IMMEUBLES A CONSOMMATION REDUITE D'ENERGIE

LOW-ENERGY BUILDINGS

Abrégé français

L'objectif de la présente invention est de créer une construction comprenant une enceinte extérieur et un plafond, permettant d'évacuer la vapeur d'eau hors de la pièce, à travers l'enceinte, et d'éviter que la vapeur d'eau se concentre dans le mur, sur la base de la loi de Fick selon laquelle le flux de diffusion est proportionnel au gradient de concentration.

Abrégé anglais

The aim of present invention is to create such construction of outer wall and
ceiling, as is needed to lead the dry water steam (water gas) away from the
room through the wall, according to the Fick law of concentration declivity
and natural steam pressure flow diffusion, without the water steam being able
to concentrate to the condensation water in the wall.

Revendications

8


CLAIMS

Claims


1. Diffusely open construction of low-energy houses walls, which
without a vapor proof protection and vapor proof brake
obstructs the creation of condensation water in and on walls,
characterized by being composed of and utilizing the warm air
section between the inner and the outer house, and consisting
of the outer wall of the outer house (1), the thermally
insulated diffusely open wall and ceiling of the inner house
(2), the air section warmed up by the greenhouse effect of
the light (3), the framework (4), the transparent or common
roof (5, 6), the heat distribution space (7), the house
framework of metal, silicates and wood, which carries both
the outer and the inner house, where water vapor or other
gases passing through the walls can not condensate inside the
thermally insulated walls of the house.

2. Diffusely open construction of low-energy houses walls, which
without a vapor proof protection and vapor proof brake
obstructs the creation of condensation water in and on walls,
according to Claim 1, characterized by consisting of the gaps
in the root and the loft area for gases in the air section
between the outer house (1) and the inner house (2), which
escape with the natural lift through the non-closeable gaps
in the roof and the loft area to the outer space.

3. Diffusely open construction of low-energy houses walls, which
without a vapor proof protection and vapor proof brake
obstructs the creation of condensation water in and on walls
and ceiling, according to Claims 1-2, characterized by the
fact, that the houses constructed



9

according to said construction can be of any size, number of
stores end ground plan.


4. Diffusely open construction of low-energy houses walls, which
without a vapor proof protection and vapor proof brake
obstructs the creation of condensation water in and an walls
and ceiling, according to Claims 1-3, characterized by the
part of the roof (5) being composed of see-through material
transmitting light.

5. Diffusely open construction of low-energy houses walls, which
without a vapor proof protection and vapor proof brake
obstructs the creation of condensation water in and on walls
and ceiling, according to Claims 1-4, characterized by the
roof (6) and the outer wall surface (1) according to the heat
requirement by the air section (3) is consisting either of a
common roofing or a transparent material.

6. Diffusely open construction of low-energy houses walls, which
without a vapor proof protection and vapor proof brake
obstructs the creation of condensation water in and on walls
and ceiling, according to Claims 1-5, characterized by the
framework (4) being composed of metal, wood or a silicates or
any combination of said materials and statically carries both
the inner and the outer house.

7. Diffusely open construction of low-energy houses walls, which
without a vapor proof protection and vapor proof brake
obstructs the creation of condensation water in and on walls
and ceiling, according to Claims 1-6, characterized by the
roof arid the wall of the outer house (1) consists of any
water repellent and wind tight material.

8. Diffusely open construction of low-energy houses walls, which
without a vapor proof protection and vapor proof




10



brake obstructs the creation of condensation water in and on
walls and ceiling, according to Claims 1-7, characterized by
the inner wall of the house (2) consisting of the heat
insulating material able to take load, e.g. silicate, masonry,
or concrete and in the wall area substituting the framework
(4), where the necessary distance for the air section between
the inner and the outer house is as the substitute for the
framework (4) arbitrarily ensured in such way that the air in
the loft area is openly connected with the area between the
bigger outer house and the smaller inner house.


9. Diffusely open construction of low-energy houses walls, which
without a vapor proof protection and vapor proof brake
obstructs the creation of condensation water in and on walls
and ceiling, according to Claims 1-8, characterized by the
outer house is always arbitrarily bigger then the inner
house.

10. Diffusely open construction of low-energy houses walls, which
without a vapor proof protection and vapor proof brake
obstructs the creation of condensation water in and on walls
and ceiling, according to Claims 1-9, characterized by the
heat distributor, located on the inner surface of the inner
house is used for the distribution of a hot medium for
heating or a cold medium for cooling.

