Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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Method for the Detection of bis(2-chloro-
!' ethyl sulfide or bist2-chloroethyl)imine
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The invention relates to a method for the detection of
bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide or bis(2-chloroethyl)imine,
according to which a chemical reagent is applied to
( the surface on which the substance to be detected is
assumed to be present and the radiation thus generated
is optically determined.
Bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide or bis(2-chloroethyl)imine is
the warfare agent LOST and is usually detected on surfaces
using indicators contained in paper or powder. LOST is
also detected by gas chromatography after extraction from
the surface. Moreover, color reactions are known which
take place in aqueous or organic solutions. These reactions
are carried out in test tubes.
The German Patent No. 29 47 459 describes a device for
in-situ detection of precipitates of specific known agents
consisting of phosphoric esters. Upon addition of insole,
these compounds exhibit a chemical luminescence which
can be detected without contact by means of an optical
detector. However, this reaction is not applicable to
the chemical warfare agent LOST.
The object of this invention is, therefore, to provide
a method for the detection of LOST which can be easily
realized.
This object can be achieved according to the invention
with a method comprising using a distaff being capable
,
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of fluorescing and forming an adduce with bis(2-chloroethyl)-
sulfide or bis(2-chloroethyl)lmine, said adduce being
capable of fluorescing in a spectral range different from
that of said distaff. Preferably, a triphenyl methane
distaff, especially neutral red, guinea green B, lissamine
green B or brilliant blue R, is used as distaff. These
distaffs are applied from aqueous/organic or organic
solutions onto the surface on which the warfare agent
is assumed to be present. The amount of distaff in the
solution is between 0.001 and 0.5 weight percent, preferably
between 0.01 and 0.1 weight percent.
( According to the invention, distaffs having a reactive center
are used which affect or decompose LOST nucleophilically or
electrophilically, or LOST is fixed by adsorption under
confirmational change, or LOST is incorporated in an inclusion
compound. Thereby, the characteristic fluorescence of the
distaff is changed.
The wavelength of the excitation is preferably between 300
and 400 no. The wavelength of the emission is preferably
between 380 and 500 no. Mixtures of water and alcohol, water
and acetone or water and dim ethyl formamide, or also alcohol,
acetone or hexane without addition of water are preferably
used as solvents for the distaff. Especially triphenyl
methane distaffs are used as chemical reagents.
The invention is explained in more detail in the following
examples.
Example 1
Neutral red is dissolved in ethanol in an amount of 10
weight percent. using 5 Al sulfide-LOST, an adduce is
formed which, upon excitation with light of the wavelength
of 330 no exhibits fluorescence of a relative intensity
of 1500 at 392 no.
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Example 2
The method of example l is repeated, but in this example
Guinea green B is used as distaff. The adduce shows fluorescence
of a relative intensity of 11700 at 394 no upon excitation with
light of the wavelength of 320 no.
Example 3
Lissamine green B is dissolved in an amount of 10 3 weight
percent in a mixture of 70 percent water and 30 percent
ethanol. Using S Al LOST an adduce is formed which, upon
lo excitation with light of the wavelength of 340 no, shows
fluorescence of a relative intensity of 810 at 470 no.
Example 4
Brilliant blue is dissolved in an amount of 2 x 10 2 weight
percent in a mixture of 70 percent water and 30 percent
ethanol. The adduce obtained, upon excitation with light of
the wavelength of 370 no, shows a fluorescence of a relative
intensity of 28100 at 455 no.
