CHAUDIERE A LIQUIDE ATOMISE

ATOMIZED LIQUID BOILER

Description

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CA 02430041 2003-05-26
ATOMIZED LIa~UID BOILER
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the use of a pressurized gas to deliver a liquid
to a heated surface for the purpose of vaporizing the liquid.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Heating a liquid to the point of vaporization has traditionally been
accomplished by introducing large volumes of liquid in coalesced or atomized
form to a heated surface. This process takes place within an enclosed space
commonly referred to as a boiler or steam generator. The resulting vapor
can then be delivered to demand points where the heat or work energy of the
vapor is used:
In processes where a coalesced liquid is introduced to a heated
surface, most of the liquid component is used to transport that portion of the
liquid which is to be vaporized. In doing so, most of the heat energy is
consumed by the transport molecules, not the vaporized molecules.
When an atomized Liquid is applied fo a heated surface, it is impossible
to have an even distribution of the liquid and thus it coalesces. This results
in
a similar problem as that described above where heat energy is lost to the
liquid component.
It is clear that traditional methods of vaporization have inherent
drawbacks associated with loss of heat energy. This loss of heat energy
ultimately drives upwards the cost of the overall process. Thus, there is a
clear need for a process that more efficiently utilizes the heat energy to
accomplish the task of vaporization.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with an aspect of this invention, a liquid boiler apparatus
for vaporizing a liquid, said apparatus comprises:
a heat source,
a boiler heated by said heat source,
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said boiler being adapted to receive a liquid in mist or droplet form and
a transport gas,
wherein said transport gas facilitates movement of said liquid through
said boiler, and wherein said liquid is vaporized and subsequently delivered
to a demand point.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings
wherein:
Fig. 1 is a schematic of a liquid-tube boiler configuration where the
gaslliquid mixture passes through a heat source.
Fig. 2 is a schematic of a firetube boiler configuration where the
gas/liquid mixture passes around a heat source.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODLMENTS
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a transport gas is supplied through gas
inlet tube 1 while a liquid to be vaporized is supplied through liquid inlet
tube
2. In order to convert the liquid into mist or droplet form, the liquid
component
passes through an atomizer 5. Upon leaving the atomizer 5, the atomized
liquid mixes with the transport gas in mixing area 16. The transport gas
serves to facilitate transport of the atomized liquid through the apparatus.
The atomized liquidltransport gas mixture is transported to the heated boiler
area 6 causing the atomized liquid to vaporize. To enter the heated boiler
area 6; the gas and liquid components are delivered at sufficient pressure so
as to overcome any back-pressure within the vaporization apparatus. The
delivery of the gas component may be accomplished using a compressor 4
while the delivery of the liquid component may be facilitated using pump 3.
Alternatively, the gas may originate from a pressurized source, eliminating
the
need for a compressor. To assist in providing sufficient heat energy for
vaporization, the gas and liquid components are subjected to a pre-heat
exchanger before entering the boiler area 6. Gas supplied through gas inlet
tube 1 passes through gas pre-heat exchanger 13 while liquid supplied
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through liquid inlet tube 2 passes through liquid pre-heat exchanger 14.
The vaporized liquid/transport gas mixture exits the heated boiler area
fi through discharge tube 10. The apparatus is capable of producing
vaporized liquidltransport gas mixtures of various pressures depending on the
end use. One embodiment has end-pressures in the range of 2000-3000 psi.
The discharge pressure is adjustable to suit a particular application: In one
embodiment, as the mixture moves through discharge tube 10, the pressure
is adjusted using a pressure regulator 11 and a valve 12 before the vaporized
mixture continues to an application point where the work or heat energy is
consumed.
The boiler may be of either liquid tube configuration (Fig. 1 ) or fire tube
configuration (Fig. 2). In either configuration a heating medium 8 (i.e. hot
gases, hot liquids) heats boiler area 6 by flowing through plenum 7,
losing/transferring heat energy to boiler area 6. The heat medium then
moves through discharge duct 9 to gas pre-heat exchanger 13 and liquid pre-
heat exchanger 14, ultimately continuing to discharge duct 1 fi.
The heated gas/liquid vaporized mixture. is then directed to a demand
point where the heat or work energy of the vapor is used. Examples of.heat
energy-based applications include heating buildings or other secondary
mediums. Examples of work energy-based applications include the powering
of steam turbines or reciprocating steam engines.
The process of the current invention has certain advantages over prior
steam generating technologies. The first advantage is that only the amount
of liquid that.can be vaporized immediately on contact with the heated surface
is allowed to enter the boiler. Secondly, the liquid is transported by a
pressurized gas and does not have the opportunity to coalesce as it is in
constant motion within the boiler. Thirdly, the absence of coalesced water
means substantially all the heat energy at the point of contact between the
liquid molecule and heated surface is transferred for the purpose of
vaporization and not to pre-heat liquid molecules transporting those to be
vaporized. These advantages translate into increased heating efficiency and
lower overall cost.
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Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described
herein in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that
variations
may be made thereto without departing the spirit of the invention.
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