Description

CA 02614190 2007-10-29
WO 2006/114066 PCT/CZ2006/000025
Low-energy buildings

Technical Field

The technical solution according to present invention
concerns the construction of the low-energy houses without
condensation water.

Background Art

The disadvantage of all low-energy and passive houses is
that there must be an absolutely airtight and vapor proof
prevention, or vapor proof brake inserted into the inner
wall side. This is necessary to avoid the infiltration of
the water steam (= water gas), occurring in every house by
the respiration of its inhabitants and by other activities
connected with water, to the walls; where it concentrates
into the condensation water, causes the walls damages and
supports the growth of the mould. The vapor proof
prevention, or vapor proof brake holds the water steam in
the room and escalates the level of the relative air
humidity. The relative air humidity, which is the mixture
of air and dry water steam (= water gas), has to be held on
as low level as the water steam could not concentrate on
cold outer walls on the vapor proof protection or vapor
proof brake and cause growth of the mould, for which it is
necessary to lower the rate of the water gas in the air of
the room by the ventilation.

This can be achieved by the window opening, but this leads
to loosing heat in the room. In the low-energy and passive
houses, there are mechanical ventilators with or without
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)


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the heat regeneration installed so that the heat could be
saved. These ventilators need electricity, are expensive
and installation costing. For lowering the relative air
humidity in the room and elimination of the gas fumes,
smells and allergens, these ventilators must change about
200 - 300 times as much air as it would be needed for the
inhabitants' respiration. This huge amount of polluted
exhaled air must be cleaned in air filters, causing
permanent dust swirl and air draught in the room. If the
filters and air outlets are not continuously carefully
cleaned, there is the danger of viruses and bacteria
occurrence, which are exhausted from the filters into the
air being respired by the inhabitants and together with
dust threaten their health. Nevertheless, these
ventilators cause ventilation heat waste, which raises the
heat energy consumption of the-house, and for their regular
function, it is necessary to have the windows closed, which
negatively influences the good state of inhabitants'
health.

Disclosure of invention

The aim of present invention is to create such construction
of. outer wall and ceiling, as is needed to lead the dry
water steam (water gas) away from the room through the
wall, according to the Fick law of concentration declivity
and natural steam pressure flow diffusion, without the
water steam being able to concentrate to the condensation
water in the wall. By this, all ventilators became
needless. According to present invention, it is possible to
reach set aim by heating the outer surface of the inner
house with the warm air section between the inner and the
outer house as much as the temperature there is always


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above the water vapor dew point and the inner wall, based
on the building materials, open vapor diffusion, and heat
insulating materials, is able to let the water steam
through even without the vapor proof brakes or vapor proof
preventions. All natural namely organic building materials,
having low vapor diffusion resistance and heat accumulation
ability, are suitable for this.

The necessary temperature of the air section between the
inner and the outer house is reached by the utilization of
the light greenhouse effect. Likewise by the heat loss of
the inner house and the heat stored under the inner house
and in the walls of the inner house and under the outer
house. The water steam leaking from the inner house through
the diffusively open cover of the inner house into the
outer house, closed down from the outer air, is, due to its
weight, which is lighter than the air weight, led by the
natural lift through the gaps in the roof and the house-top
to the outer space. According to present invention, the
greenhouse heat is created by the in-leaking of the
daylight through see-through areas which are constructed
proportionally for every building in different sizes. Thus
it is possible without the condensation water to build
arbitrarily big and even multistory houses in any arbitral
shape and outer design, even without vapor proof brake and
vapor proof protection. The framework of metal and wood
carries both inner and outer house. The stability can be
ensured also by the construction of diffusely open and heat
insulated walls of masonry or by the method of building
using wooden boards or wooden stands/pedestals.

The present invention is represented on the Fig. 1 and
shows the intersection of a two-story house.


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Disclosure of figures:

1.the outer wall of the outer house;

2. the thermally insulated diffusely open wall and
ceiling of the inner house;

3. the air section warmed up by the light greenhouse
effect;

4. the framework;
5. the glass roof;

6. the roof area covered with either glass or other
roofing, according to the air section's need of heat;
7. heat distribution.

Industrial utilization

The construction of residences is utilizable in building,
industry and agriculture.

Dessin représentatif