Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
201~t~42
~ C~321
CLEAN}NO COMPOSITION
~ his invention ~lates to an aqueous cleanln~
compo~ition lntended ~o be sultable for UBe undlluted in
cleaning var$ous su~face~ notably flxed sur~ace~
exempl~fled by gla s, palntwork, ~eramic tlle3, vinyl
floor$ng, ~h~omium plate, ma~ble and plastia laminates.
It is int~nded th~t rinsiny snould b~ ~nnecessary.
Existin~ ~eneral pu~pose cleaning prod~cts which
are intended for household use ~ene~ally c~e~n effeotively
~ut then need rlns~ns or ~ubgequent buff$ng to o~tain a
goo~ result, particula~ly on hl~ gloss s~faces like
glass or chrome. Exist~n~ products spec~fically for
w~ndow ~1 eaning often recommend u~ing the proauct in
lS lim~ tea quan~ity, then rubbin~ ~y with ~ ~ry cloth in
order to avoid streaks or smear~ In pr~t~ce usage is
o$ten at above th~ r~r~ n~o~ level, and r~blng
completely ~y can be diff1oult. As t~e cleanin~ ~ob
y~y~esses~ the users' ~loth will, of cours~, h~o~ wet
with soiled product solutlon absor~e~ by the ~loth. These
factors often lead to visible aeposits belng left on the
window or mlrro~.
At least ~n preferre4 forms, this invention
~eeks to prov~de a produ~t which wlll glve a sood flnish
to the surface belng cleaned despite u~a~e at higher
levels than neceRsary and/o~ incompl~te removal. I~ is
intended that no vlsible res~due shoul~ remain on the
su~face wh~ ha8 been cleaned~
~ '
20196~2
Accordlng to the present ~nventlon, the~e ls
prov~ded an aqueous cle~ning ~o~poslt~ on comprlsing:
0.1-10~ by we~sht of~ammonia or an al~anolamine
having a boil~ng point below 200nC at stmospherio pres~u~e
and 0.001 to 0.5%, better 0.001 to 0.05% of cationic
polymer having a molecular weight ove~ 5000:
in a solvent system comp~isin~ wate~ and
optionally up to 10~ by welyht of an o~ganic ~olvent whioh
~a~ a boillng point b~low 200-C at atmospheric pressu~e or
has an evaporation rate greater than 0.01 times that of
n-butyl acetate at ~0C, an~ pre~erably in~ludes an ~l~yl
group of 1 to 5 carbon atomæ, such as a propyl, butyl or
pentyl ~oup, to~ether with ~t lea~t one hydroxyl group;
the compositlon being substantially free of
lnorganio electrolyte and c~ntain$ng at ~ost 0.~% by
weight of surfactant. All ~he above percenta~es are base~
on the whole oomposition.
In thls invention, it is strongly p~eferred that
the total amount of surfaotant and any other materials
which do not boll below 200~C at atmospheric p~essure does
not ~YO~ 0.~% better 0.2~ ~y weight bas~d on the whole
compo~itlon.
P~efera~ly, the said organ~ ~olvent ls p~esent
in an amount w~$ch is at lea~t 0~05~ bette~ from 0.5 to
10% by we~ght.
Compositions of this invention have a ve~y large
proportion of oonstituents which a~e suffioiently vol~t~le
for ~es$dues of them to evapor2te from the surface. The
201 ~642
p~operty of bo~ling below 200~C at no~mal atmosphe~lo
pre~su~e of 760mm~g i~ an ~ndicator of adequat~
volat~lity.
The alternative asse~sment o~ volatil$ty by
comparison of evaporation rate with that of n-butyl
~cet8te, is a m~thod of ~ua~lng volat~llty whloh ~s
frequently used ln the solvent lndusty.
When the c~position ls applled, say with a clot~, the
bulk of the composition and solubilised soll wlll be
~emo~ed by t~e cloth w~th ~hich it i8 spplied and/or a
second cloth used subseguently. Most ~f the res~due left
on the su~face w~ll evaporate~ Polar o~anic ~ompoun~
with boilinçl polnts o~r 200 C generally do not have
suffl~ient volatility fo~ thl~: consequ~ntly the level of
them is pr~ferably very low, as stated above.
