Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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GLYCOLIPID/MPG GEL8
FII~LD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to an environmental friendly
detergent composition useful in a gel for cleaning hard
5 surfaces.
R~ r~Pg~ND OF T~: l~v~ ON
In industry hard surface cleaning has traditionally
been carried out by high pressure foam cleaning. There are some
severe safety and environmental problems by using high pressure
10 foam cleaning such as high pH, aggressive cleaning agents, high
water consumption, aerosol formation and mechanical noise.
To overcome these safety and environmental problems
much effort has been put into developing different hard surface
cleaners in the form of gels. The gel cleaners have the
15 advantages of giving no or insignificant aerosol formation,
they have a low water consumption, and they are easy to apply:
Prior to dilution the gel compositions are readily mobile
liquids which are convenient for transport etc., but when
diluted to working concentrations they start to thicken to a
20 gel-like consistency, which mean that they will remain in
contact with the surface or object to be cleaned for sufficient
time to enable the cleansing to occur (for reference see EP 0
314 232), so if the detergents of the gel composition are
environmental friendly, the gel application method is a very
25 safe and gentle way of cleaning hard surfaces.
The cleaning gel compositions proposed until now have
contained surfactants, builders and thickeners (see Research
Disclosure 34045, August 1992/619), the surfactants e.g. being
benzene or naphthalene sulphate or sulphonate derivatives (see
30 EP 0 314 232), so there is a need for "more green" detergent
gel compositions.
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~UMMARY OF THE I~v~ ON
In this invention it is surprisingly found that a gel
can be made of very environmental friendly chemicals, namely
glycolipid, polyalcohols and water.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a
liquid detergent composition which undergoes a viscosity
increase upon aqueous dilution, comprising
a) one or more glycolipids
b) one or more polyalcohols
c) water.
DET~TT~ DI~C~OSURE OF THE lNv~.~lON
In this invention it is surprisingly found that a gel
cleaning composition can be made of glycolipid(s), poly-
alcohol(s) and water.
According to the invention the glycolipid may be a
sugar or sugar alcohol fatty acid ester (as described in JP 63-
112,993) or a derivative thereof or a fatty acid monoester or
a mixture of fatty acid monoesters of alkylglycoside (as
described in US 5,191,071 and in US 5,200,328) or a derivative
20 thereof. In particular the glycolipid is a fatty acid monoester
of ethylglycoside, the fatty acid containing 8-22 carbon atoms,
e.g. ethyl 6-O-dodecanoyl glucoside.
According to the invention any polyalcohol which has
two or more hydroxyl groups may be used in making the gel.
25 Useful examples are 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propandiol, 1,3-
propandiol, 1,2,3-propantriol, butanediols, butanetriols,
pentanediols, and sugar alcohols. In particular 1,2-propandiol
is preferred.
The gel composition may optionally also contain other
30 detergent ingredients such as solvents and sequestrants.
The gel composition may also contain an electrolyte
(e.g. sodium chloride). It has been found that sodium chloride
should be added in more than 8 % w/w in order to maintain the
gel formation when the gel components are ethyl 6-0-dodecanoyl
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glucoside, 1,2-propandiol and water (in lower concentrations
the gel formation decreases, for reference see Example 1).
The gel composition may also contain one or more
enzymes. The enzymes are in particular proteases (for instance
s Savinase~ 16.0 L, Alcalase~ 2.5 L, Esperase0 8.0 L or Durazym~
16.0 L, all available from Novo Nordisk A/S), amylases (for
instance Termamyl~ 300 L available from Novo Nordisk A/S),
lipases (for instance Lipolase~ 100 L available from Novo
Nordisk A/S) or cellulases (for instance Celluzyme~ 1.0 L
10 available from Novo Nordisk A/S). The amount of enzyme may be
dosed so that the percentage of enzyme in the finished gel will
be of 0.001-10%, preferably 0.01-1~, in particular about 0.01-
0.5%.
