
so as to provide two working impact surfaces 20,24 and
20~,24~ Since the shaft 10 and the head 12 are one-piece
cast and are thus made of the same cast material which
cannot meet at the same time the necessary requirements of
tensile strength and elongation for the shaft and those of
hardness and wear resistance for the head, the head wears
rapidly resulting in frequent stoppage and high manhours.
In order to overcome this problem, the wear
resistant head is made secured over the shaft, thereby
enabling one to select for the wear resistant head a material
providing the necessary hardness and wear resistance inde-
pendently of the material used for the shaft to provide the
necessary tensile strength and elongation. ~hus, in the
preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 2,
a wear resistant head 112 is provided which is secured over
a major portion of the shaft 102. The shaft 102 has a

~7I399

coupling end 104 provided with an eyelet 106, an inwardly
tapering ~ead section 108 adjacent its free end and a straight
support section 110 contiguous to the head section 108, as
best shown in Figure 3, the head section 108 gradually
tapers towards the coupling end 104 so as to assist the
wear resistant head 112 to remain attached to the shaft.
me wear resistant head 112 which extends entirely over the
head section 108 of the shaft defines the hammer head.
As shown in Figure 2A, the wear resistant head
112 has substantially the same cross-sectional con~iguration
as the prior art head 12 illustrated in Figure lA, and is
thus rectangular in cross-section and is similarly provided
with two longitudinally extending grooves 116 and 116' one
on each of the opposed outer surfaces 118 and 118', The
grooves 116 and 116' are disposed on the surfaces 118 and
118' so as to also provide two working impact surfaces
116,120 and 116',120'. The head section 108 of the shaft
has a cross-section of substantially the same configuration
as the wear resistant head 112 and is provided with two
longitudinally extending grooves 122 and 122', as best
shown in Figure 3A. The head section 108 is symmetrically
disposed within the wear resistant head 112, the ~aper of
the head secti~n 108 of the shaft assisting in the anchorage
of the wear resistant head 112 onto the shaft 102.
As already mentioned, the shaft may be made of any
material which provides the necessary tensile strength and
elongation and the head of any material which provides the
necessary hardness and wear resistance. With respect to
the known required properties, the shaft 102 should have a
tensile strength of at least 20 tons per square inch and an
,~


~ - 4 -

~17~3~9

elongation of at least 8%.
On the other hand, the wear resitant head 112
should have a hardness of at least 350 Brinnell. As examples
of suitable materials, one may use for the shaft spheroidal
graphite cast iron having a tensile strength of 27 tons per
square inch and an elongation of 12% and, for thé wear
resistant head, Ni-hard cast iron type 2-hi strength
(ASTM specification A532 1 - 13) with a Brinell hardness
of 550.
Using the above materials, a hammer as illustrated
in Figure 2 was made by first casting the shaft 102 and then
casting thereonto the wear resistant head 112, according
to the conventional casting procedures for the materials
utilized. The resulting hammer was thereafter stress
relieved at 450C for 8 hours. This treatment overcomes
the stresses that were induced in the shaft when the wear
resistant head was cast onto the shaft. The hammer so
manufactured has proven to be very successful in that it has
a life tirne of up to five times longer that any known or
existing hammer, while marketed at a competitive price.




- 5 -

Dessin représentatif

Désolé, le dessin représentatatif concernant le document de brevet no 1171399 est introuvable.

États administratifs

Pour une meilleure compréhension de l'état de la demande ou brevet qui figure sur cette page, la rubrique Mise en garde , et les descriptions de Brevet , États administratifs , Taxes périodiques et Historique des paiements devraient être consultées.

États administratifs

Titre Date
Date de délivrance prévu 1984-07-24
(22) Dépôt 1981-08-26
(45) Délivré 1984-07-24
Correction de l'état expiré 2001-07-25
Expiré 2001-08-26

Historique d'abandonnement

Il n'y a pas d'historique d'abandonnement

Historique des paiements

Type de taxes Anniversaire Échéance Montant payé Date payée
Le dépôt d'une demande de brevet 0,00 $ 1981-08-26
Titulaires au dossier

Les titulaires actuels et antérieures au dossier sont affichés en ordre alphabétique.

Titulaires actuels au dossier
CONOLLY, ROBERT C.
Titulaires antérieures au dossier
S.O.
Les propriétaires antérieurs qui ne figurent pas dans la liste des « Propriétaires au dossier » apparaîtront dans d'autres documents au dossier.
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Description du
Document 
Date
(yyyy-mm-dd) 
Nombre de pages   Taille de l'image (Ko) 
Description 1993-12-08 5 199
Dessins 1993-12-08 1 43
Revendications 1993-12-08 2 60
Abrégé 1993-12-08 1 20
Page couverture 1993-12-08 1 15