P~ef~red and essentl~l oonstltuen~s will now be
discussed.
Preferably any organlc solvent is sufflciently
water soluble to give a sin~le phas~ solvent syste~.
However, it ~s posslble to u~e a golvent of low wat8~
solubillty and include ~uffic~ent solvent that there is a
surplus of organlc solvent forming a ~eparate phas~ This
oould be ~ispersea aR an emulsion, o~ dist~ibuted through
the product by æhaking the container be~ore use.
~5 T}~e p2~Q~e~e~ olas~ of o~gan~c ~olvents a~e
t~ose ~hich havq both hydroxyl funotionali~y and an alkyl
group which i~ Cl to C5, preferably C3 to C5 alkyl. In
thls latter aa~e, of course, the solvent wll 1 pro~lde ~
201~6~2
combinatlon of -y~loph~ lio and hy~G~hob~ ~un~tlons, ~o
that pr~erre~ solvQnts bring about a lo~ering of gu~face
ten~ion as well a~ helping to so~ubllise oily soils.
The C3 to C5 alkyl group may ~e linked di~ectly
to hydroxyl as ~n the case of aliphati~ alcohols or it may
be o~nnected th~o~gh ~ llnk~ ng group cont~ining ~oth
carbon ato~S and an atom othe~ ~han ~arbon or hyd~ogen -
usually oxygen.
8ultable as ~rganic solvent~ are those of10 st~uctural formu~a:
R-X-OH
where R 18 Cl to C$ alk~l a~d X i8 a covalent bond or
OCH2CH2
H21C
CH3
-O-CH-CH2_
CH3
-OC~H2C:H-CH2 -
OH
o
-C-O-CH2C~12-
~
-C-O-CH2-
O
_o_ `_C~2_
or even -OC2~40HC2H4- or -OC3H6 3 6
4 ~
but ln all cases aub~ect to the requlrement for ~ bolllng
polnt below ~00C.
Suit~ble so~ven~s ha~ins a formula as deflned
above include methanol, ethanol and the vario~s lsomers of
propanol, butanol an~ pentanol, 2-~LGpoxye~hanol,
~-~utoxyethanol, 2-p~ntoxye~hanol, 1-~.opGh~propan-2-ol
and
l-~utoxypropan-2-ol.
Examples of less wAter soluble ~olvent~ whlch
m~y be ~ncluded, giv~ng mo~e th~n one phase, are
paraffins, olef~ns, teL~n2s ~nd al~yl benzenes, subJect
~n each ins~ance to the r~quirement that the boil~ng point
is below 200C.
~he ammonla or alkanolam~e gerves to ~end~ the
compo~itlon alkaline, whi~h is benefic~al for cleanln~
psrformance. Al~ano~ ne~ are preferred ove~ ammonia;
the~r hyd~oxy functlon s~rves to e~An~e water so~ub~lity
and the am~no group contri~utes ~o the solubilisat~on of
polar fatty 8011~.
An ~lkanolam~e meeting the requlrement fo~
boiling point below 200'C will generally be a
monoalkanolam~ne, whose structural formula is:
R2
R -Nl3
whe~e Rl is hyd~oxy alkyl an~ R2 and R3 are (independently
of each other) ei~her hydrogen or alkyl.
2~ 1 96~2
The n~-~he~ o~ carbon a~oms in th~ groups Rl, R2,
R $g restriated by th~ requ~rement that the ~olling point
i~ not o~er 200C. ~ene~ally not more than four ~arbon
stoms will be pre~ent in total ln the groups Rl, R2 and
S ~ .
Monosthanol~mine ~8 the pre~erred oompound.
Further possib~lit~es incl~de 2-am~no 2-methyl prop~no~,
2-amlnoprGpanol, n-propanolamine,-2-amino l-butanol,
~-methyl ethanolamine and ~,N-dimethyl ethanolamine.