Gel Makinq in situ
s The gel is made in situ. The detergent composition
comprising the glycolipid(s) and the polyalcohol(s) are diluted
with water and applied to the soiled surfaces by using some
kind of application system (e.g. diluted through a venturi and
applied via a special lance). The detergent composition is best
20 applied using gel generation equipment which automatically
draws in the required percentage. The required percentage of a
given glycolipid and a given polyalcohol may be found as
described in Example 1. Application equipment is available from
for instance Scanio A/S, Blytaekkervej 4-6, DK-9000 Aalborg,
25 Denmark.
Cleaning Hard Surfaces
The gel is applied to the soiled surfaces as
described above. The gel will set on the surfaces within a few
seconds. The gel will remain in its form even on complicated
30 shaped equipment, vertical surfaces and ceilings and will
therefore give very long contact times. Dwell times are
difficult to estimate beforehand and should be determined by
trial. A dwell time of 5-30 minutes may often be required.
After a sufficient dwell time to allow for surfactant
35 action the gel composition is rinsed off using a washing
system. In some cases it may be necessary to use a pressure
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washing system to rinse off the gel composition, but often
removal by gentle flushing with water is easy and all that is
needed.
Potential Applications
The cleaning gel detergent described in this inven-
tion may be used in all kinds of industries: in dairies, in
slaughterhouses, in breweries, in sea food production units
etc. It may also be used in the transport sector, for instance
as a cleaning agent in car washing and for general vessel wash.
o Especially, the cleaning gel may be useful in removing oils
(vegetable, animal and mineral). It may also work as a general
purpose cleaner in households, e.g., for cleaning windows,
bathrooms and kitchens, in particular it may be useful as an
efficient oven cleaner. It may also be useful for janitorial
15 purposes such as computer cabinet cleaning etc.
The cleaning gel of the present invention may also be
very useful for personal care purposes, in skin, hair and
dental applications, such as cleaning dentures.
The invention is further illustrated in the following
20 example which is not intended to be in any way limiting to the
scope of the invention as claimed.
EXAMPLE 1
Ethyl 6-0-dodecanoYl qlucoside/1 2-proPandiol/water gel
Different formulations were made by mixing warm
25 (about 55~C) ethyl 6-0-dodecanoyl glucoside with 1,2-propan-
diol. (The temperature of the glycolipid should be chosen so it
is possible to mix the glycolipid with the polyalcohol). Each
formulation was then diluted with cold water in the interval of
from O to 90% w/w, mixed on a whirler, and the rheology of each
30 gel was visually evaluated. After 5 minutes the gel was
transferred to a Haake viscosimeter tHaake Rotovisco, RV 3,
with the sensor system MV I, operated according to Manu-
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facturer's instructions), and the viscosity was measured at
several shear rates (after the bubbles had disappeared).
All measurements were made at room temperature.
The formulations tested and the achieved results are listed in
5 Table l (see below).
Influence of NaCl (0-8%) was also tested, by mixing with cold
NaCl-solutions, instead of cold water. The results are listed
in Table 2 (see below).
Results and discussion:
10 The formulations prepared do not exhibit newtonian behaviour,
so the viscosities of different gels are only comparable when
measured at the same rotation speed. The preferred ratio
between ethyl 6-0-dodecanoyl glucoside and l,2-propandiol is
80/20. Formulation no. 2 in Table l is clear and has an
15 acceptable low viscosity, like a detergent, and the formulation
gives good gels when diluted to a maximum of 80% water (see no.
3 to no. 7 in Table l).
Influence of NaCl: It can be seen from Table 2 that a NaCl-
concentration from about 0.2% lowers the viscosity
20 significantly. It can also be seen that if the gels have to
contain NaCl, a concentration of about 8% is needed to maintain
the viscosity (compared with no added NaCl). At none of the
NaCl-concentrations tested could an increase in the viscosity
be measured.
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