The amount of alkanolamlne may be up to 10% by
weight of the composi~ion~ P~efera~ly, ~t~ r, the
guantity is not ~reater than 5~, ~inCe quantitieS ln
c~s of 5% p~oduce ll~tle a~di~ional ~enefit in r~turn
for ths ex~ra ~ost. The amoun~ of al~anolamlne ~s
prefera~ly a~ least 0.5%~
The ~at~on~, polymer enhsnoe~ the ab~llty o~ ~he
compo~ition to rem~e particulats ~0~18. Without being
ted ~y our hypothesls a~ to its mo~e o~ act~on, lt is
believed th~t ~he polymer 1s sble to oauge a~y~y~tion of
part~cu~ate soil pa~tiol~s wlthout the d~ea~vantage of
cauqin~ e~ive agg~egation and interfe~enae w~th
de~e~ cy, 40r example by bind~ng the ~oil ~articles to
the surface. Presu~a~ly then the ~esulting largs~
particles are more easily pic~e~ up by a ~loth be~n~ used
~S to wipe th~ su~face be~ng ~leaned.
A varlety of cationi~ polymer~ can be used. It
i~ preferred thst the mole~ular wei~ht of the polymer ~s
at least 10,000 bet~er at least 50,000 ~ even better at
2~6~2
least 100,0~0. I~ may be 8 high mol~cula~ ~ei~ht o at
leagt 1 milli~n o~ even ~t l~ast 5 mill~on up to 20
milllon or more at the t~me of adding the polyme~ to the
camposition, althou~h there may ~e some breakdown in the
5 len~th of polymer ~ n~ in the a~mpos~tion.
Cationi~ polymers yenerally conslst ~f a
polymer~c ch~in w~ ch does not have cAtionlc charac~er,
bearlng catlonic sub~titute ~roup~.
Certain cationic polymers can lnteract with
anionic or amp~oteri~ surfactants, r~d~c~g the
effect$vene~s of both. We hav~ found that if an~o
sur~actant i~ present, wlthin the l~mit o~ 0.5% ~y weigh~
surfaatan~, then it ~s desirable to use a cation~c polymer
wlth a hydrophil~c polymer ~hain ~ . poly~c~,~rlde or
polyacrylsm~e) and not more ~han 50% (molar) cat~onic
sùbst~ tu~ion on th~ s chain. Preferably les~ ~han 3~% or
even less than ~0~ of the ~epeat units in the poly~er
chain have cationic gubstitut~on, an~ pogsibly a~ few as
10~ are 80 substituted.
If anionic ~urfactant ~8 abgent, a wide range of
ca~ionic polymers can ~e used, inclu~ing cationi~ polymers
~sed on hyd~ophobic polymer ~hains such ag polye~hylene
or polymethylene.
Cationia polymers whi~h may ~e used ~n
comp~s~tlon~ of this invention include;
a) Polyacrylamides and polymethacry~amid~ made by
copolymer~ation of acrylamide or m~thacryl~mide with e.g.
~lmethylamino-ethylmsthacrylate ~follo~ed ~y
- 20 1 9642
quaternlsation wi~ d~methyl sulphate) os NN-dimethyl 3,5
methylen~ pip~r~ din~um chlor~d~. Alternat~vely,
poly~meth)acrylami~es treated w~th nlk~l~ne hyr~h~or~te
or with an amine an~ formaldehyds provi~e ca~isn~ y
su~stltuted polyacryl ~t~8.
~3 Stsrche~ treated w~th e.~. (4-chloro~utene-2)-
tr~methyl ammon$um ohloride, or ~ diethylamino ethyl
chlorlde hydrochlor~de, or dimethylam~no ethyl
methacrylat~, or 2,3-epo~yp~op~l tr~methyl ammon~um
~hloride. In partioular, ~r sums and ~.y~ro~yethyl
oellul~se~ cationised thus are ugeful.
a) ~omopoly~er o~ N,N-dimethyl-3,5 methylene
piperid~nium chloride or ethylsne imine. Polyethylene
imines and poly~mine~ d~monstrate u~eful cationio
cha~ 6~ Up to pH's of ~-~l which are prefe red for this
invention.
It is a~vanta~eou~ for compoe~t~ons of this
invent~on to ~ n~ e some dete~e..~ aotl~e. However,
beaau~e of the ~nte~d~d use wlthout r~s~, the ~uantity
~0 o~ d~ ~e ~ nt aative ie restriate~ to at most ~5% by
wel~ht of the co.~oaitlon, e.~. 0.~1 to 0.~, p~e~erably
not over 0.2~, while inorg~nic electrolyte ls
sub~tantlally absent~
Detsr~snt actives which are used may be c~osen
from the convention~1 class~, that ~s to ~ay anion~c,
nonloni~, cat~onic and amphoteric detergents and ~ixtures
thereof. Anion~c detergent ~cti~ss are prsferred for ~e
sa~e af their good deter~ency, b~t as stated above, so~e
2~19642
cat~onic polymer~ c~nnot be u~ed with ~n$onic de~r~ents,
~or which reason nonionio detergent active may b~
preferred, In general, anlonlc, catlonl~ and ampho~eric
deter~ent acti~es cont~in an alkyl group of 8 to 22 aarbon
atoms, or an alkyl aromatio g~oup with ~ to 14 carbon
atoms in the alkyl portlon, and a char~ed hea~ group.
Speciflo possibilltles for ~n~onlc detergent
act~v~s are so~lum C10 12 alkyl be~ns sulphonates and
~o~ium ~1~ 15 syn~hetic alcohol 3EO ~ulph3tes. C10 16
secon~ry alkane sulphonates are f~ther pos81bilities.
Nonionlo dete~ent aotives m~y be compounds
produced by the ~ondensation of alkylene oxide groups,
which are hydrophll$c in nature, wi~h an organio
hydrophobic cG,.~ound whlch may b~ aliphAt~o o~ alkyl
a~omatio in nature. The length of the hydrophilla o~
polyoxyalkylene radioal whio~ i8 oonden~ea with any
parti~ul~r hydrophobic group oan be a~usted to y~eld a
wate~-solu~le ~omr~n~ h~ving the des~red aog~ee of
balance between hydrophllic an~ ~yd~ophohic elements.
Partloular examples inclu~e the conden~ation product of
aliphatlc alcohols having f~om 8 to 22 oarbon a~oms in
either ~tr~lght or branche~ chaln configuration with
ethylene oxi~e, such 3s a coqonut oll ethylene oxide
contensate hsvln~ from 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxlde per
2S mol~ of cooonut alcohol, and cond~n~ates of ~ynthet~o
prim~ry or seoondary aloohols hav~ n~ 8 to 15 oar~on atomg
with 3 to 12 moles of ethylene oxlde per mols o~ the
synthet~o alcohol: also condensates of alkylphenol8 whose
~ 0 ~ 2
alkyl group contain~ from 6 to 12 carbon ato~s wlth S to
25 moles o~ ethylene oxlde per ~ole of alkylph~nol.
~u~h~r example~ o~ nonion~c s~rfactants are con~n.~te~
of the reaction product of ethylenedlam~ne and y~o~ylene
ox~de with ethylene ox~de, the con~ tes ~ont~ n~ from
40 to 80~ of polyoxy~thylene ~a~ica~ by w~i~ht ~nd having
a mole~u~ar wei~ht of from S,000 to 11,000; also ~lock
copolymer~ ~f ~thylene ox~d~ and propylene oxide.
Nonionic ~eter~ent a~tives may be compoun~s
containi~ a C8 ~o C22 alkyl group and a polar hea~ ~roup
(which may o~ may not ~e pro~i~e~ by alkylene oxi~e
residues). ~r~s are tert~ary amine ~t~5 o~ ~o~mu~
RRlRlNO
where the g~oup R 1~ an alkyl group of 8 to 18 carbon
atoms a~d the groups Rl are èach methyl, ethyl or
hydroxyethy~ groups, for instance dimethy~o~e~vylamine
oxide; ~lycosi~e~ or poly~ly~,o~ G~ .ifie~ wlth at
least ~ne C8-C22 alkyl ~-oup or ~s~e~f$ed with at least
one C8-C22 fatty acyl group: fatty a~d alkylol~mid~s; and
alkylene oxlde ~n~An~te~ o4 f~t~y ac~d alkylol~mides.
Mlxturss of two or more nonionlc de~e,~c..t
ac~i~es ~an ~e employe~, as ~an mixtu~es of ~o~ tc and
anionlc detergent acti~es.
The ~ n~o~ atile constitu~n~s of a compo~ition of
25 this lnvention wlll be the de~er~3nt act~ vel and cat~ onic
polymer i~ thes~3 are u~ed, toyether with part of an~
perfu~e if used. An approximate wor~ing rule ~8 that-half
of a conventional perfume will clas~ as invola~lle. It is
2~1~642
very desl~ble t~at not ~ore than 0.5~ by weight o~ the
~ slti~n, p~efer~y not more tha~ 0.2~ ~ 8 provi~ed by
suCh involatlles.
The o~ ttlons of th~g inven~lon can ~e
S prepa~ed by simply mi~in~ their con~tituents into
dl~tilled or d~ ed water, e.g. in a m~ vesse~ wi~h
a ~tirrer.
EXAMP~ES
The ~n~ention is illustrated by the following
Example~ of ~ -L~ition~ (~n~luding some ~o~ra~lve
Examplss outsiae the invent~on). All percent~geg are by
we~ht. The nonionic detergent was ~9 to Cl1 synthetic
al~ohol ethox~l~ted w~th average 5 e~hylsne oxlde
lS res~dues. ~he aatlon~c pcl~mers uS~d were:
Poly~er Source ~pprox Approx Degree
Of
Mol. wt. Substit~tion
~% molar)
A~rylamide
Floc Aid 300 National Sta~ohlOm 2
Floc Aid 301 Nat~onal StarchlOm 7
Floo A~d 371 National S~arch~m 2.5
Cationised Guar
Jaguar C-13 Meyhall 2~+ 13
3S Polyd~methyl~iallylammon~um
~er~ua~ 100 Mer~k ~m 100
'~1 96~2
,~
Examp'~ ~ 1
~ by we~ht
Propylene gl~col monobutyl e~h~r 3.0
~on~onic det~rgent 0.1
~ationlc poly~e~ (Floa-Ald 301) 0.01
Monoethanolamine 1.0
10 Di~tilled watar bal~nce to 100
Ex~mple 2
~ by w~l~ht
15 n-Butanol 3.0
~on~oni~ detergent 0.1
~ationi~ polyme~ (Flo~-Aid 301) 0.01
20 Mo~o~th~nolamln~ 1.O
Dis~ A water b~lance to 100%
25 Example 3
~ ~Y ~el~ht
I~oy~u~anol 5-~
Nonionic dete~ent ~.15
Cationic pol~mer (Flo~-A~d 300) 0.01
30 Perf~me 0-03
Monoethanolamlne 1.O
~istille~ water ~alan~e to lO0
2~96~2
F,Y~p~e 4
% by we$~ht
Ethyl ~ellosolve 2.0
(ethylene glycol moneoeth~l ether)
S Nonionic dete~ent 0.1
Cation~C polyme~ (Floc-Aid 301) 0.01
~onoethanolam~ne 1.0
Di~tilled water balance to 100
Example A ~aom~ra~ive - dialkanolamlne~
lS ~ by wel~ht
Propylene ~lycol m~nohl~tyl ether 3.0
Nonlonl~ detergent 0.1
Cationic p~lymer (Floc-Aid 301) 0.02
Diethanola~ne 1.5
Dl~t~lled water ~alance to 100%
Example ~ (~omparative - non-valatil~ solvent~
~ ~y wei~t
Butyl digol
~4Hg-~-C2~-O-C~4-OH Bpt ~ 200~C) 5.0
30 ~onionic detergent 0.1
C~tionic polymer (Floc-Aid 301) 0.01
2-methyl 2-amino propanol 1.0
2~19~2
Example C (compa~atl~e - ino~ganic alkalln~ electrolyte)
~ ~y wel~ht
Propylene gly~ol monobutyl et~er 3.0
Nonionlc detergent 0.1
S Sodlum oarbonate 1.5
~atlonlc polymer (Floo-Ald 301) 0.0
Example S
~ ~y wei~ht
Propylen~ glycol monob~tyl et~r 2.5
~on~onlc detergent 0.2
Monoethanolamine 6.0
Cationlc pol~mer (Flo~-Aid 301~ 0.01
Example ~
% by we~ht
P~opylena glycol monobutyl ~ther 2.5
20 Nonlonio de~e~ent 0.2
2-methyl 2-amino propanol 6.0
Cationlc polymer (Floc-Aid 301) 0.01
201~642
Example D (comparative - high non~onic)
% ~y wei~ht
F~hyl csllosolve 2.0
(sthylene glyool monoethylether3
5 Nonioni~ detergen~ 0.8
Monoethanolamln~ 1.O
Cationio polymer (Floc-Aid 301) 0.01
Example E ~oomparative - alkali absent)
% by w~l~ht
Propylene g~ycol ~onobutyl ether 3.0
Nonioni~ detergent 0.1
Cationic polymsr (Floc - Ai~ 301) 0.01
15 Distillsd water bal~nce ~o 100
Ex~mpls 7 (ammonia a-Q fugitive alkall)
~ by welgh~ -
20 P~opylene glyool monobutyl ether 3.0
Nonionic deteraen~ 0.1
Ammonia O.S
Catlonio pol~mer (Flo¢-Ald 301) 0.01
Pistilled watsr balanoe to 100%
~A~3 1 9642
~m~!e 8 (~olvent absent)
% by weiqht
Monoethanolam~ne 1.0
N4n~0n~c deter~ent 0.1
Cat~on~c polymer (Floc-~id 301) 0.01
Dlstilled water bala~ce to 100
~ rle 9
% ~y wei~t
Methoxypropoxypropanol 3~0
Non~onic ~eterg~nt 0.1
Monoethanolamine 1.0
~ationic polyme$ (Floc-Ai~ 301) 0.01
15 D~stilled water b~lance to 100%
Example 10
% by weiaht
M~thoxypropanol ~propylene ~lycol ~ther) 3.0
Moneoth~nol~ine 1,0
Nonioni~ detergent 0.1
Cat~onlc polymer (Floc-Ai~ 301~ 0.01
~i~ti~led water balan~e to 100
Th~ compos~tions of the Examples were teRted for
ætreaking brought a~out by com~onents of the aomposit~o~
and for ~ffec~veness in oleaning.
17 20~ q64~
Streaking is assessed sub;ectively on high gloss
black-coloured ceramic tiles which have been wiped over
with a sponge cloth loaded with a standard amount of
formulation. The liquid film is allowed to evaporate
before assessment is made. High gloss black tiles are a
very discriminating surface for judgement of streaking and
product residues.
Effectiveness was assessed using ceramic floor
tiles soiled with either a predominantly fatty or a
predominantly particulate soil. Soiled tiles were
prepared by a combination of spraying of soil components
from a solvent solution/suspension, followed by rubbing of
soil into the surface to obtain an even coverage which
cannot be easily wiped off with a dry cloth.
To assess cleaning performance, 3 drops of
composition were applied to the soiled surface, allow~d ~o
soak for lO seconds, then wiped off with a dry paper
tissue.
The predominantly fatty soil consisted of 5
parts kaolin, 0.2 parts carbon black, 19 parts of glycerol
trioleate and 1 part oleic acid. This represents a model
for kitchen and bathroom soil. The predominantly
particulate soil consisted of 8 parts Illite clay, 0.1
parts carbon black and 2 parts glycerol trioleate; this is
a model for the soils found on floors and windows.
The results are expressed as a ranking of
performance, l representing the standard achieved by
Example 1, 1+ representlng an even better result, 1-
~01 9642
18
res~n~lng ~ htly inf~rior re~ult, an~ ~he ~alues ~,
3 and 4 repre,sentlng progr~si-Jely i~ferlor al~n~n5~.
Con~ ant:ly th~ ~c:ale is:
t 1
Wor~t
Resuit6:
Ex~mple No S~roakin~ F~ ;y Soi~ P~rt~ atR
~oil
Non~ 1 1
2 None 1~ 1
3 Non~ 1 3
4 tIone 1 2
A Ve~y ~ igh~ 1- 2
13 Stx~ky 3 3
~0 C SliçJht 2 2
Sl~ht 1~
None 1~ 1
D Very st~reaky
E Non~ 3 4
2 5 7 None 1 1-
Versr sli~ht 1 2
g Very slight
Non~ 1 1-
201964~
~ ho4~ ros~lt~ shDw that the ~LGdU~ 0~ ~n~ inv~ntlon
g~e goo4 oloanlng w~h very lo~ ~e~iAuo~ o~ p~o4uct on
tha cl~rrod s~r~ace.
~h~ oompo~ltion of ~xomple 1, and var~ou~
6 3n~logouC ~ q~ltlon~ with dlfferent a~t~on~a poly~or or
none at all, w~re used to d~onot~ote th~ valuc o~ the
oation~c polymer in re~v~l of Do~tioul~te
A 30cm x 300m ~la~a ml~ror ~o thoro~shly cl An~
~nd lt~ r~lPctance 1~ me~sured.
A ~oll oDn~i~tln~ of 8 ~ert~ of Ill$t~ type clay
~nd 0.1 part~ o~ carbon black in e~h~nol ~9 ~pr~d
l~ghtly n~ o~nly onto the m~rroL. ~efl60~anc~ le
m~aeuro~ a~aln. one half of the mirror (15om x 30cm~ i~
c~ean~d wlth ox~erlm~nt~l compo~tlon, the othor hal~ wlth
a control ~ln~Dw ctean~n~ pro~ct. B~oh hal~ aned
~y ~ n~ ~ ~1 of compo~it~on on the ~o~od 8urfa~e and
~ip~n4 32 tl~Q~ over ths ~r~ wlth a dry non tJ~ vl~cose
oloth tapp~o~.
75 ~.~.m.l 12 x l~cm. Ai'tsr ~llow~ 1 mlnute to dr~, th4
re~leo~anc~ o~ th~ cl ~n~ mir~or ~urf~ae 1~ maac~r~
~galn. Rno~lng the rel1ectance o~ the pe~featly clean
mlrror, tna ~ lo~ 4u~ to lnlti~l ond re~dual ~oil
ooverag~ aan ~e calc~lsted.
2019642
R~eult~ are a~ follows:
S lo~o ln refleotance
1 d ~o~l~a m~rror lO.S
F oo-A~ 301 1 Cl ear~d wlth control12 . ~
~ ~ J Clc-nod with E%ample 1 5.3
~ ~o~le~ m~rror 1~.2
No cat~oniC Cl~aned wlth cDntrol 11-7
pclymer C1C-~Q~ w~th ~v-~le 1
- without c~tlonlc 11.9
9011ed mirror 20.2
ClOanqd with oontrol 16.4
q Cl~n^d w~ th ~., n~ tlan havin~
i~ r~ ~ Jsguar C-~3 a~ oatlonia po~ymer 3.5
So$1ed mirrcr a3.7
Clean~d wlth ~ontrol 24.4
Cl~an~d w~ th oompo~ltion h~vCng
Fl~c-Ald 371 as catlon~c polymQr a . 9
90iled mirror 1~.7
clc~oe w~ ontrol 16.8
eone~ with ~ ltion havin~
~5 ~ M-rquat 100 aR eationiC polymer ~.7
All of th~ oatlonio polymer~ led to
4ubctantial i-..pro~q-~e~t oompared w~th uGe of the
compo4it~on h~v$ng no cation-a ~olym~r. ~ clm~ rssult
wa~ fo~n~ wltn a aoil also oante~n~n~ a p~to glyoe~ol
trloleate, whiah i~ the pre~om~nantly particulate aoil
~eferred to above.
~ ~R'~ R/~
